EP2881509B1 - Crosslapper - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cross-stacker for forming a nonwoven fabric from several layers of batt.

For the production of multi-ply nonwovens carding machines are usually used with subsequent stackers. In the carding machines fiber flocks are fed on the inlet side, which are dissolved up to the individual fiber and output on the outlet side as an unconsolidated textile fabric, the batt.

The cross-stacker transports the batt on a discharge belt arranged at 90 ° to the inlet direction and deposits the batt in a predetermined laying width in several layers on the outlet belt. The resulting nonwoven fabric can be solidified in a subsequent needle machine. The relation of the infeed speed of the crosslapper to the outfeed speed of the outfeed belt determines the stratification to be achieved, that is to say the number of layers of batt in the "nonwoven" fabric to be delivered. The continuously tapered batt in laying width is deposited on the 90 ° to the Faserfloreinlaufrichtung arranged outlet conveyor, wherein in the outlet direction an accretive sheet "fleece" is extended from the stacker. The corresponding relation between the entry speed of the batt into the crosslapper and the corresponding exit speed of the exit belt gives appropriate to the structural property of the incoming fiber web the corresponding Fleece thickness and thus determines the structural property of the stacked Einzelflore. In the outlet direction of the outlet conveyor, the nonwoven fabric grows over the set fiber pile width. At the depositing point, the batt stored in the laying carriage is always deposited as a single layer on the outlet conveyor. Due to the subsequent stacking of further fibrous webs, the outlet belt usually has a sloping tendency in the outlet direction, so that the total surface of the resulting web should form a horizontal plane as possible. Since the outlet conveyor is mounted with a sloping slope fixed in the outlet direction, it is very inflexible with respect to different nonwoven thicknesses, ie in the number of layered fibrous webs. When depositing minimal fibrous webs on the inclined discharge belt, the tapered edge of the web at the break point for the nonwoven edge in the open becoming gusset by force fit can not be sufficiently fixed, whereby the resulting web edge and the corresponding distance of the fibrous web edge is deformed. Furthermore, due to the inclined outlet belt results in an odd deposition of the batt, whereby oblique fleece edges arise, resulting in consequence to a non-uniform over the width of the web surface profile, since the edges of the formed web fall off.

The DE 20 2007 009 305 U1 describes the outlet region of a cross-stacker, wherein the discharge belt is arranged obliquely below the laying carriage and subsequently has a pivotable extension region. This is also followed by an obliquely arranged and pivotable trigger table. This is a memory to be formed in order to allow a uniform as possible further transport of the fabric produced by the following deduction table.

In the EP 2175056 A1 is a fixed endless circulating transport means disclosed, which is arranged horizontally under the laying carriage. This means of transport runs discontinuously due to the reciprocating speed of the laying carriage. With the means of transport a despatch conveyor belt is connected, which can sag after the end of the means of transport, as storage for different speeds.

Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a cross-over, with the minimum pile positions on the outlet belt precise storage of the batt is possible.

The invention solves the problem by the teaching of claim 1; Further advantageous features of the invention are characterized by the subclaims.

According to the technical teaching according to claim 1, the cross-stacker for forming a nonwoven fabric from several layers Fiberboard comprises at least one band that promotes the batt from the inlet region of the cross stacker to a laying nip of a laying carriage, the laying carriage deposits the batt on a discharge belt.

The invention is characterized in that the outlet conveyor has means to form a horizontal section at least in the region of the depositing point of the fibrous web on the outlet conveyor belt.

The batt is thus always stored on a parallel plane to the covering bands, which form the laying carriage with the laying rollers. There is a controlled storage of the incoming batt, it being ensured that neither the Faserflorkante nor the nonwoven edge is deformed by decreasing adhesion between Fibor, levers and outlet conveyor the fleece transport from the open in the exit direction gusset. Due to the fact that the batt on a parallel Level is deposited to the covering tapes, the resulting fleece receives straight edges and remains wrinkle-free
In an advantageous embodiment, at least after the storage of the first layer of batt, the discharge belt has a sloping section arranged downstream of the horizontal section in the exit direction. The already laid down in the discharge direction batt forms a backing for at least a portion of the just laid down batt, which is thus placed at least partially through the horizontal section and through the already deposited layers of batt horizontally on the outlet conveyor.
The invention further provides that the means have an adjustment device with which the size of the horizontal section can be varied in the outlet direction at least in the area of the depositing point of the fibrous web. The size or width of the horizontal section can hereby be adjusted so that depending on the layers to be laid, the horizontal section can become larger or smaller. If the resulting fleece is very thin and thus cover only small layers of batt, the horizontal section is chosen to be larger, up to the width of the batt. If the resulting web should be thicker, which cover more layers of batt, the horizontal section is chosen smaller because the deposited layers of batt at least partially compensate for the tendency of the discharge belt and thus form a horizontal plane. It is thus possible to start with a large horizontal section at the beginning of web formation and to reduce the horizontal section with each new layer of batt until the web thickness is reached. The starting process can hereby be automated and optimized.
A further improvement is achieved in that the means are pivotable about a pivot point. Thus, the support of the Outlet tape in the area that forms the horizontal section to be set very accurately.

A preferred embodiment provides that the means consist of a roller, a sheet, a linkage or a deflection, with which the discharge belt is at least partially supported to form the horizontal portion. In essence, various constructive variants can be selected, with which the outlet conveyor is supported in the region of the horizontal section, and on which the outlet conveyor can slide.

A further embodiment of the invention provides that the outlet belt is pivotable about a pivot point. This can stand horizontally at the first filing of the batt, the outlet belt and tend with each new deposited layer of batt at the angle α. At the same time, the horizontal section can increase or decrease, depending on the thickness of the web to be formed or depending on the layered layers of batt.

It may be advantageous to arrange the pivot point in the region of an upper deflection roller. This avoids that the distance of the outlet belt changes from the laying gap in a larger area.

Advantageously, the adjustment is manually, semi-automatically or automatically actuated. With a manual adjustment device, a low-cost solution can be created for large and consistent production volumes. A semi-automatic setting device makes sense with changing production quantities and qualities. A fully automatic adjustment device may be part of a control device in conjunction with a profile cross-section measuring system.

Figur 1:

Eine schematische Darstellung eines Kreuzlegers;

Figur 2:

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Kreuzlegers;

Figur 3:

eine Darstellung eines Auslauftisches nach dem Stand der Technik;

Figur 4:

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Auslauftisches;

Figur 5:

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Auslauftisches;

Figur 6:

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Auslauftisches.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a possible schematically illustrated embodiment. Show it:

FIG. 1:

A schematic representation of a crosslapper;

FIG. 2:

a perspective view of a crosslapper;

FIG. 3:

a representation of a discharge table according to the prior art;

FIG. 4:

a first embodiment of an outlet table according to the invention;

FIG. 5:

A second embodiment of an outlet table according to the invention;

FIG. 6:

a third embodiment of an outlet table according to the invention.

In the FIGS. 1 and 2 is exemplary and only schematically illustrated the principle of a cross-stacker 1. From a carding machine, not shown, the batt 3 is transported to an infeed conveyor 2 of a cross-stacker 1. Within the cross stacker 1 an upper carriage is arranged, in which in this illustration only one guide roller 6 can be seen. Furthermore, the stacker 1 has a laying carriage, of which a laying roller 10 for a counter-belt 13 and a laying roller 9 for the inlet belt 2 are shown. Between the laying roller 10 of the counter belt 13 and the laying roller 9 of the inlet belt 2, the so-called laying gap 11 is arranged, from which the batt 3 exits and is deposited on a arranged below the laying carriage discharge belt 15. Both laying rollers 9, 10 assume the direction of travel depending on the task to store the batt 3 orthogonal to the previous direction on a arranged below the laying carriage outlet conveyor 15 and thereby fold. For this moves the carriage in the horizontal direction permanently back and forth over a preset width.

The infeed belt 2 is deflected in this embodiment by a first and second guide rollers 4, 5 and a guide roller 6 of the upper carriage. Above the inlet belt 2, a shroud 7 may be arranged, which is guided in this illustration to a guide roller 8, a guide roller 6 of the upper carriage and a further guide roller 12. Both bands 2, 7 may be designed as endless belts, which are driven on at least one further deflection roller, not shown. Other constructive variants in which the laying carriage does not interact with the infeed belt 2 but with a further belt are possible and known.

The infeed belt 2 and the shroud 7 do not run parallel in this exemplary embodiment, but form an acute angle open to the carding machine, in which the fiber web 3 is pulled in and slightly compressed. The batt 3 is guided around the deflection roller 6 of the superstructure around, wherein the shroud 7 is discharged laterally by means of the guide roller 12. In exactly the other direction of the batt 3 is transported because it is guided around the guide roller 6 of the superstructure by 180 ° and stored on a below the infeed belt 2 arranged parallel counter-belt 13. The opposing belt 13 and the infeed belt 2 cling or guide the fiber web 3 together now to the laying nip 11, which is formed essentially from the distance between the two laying rollers 9 and 10 of the laying carriage. The batt 3 emerges from the laying nip 11 and is laid on a discharge belt 15 arranged below the laying nip 11. The carriage then moves permanently in a horizontal reciprocating direction (arrow) across the width of the outlet conveyor 15, on which the batt 3 is deposited and thereby folded.

The infeed belt 2, the shroud 7 and the counter belt 13 can be designed as endless belts, wherein the shroud 7 and the counter belt 13 may be designed to be permeable to air in order to remove entrained air. An inexpensive embodiment is the use of a perforated tape. A preferred embodiment is the use of a screen belt.

In order to achieve a distortion or a compression of the batt 3, the laying carriage speed can be increased or decreased relative to the entry speed of the batt. That is, the laying rollers 9 and 10 move in a horizontal reciprocating direction faster or slower.

Both the inlet belt 2 as well as the shroud 7 have the same direction for the batt 3 and usually the same speed. To a certain extent, the fiber orientation at the surface can be affected in relation to the neutral fiber of the sliver if both belts 2, 7 are operated at slightly different speeds.

In FIG. 3 an outlet conveyor 15 is shown, whose top is inclined in the outlet direction 14 by the angle α. The inclination is fixed and corresponds to a given fleece thickness. On the outlet conveyor 15 several layers Fibrous (3a-3g) are shown in shortened width to simplify the invention. The last laid layer of fibrous web 3g lies partly on the underlying layer of fibrous web 3f and this in turn partly on the underlying fibrous web 3g. The outflow speed of the outlet belt 15 is set in this embodiment in relation to the bobbin feed speed so that three layers of fiber web (3g, 3f, 3e, or 3f, 3e, 3d, and 3e, 3d, 3c, etc.) partially cover. The resulting fabric fleece thus has the threefold thickness of a simple layer of batt. It can be seen from this drawing that the first deposited layer of fiber web 3a is deposited at an angle α by the laying carriage on the outlet belt 15. Only the third layer of batt 3c is deposited approximately horizontally on the outlet belt 15. In this approximately horizontal depositing is the first 1/3 of the width of the batt on the inclined discharge belt 15. The remaining 2/3 of the width of the batt are raised by the underlying layers of batt and thus lie almost horizontally. In the process of laying carriage in the first two layers of batt 3a, 3b arise odd web edges, which are undesirable. If now the number of layers of batt increases or decreases, each layer of batt placed is deposited at an angle on the discharge belt 15, which is not horizontal, or not parallel to the belts 2 and 13. The break points of the batt, which at the same time the edge form of the nonwoven, so are not just so that an uneven surface profile of the web to be produced arises. In this prior art embodiment, the surface of the discharge belt inclined at the angle α forms a fully inclined portion 15b.

In FIG. 4 a first embodiment of the invention is shown. The upper side of the outlet conveyor 15 is arranged horizontally and thus forms an overall horizontal section 15a, so that a first layer of batt 3a can be deposited on the outlet conveyor 15 without disturbances. As in FIG. 3 also shown, the outlet conveyor is guided by at least three, in this embodiment, four non-designated pulleys. In the embodiment of FIG. 4 is an upper guide roller 16 designed as a fulcrum for the entire outlet conveyor 15. Around this pivot point, the outlet belt 15 can be pivoted at an angle α. Thus, the inclination of the discharge belt 15 can be changed with increasing number of layers Fibrous. Under the Surface of the outlet belt 15, a roller 17 is arranged, which is connected via a lever 18 with the guide roller 16. The roller 17 has, together with the deflection roller 16, the task of at least partially holding the storage area of the fiber pile 3a on the discharge belt 15 in a horizontal position. The distance between the roller 17 and the guide roller 16 is variable to adjust the coverage of the layers Fibrous. This ensures that exactly the width of the layer Fibrous 3a is placed horizontally on the outlet belt 15, which does not cover the previous layers Fibrous. The vertical position of the roller 17 is adjustable by being pivotable about the pivot point of the guide roller 16 in a small area.

In FIG. 5 A further layer of fibrous web 3b was deposited on the first layer of fibrous web 3a. In this case, the outlet belt 15 has rotated about the guide rollers and transported the batt 3 a in the outlet direction 14. So that the further layer of batt 3b is not stored on a discharge belt 15 with opposite inclination due to the already lying layer of fiber web 3a, the discharge belt 15 was pivoted about the pivot point of the guide roller 16 by the angle α. Since in this embodiment the batt is deposited with a half overlap, the roller 17 has been displaced in the direction of the guide roller 16. This results in the situation that the surface of the discharge belt 15 forms a horizontal portion 15a or plane between the roller 17 and the guide roller 16, and in the discharge direction 14 has a subsequent inclined portion 15b which is inclined by the angle α. According to the number of layers of batt and their coverage, the distance between the guide roller 16 and the roller 17 can be varied, so that the horizontal portion 15a is thus larger or smaller. The batt thus always becomes on a parallel plane to the covering Bands 2 and 13, which form the laying carriage with the laying rollers 9, 10, stored on the outlet conveyor 15.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6 are deposited significantly more layers of batt, as in the embodiment of FIG. 5 , Thus, the angle α has become larger, but the distance between the roller 17 and the guide roller 16 is smaller than in the FIG. 5 , It can be seen that the last layer of fibrous web 3g is laid horizontally, part of the horizontal tray being formed by the horizontal portion 15a of the discharge belt 15, and the other part by the already laid layers of fiber webs 3f and 3e, which in turn are deposited by previously deposited webs Layers of fibrous pile are supported.

Under horizontal tray or horizontal portion 15a of the discharge belt is not to be understood as the absolute horizontal orientation, but a largely parallel position to the belts 2 and 13, which together with the laying rollers 9, 10 form the laying carriage, in turn, the batt on the outlet belt Offset 90 °.

Instead of adjustable in the outlet direction 14 and adjustable over the lever 18 at the pivot point of the guide roller 16 in height roller 17 of the horizontal portion 15a can also be prepared by an adjustable plate, linkage or a deflection over which the discharge belt 15 slides.

Alternatively, it is also possible, the outlet belt 15 fixed at a preset angle α, that is not adjustable to mount, and the horizontal portion 15 a exclusively on the pivotable and adjustable roller 17 to produce. For this purpose, the outlet conveyor 15 requires on the bottom only a larger Leertrum than in the FIGS. 3 to 6 shown.

reference numeral

1

stacker

2

infeed conveyor

3

batt

4

first deflecting roller

5

second guide roller

6

Guide roller uppercarriage

7

shroud

8th

deflecting

9

put roller

10

put roller

11

laying gap

12

deflecting

13

against band

14

exit direction

15

discharge conveyor

15a

horizontal section

15b

inclined section

16

idler pulley

17

roller

18

lever

α

Inclination of the outlet conveyor

Claims (9)

1. A cross-lapper for producing a nonwoven from several layers of fibre web, comprising at least one belt, which conveys the fibre web (3) from the entry area of the cross-lapper (1) as far as to a laying gap (11) of a laying carriage, wherein the laying carriage deposits the fibre web onto a discharge belt (15), wherein the discharge belt (15) includes means for forming a horizontal portion (15a) at least in the area of the deposit point of the fibre web (3) on the discharge belt (15), characterized in that the means include an adjusting device, by means of which the size of the horizontal portion (15a) is variable at least in the area of the deposit point of the fibre web (3) in the discharge direction (14).
2. The cross-lapper according to claim 1, characterized in that, at least after depositing the first layer of fibre web, the discharge belt (15) includes an inclined portion (15b), in discharge direction (14), disposed downstream the horizontal portion (15a).
3. The cross-lapper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means are pivotable about a point of rotation.
4. The cross-lapper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means consist of a roll (17), a plate, an arm assembly or a deflection, by means of which the discharge belt (15) is at least partially supported for forming the horizontal portion (15a).
5. The cross-lapper according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge belt (15) is pivotable about a point of rotation.
6. The cross-lapper according to any of the preceding claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the point of rotation is disposed in the area of an upper deflection roller (16), by means of which the discharge belt (15) is at least partially supported.
7. The cross-lapper according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device is manually, partially manually or automatically operable.
8. The cross-lapper according the claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the roll (17) is attached to the point of rotation via a lever (18).
9. The cross-lapper according to claim 6, characterized in that the point of rotation is attached at or in the area of the deflection roller (16).

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