EP2885796B1 - Temperaturmesssystem für eine elektronische stromvorrichtung - Google Patents

Temperaturmesssystem für eine elektronische stromvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2885796B1
EP2885796B1 EP13765534.6A EP13765534A EP2885796B1 EP 2885796 B1 EP2885796 B1 EP 2885796B1 EP 13765534 A EP13765534 A EP 13765534A EP 2885796 B1 EP2885796 B1 EP 2885796B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductive element
temperature sensing
tags
temperature
cooling system
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13765534.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2885796A1 (de
Inventor
Bernd Köhler
Richard H. Osman
Stefan Von Dosky
Herbert Schorb
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
    • H01F2027/406—Temperature sensor or protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • H01F27/16—Water cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/06—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature in oil-filled electric apparatus

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 illustrates various embodiments of a power supply (such as an AC motor drive) having nine such power cells.
  • the power cells in FIG. 1 are represented by a block having input terminals A, B, and C; and output terminals T1 and T2.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates various embodiments of a power supply (such as an AC motor drive) having nine such power cells.
  • the power cells in FIG. 1 are represented by a block having input terminals A, B, and C; and output terminals T1 and T2.
  • a transformer or other multi-winding device 110 receives three-phase, medium-voltage power at its primary winding 112 , and delivers power to a load 130 such as a three-phase AC motor via an array of single-phase inverters (also referred to as power cells) 151-153 , 161-163 , and 171-173 .
  • a load 130 such as a three-phase AC motor
  • an array of single-phase inverters also referred to as power cells
  • Each phase of the power supply output is fed by a group of series-connected power cells, called herein a "phase-group" 150, 160 and 170 .
  • the transformer 110 includes primary windings 112 that excite a number of secondary windings 114 - 122 .
  • primary windings 112 are illustrated as having a star configuration, a mesh configuration is also possible.
  • secondary windings 114 - 122 are illustrated as having a delta or an extended-delta configuration, other configurations of windings may be used as described in U. S. Patent No. 5,625,545 to Hammond .
  • FIG. 1 there is a separate secondary winding for each power cell.
  • the number of power cells and/or secondary windings illustrated in FIG. 1 is merely illustrative, and other numbers are possible. Additional details about such a power supply are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,625,545 .
  • inverters can be subject to high thermal stress during operation.
  • high temperatures such as a result of temporary overload operation or other operation outside of base ratings
  • inner temperatures of the components can reach or exceed critical temperatures.
  • Such systems may be cooled by circulating cool water and/or air through the components in order to absorb heat and reduce the component temperature. Nonetheless, it is desirable to sense the temperature of the component to identify when the component approaches a critical temperature.
  • Document EP 2 431 985 discloses a power electronic device with a cooling system having temperature sensors at selected locations within the device.
  • a power electronic device according to claim 1 is proposed.
  • Electronic drive systems such as those illustrated in FIG. 1 are commonly-used power electronic devices that may control loads such as medium voltage motors. As described above, such systems may use inverters or other power cells 151-153 , 161-163 , 171-173 . In operation, the cells are subject to high thermal stress, due to time-varying power loss. When higher temperatures occur, as in the case of temporary overload operation or other operation outside the cell's base ratings, inner temperatures of these or other power electronic devices components can reach or exceed critical temperatures.
  • the temperature of power electronic devices For long-term reliable operation, it is desirable to monitor the temperature of power electronic devices.
  • Components that may be monitored include, but are not limited to, inductors, transformers and semiconductor devices (IGBT, MOSFET, thyristors, etc.).
  • IGBT inductors
  • MOSFET MOSFET
  • thyristors etc.
  • the large number of temperature measuring locations in a power electronic device creates a challenge because the locations are often at a high voltage potential with respect to ground and to each other. Therefore it is a problem to have power supply and data wires to communicate with the sensors which are in contact with high voltage.
  • these locations are in a powerful electromagnetic environment, caused by large currents containing high harmonics, as well as high alternating voltages.
  • the sensors generate very small electrical signals which could easily be disturbed by the strong electromagnetic fields, which poses yet another challenge.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a system that addresses challenges such as those described above.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the system in the context of a three-phase, medium voltage transformer 201.
  • medium voltage generally refers to voltages that are denoted in the field of power as such. Examples include 1 kilovolts (kv) - 35 kv, 600 volts - 69 kv, 2.4 kv - 39 kv, or any combination of the upper and lower limits of these ranges.
  • the system may be used with other power electronic devices as well.
  • FIG. 1 kilovolts (kv) - 35 kv, 600 volts - 69 kv, 2.4 kv - 39 kv or any combination of the upper and lower limits of these ranges.
  • the system may be used with other power electronic devices as well.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the secondary side of a three-phase, medium voltage transformer including a conductive core 210 and three phases that 211, 212, 213 that each include a set of primary winding and secondary windings 220a ... 220n.
  • a medium voltage transformer any number of secondary windings may be used as conductive elements, such as 15-20 secondaries per phase, each having 5-20 turns each. Other configurations are possible.
  • Some or all of the transformer components may be contained in a housing 240.
  • a cooling system is in fluid communication with the conductive element.
  • the cooling system may have one or more conduits that circulate air, water, or other gas or liquid through the area of the conductive elements.
  • the cooling system for one phase of the transformer includes an inlet conduit 231 and an outlet conduit 233 that are at least partially positioned within the housing 240. Multiple inlet and outlet conduits may be included for each phase.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a system that focuses on one component 213 of the power electronic device, in this case one phase of the transformer.
  • the phase may include a set of conductive coils 213
  • the system includes a cooling unit 301 , and inlet conduit 231 and an outlet conduit 233 .
  • Fluid or gas is cooled by the cooling unit 301 , send to component 213 via the inlet conduit 231 where it absorbs heat.
  • the fluid or gas then returns to the cooling unit 301 via the outlet conduit 233 .
  • Multiple inlet and outlet conduits may be used, each of which returns to the same cooling unit. Alternatively, multiple cooling units may be used.
  • a temperature sensing tag 311a is positioned to contact the outlet conduit 213 and detect the temperature of the outlet conduit. Any number of temperature sensing tags 311a ... 311n may be used, such as one tag for each conduit.
  • the temperature sensing tags may be positioned within the transformer housing, at or very near to the point where the conduit interfaces with the component. The tags may be oriented so that each tags are each positioned along an axis that is substantially perpendicular with that of its neighboring tags, to reduce the risk of arcing.
  • the temperature sensing tags each include a power supply, a temperature sensor, and an antenna so that they can wirelessly send signals corresponding to the sensed temperature to a remote data collection unit.
  • the tags may be of the type known as radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, which serve as passive temperature sensors.
  • the tags may harvest energy from ultra high frequency (UHF) fields, capture the energy and store it in an energy storage device (such as an internal capacitor) for use as a power source.
  • the tag senses the temperature when the storage device's charge reaches a threshold (such as substantially or fully loaded), and then transmit a signal with the sensed temperature along with an identification code for the tag.
  • the power supply for a tag may include an induction coil positioned to harvest magnetic energy from a field near the windings (or other components) when the windings are operational and convert the magnetic energy to a voltage.
  • the power supply may be a thermoelectric device that can generate a voltage due to the temperature differential between a hot outlet tube and air inside an enclosure.
  • the signals from the tags are received by one or more data collection units 350 that are configured to receive signals from the antennae of the temperature sensing tags.
  • Each data collection unit may include a transmitter, a processor, and a memory.
  • the memory may contain programming instructions that, when executed, the processor to send, via the transmitter, a polling signal to one or more of the temperature sensing tags.
  • the polling signal may actuate a response that the data collection unit 350 will receive and use to determine the temperature sensed by the tag.
  • Data communication between the tags and data collection unit may occur by any suitable means.
  • the communication may use radio waves at VHF or UHF frequencies. If so, sensing data and sensor identification data for a tag may be stacked together in a short telegram and sent via the tag's antenna to the transmitter station. All the involved tags/sensors may operate in the same manner and send a data telegram to the data collection unit at periodic intervals, such as every 30 seconds. This may be accomplished by "blind" transmissions, where each tag emits its signal in an uncoordinated manner on a carrier frequency, common for all sensor elements. The repetition rate is may be preset to any suitable time, such as about 30 seconds.
  • the probability for interference between the telegrams could be reduced by arbitrarily choosing small repetition time offsets (added to the basic period while sensor presetting, for instance at assembly time) and another additional small variation per sensor on a cycle by cycle base.
  • the data collection unit may continuously listen for telegrams, identifies the sender of each telegram, and assembles the data in a bundle to be transferred it to an automation/monitoring unit.
  • all the sensor elements may be controlled by the transmission unit. If so, the sensors may not emit any signal until they are interrogated by a message from the data collection unit.
  • the triggers are coordinated to give enough idle time to every sensor to gather and store enough energy to be able to answer on the next request.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Leistungselektronikvorrichtung, umfassend:
    ein Gehäuse (240);
    ein leitfähiges Element (213), das innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet und für wenigstens eine mittlere Spannung ausgelegt ist;
    ein Kühlsystem (301) in Fluidverbindung mit dem leitfähigen Element, wobei das Kühlsystem mehrere Auslassleitungselemente (233) umfasst, die innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet sind;
    mehrere Temperaturmessfühler (311a-311c),
    wobei jeder der Fühler an einer der Auslassleitungen angebracht ist und eine Stromversorgung, einen Temperatursensor und eine Antenne umfasst; und
    eine Datenerfassungseinheit, die einen Empfänger umfasst, welcher dafür ausgelegt ist, Signale von den Antennen der Temperaturmessfühler zu empfangen;
    wobei die Stromversorgungen wenigstens eines der folgenden umfassen:
    eine thermoelektrische Vorrichtung,
    eine Induktionsspule, die derart angeordnet ist, dass sie magnetische Energie aus einem Feld nahe dem leitfähigen Element gewinnt, wenn das leitfähige Element betriebsbereit ist, und die magnetische Energie in eine Spannung umwandelt, und
    eine Antenne, die derart angeordnet ist, dass sie elektromagnetische Energie aus einem Feld nahe dem leitfähigen Element gewinnt, wenn das leitfähige Element betriebsbereit ist, und die elektromagnetische Energie in eine Spannung umwandelt; und
    wobei wenigstens einer der Temperaturmessfühler eine Energiespeichervorrichtung umfasst, die dafür ausgelegt ist, eine Ladung zu speichern, wobei der wenigstens eine der Temperaturmessfühler eine Kennung und Daten, die für eine gemessene Temperatur repräsentativ sind, sendet, wenn die gespeicherte Ladung einen Schwellwert erreicht.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei:
    das leitfähige Element einen Mehrphasentransformator umfasst;
    jede Phase des Transformators mehrere Wicklungen umfasst;
    das Kühlsystem ein Wasserkühlsystem in Fluidverbindung mit wenigstens einer der Wicklungen umfasst.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Datenerfassungseinheit ferner einen Sender, einen Prozessor und einen Speicher, der Programmanweisungen enthält, welche dafür ausgelegt sind den Prozessor anzuweisen, über den Sender ein Abfragesignal an einen oder mehrere der Temperaturmessfühler zu senden, umfasst.
EP13765534.6A 2012-08-15 2013-08-14 Temperaturmesssystem für eine elektronische stromvorrichtung Active EP2885796B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/586,553 US9153375B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2012-08-15 Temperature sensing system for power electronic device
PCT/US2013/054827 WO2014028552A1 (en) 2012-08-15 2013-08-14 Temperature sensing system for power electronic device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2885796A1 EP2885796A1 (de) 2015-06-24
EP2885796B1 true EP2885796B1 (de) 2019-10-30

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EP13765534.6A Active EP2885796B1 (de) 2012-08-15 2013-08-14 Temperaturmesssystem für eine elektronische stromvorrichtung

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US (1) US9153375B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2885796B1 (de)
CN (1) CN104620340B (de)
RU (1) RU2642146C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2014028552A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

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TWI636351B (zh) * 2016-10-26 2018-09-21 哈伯精密股份有限公司 Cooling control device
CN106876114A (zh) * 2017-04-18 2017-06-20 江西明正变电设备有限公司 一种干式变压器
WO2019140643A1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Abb Schweiz Ag Apparatus, system and method for temperature measurement for dry-type transformer
CN112331464A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-02-05 国网上海市电力公司 一种干式空心电抗器的温度检测装置及方法
CN118016413A (zh) * 2024-04-10 2024-05-10 三明伊铂信息技术有限公司 一种大电流磁环电感器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140049880A1 (en) 2014-02-20
RU2015108955A (ru) 2016-10-10
WO2014028552A1 (en) 2014-02-20
CN104620340A (zh) 2015-05-13
CN104620340B (zh) 2017-04-05
EP2885796A1 (de) 2015-06-24
RU2642146C2 (ru) 2018-01-25
US9153375B2 (en) 2015-10-06

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