EP2881521A1 - Scaffold and vertical frame for a scaffold - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical frame (10) for a scaffold. The vertical frame (10) comprises at least two vertical struts (11) and at least one horizontal strut (12). Between the horizontal strut (12) and the vertical strut (11) at least one diagonal strut (13) is provided. The diagonal strut (13) is made of a hollow profile, which has a cross section with different axial dimensions. A second outer dimension of the cross section of the diagonal strut (13) is smaller than a first outer dimension of the diagonal strut (13). The diagonal strut (13) is fixed to the horizontal strut (12) and to the vertical strut (11) such that the longer dimension is substantially perpendicular to a plane spanned between the horizontal strut (12) and vertical strut (11).

Description

The present invention relates to a scaffold, a vertical frame for a scaffold and a scaffold floor for a scaffold and a method for its production.

Various types of scaffolds are known in the art. In particular, modular scaffolding for facades, which can be set up in a modular design. Such scaffolding consists essentially of vertical frames that are inserted into each other and scaffold floors that are placed between vertical frames. In order to stabilize such scaffoldings, cross-connections between vertical frames are also provided in many places, which serve as railings. The known in the prior art items of such scaffolds have a high weight and are expensive to manufacture.

It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a framework and a vertical frame for a scaffold and a scaffold floor for a scaffold and a method for its production are to be provided, which have a low weight and are easy to manufacture.

This object is achieved by the devices defined in the independent claims. Further embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a vertical frame for a scaffold. Such a vertical frame comprises at least two and preferably exactly two vertical struts. It further comprises at least one, preferably two and more preferably exactly one horizontal strut. In the inventive use of the vertical frame, the two vertical struts are connected in their upper region by an upper horizontal strut. Between the upper horizontal strut and the vertical strut at least one diagonal strut is provided. The diagonal strut is fixed in each case with one of its ends on the horizontal strut respectively on the vertical strut. The diagonal strut is made of a hollow profile, wherein the hollow profile has a cross section with different axial external dimensions. The cross section has at least two outer dimensions. The second outer dimension of the cross section of the diagonal strut is smaller than a first outer dimension of the diagonal strut. The diagonal strut is fixed to the horizontal strut and the vertical strut such that the longer first outer dimension is substantially perpendicular to a plane defined between the horizontal strut and the vertical strut.

A hollow profile has high torsional and bending stiffness. By setting the diagonal brace between the horizontal and vertical braces, the structural strength of the vertical frame is increased. An alignment of the longer outer dimension perpendicular to the plane also increases the clear width of the vertical frame. The production is also facilitated.

Preferably, the first outer dimension of the cross section of the diagonal strut corresponds substantially to one of the outer dimensions of the cross sections of the horizontal strut or the vertical strut.

For example, if horizontal strut and vertical strut unequal cross section or have different outer dimensions, the outer dimension of the diagonal strut can correspond to one of the two outer dimensions of the horizontal strut or the vertical strut. In particular, it is also possible that the Horizontal strut and vertical strut have cross-sections, which are equipped with a wall thickness. The outer dimension of the diagonal strut may correspond, for example, to the horizontal or vertical strut minus the respective wall thicknesses as a result of the outside dimension. However, it is also possible that the outer dimension of the diagonal strut corresponds to the outer dimension of the horizontal or vertical strut plus the wall thicknesses of the diagonal strut.

If the external dimensions are carried out accordingly, favorable conditions result both for the course of the force and for the production. Differences in the dimensions of the height of individual wall thicknesses can be bridged during manufacture, for example, with the weld and aligned with each other.

Preferably, the diagonal strut has a rectangular cross-section.

However, it is also conceivable that the diagonal strut has a cross section which has a polygonal outline. For example, five or six corners are conceivable. An oval configuration is also conceivable.

Such cross sections allow the use of commercially available tubes or commercially available semi-finished products.

Preferably, the vertical strut and / or the horizontal strut is also made of a hollow profile. Preferably, the hollow profile may be a round tube. Square tubes and cross sections as described above are also possible.

Hollow profiles favor the weight optimization of such vertical frame. In addition, they can be purchased as rod products, the measurements are within a tight manufacturing tolerance. This allows a high reproducibility and accurate statements about the strength of such vertical frame. By hollow profiles, a vertical frame can also be designed in particular such that individual vertical frame can be designed pluggable with little effort.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a vertical frame, in particular a vertical frame as described herein. Preferably, the vertical frame is designed such that the horizontal strut has a smaller wall thickness than the vertical strut.

A smaller wall thickness of the horizontal strut favored the weight balance positive. The vertical frame can be optimized in terms of weight and strength in a desired range.

Preferably, the vertical strut and / or the horizontal strut is made of a hollow profile and particularly preferably made of a round tube. Other cross-sections, as described herein, are also conceivable, the advantages as already described hereinbefore being mentioned.

The vertical strut is preferably made of a material having a yield strength Re, more preferably having an upper yield strength ReH of at least 320 MPa.

Additionally or alternatively, the horizontal strut may have a yield strength Re of at least 460 MPa and / or the diagonal strut may have a yield strength Re of at least 320 MPa. Vertical frames made from materials with higher yield strength can be made from lighter weight elements. Thinner wall thicknesses are conceivable.

In a preferred embodiment, the horizontal strut is made of S460MC.

S460MC has a yield strength Re of at least 460 MPa according to the standard. This is of particular advantage, since profiles and in particular hollow profiles and round tubes are already available as a semi-finished product from this material.

Horizontal struts made of this material make it possible to use thinner profiles than in the prior art.

The horizontal strut preferably has a wall thickness of less than or equal to 2.7 mm. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the wall thickness is less than or equal to 2mm.

Higher strength steels with lower wall thicknesses favor the weight budget while still providing strength.

For the manufacture of the vertical frame in particular all connections of the individual struts are designed as welded joints.

Thus, vertical frames can be completely finished in a single process step, which has a positive influence on the process reliability. Weld connections are particularly durable and allow a full connection of the individual elements with each other.

Another aspect relates to a scaffold floor for a scaffold. Such a scaffold floor comprises at least one longitudinal member and a bottom plate. Connecting elements for connection to a vertical frame are also provided. The bottom plate is made of a light metal and the side member made of a different metal, especially steel.

A combination of different metals allows optimization in terms of weight and strength. For structurally highly stressed components, such as the side members, steel is preferably used, since this has a higher strength than, for example, a light metal. Preferably, the light metal from which the bottom plate is made, aluminum. However, aluminum alloys or other light metals are also conceivable.

Light metals are metals which have a density substantially less than 5 g / cm 3, preferred materials are, for example, aluminum, magnesium, titanium and their alloys, the alloy constituents being not limited to light metals.

Preferably, the side member and the bottom plate are fixed to each other by clinching.

Punching, also referred to as clinching, makes it possible to join materials of different types. Depending on the components to be joined or the material properties of the components to be joined, a punch or a die with matched cross-sections can be used for the clinching. For example, round or square cross sections for the punch and the die are conceivable. Another advantage of push-through joining is also that create structures that can increase the slip resistance.

However, it is also conceivable to weld the side members to the bottom plate, to glue or to connect with rivets. The clinching as well as the rivet joining has an improved fatigue strength because such joints are less prone to notching. If the individual parts are connected to one another by welding, further steps or a change in the joining technique can be dispensed with. If the different parts are glued together, the burden on the individual parts in the manufacturing process is further reduced, since neither a material conversion nor a processing or removal of material is necessary.

It is also conceivable to combine the aforementioned joining methods. In particular, the combination of clinching with an adhesive bond or a riveted joint with an adhesive bond is advantageous.

In a preferred embodiment, the scaffold floor on a second side member, wherein the side members are fixed on both sides of the bottom plate.

Scaffolding floors typically have an elongated extent. If longitudinal members are fixed on both sides to a scaffold board, they are arranged substantially on both sides on a longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal beams may be both frontally attached to the bottom plate, but also at least partially transverse to the longitudinal axis under or over the bottom plate in the inventive use ,

The scaffold floor can thus be constructed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis.

Between both sides of the bottom plate fixed side members further longitudinal members may be provided to contribute depending on the length of the bottom plate and the scaffold floor for additional strength of the scaffolding floor. In particular, the longitudinal members also impart a spatial structure to the scaffold floor, wherein spatial structures can accommodate in particular higher bending moments and are consequently advantageous in terms of strength.

Preferably, the longitudinal members provided on both sides of the bottom plate are made of steel. But it is also conceivable that all side members are made of steel. More preferably, all the longitudinal members are fixed by clinching on the bottom plate.

The scaffold floor may have a frontal profile. Face profiles allow the inclusion of the fasteners. In particular, a positive connection between the connecting elements and the end profile can be provided. Positive connections favor the force curve.

Another aspect relates to a scaffold floor comprising at least one longitudinal beam, a bottom plate, a frontal profile and connecting elements for connection to a preferably described as vertical frame. The front profile is made of a light metal. The longitudinal beam or the bottom blade is made of a different material and preferably made of steel. It is also conceivable that both the bottom plate and the longitudinal beam from the same, for Material of the front profile of different material are made.

The end profile is preferably made of aluminum or one of its alloys. The advantages of such light metals are mentioned here.

Since face profiles must absorb high forces and moments, profiles with large material thicknesses and / or cross-sections are preferably used. By using a light metal weight can be saved.

The end profile can be at least connected to the side members of the bottom plate fixed side members and preferably welded. It is preferably connected to all longitudinal members and in particular welded.

Such welds can be made by special methods known to those skilled in the art.

Preferably, the connecting elements are connected to the end profile. It may be provided a positive connection. In a preferred embodiment, the connecting elements are welded to the end profile. However, it is also conceivable to carry out the end profiles in one piece, wherein the connecting elements are already integrated in the end profiles.

Fasteners welded to the face profile allow for free placement of fasteners during manufacturing.

The connecting elements may be made of a light metal and in particular of aluminum or one of its alloys.

In a preferred embodiment, the bottom plate may have a structure for increasing the stability. By beading or bending the moment of inertia of the bottom plate and / or the whole scaffolding floor is increased. In addition, beads or bends have a positive influence on increasing the rigidity. In particular, raised beads can also contribute to increasing the slip resistance.

To increase the slip resistance may also be provided to provide the bottom plate with an additional covering, for example, rubber or quartz sand.

The longitudinal profiles may also have a structure for increasing the stability and in particular beads or bends. As described herein, inertial momentum and stiffness can be positively influenced by such structures.

The longitudinal profiles, in particular the longitudinal profiles defined on both sides of the floor panel, preferably have a shape for creating an ergonomic profile, which facilitates the carrying of the framework floor. The longitudinal profiles preferably have a taper in their cross section.

The taper may be formed as a dent, which is preferably formed transversely to the longitudinal direction or the longitudinal axis. In the inventive use of the scaffold floor, the indentation has a convex shape from the perspective of the longitudinal axis.

The worker or fitter can now intervene in a kind of undercut to support the framework. Such an undercut makes carrying a scaffolding floor more comfortable and safer.

Preferably, the undercut is designed such that no angular edges arise, but the part of the cross section of the longitudinal members, which are provided for carrying or for gripping the scaffold floor, are provided with radii. Preferably, the longitudinal member has a rounded undercut, which extends with respect to a virtual rectangular cross section of the longitudinal member at an angle between 10 ° and 60 °, preferably between 20 ° and 45 ° and particularly preferably between 25 ° and 35 °.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to a scaffold, in particular a facade scaffold. The framework comprises at least one vertical frame as described herein. The framework thus becomes lighter overall. This means a relief for the workers / scaffolders. It is also possible to load transport vehicles with more elements, since the total weight of the van is achieved only with a higher number of individual elements.

A further aspect relates to a method for producing a scaffold floor, in particular a scaffold floor, which comprises at least one longitudinal member and a base plate. The bottom plate is connected to the side member by clinching.

A production of scaffold floors comprising different materials is thereby made possible or facilitated. Preferably, with a further step, an end profile is additionally welded to the longitudinal members. This allows higher strength in highly stressed parts. In addition, a full connection of the side members to the front profiles is possible.

Figur 1:

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Vertikalrahmens;

Figur 2:

eine Schnittansicht aus Figur 1;

Figur 3:

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Gerüstbodens;

Figur 4:

einen Querschnitt durch den Gerüstboden aus Figur 3

Figur 5:

eine Detailansicht des Gerüstbodens mit einem Verbindungselement;

Figur 6:

eine perspektivische Detailansicht des Gerüstbodens

On the basis of figures, which represent only embodiments, the invention will be explained in more detail below. Show it:

FIG. 1:

An embodiment of a vertical frame according to the invention;

FIG. 2:

a sectional view FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3:

a perspective view of a scaffold floor;

FIG. 4:

a cross section through the scaffold floor FIG. 3

FIG. 5:

a detailed view of the scaffolding floor with a connecting element;

FIG. 6:

a detailed perspective view of the scaffolding floor

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an inventive vertical frame 10. The frame comprises two vertical struts 11, which are presently designed as a round tube. In the upper area a horizontal strut 12 is shown, which is connected on both sides with the vertical struts 11 and is welded in the present example. Shown are also two rectangular diagonal struts 13, which is welded to a respective vertical strut 11 and the horizontal strut 12.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through the diagonal strut FIG. 1 along the line AA. The diagonal strut 13 is made of a formed rectangular profile and welded to the vertical strut 11. Its cross section is slightly smaller than the outer dimension of the vertical strut 11.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a scaffold floor 20. The presently shown scaffolding floor 20 has a bottom plate 22. The bottom plate 22 is fixed via clinch connections 26 to longitudinal members 21. There are end profiles 23 on the front side of the longitudinal members 21. Fastening elements 24 are fastened to the end profiles 23. The end profiles 23 are welded to the longitudinal profiles 21. The connecting elements 24 have with the end profiles 23 a positive connection and are additionally welded to the end profiles (see also FIG. 5 ).

FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the scaffold floor 20 of Figure 3. At the bottom plate 22, two outer side members 21a and two inner side members 21b are set with clinch connections 26 on the bottom plate. The bottom plate 22 also has beads 25. In the present example, the beads 25 are only in the areas of the bottom plate 22, which are located between the longitudinal members 21. However, it is also conceivable that 21 beads are provided in the region of the longitudinal beams. The middle two longitudinal members 21b also have beads 25. These beads 25 serve to give the scaffold floor increased rigidity. The both sides of the bottom plate 22 with clinch connections 26 fixed side members 21 consist of two shaped metal profiles. The two longitudinal members 21 are presently made of steel. The two outer longitudinal members 21 have recesses on the side facing them, which in the present case have the shape of an undercut. These recesses have an ergonomic shape and favor the carrying of the scaffolding floor 20.

FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of the scaffold floor 20 with a connecting element 24. The connecting element 24 is connected via a positive connection with a front profile 23. Along the connection, the end profile 23 may be welded to the connecting element 24. The end profile 23 is fixed to the longitudinal member 21 and welded in the present case. It is also conceivable that the bottom plate 22 projects beyond the end profile to its end. Clinching connections would also be conceivable here.

FIG. 6 shows a perspective detail view of the scaffolding floor. The longitudinal profile 21 butts flush against the end profile 23. The bottom plate 22, which is fixed by clinch 26 on the longitudinal profile 21, also butts against the end profile 23. In addition, in the lower part in the drawing, relative to the bottom plate, clinch connections between the end profile 23 and the longitudinal member 21 may be provided.

Claims (11)

Vertical frame (10) for a framework (100) comprising at least two and preferably exactly two vertical struts (11) and at least one, preferably two horizontal struts (12),
wherein the two vertical struts (11) in use according to the invention are connected in their upper region by an upper horizontal strut (12),
wherein between the upper horizontal strut (12) and a vertical strut (11) at least one diagonal strut (13) is provided, which diagonal strut (13) is fixed with one end to the horizontal strut (12) and the vertical strut (11),
wherein the diagonal strut (13) is made of a hollow profile having a cross section with different axial dimensions,
wherein a second outer dimension of the cross section of the diagonal strut (13) is smaller than a first outer dimension and the diagonal strut (13) is fixed to the horizontal strut (12) and the vertical strut (11) such that the first dimension is substantially perpendicular to a first dimension between the horizontal strut (12) and vertical strut (11) spanned plane is arranged. Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2
characterized in that
the first outer dimension of the cross section of the diagonal strut substantially corresponds to one of the outer dimensions of the cross sections of the horizontal strut (12) or the vertical strut (11). Vertical frame (10) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the diagonal strut (13) has a rectangular cross-section. Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the vertical strut (11) and / or the horizontal strut (12) is made of a hollow profile, in particular a round tube. Vertical frame (10) for a framework (100), in particular according to claim 1, comprising at least two and preferably exactly two vertical struts (11) and at least one, preferably two horizontal struts (12),
wherein the two vertical struts (11) in use according to the invention are connected in their upper region by the horizontal strut (12),
wherein between the horizontal strut (12) and vertical strut (11) at least one diagonal strut (13) is provided, which diagonal strut (13) is fixed with one end to the horizontal strut (12) and the vertical strut (11),
wherein the horizontal bar (12) has a smaller wall thickness than the vertical bar (11). Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that
the vertical strut (11) and / or the horizontal strut (12) is made of a hollow profile, in particular a round tube. Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that
the vertical strut (11) made of a material with a yield strength Re, in particular an upper yield strength ReH of at least 320 MPa and / or the horizontal strut (12) has a yield strength Re of at least 460 MPa and / or the diagonal strut (13) has a yield strength Re of at least 320 MPa. Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the horizontal strut (12) is made of S460MC. Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that the horizontal strut (12) has a wall thickness less than or equal to 2.7mm, preferably less than or equal to 2mm. Vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9,
wherein all connections of the individual struts (11, 12, 13) are designed as welded joints. Scaffolding, in particular facade scaffolding,
full
at least one vertical frame (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

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