EP2882797A1

EP2882797A1 - Process for coupled preparation of polysilazanes and trisilylamine

Info

Publication number: EP2882797A1
Application number: EP13730908.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Carl-Friedrich Hoppe; Christian Götz; Hartwig Rauleder; Goswin UEHLENBRUCK
Original assignee: Evonik Industries AG
Current assignee: Evonik Operations GmbH
Priority date: 2012-08-10
Filing date: 2013-06-25
Publication date: 2015-06-17
Also published as: KR20150042196A; DE102012214290A1; WO2014023470A1; TW201422687A; US20150147256A1; JP2015530964A; CN104520353A

Abstract

The invention provides a process for preparing trisilylamine and polysilazanes in the liquid phase, by metering ammonia dissolved in an inert solvent initially in a substoichiometric amount relative to monochlorosilane which is likewise present in inert solvent. The reaction is performed in a reactor in which trisilylamine, formed according to the following equation: 4 NH₃ + 3 H₃SiCl --> 3 NH₄Cl + (SiH₃)₃N, and polysilazanes are formed. The reactor is subsequently decompressed and TSA is removed from the product mixture in gaseous form. The TSA obtained is purified by filtration and distillation and is obtained in high or ultrahigh purity. Subsequently, further ammonia dissolved in inert solvent is metered into the reactor, in the course of which, together with the amount of ammonia introduced beforehand, a stoichiometric excess of ammonia relative to the amount of MCS present beforehand is used. Excess ammonia is subsequently discharged, inert gas is introduced, and the bottom product mixture from the reactor is conducted through a filter unit, removing solid ammonium chloride, and a liquid mixture of polysilazanes and solvent is obtained.

Description

Process for the coupled preparation of polysilazanes and trisilylamine

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of trisilylamine and

Polysilazanes in the liquid phase, by being dissolved in an inert solvent

Ammonia first metered substoichiometrically against monochlorosilane, which is also present in an inert solvent. The reaction is carried out in a reactor in which, in addition to trisilylamine, polysilazanes are formed. The reactor is subsequently expanded and TSA is separated from the product mixture in gaseous form. The resulting TSA is purified by filtration and distillation and obtained in high or highest purity. Subsequently, ammonia dissolved in inert solvent is further metered into the reactor, wherein a stoichiometric excess of ammonia is used together with the previously introduced amount of ammonia in relation to the previously present amount of MCS. Excess ammonia is then vented, inert gas introduced, and the bottoms product mixture from the reactor passed through a filter unit to separate solid ammonium chloride to obtain a liquid mixture of polysilazanes and solvent.

Polysilazanes are polymers with a basic structure of silicon and nitrogen atoms in alternating order. An overview can be found, for example

http: // en. wikipedia. org / wiki / polysilazanes or M. Weinmann, "Polysilazanes" in "Inorganic Polymers", Editors R. De Jaeger and M. Gleria, pp. 371-413.

In the case of polysilazanes, for the most part, each silicon atom is attached to two nitrogen atoms, or each

Nitrogen atom bonded to two silicon atoms, so that they can be described predominantly as molecular chains of the formula [RiR ₂ Si-NR ₃ ] _n . The radicals R 1, R ₂ and R ₃ may be hydrogen atoms or organic radical groups. If only hydrogen atoms as

Substituents are present, called the polymers as perhydropolysilazanes [H ₂ Si-NH] _n . If hydrocarbon radicals are bonded to silicon and / or nitrogen, this is referred to as organopolysilazanes. Polysilazanes are colorless to yellow liquids or solids, going from oily to waxy to glassy, with a density of about 1 kg / l. The average molecular weight can be from a few hundred to more than 100,000 g / mol. Both molecular mass and molecular Macrostructure determine the state of matter and the viscosity. At a molecular weight above 10,000 g / mol, the melting point is 90-140 ° C. High molecular weight perhydropolysilazane [(SiH ₂ ) NH] _x is a siliceous white substance. Polysilazanes age slowly with elimination of H ₂ and / or NH ₃ .

Smaller molecules can be converted to larger molecules by thermal treatment. At temperatures of 100 to 300 ° C, crosslinking of the molecules takes place with elimination of hydrogen and ammonia.

Polysilazanes are used as a coating material and as an ingredient of

High temperature paints of corrosion protection systems. Since these are also good insulators, they are used in the electronics and solar industries. In the ceramics industry, these are used as preceramic polymers. Furthermore, polysilazanes are used for high-performance coating of steel for protection against oxidation. They are sold commercially as a 20% by weight solution.

The preparation of polysilazanes can be carried out from chlorosilanes or hydrocarbon-substituted chlorosilanes and ammonia or hydrocarbon-substituted amines (in addition to ammonia and amines, the reaction can also be carried out with hydrazine). In addition to the polysilazanes formed in the reaction ammonium chloride or hydrocarbon substituted amino chlorides, which must be separated. The reactions are basically spontaneous, exothermic reactions.

In the prior art, the preparation of polysilazanes by the reaction of monochlorosilane, dichlorosilane or trichlorosilane is known in each case with ammonia, wherein the use of monohalosilanes, dihalosilanes or trihalosilanes is possible. This produces perhydropolysilazanes. When using hydrocarbon-substituted educts, the formation of organopolysilazanes is expected. The high molecular weight polysilazanes obtained in the syntheses using dichloro- and trichlorosilanes have a low solubility, so that they can only be separated off poorly from the ammonium chloride which accumulates at the same time. If the reaction of ammonia with Dic is lorsilan instead, directly higher molecular weight polysilazanes are formed, as disclosed in the publications CN 102173398, JP 61072607, JP 61072614, JP 10046108, US 4397828, WO 91/19688, x is in the following

Reaction equation at least 7.

(1) 3 NH ₃ + H ₂ SiCl ₂ -> 2 NH ₄ Cl + [SiH ₂ (NH)] _x

In the reaction of ammonia with trichlorosilane, 3-dimensional spatial structures of the polysilazanes are formed directly according to the following reaction equation.

(2)

Cl- + 3 NHXI

The above-mentioned synthetic routes can be carried out using a solvent. Another possibility is to dose halosilane in liquid ammonia, as provided by the application WO 2004/035475. As a result, the separation of the ammonium halide can be facilitated by the polysilazanes, because the ammonium halide dissolves in the ammonia, while the polysilazanes form a second liquid phase. The liquids can be separated by a phase separation.

In addition to the preparation using halosilanes in a solvent and in liquid ammonia, there are other processes without additional formation of salts. These include the catalytic dehydrocoupling, redistribution reactions, ring-opening polymerizations described elsewhere (M. Weinmann, Polysilazanes, Inorganic Polymers, Editors: R. De Jaeger, M. Gleria, pp. 371-413). These methods are not used on an industrial scale to produce polysilazanes. There is great interest in a commercial production of trisilylamine, N (SiH ₃ ) ₃ . This is not formed in the above implementation routes. Rather, its formation takes place from the reaction of monochlorosilane and ammonia according to equation (3): (3) 4 NH ₃ + 3 H ₃ SiCl -> 3 NH ₄ Cl + (SiH ₃ ) ₃ N

The substance, herein abbreviated to "TSA", is an easily mobile, colorless and easily hydrolysable liquid with a melting point of -105.6 ° C and a boiling point of + 52 ° C. TSA, like other nitrogen-containing silicon compounds, are important substances in the semiconductor industry.

It has long been known to use TSA for the production of silicon nitride layers, described e.g. in the specifications US 4,200,666 and JP 1986-96741. TSA finds particular use in chip fabrication as a layer precursor for silicon nitride or silicon

Silicon oxynitride layers. A special method for the application of TSA discloses the application published under WO 2004/030071, in which it becomes clear that the safe, trouble-free and high-purity constant production of TSA is particularly important for use in chip production. An essay by J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 37 ff., 1966 describes the implementation on a laboratory scale of gaseous monochlorosilane with ammonia to TSA with slow addition of ammonia, wherein at the same time polysilazanes and ammonium chloride occurred. This is the simultaneous

Generation of TSA and polysilazanes in principle known. The large-scale

However, production of both substances has failed due to a number of problems. Thus ammonium chloride precipitates in solid form and already clogs the supply lines of the educts. TSA and polysilazanes can not be separated or produced in the purities required for the markets of interest. In addition, it is not yet possible, the

Adjust the ratio of TSA to the additionally obtained polysilazanes. In addition, ammonia catalyzes vigorous decomposition of the TSA as soon as TSA is in the liquid phase and ammonia is above a certain critical level. The production of TSA and polysilazanes in one and the same process, which goes beyond the laboratory scale, was not possible so far. The object of the invention was therefore to provide a commercially interesting process which synthesizes both products simultaneously, in adjustable amounts, and with complete circumvention of the disadvantages and limitations of the prior art.

This problem has been solved unexpectedly by initially metering substoichiometric ammonia dissolved in an inert solvent with monochlorosilane, which is also present in an inert solvent. The reaction is carried out in a reactor in which, in addition to trisilylamine, according to equation (3), polysilazanes are formed.

The reactor is subsequently expanded and TSA is separated from the product mixture in gaseous form. The resulting TSA is purified by cryogenic filtration and distillation and is obtained in high or highest purity. Subsequently, another in inert

Solvent dissolved ammonia dosed into the reactor, which is used together with the previously introduced amount of ammonia over the previously present amount of MCS, a stoichiometric excess of ammonia. Excess ammonia is then drained, inert gas introduced, and the bottom product mixture from the

Cold reactor passed through a filter unit, wherein solid ammonium chloride is separated, and to obtain a liquid mixture of polysilazanes and solvent.

The invention thus relates to a process for the preparation of trisilylamine and

Polysilazanes in the liquid phase by

(a) monofluorosilane (MCS) in a solvent (L) dissolved in a reactor (1) liquid, wherein the solvent is inert to monochlorosilane, ammonia, TSA and polysilazanes and has a higher boiling point than TSA, and

(b) carrying out the reaction in reactor (1) by passing ammonia (NH ₃ ) into

stoichiometric deficiency with respect to monochlorosilane (MCS) and dissolved in the solvent (L) in the reactor (1) initiates, and

(C) the reactor (1) then relaxed, wherein (c1) passing the product mixture (TSA, L, NH ₄ Cl) from reactor (1) in gaseous form overhead through a distillation unit (2) and collecting it in a container (6), then

(c2) filtered through a cold filter unit (3), wherein solid ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) is separated from the product mixture, and the filtrate from the

Filtration unit (3) in the distillation column (4) leads, in which one separates TSA overhead from the solvent (L), and

(c3) ammonia (NH ₃ ) dissolved in the solvent (L) is introduced into the reactor (1), wherein, together with the amount of ammonia (NH ₃ ) introduced in step (b) in relation to the amount introduced in step (a) MCS a stoichiometric

Excess ammonia is used, and

(c4) venting excess ammonia (NH ₃ ) from the reactor and introducing inert gas into the reactor

Initiating reactor (1), and

(C5) the bottom product mixture (PS, L, NH ₄ Cl) from the reactor (1) cold through a filter unit (5), wherein solid ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) is separated, and a mixture of polysilazanes (PS) and solvent (L) is obtained.

In step (c), the reactor is depressurized in a manner known to those skilled in the art by opening a valve above the liquid in the reactor.

Under cryogenic filtration, a filtration in the temperature range of -60 to 0 ° C is understood. Cold filtration is understood as meaning filtration in the temperature range from -20 to 10 ° C.

The process according to the invention is explained in more detail below. The introduction of ammonia in step (b) is also called initial dosage in the context of the invention. The stoichiometric excess of the ammonia (NH ₃ ) introduced into the reactor (1) in the solvent (L) in the solvent (L) is preferably chosen to be from 2 to 5 mol%. Thus, a catalytic decomposition of TSA by ammonia, which is very violent, avoided. The product mixture obtained during the reaction in the reactor (1) during step (b) contains ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl).

The inert solvent (L) used in the process according to the invention is

preferably selected such that ammonium halides are particularly preferred Ammonium chloride are insoluble therein. This facilitates both the separation of the ammonium halide in step (c1) and the performance of the process in the recovery of perhydropolysilazanes. It is preferable to use an inert solvent which contains neither an azeotrope with TSA nor with those obtained during the performance of the process according to the invention

Polysilazanes forms. The inert solvent should preferably be less volatile than TSA. Such preferred solvents may be selected from pyridine, tetrahydrofuran, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, toluene, xylene and / or dibutyl ether.

Very particular preference is given to using toluene as solvent (L). If monochlorosilane dissolved in toluene is introduced in liquid form in the reactor and ammonia dissolved in toluene is introduced into the reactor

Reactor introduced as shown in FIG. 1, wherein it is preferably mixed or stirred, then prevents monochlorosilane and ammonia already in the supply line of the ammonia react with each other and the supply line clogged by failure of ammonium chloride. Furthermore, TSA is stable in toluene. In addition, ammonium chloride is sparingly soluble in toluene, which facilitates the separation of ammonium chloride by filtration. This has already been described in the earlier patent application DE 10 201 1088814.4, the disclosure content of which is expressly included in the scope of the present invention.

Polysilazanes are also stable in toluene.

Furthermore, toluene is used to dilute the reactor solution and to record the reaction enthalpy.

It may be advantageous in the process according to the invention to use the solvent (L), preferably toluene, in a volumetric excess to monochlorosilane (MCS).

Preferably, a volume ratio of the liquids solvent to monochlorosilane from 30: 1 to 1: 1, preferably from 20: 1 to 3: 1, more preferably from 10: 1 to 3: 1 set. At volume ratios in the range of 3: 1 to 1: 1, however, the benefits are lower. This excess causes a strong dilution of monochlorosilane, and this in turn increases the yield of TSA. Another advantage of using L in a volumetric excess of monochlorosilane (MCS) is that the concentration of ammonium chloride in the reaction solution is reduced, thereby facilitating reactor agitation and depletion. Excessive excesses, eg above 30: 1, however, worsen the space-time yield in the reactor.

It is preferable to fill the reactor to carry out the reaction preferably up to 99%, more preferably from 5 to 95%, particularly preferably from 20 to 80% of the reactor volume with reaction mixture of the starting materials and of the solvent.

Advantageously, the reaction of the reaction mixture in the reactor at a temperature of -60 to +40 ° C, preferably at -20 to +10 ° C, more preferably -15 to +5 ° C, most preferably -10 to 0 ° C. The reaction can be carried out at a pressure of 0.5 to 15 bar, in particular at the pressure which is established under the given reaction conditions. The resulting polysilazanes (PS) are chlorine-containing to a small extent. The majority of polysilazanes, however, is chlorine-free. Thus, they are perhydropolysilazanes.

The reaction is preferably carried out under protective gas, for example nitrogen and / or a noble gas, preferably argon, and in the absence of oxygen and water, in particular in the absence of moisture, wherein the present system is preferably dried before the first filling operation and flushed with protective gas.

Furthermore, in the reaction in the reactor by the introduction of liquid monochlorosilane dissolved in the solvent substantially the vapor / liquid equilibrium pressure of a corresponding mixture of monochlorosilane, the resulting trisilylamine and, to a small extent, the polysilazanes in the solvent. Ammonia does not affect the vapor / liquid equilibrium pressure as long as ammonia abreacts upon introduction with the existing monochlorosilane.

Following the reaction, step (c), the reactor is depressurized. Preferably, in the process according to the invention, the distillate obtained after step (c2) can be filtered cryogenic by means of filter unit (3), solid ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) being separated from the distillate, and this filtrate from the filter unit (3) into the

Distillation column (4) leads, in which TSA is separated overhead from the solvent (L). The advantage is that TSA is achieved with a purity of 99.9% by weight. Most preferably, the step is carried out by means of a further filter unit and distillation unit, which is not shown in FIG.

The polysilazanes present in the reactor (1) may contain chlorine. To these still present in the reactor polysilazanes in completely chlorine-free polysilazanes, preferably

To convert perhydropolysilazanes, ammonia dissolved in L is metered in in step (c3) in order to allow chlorine, which is still slightly bound to the polysilazanes, to reactivate. This introduction is also called second dosing in the context of the invention. The preferred stoichiometric excess of ammonia compared to the originally used amount of MCS is in the range from 5 to 20 mol%.

Subsequent to the second metering, perhydropolysilazanes are contained, which preferably have a molecular weight of 100 to 300 g / mol. The invention obtained

Product mixture may also have novel Perhydropolysilazane for which there are no CAS numbers. Exemplary structural formulas are shown in Table 1.

The introduction of inert gas in step (c4) purges excess NH ₃ from the reactor volume. Preferred inert gas is argon.

In step (c5), the bottom product mixture, which still contains perhydropolysilazanes having a molecular weight of up to 300 g / mol, toluene and ammonium chloride, is passed cold from the reactor (1) through a filter unit (5), solid ammonium chloride being separated from the product mixture , The advantage associated with the use of MCS in step (a) is that the filtration of ammonium chloride to separate from the perhydropolysilazanes with a molecular weight of up to 300 g / mol is easily possible. A filtration of

Ammonium chloride for the separation of polysilazanes with significantly higher molecular weights would not be completely successful, but is unnecessary in the process according to the invention, since polysilazanes with significantly higher molecular weights than 300 g / mol arise only if Dichlorosilane and / or trichlorosilane instead of or in addition to MCS in step (a) would be submitted.

As a further embodiment of the process according to the invention, the solvent can be evaporated off from the mixture of polysilazanes and solvent by distillation in order to increase the proportion of polysilazanes in the mixture. Thereafter, the concentrated solution by any solvent, preferably dibutyl ether, resume and thus adjust a concentration that is adapted to commercial needs. For example, a 2% strength by weight solution can be increased to 10% by weight and then diluted again to 5% by weight using dibutyl ether. This embodiment of the method according to the invention allows the change of the solvent and / or the provision of mixtures of polysilazanes and a plurality of, at least two solvents. Likewise, the concentration of the polysilazanes obtained according to the invention can be adjusted in a targeted manner, for example after an inaccurate distillation.

The process according to the invention can be carried out batchwise or continuously. If the process is carried out continuously, it is advantageous to use recirculation possibilities of components known to the person skilled in the art.

The invention likewise provides a system for the reaction of at least the reactants monochlorosilane (MCS) in a solvent (L) and ammonia in the liquid phase to form a product mixture comprising trisilylamine and polysilazanes

a reactor (1) with the feeds for the components ammonia,

Monochlorosilane and solvents (L), and

an outlet for product mixture (TSA, L, NH ₄ CI), which in a reactor (1) downstream distillation unit (2) and a container (6) opens, with a conduit to

a filter unit (3) is equipped, the at least one

Solid outlet for NH ₄ Cl and

another conduit for transferring the filtrate, which in a distillation column (4) opens, which is equipped with an outlet over head for TSA and a discharge for solvent (L) from the sump, and a discharge from the reactor sump for the bottom product mixture (PS, L,

NH ₄ Cl), which are in

- A downstream filter unit (5) opens, at least one

Solid outlet for NH ₄ CI and another line for the transfer of the

Filtrates consisting of polysilazanes and solvents.

The plant according to the invention provides TSA and polysilazanes in a highly pure quality. If, in the process according to the invention, the distillate obtained after step (c2) is filtered repeatedly cryogenic by means of a filter unit and repeatedly distilled by means of a distillation column, then the plant according to the invention can be equipped with a further filter unit and another

Be equipped distillation unit, which may be connected behind the distillation column (4).

The system according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. The reference symbols mean

1 reactor

2 distillation unit

3 filter unit

4 distillation column

5 filter unit

6 Containers The plant parts according to the invention which come into contact with the substances used according to the invention are preferably made of stainless steel and can be cooled or heated in a controlled manner.

Example 1.

Into a 5 l stirred autoclave with cooling and heating mode purged with inert gas were introduced 2800 ml of toluene and then 432 g of monochlorosilane. The solution was cooled to -15 ° C. Within a period of 6 h, the dosage of 140 g of ammonia was carried out in a toluene feed of 180 ml / h into the solution. The temperature rose to -7 ° C during dosing. The pressure increased during the dosage from 2 bar to 2.5 bar.

Subsequently, the reactor was depressurized via a valve, a pressure of 0.5 bar was set and the agitator autoclave was heated to 86.degree. By means of a connected

Distillation unit was distilled off of 133 g TSA with portions of toluene and small amounts of ammonium chloride. By filtration and subsequent distillation, TSA was first obtained, which was then again filtered through the same apparatuses (3) and (4) and distilled to obtain TSA with a purity of 99.9 wt .-%.

Subsequently, the dosage of 30 g of ammonia in a toluene feed of 180 ml / h was carried out for 1 h in the reactor. Temperature and pressure remained constant during dosing. Subsequently, excess ammonia was discharged from the reactor and inert gas introduced into the reactor.

The solution of polysilazanes, toluene and ammonium chloride in the stirred autoclave was drained off and filtered. By GC-MS analysis followed by structure elucidation perhydropolysilazanes were detected whose structural formulas Table 1 shows. Example 2.

1000 ml of toluene and then 228 g of monochlorosilane were introduced into a 5 l stirred autoclave with cooling and heating mode purged with inert gas. The solution was cooled to -14 ° C. Within a period of 3 hours, the dosage of 74 g of ammonia in a toluene feed of 180 ml / h was in the solution. The temperature rose to 2 ° C during dosing. The pressure fell during the dosage of 2.3 bar to 1, 9 bar.

After the expansion of the reactor, a pressure of 0.5 bar was set and the

Agitator autoclave heated to 88 ° C. By means of a connected distillation unit was distilled off of 76 g of TSA with toluene and small amounts of

Ammonium chloride. By filtration and subsequent distillation, TSA was first obtained, which was then again filtered or distilled through (3) and (4), whereby TSA was obtained with a purity of 99.9 wt .-%. Subsequently, a dosage of 16 g of ammonia in a toluene feed of 180 ml / h was carried out for 0.5 h in the reactor. Temperature and pressure remained constant during dosing. Subsequently, excess ammonia was discharged from the reactor and inert gas introduced into the reactor.

The solution of polysilazanes, toluene and ammonium chloride in the stirred autoclave was drained off and filtered. By GC-MS analysis with subsequent structure elucidation were perhydropolysilazanes with the structural formulas listed under Table 1

demonstrated.

Table 1.

Claims

claims

Process for the preparation of trisilylamine and polysilazanes in the liquid phase by

(b) carrying out the reaction in reactor (1) by passing ammonia (NH ₃ ) into

(C) the reactor (1) then relaxed, wherein

(d) the product mixture (TSA, L, NH ₄ Cl)

from reactor (1) passes overhead in gas through a distillation unit (2) and traps in a container (6),

subsequently

(c2) filtered through a cold filter unit (3), wherein solid ammonium chloride

(NH ₄ Cl) is separated from the product mixture, and man

the filtrate from the filter unit (3) in the distillation column (4), in which TSA is separated overhead from the solvent (L), and

(c3) Ammonia (NH ₃ ) dissolved in the solvent (L) in the reactor (1)

initiating a stoichiometric excess of ammonia with the amount of ammonia (NH ₃ ) introduced in step (b) compared with the amount of MCS introduced in step (a), and

(c4) venting excess ammonia (NH ₃ ) from the reactor and introducing inert gas into the reactor (1), and

(c5) the bottoms product mixture (PS, L, NH ₄ Cl) from the reactor (1) cold through a filter unit (5), wherein solid ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) is separated,

and a mixture of polysilazanes (PS) and solvent (L) is obtained.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stoichiometric excess of the ammonia (NH ₃ ) introduced into the reactor (1) in the solvent (L) in step (b) is from 2 to 5 mol%.

Method according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein as solvent (L) toluene is used.

Method according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the solvent (L) in a volume excess to

Monochlorosilane (MCS) is used.

Method according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the reaction in reactor (1) at a temperature of -60 to

+40 ° C.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

the distillate obtained after step (c2) is filtered cryogenic by means of a filter unit (3), solid ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl) being separated from the distillate, and this filtrate is passed from the filter unit (3) to the distillation column (4) TSA is separated overhead from the solvent (L).

Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein

in step (c3) a stoichiometric excess of ammonia of 5 to 20 mol% is used.

Plant for the implementation of at least the reactants monochlorosilane (MCS) in one

Solvent (L) and ammonia in the liquid phase to form a

Product mixtures containing trisilylamine and polysilazanes, comprising

- A reactor (1) with the feeds for the components ammonia, (MCS) and (L), and

an outlet for product mixture (TSA, L, NH ₄ Cl), which enters a reactor (1) downstream distillation unit (2) and a container (6) opens, which with a line to

a filter unit (3) is equipped, the at least one

Solid outlet for NH ₄ Cl and

a further line for the transfer of the filtrate, which opens into a distillation column (4), which is equipped with an outlet over head for TSA and a discharge for solvent (L) from the sump, and a discharge from the reactor sump for the bottom product mixture (PS, L, NH ₄ Cl), which in

- A downstream filter unit (5) opens, at least one

Solid outlet for NH ₄ CI and another line for the transfer of the filtrate consisting of polysilazanes and solvent.