EP2885804B1 - Ensemble alimentation électrique régulé pour une utilisation dans un commutateur électrique - Google Patents
Ensemble alimentation électrique régulé pour une utilisation dans un commutateur électrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2885804B1 EP2885804B1 EP12774980.2A EP12774980A EP2885804B1 EP 2885804 B1 EP2885804 B1 EP 2885804B1 EP 12774980 A EP12774980 A EP 12774980A EP 2885804 B1 EP2885804 B1 EP 2885804B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- excitation current
- current
- control signal
- closed position
- ref
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
- H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
- H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to an electrical switch used for opening and closing an electrically conductive path between an electric supply and an electric load.
- the present invention relates to a regulated power supply assembly suitable for operating such an electrical switch.
- At least one movable contact is displaced relative to at least one pair of stationary contacts to establish or interrupt an electrically-conductive path between supply-side and load-side stationary contacts.
- the supply-side and load side stationary contacts are connected to an electrical supply and an electrical load respectively.
- An electromagnetic assembly is included to provide a driving force such as to cause desired displacement of the movable contact from an open position to a closed position to operate the electrical switch.
- a typical electromagnetic assembly includes a magnet frame, which includes a stationary portion referred to as 'yoke' and a movable portion referred to as 'armature' (sometimes also referred to as 'anker').
- the yoke and the armature have complementary construction with air gaps in between confronting ends.
- the yoke is associated with an electromagnetic coil, which is energized using a power supply to establish magnetic flux through the yoke and consequently, through the armature such that the armature moves under the influence of magnetic force.
- the armature of the electromagnetic assembly is coupled to a carrier assembly supporting the movable contacts. The movement of the armature from an unactuated position to an actuated position provides a driving force to displace the movable contact from an open position to a closed position thereof.
- the electromagnetic assembly During a closing stroke, the electromagnetic assembly provides a driving force such that the movable contact is displaced from the open position to the closed position.
- the electromagnetic assembly must initially overcome impeding force of biasing springs, which bias the movable contact towards the open position thereof.
- the electromagnetic assembly is required to exert a linearly increasing driving force until the movable contact finally reaches the closed position.
- the electromagnetic assembly is required to provide a relatively reduced driving force.
- the electromagnetic coil is de-energised such that the movable contact reverts to the open position under influence of the biasing springs.
- the driving force required during different stages of electrical switch operation is variable. It is an important consideration to optimize the driving force during different stages of operation of the electrical switch.
- the driving force during the closing stroke should be such that sufficient energy is imparted to swiftly transition from the open position to the closed position such as to reduce arcing phenomenon.
- it is highly desirable that the imparted energy is not so high as to cause undesirable mechanical stress due to the closing operation.
- Such so-called 'hard' closing operation leads to increased mechanical wear on the pole surfaces of the yoke and the armature.
- such hard closing disadvantageously results in an increased tendency for contact bouncing subsequent to the initial engagement between the movable and the stationary contacts.
- control means to supply regulated power to the electromagnetic coil such as to optimize the driving force exerted on the movable contact.
- the patent discloses an electromagnetic contactor, including a coil to which an input voltage is loaded.
- the electromagnetic contactor includes detector means for detecting a peak voltage value of said input voltage and for detecting an average value of said input voltage, wherein said input voltage is one of a full wave rectified alternating current and a DC voltage; switching means, responsive to an operating signal, for controlling operation of said electromagnetic contactor; and a controller for generating said operating signal and for stabilizing input power supplied to said coil at a constant level by controlling a pulse width of said operating signal based on said peak voltage value and said average value of said input voltage detected by said detector means.
- the electromagnetic contactor disclosed in the aforementioned patent is based on voltage regulation based on peak voltage value and average voltage value of an input voltage applied to the electromagnetic coil.
- the operation of the electrical switch essentially becomes independent of main supply voltage.
- the driving force is a function of, among other factors, the excitation current supplied to the electromagnetic coil and not the voltage applied across the electromagnetic coil.
- the excitation current does not de facto depend only on the applied voltage but also the effective impedance of the electromagnetic coil.
- the effective impedance is dependent, among other factors, on geometrical construction of the electromagnetic assembly, air gap between the armature and the yoke, which is continually changing during the closing stroke, and also, temperature of the electromagnetic coil. Therefore, even though voltage-regulation control mechanisms ensure that a constant voltage is applied across the electromagnetic coil, yet such methods fail to provide satisfactory regulation of the driving force generated by the electromagnetic assembly.
- the operational temperature of the electromagnetic coil is bound to vary depending upon the ambient temperature and thus, location of the installation; and also, during different instances of use of the electrical switch in a particular installation. It is a general practice to configure the device based on the maximum operating temperature stipulated for the electrical switch. However, when the actual temperature is lower than the maximum operating temperature, the impedance of the electromagnetic coil is much less and accordingly, the driving force generated during the closing stroke becomes undesirably high.
- the improved power supply provides optimum driving force produced using an electromagnetic assembly within the electrical switch such as to optimize closing time required for transitioning the electrical switch from an open position to a closed position and closing velocity imparted to movable components, such as one or more movable contacts, an armature, and so on, within the electrical switch.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a regulated power supply assembly suitable for use in electrical switches such that driving force produced using an electromagnetic assembly is effectively regulated and optimized.
- the object of the present invention is achieved by a regulated power supply assembly suitable for use with an electrical switch according to claim 1, a method for providing a regulated power supply suitable for use with an electrical switch according to claim 12, and an electrical switch according to claim 23. Further embodiments of the present invention are addressed in the dependent claims.
- a regulated power supply assembly suitable for use in an electrical switch.
- the electrical switch comprises an electromagnetic assembly configured to operate said electrical switch in one of an open position and a closed position thereof and effect a transition there between.
- the regulated power supply assembly comprises switching means, sampling means, and controlling means.
- the switching means are operable for switching an output voltage provided to the electromagnetic assembly such that an excitation current is established therein.
- the switching means are operated based on a switching control signal.
- the sampling means are configured for successively sampling the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly.
- the controlling means are configured for generating the switching control signal based on comparing an instantaneous sample of the excitation current with at least one preceding sample of the excitation current.
- a method for providing a regulated power supply suitable for use in an electrical switch comprises an electromagnetic assembly configured to operate said electrical switch in one of an open position and a closed position thereof and effect a transition there between.
- an output voltage provided to the electromagnetic assembly is switched based on a switching control signal such that an excitation current is established in the electromagnetic assembly.
- the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly is successively sampled.
- the switching control signal is generated based on comparing an instantaneous sample of the excitation current with at least one preceding sample of the excitation current.
- an electrical switch comprising a regulated power supply assembly in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention and operated in accordance with the second aspect of the present invention is provided.
- the present invention provides a regulated power supply assembly suitable for use with an electric switch, a method for providing a regulated power supply suitable for use with an electric switch, and an electric switch comprising said regulated power supply assembly and operated in accordance with said method.
- the present invention facilitates an effective control over energy delivered to an electromagnetic assembly within the electric switch, and hence best optimizes the driving force generated during closing operation.
- the energy delivered to the electromagnetic assembly is advantageously independent of an input voltage and temperature of the electromagnetic assembly, in particular, an electromagnetic coil within the electromagnetic assembly. Thus, a consistent performance is achieved under all operating conditions.
- the present invention advantageously regulates energy required to operate the electromagnetic assembly and hence, provides improved energy efficiency.
- the electric switch 100 includes an electromagnetic assembly 102 and a regulated power supply assembly 104.
- the regulated power supply assembly 104 includes switching means 106, sampling means 108, and controlling means 110.
- the regulated power supply assembly 104 includes free-wheeling means 112 and full-wave rectification means 114.
- the electric switch 100 includes various other components in addition to the electromagnetic assembly 102 and the regulated power supply assembly 104. However, these additional components are not shown in the adjoining figure for sake of clarity.
- the electric switch 100 includes at least one pair of stationary contacts and corresponding at least one movable contact, which is displaceable between an open position and a closed position. In the closed position, the movable contact establishes an electrical flow path between the stationary contacts in a bridge-like manner.
- the electromagnetic assembly 102 is operably coupled to the movable contact and is configured to operate the electrical switch 100 in one of an open position and a closed position thereof and effect a transition there between.
- the electromagnetic assembly 102 when a voltage is provided to an electromagnetic coil C within the electromagnetic assembly 102, the electromagnetic assembly 102 generates a driving force to displace the movable contact from an open position to a closed position.
- the electromagnetic assembly 102 continues to provide a driving force during the closed position of the electric switch 100 to maintain the closed position.
- the voltage to the electromagnetic assembly 102 is removed such that the movable contact returns to the open position.
- the regulated power supply assembly 104 includes input terminals T1, T2 across which, an input voltage Vin is applied.
- the input terminals T1, T2 are connected to the full-wave rectification means 114.
- the regulated power supply assembly 104 further includes output terminals T3, T4.
- the output from the full-wave rectification means 114 is connected to the output terminals T3, T4 through a series connection of the switching means 106 and the sampling means 108.
- the free-wheeling means 112 are connected across the output terminals T3, T4.
- the controlling means 110 are operatively coupled to the input terminals T1, T2, the switching means 106, the sampling means 108, and the free-wheeling means 112.
- the output terminals T3, T4 are coupled to respective input terminals of the electromagnetic assembly 102 to provide an output voltage Vout thereto.
- the input voltage Vin is one of a direct-current voltage and an alternating-current voltage.
- the input voltage Vin is applied to the full-wave rectification means 114 to achieve a unidirectional voltage.
- the full-wave rectification means 114 may be implemented using any suitable technique known in the art. In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention a bridge rectifier is used. As will be apparent, the full-wave rectification means 114 advantageously enable the regulated power supply assembly 104 to be operated using an alternating-current voltage as well as a direct-current voltage as the input voltage Vin.
- the switching means 106 are operable for switching the output voltage Vout provided to the electromagnetic assembly 102 such that an excitation current is established in the electromagnetic assembly 102, and in particular, in the electromagnetic coil C.
- the switching means 106 are operated based on a switching control signal received from the controlling means 110, as will be explained later in the following description.
- a transistor Q1 is used to implement the switching means 106.
- the switching control signal is applied to gate terminal of the transistor Q1, while a current path is established from source to drain of the transistor Q1.
- the sampling means 108 are configured for successively sampling the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly 102.
- the sampling means 108 include a resistor R connected in series with the switching means 106. The voltage drop across the resistor R is sampled by the controlling means 110 and the excitation current is derived therefrom.
- the controlling means 110 has at least two input ports P1, P2, and at least two output ports S1, S2.
- the controlling means 110 samples the input voltage Vin at the input port P1.
- the controlling means 110 continuously samples the excitation current to obtain successive samples thereof through the input port P2.
- the controlling means 110 store at least one preceding sample of the excitation current.
- the controlling means 110 are configured for generating the switching control signal based on comparing an instantaneous sample of the excitation current with a threshold current reference and/or at least one preceding sample of the excitation current.
- the switching control signal is output through the output port S1.
- the controlling means provide a free-wheeling control signal to control the free-wheeling means 112 at the output port S2.
- the controlling means 110 are implemented using a microcontroller. Various logical modules within the microcontroller relevant to the present invention are illustrated in FIG 2 .
- the controlling means 110 include a multiplexer 202, an analog-to-digital converter 204, a logic module 206, a counter 208, and a comparator 210.
- the two input ports P1, P2 are connected to the multiplexer 202. As explained earlier, the input voltage Vin is sampled through the input port P1 and the excitation current is sampled through the input port P2.
- the multiplexer 202 receives a signal select signal from the logic module 206 based on which one of the input voltage Vin and the excitation current is sampled, and provided to the analog-to-digital converter 204.
- the analog-to-digital converter 204 in turn converts the analog signals to digital signals and provide to the logic module 206. It should be noted that the logic module 206 is configured to provide sampling triggers to the analog-to-digital converter 204 in a suitable manner.
- the controlling means 110 are such that the switching control signal is a pulse-width modulated signal.
- the counter 208 generates a saw-tooth shaped carrier signal
- the logic module 206 generates a duty-regulation signal.
- the signals from the counter 208 and the logic module 206 are provided to the comparator 210, which produces a pulse-width modulated signal.
- the pulse-width modulated signal is output through the output port S1 and acts as the switching control signal.
- the logic module 206 directly outputs the free-wheeling control signal through the output port S2.
- the free-wheeling means 112 are connected across the output terminals T3, T4.
- the free-wheeling means 112 are effectively coupled across the electromagnetic assembly 102 and therefore, provide a free-wheeling current flow path for the excitation current.
- the free-wheeling means 112 include a transistor Q2, a diode D connected in series with the transistor Q2, and a varistor VAR connected across the source and drain of the transistor Q2.
- the gate of transistor Q2 is connected to the output port S2 provided by the controlling means 110 and receives the free-wheeling control signal therefrom.
- the free-wheeling means 112 are operable in one of a high-impedance mode and a low-impedance mode based on a free-wheeling control signal received from the controlling means 110.
- the regulated power supply assembly 104 is operable in accordance with two distinct techniques, namely, a rate-based current regulation technique and a threshold-based current regulation technique. Each of these two techniques will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS 3A-3C and FIGS 4A-4B respectively.
- FIGS 3A through 3C a schematic diagram showing control logic implemented in the logic module 206, and variation of two control parameters for operating the regulated power supply assembly based on a rate-based current regulation technique is illustrated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly 102 is regulated through monitoring the rate of change of the excitation current.
- the threshold current reference I(ref) is configured such that the threshold current reference I(ref) is maintained at a first value I(c) and subsequently, and is reduced to a second value I(h).
- threshold current reference I(ref) is based on elapsed time subsequent to initiation of transition from the open position to the closed position.
- spatial position of the movable contact is tracked through suitable means and threshold current reference I(ref) varies based on spatial position of the movable contact.
- the threshold current reference I(ref) is maintained at the first value I(c) during transition from the open position to the closed position, and is reduced to a second value I(h) subsequent to transition to the closed position.
- threshold current reference I(ref) is reduced to the second value I(h) only after elapse of sufficient time period subsequent to initial engagement (depicted as Xc in FIG 3B ) between the movable and the stationary contacts to facilitate reaching a stable state such that effect of contact bouncing and so on is minimized.
- the second value I(h) of threshold current reference is such that it is sufficient to maintain the closed position of the electric switch 100.
- FIG 3C one exemplary variation of the desired rate of change of the excitation current during operation of the electric switch 100 is shown in FIG 3C .
- the desired rate of change of excitation current di/dt(desired) is configured such that a constant rate of change of excitation current is achieved during transition from the open position to the closed position.
- such variation of desired rate of change of excitation current di/dt(desired) is based on elapsed time subsequent to initiation of transition from the open position to the closed position.
- spatial position of the movable contact is tracked through suitable means and desired rate of change of excitation current di/dt(desired) varies based on spatial position of the movable contact.
- threshold current reference I(ref) and instantaneous sample S(i) are compared, and difference there between is calculated.
- difference between instantaneous sample S(i) and a preceding sample S(i-1) is calculated at summing junction 304.
- the outputs from summing junctions 302 and 304 are provided to the control block 306, which implements a desirable control function, as described below.
- the duty-regulation signal output from logic module 206 corresponds to a low duty cycle. Accordingly, the switching control signal available at the output port S1 of the controlling means 110 is configured to operate the switching means 106 with a low duty cycle.
- control block 306 determines the actual rate of change of excitation current di/dt(actual) based on the comparing between the instantaneous sample S(i) and the at least one preceding sample S(i-1).
- the actual rate of change of excitation current di/dt(actual) is compared with the desired rate of change of excitation current di/dt(desired).
- the duty-regulation signal output from logic module 206 corresponds to a low duty cycle. Accordingly, the switching control signal available at the output port S1 of the controlling means 110 is configured to operate the switching means 106 with a low duty cycle.
- the duty-regulation signal output from logic module 206 corresponds to a high duty cycle. Accordingly, the switching control signal available at the output port S1 of the controlling means 110 is configured to operate the switching means 106 with a high duty cycle.
- FIGS 4A and 4B a schematic diagram showing control logic implemented in the logic module 206, and variation of a single control parameter for operating the regulated power supply assembly based on a threshold-based current regulation technique is illustrated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly 102 is regulated through comparing the excitation current with a varying threshold current reference.
- a single control parameter namely, a threshold current reference is defined.
- the threshold current reference I(ref) is configured such that the threshold current reference I(ref) increases from an initial value I(i) to a final value I(f) during at least a part of transition from the open position to the closed position of the electric switch 100, and is reduced from the final value I(f) to a holding value I(h) subsequent to transition to said closed position.
- the threshold current reference I(ref) achieves the final value I(f) before an initial engagement between the movable and the stationary contacts, and remains constant thereafter till the electric switch 100 stably transitions to the closed position.
- threshold current reference I(ref) is based on elapsed time subsequent to initiation of transition from the open position to the closed position.
- spatial position of the movable contact is tracked through suitable means and threshold current reference I(ref) varies based on spatial position of the movable contact.
- threshold current reference I(ref) is reduced to the holding value I(h) only after elapse of sufficient time period subsequent to initial engagement (depicted as Xc in FIG 4B ) between the movable and the stationary contacts to facilitate reaching a stable state such that effect of contact bouncing and so on is minimized.
- the second value I(h) of threshold current reference is such that it is sufficient to maintain the closed position of the electric switch 100.
- summing junction 402 instantaneous value of threshold current reference I(ref) and instantaneous sample S(i) are compared, and a difference there between is calculated.
- the output from summing junctions 402 is provided to the control block 404, which implements a desirable control function, as described below.
- the duty-regulation signal output from logic module 206 corresponds to a low duty cycle. Accordingly, the switching control signal available at the output port S1 of the controlling means 110 is configured to operate the switching means 106 with a low duty cycle.
- the duty-regulation signal output from logic module 206 corresponds to a high duty cycle. Accordingly, the switching control signal available at the output port S1 of the controlling means 110 is configured to operate the switching means 106 with a high duty cycle.
- control parameters namely, threshold current reference I(ref) and desired rate of change of excitation current di/dt(desired) as explained in conjunction with FIG 3B and FIG 3C ; and threshold current reference I(ref) explained in conjunction with FIG 4B are configured based on various mechanical and electrical parameters associated with the electromagnetic assembly 102.
- the controlling means 110 generate the switching control signal based on comparing an instantaneous sample of said excitation current with a threshold current reference and/or at least one preceding sample of said excitation current.
- the sampling of excitation current and modification in the switching control signal in accordance with the techniques described in the preceding description are performed at a sufficiently high frequency to provide stringent control and negligible deviation in the actual excitation current from the required excitation current.
- a frequency of the switching control signal may be much higher than a frequency of the sampling the excitation current.
- the switching control signal has a frequency of 16 KHz while the excitation current is sampled at 1.6 KHz.
- the sampling frequency should be such that a sufficient time interval is provided between two successive samples of the excitation current for a perceptible change therein based on electrical inertia of the electromagnetic assembly 102.
- the switching control signal is a pulse-width modulated signal.
- the switching control signal is applied to the switching means 106, during the 'ON' period of the switching control signal, the excitation current flows through the transistor Q1 and the resistor R whereas during the 'OFF' period of the switching control signal the free-wheeling means 112 provide the free-wheeling current flow path to maintain continuity of current and avoid sudden voltage surges and other undesirable effects due to sudden breakage of excitation current in the electromagnetic coil C.
- the free-wheeling means 112 provide a low-impedance current flow path for the excitation current.
- the free-wheeling means 112 provide a high-impedance path to quickly decay the excitation current.
- controlling means 110 provide the free-wheeling control signal at the output port S2 such that the free-wheeling means operate in the low-impedance mode during transition from the open position to the closed position and during the closed position, and further such that the free-wheeling means operate in the high-impedance mode during transition from the closed position to the open position.
- the free-wheeling control signal is such that transistor Q2 remains in conducting state and hence, a low-impedance path is established through transistor Q2 and diode D.
- the free-wheeling control signal keeps the transistor Q2 in non-conducting state, and hence, a high-impedance path through the varistor VAR and diode D is established and consequently, the excitation current is quickly decayed.
- the controlling means 110 sense this change and accordingly, set the switching control signal to such value that transistor Q1 is turned-off.
- the free-wheeling control signal is also set to such value that transistor Q2 is also turned-off. This ensures that the established excitation current in the electromagnetic assembly 102 is quickly decayed and the electric switch 100 transitions from the closed position to the open position.
- the electric switch includes an electromagnetic assembly configured to operate the electrical switch in one of an open position and a closed position thereof and effect a transition there between.
- one or more control parameters are configured.
- the present invention provides two distinct techniques, namely, a rate-based current regulation technique and a threshold-based current regulation technique.
- the control parameters are configured in accordance with the desired technique to be followed.
- the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly is regulated through monitoring the rate of change of the excitation current.
- two control parameters namely, a threshold current reference and a desired rate of change of excitation current are defined.
- the threshold current reference is configured such that the threshold current reference is maintained at a first value during transition from the open position to the closed position, and is reduced to a second value subsequent to transition to the closed position.
- the desired rate of change of the excitation current during transition from the open position to the closed position is also configured.
- the excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly is regulated through comparing the excitation current with a varying threshold current reference.
- a single control parameter namely, a threshold current reference is defined.
- the threshold current reference is configured such that the threshold current reference increases from an initial value to a final value during at least a part of transition from the open position to the closed position, and is reduced from the final value to a holding value subsequent to transition to the closed position.
- an output voltage provided to the electromagnetic assembly is switched such that an excitation current is established therein, wherein the output voltage is switched based on a switching control signal.
- this step further includes receiving an input voltage as a direct current supply and/or an alternating current supply and generating the output voltage therefrom such that the output voltage is unidirectional.
- this step further includes providing a free-wheeling current flow path for the excitation current.
- the free-wheeling current flow path is operable in one of a high-impedance mode and a low-impedance mode based on a free-wheeling control signal.
- the free-wheeling current flow path is configured in the low-impedance mode during transition from the open position to the closed position and during the closed position, and further configuring the free-wheeling current flow path in the high-impedance mode during transition from the closed position to the open position.
- the excitation current is successively sampled.
- the switching control signal is generated based on comparing an instantaneous sample of the excitation current with a threshold current reference and/or at least one preceding sample of the excitation current.
- the steps 504 through 508 are performed iteratively starting from initiation of transition from the open position to the closed position until the electric switch transitions back to the open position based on withdrawal of input voltage or any other suitable switch-off signal therefor.
- control logic for generation of switching control signal for the rate-based and the threshold-based current regulation techniques is explained in conjunction with FIG 6 and FIG 7 respectively.
- FIG 6 illustrates a flowchart depicting a method for providing generating a switching control signal based on a rate-based current regulation technique in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- an instantaneous sample of the excitation current is compared with the threshold current reference.
- the switching control signal is configured to provide a low duty cycle.
- an actual rate of change of the excitation current is determined.
- the actual rate of change of the excitation current is determined based on the comparing between the instantaneous sample and the at least one preceding sample of the excitation current.
- step 606 the actual rate of change of the excitation current is compared with the desired rate of change of the excitation current.
- the switching control signal is configured to provide a low duty cycle.
- the switching control signal is configured to provide a high duty cycle.
- FIG 7 a flowchart depicting a method for providing generating a switching control signal based on a threshold-based current regulation technique is illustrated in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- an instantaneous sample of the excitation current is compared with threshold current reference.
- the switching control signal is configured to provide a low duty cycle.
- the switching control signal is configured provide a high duty cycle.
- threshold current reference I(ref) corresponds to the instantaneous value thereof obtained from the variation of threshold current reference I(ref) shown if FIG 3B and FIG 4B respectively.
- the present invention facilitates an effective control over energy delivered to an electromagnetic assembly within the electric switch through an effective regulation of excitation current established in the electromagnetic assembly. Therefore, the present invention optimizes kinetic energy gain provided to the movable contact during closing operation.
- the energy delivered to the electromagnetic assembly is advantageously independent of an input voltage and temperature of the electromagnetic assembly, in particular, an electromagnetic coil within the electromagnetic assembly. Thus, a consistent performance is achieved under all operating conditions.
- the present invention advantageously regulates energy required to operate the electromagnetic assembly and hence, provides improved energy efficiency.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Linear Motors (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Claims (23)
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) pouvant être utilisé dans un commutateur électrique (100), ledit commutateur électrique (100) comprenant un ensemble électromagnétique (102) configuré pour actionner ledit commutateur électrique (100) dans l'une d'une position ouverte et d'une position fermée de celui-ci et effectuer une transition entre ces positions,
ledit ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) comprenant :- des moyens de commutation (106) actionnables pour commuter une tension de sortie (Vout) fournie audit ensemble électromagnétique (102) de façon à y établir un courant d'excitation, lesdits moyens de commutation (106) étant actionnés en fonction d'un signal de commande de commutation, et- des moyens d'échantillonnage (108) configurés pour échantillonner successivement ledit courant d'excitation, ledit ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) étantcaractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre :- un moyen de commande (110) configuré pour générer ledit signal de commande de commutation en fonction d'une comparaison d'un échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation avec au moins un échantillon précédent (S(i-1)) dudit courant d'excitation. - Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le moyen de commande (110) est configuré pour générer ledit signal de commande de commutation en fonction d'une comparaison de l'échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation avec une référence de courant limite (I(ref)) et au moins un échantillon précédent (S(i-1)) dudit courant d'excitation.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) est configurée de telle sorte que ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) soit maintenue à une première valeur (I(c)) durant une transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée, et soit réduite à une seconde valeur (I(h)) après la transition à la position fermée, et dans lequel un taux de changement souhaité dudit courant d'excitation durant la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée est configuré.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est égal ou supérieur à ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour actionner lesdits moyens de commutation (106) avec un faible cycle de service.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 3 ou 4, dans lequel lesdits moyens de commande (110) sont configurés en outre pour déterminer un taux de changement effectif dudit courant d'excitation quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est inférieur à ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), dans lequel ledit taux de changement effectif dudit courant d'excitation est déterminé en fonction de ladite comparaison entre ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) et ledit au moins un échantillon précédent (S(i-1)) dudit courant d'excitation, et comparer ledit taux de changement effectif dudit courant d'excitation audit taux de changement souhaité dudit courant d'excitation, et dans lequel- quand ledit taux de changement effectif du courant d'excitation est égal ou supérieur audit taux de changement souhaité du courant d'excitation, ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour actionner lesdits moyens de communication (106) avec un faible cycle de service, et- quand ledit taux de changement effectif du courant d'excitation est inférieur audit taux de changement souhaité du courant d'excitation, le signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour actionner lesdits moyens de communication (106) avec un cycle de service élevé.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) est configurée de telle sorte que ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) augmente d'une valeur initiale (I(i)) à une valeur finale (I(f)) durant au moins une partie de la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée, et soit réduite de ladite valeur finale (I(f)) à une valeur de maintien (I(h)) après la transition à ladite position fermée.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 6, quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est égal ou supérieur à une valeur instantanée de ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour actionner lesdits moyens de communication (106) avec un faible cycle de service.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans lequel quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est inférieur à une valeur instantanée de ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour actionner lesdits moyens de communication (106) avec un cycle de service élevé.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre des moyens de roue libre (112) couplés aux bornes dudit ensemble électromagnétique (102) pour fournir un chemin de passage de courant de roue libre pour ledit courant d'excitation, et dans lequel lesdits moyens de roue libre (112) sont exploitables dans l'un d'un mode de haute impédance et d'un mode de basse impédance en fonction d'un signal de commande de roue libre.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel lesdits moyens de commandes (110) sont configurés en outre pour fournir ledit signal de commande de roue libre auxdits moyens de roue libre (112) de telle sorte que lesdits moyens de roue libre (112) fonctionnent dans ledit mode de basse impédance durant la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée et durant ladite position fermée, et en outre de telle sorte que lesdits moyens de roue libre (112) fonctionnent dans ledit mode de haute impédance durant la transition de ladite position fermée à ladite position ouverte.
- Ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre des moyens de redressement pleine onde (114) configurés pour recevoir une tension d'entrée (Vin) comme alimentation de courant continu et/ou alimentation de courant alternatif et générer ladite tension de sortie (Vout) à partir de celle-ci de telle sorte que la tension de sortie (Vout) soit unidirectionnelle.
- Procédé de fourniture d'une alimentation électrique régulée pouvant être utilisée dans un commutateur électrique, ledit commutateur électrique comprenant un ensemble électromagnétique configuré pour actionner ledit commutateur électrique dans l'une d'une position ouverte et d'une position fermée de celui-ci et effectuer une transition entre ces positions,
ledit procédé comprenant :- la commutation (504) d'une tension de sortie (Vout) fournie audit ensemble électromagnétique de façon à y établir un courant d'excitation, ladite tension de sortie (Vout) étant commutée en fonction d'un signal de commande de commutation, et- l'échantillonnage successif (506) dudit courant d'excitation, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre :- la génération (508) dudit signal de commande de commutation en fonction d'une comparaison d'un échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation avec au moins un échantillon précédent (S(i-1)) dudit courant d'excitation. - Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel ledit signal de commande de commutation est généré en fonction d'une comparaison d'un échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation avec une référence de courant limite (I(ref)) et au moins un échantillon précédent (S(i-1)) dudit courant d'excitation.
- Procédé selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre :- la configuration (502) de ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) de telle sorte que ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) soit maintenue à une première valeur (I(c)) durant la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée, et soit réduite à une seconde valeur (I(h)) après la transition à ladite position fermée, et- la configuration (502) d'un taux de changement souhaité dudit courant d'excitation durant la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 14, dans lequel quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est égal ou supérieur à ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour fournir un faible cycle de service (610).
- Procédé selon la revendication 14 ou 15, comprenant en outre la détermination (604) d'un taux de changement effectif dudit courant d'excitation quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est inférieur à ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), dans lequel ledit taux de changement effectif dudit courant d'excitation est déterminé en fonction de ladite comparaison entre ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) et ledit au moins un échantillon précédent (S(i-1)) dudit courant d'excitation, et la comparaison (606) dudit taux de changement effectif dudit courant d'excitation audit taux de changement souhaité dudit courant d'excitation, dans lequel- quand ledit taux de changement effectif du courant d'excitation est égal ou supérieur audit taux de changement souhaité du courant d'excitation, ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour fournir un faible cycle de service (610), et- quand ledit taux de changement effectif du courant d'excitation est inférieur audit taux de changement souhaité du courant d'excitation, le signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour fournir un cycle de service élevé (608).
- Procédé selon la revendication 13, comprenant en outre la configuration (502) de ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) de telle sorte que ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)) augmente d'une valeur initiale (I(i)) à une valeur finale (I(f)) durant au moins une partie de la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée, et soit réduite de ladite valeur finale (I(f)) à une valeur de maintien (I(h)) après la transition à la position fermée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 17, quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est égal ou supérieur à une valeur instantanée de ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour fournir un faible cycle de service (706).
- Procédé selon la revendication 17 ou 18, dans lequel quand ledit échantillon instantané (S(i)) dudit courant d'excitation est inférieur à une valeur instantanée de ladite référence de courant limite (I(ref)), ledit signal de commande de commutation est configuré pour fournir un cycle de service élevé (704).
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre la fourniture (504) d'un chemin de passage de courant de roue libre pour ledit courant d'excitation, dans lequel ledit chemin de passage de courant de roue libre est exploitable dans l'un d'un mode de haute impédance et d'un mode de basse impédance en fonction d'un signal de commande de roue libre.
- Procédé selon la revendication 20, comprenant en outre la configuration dudit chemin de passage d'un courant de roue libre dans ledit mode de basse impédance durant la transition de ladite position ouverte à ladite position fermée et durant ladite position fermée, et en outre la configuration dudit chemin de passage de courant de roue libre dans ledit mode de haute impédance durant la transition de ladite position fermée à ladite position ouverte.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre la réception (504) d'une tension d'entrée (Vin) comme alimentation de courant continu et/ou alimentation de courant alternatif et la génération de ladite tension de sortie (Vout) à partir de celle-ci de telle sorte que la tension de sortie (Vout) soit unidirectionnelle.
- Commutateur électrique (100) comprenant un ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, ledit ensemble d'alimentation électrique régulée (104) étant actionné conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 22.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/068618 WO2014044317A1 (fr) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Ensemble alimentation électrique régulé pour une utilisation dans un commutateur électrique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2885804A1 EP2885804A1 (fr) | 2015-06-24 |
EP2885804B1 true EP2885804B1 (fr) | 2016-05-11 |
Family
ID=47044996
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12774980.2A Not-in-force EP2885804B1 (fr) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | Ensemble alimentation électrique régulé pour une utilisation dans un commutateur électrique |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2885804B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN204696038U (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2014044317A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015117593A1 (de) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-20 | Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Steuervorrichtung für einen elektromagnetischen Antrieb eines Schaltgeräts |
DE102015119512A1 (de) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-18 | Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines elektromagnetischen Antriebs eines Schaltgeräts |
FR3051058B1 (fr) * | 2016-05-09 | 2021-10-29 | Luxalp | Actionneur electromagnetique a alimentation regulee |
JP7405534B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-12-26 | ギガバック リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 火工品特徴部を組み込むスイッチング装置と共に使用するための受動トリガー機構 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3805031C2 (de) * | 1988-02-18 | 1997-04-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines elektromagnetischen Verbrauchers |
US5053911A (en) * | 1989-06-02 | 1991-10-01 | Motorola, Inc. | Solenoid closure detection |
JP3496982B2 (ja) | 1994-07-15 | 2004-02-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電磁接触器 |
SE505747C2 (sv) | 1996-02-07 | 1997-10-06 | Asea Brown Boveri | Kontaktorutrustning |
US5910890A (en) | 1998-02-12 | 1999-06-08 | Eaton Corporation | Circuit for controlling application of electricity to a coil of and electric current switching apparatus |
DE19920306B4 (de) * | 1999-05-03 | 2008-02-28 | Stmicroelectronics Gmbh | Schaltungsvorrichtung zum Regeln des Stroms durch eine induktive Last |
-
2012
- 2012-09-21 CN CN201290001319.0U patent/CN204696038U/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-21 EP EP12774980.2A patent/EP2885804B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-09-21 WO PCT/EP2012/068618 patent/WO2014044317A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN204696038U (zh) | 2015-10-07 |
EP2885804A1 (fr) | 2015-06-24 |
WO2014044317A1 (fr) | 2014-03-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10262824B2 (en) | Operation coil drive device of electromagnetic contactor | |
CN110506318B (zh) | 继电器控制方法、控制电路及处理器 | |
EP2885804B1 (fr) | Ensemble alimentation électrique régulé pour une utilisation dans un commutateur électrique | |
US8159807B2 (en) | Method and device for operating a switching device | |
US10217585B2 (en) | Control circuit for composite switch with contact protection based on diode and relay control method | |
US10755881B2 (en) | Circuit arrangement for operating electromagnetic drive systems | |
CN114342034A (zh) | 线圈驱动装置 | |
JP4378585B2 (ja) | リレー駆動装置 | |
KR20090031334A (ko) | 전자기 접촉기 장치 | |
CN100474478C (zh) | 直流电压驱动型电磁接触器的驱动电路及功率变换装置 | |
US20170263366A1 (en) | Coil actuator for lv or mv applications | |
JP4950625B2 (ja) | ハイブリッドリレー | |
KR101546297B1 (ko) | 전자기 스위칭 디바이스를 위한 회로 | |
US10477625B2 (en) | Cooking appliance | |
EP2850632B1 (fr) | Ensemble de puissance réglé pour utilisation dans un commutateur électrique | |
KR101914053B1 (ko) | 회로 차단기 및 회로 차단기의 게이트 구동 장치 | |
KR101894973B1 (ko) | 영전압-영전류 직류 회로 차단기 | |
RU2310938C1 (ru) | Устройство форсированного управления электромагнитом постоянного тока | |
CN221551796U (zh) | 一种继电器降损电路 | |
EP3621090B1 (fr) | Actionneur à bobine pour applications de basse et moyenne tension | |
CN109958815B (zh) | 一种具有电磁柱塞运动检测电路的电磁驱动器 | |
RU2249271C2 (ru) | Устройство форсированного управления электромагнитом | |
CN108599748B (zh) | 一种开关元件保护电路、保护方法及保护装置 | |
KR20160085411A (ko) | 클램핑 회로를 구비한 전자 접촉기 | |
TW200934295A (en) | Driving circuit for light emitting device with compensation mechanism |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20150319 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20160125 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 799249 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20160515 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602012018370 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160811 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 799249 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20160511 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160812 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160912 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602012018370 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160511 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20170214 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20160921 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160921 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160930 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160930 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160921 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160921 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20120921 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160930 Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160511 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20190918 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20191119 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20190926 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602012018370 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200930 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210401 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200921 |