EP2880265A1 - Aube mobile de turbine - Google Patents

Aube mobile de turbine

Info

Publication number
EP2880265A1
EP2880265A1 EP13756579.2A EP13756579A EP2880265A1 EP 2880265 A1 EP2880265 A1 EP 2880265A1 EP 13756579 A EP13756579 A EP 13756579A EP 2880265 A1 EP2880265 A1 EP 2880265A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
stilt
low pressure
foot
pressure turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13756579.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2880265B1 (fr
Inventor
Raphaël DUPEYRE
Josserand Bassery
Vincent François BOULAY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA Services SA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA Services SA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA Services SA
Publication of EP2880265A1 publication Critical patent/EP2880265A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2880265B1 publication Critical patent/EP2880265B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/301—Cross-sectional characteristics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape
    • F05D2250/71—Shape curved

Definitions

  • the field of the invention relates to the field of moving blades of a turbomachine low pressure turbine.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a particular arrangement of the foot of a moving blade of low pressure turbine.
  • a moving blade 1 of a low-pressure turbine is formed by three assemblies: a lower part called the foot 10, an upper part called the heel 20 and a central part formed by the blade 30.
  • the foot 10 of the moving blade 1 is composed of three functional elements:
  • a stilt 1 1 ensuring the connection between the blade and the foot 10; a bulb 12 providing the mechanical connection between the moving blade and a turbine rotor disc:
  • Stilt 1 1 is an important part of the foot 10 because it provides the mechanical connection between the blade 30 and the foot 10 which is secured to the rotor disc, it is therefore the seat of significant mechanical stresses.
  • the low pressure turbine blades have stilts having substantially a rectilinear shape which corresponds to the shape of the upper part of the bulb (ie the upper part of the dovetail).
  • stilts having substantially a rectilinear shape which corresponds to the shape of the upper part of the bulb (ie the upper part of the dovetail).
  • such stilts do not meet the mechanical requirements.
  • stilts called curvilinear stilts, taking the shape or more precisely the profile of the blade, so as to ensure the maximum overlap between the stilt 1 1 and the blade 30 or more exactly between the profile of the cross section of the stilt 11 and the profile of the cross section of the blade 30.
  • the invention aims to provide a blade low pressure turbine blade lightened compared to the blades of the state of the art and which allows to withstand the imposed mechanical stresses.
  • the invention proposes a low-pressure turbine blade having a blade and a blade having an upper surface and a lower surface, said foot having a stilt connecting the blade to the foot; said blade being characterized in that said stilt is formed so that the cross-section of said stilt presents: a first rectilinear part, a second curvilinear part and a third rectilinear part, said curvilinear part presenting an external face corresponding to the profile of the extrados of said blade and an inner face corresponding to the profile of the underside of said blade.
  • said rectilinear portions are located on either side of said curvilinear portion.
  • the lengths of the different parts are adjusted according to the desired mechanical characteristics.
  • said curvilinear portion is defined so that the cross section of the curvilinear portion is superimposed on the cross section of the base of the blade with an overlap greater than 95%.
  • each of said parts of the stilt has a constant thickness.
  • the invention also relates to a low pressure turbine comprising a plurality of blades according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 described above illustrates a moving blade of a low pressure turbine.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a sectional view, along a transverse section plane, of a mobile blade stilt according to the invention.
  • FIG 3 illustrates a superposition of the section shown in Figure 2 with the section along a transverse sectional plane parallel to the transverse sectional plane of the stilt, the blade of the blade according to the invention.
  • the stilt 11 has a cross section that breaks down into three distinct parts: a first part 14 which is rectilinear;
  • the curvilinear portion 15 is located between the two rectilinear portions 14 and 16. Each of the portions 14, 15, 16 having a constant thickness.
  • the geometrical shape of the shackle 1 1 of the blade according to the invention has a curvilinear portion 15 which matches a portion of the profile 35 of the base of the blade 30 of the blade shown in dashed lines in Figure 3.
  • the base of the blade the portion of the blade connected to the stilt.
  • the two profiles are identical, that is to say that the outer face 18 of this curvilinear portion 15 has the same profile as the extrados 31 of the base of the blade 30 (shown in FIG. Figure 1) and that the inner face 17 has the same profile as the underside of the base of the blade 30 ( Figure 1).
  • this portion 15 has the same thickness as the base of the corresponding blade 30 so that the two profiles are found superimposed.
  • the lengths of the different parts 14, 15 and 16 of the stilt 11 may be variable and adapted depending on the desired mechanical characteristics. Indeed, it is possible to increase the proportion of the curvilinear portion 15 to the detriment of the rectilinear portions 14, 16 if the foot 10 of the blade must withstand the mechanical constraints imposed. Thus, the different lengths can be modulated and optimized according to the desired weight / strength ratio. For example, the shape of the stilt 11 is determined by successive iterations by means of a CAD model and thermomechanical calculations.
  • the stilt 11 is thus developed so that the curvilinear portion 15 has an overlap with the cross section of the blade 30 of at least 95% and preferably 100%.
  • a total overlap of the order of 65 to 75% between the section of the blade and the section of the stilt allows to obtain sufficient mechanical strength for an application in the field of low pressure turbines while having a gain in mass.
  • the profile of the stilt presents:
  • a first rectilinear portion 14 having a length of 2 mm;
  • curvilinear portion 15 having at the extrados profile a rope length of 10 mm, and at the intrados profile a rope length of 8 mm;
  • a third rectilinear portion 16 having a length of 4 mm at the extrados face and a length of 6 mm at the intrados face.
  • the thickness of the stilt profile is constant and equal to 2 mm.
  • the stilt has a recovery rate of 85% with the base of the blade.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet une aube mobile (1) de turbine basse pression présentant un pied (10) et une pale (30) présentant un extrados (31) et un intrados (32), ledit pied (10) présentant une échasse (11) reliant la pale (30) au pied (10) : ladite aube (1) étant caractérisée en ce que ladite échasse (11) est formée de sorte que la section transversale de ladite échasse présente : une première partie rectiligne (14), une deuxième partie curviligne (15) et une troisième partie rectiligne (16), ladite partie curviligne (15) présentant une face externe (18) correspondant au profil de l'extrados (31) de ladite pale (30) et une face interne (17) correspondant au profil de l'intrados (32) de ladite pale (30).

Description

AUBE MOBILE DE TURBINE
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L'INVENTION
Le domaine de l'invention est relatif au domaine des aubes mobiles d'une turbine basse pression de turbomachine.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un arrangement particulier du pied d'une aube mobile de turbine basse pression.
ARRIÈRE PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE DE L'INVENTION
Classiquement, tel qu'illustré à la figure 1 , une aube mobile 1 de turbine basse pression est formée par trois ensembles : une partie inférieure appelée le pied 10, une partie supérieure appelée le talon 20 et une partie centrale formée par la pale 30.
Le pied 10 de l'aube mobile 1 est composé de trois éléments fonctionnels :
- une échasse 1 1 assurant la liaison entre la pale et le pied 10 ; - un bulbe 12 assurant la liaison mécanique entre l'aube mobile et un disque de rotor de turbine :
- des becquets 13 réduisant les fuites de manière à maximiser le rendement de la turbine basse pression.
L'échasse 1 1 est une partie importante du pied 10 car elle assure la liaison mécanique entre la pale 30 et le pied 10 qui se retrouve solidaire du disque du rotor, elle est par conséquent le siège d'importantes contraintes mécaniques.
Classiquement, les aubes mobiles de turbine basse pression présentent des échasses ayant sensiblement une forme rectiligne qui correspond à la forme de la partie supérieure du bulbe (i.e. la partie supérieure de la queue d'aronde). Toutefois, dans certaines configurations géométriques, notamment en présence de pales de forme complexe, de telles échasses ne permettent pas de répondre aux exigences mécaniques requises.
Dans de telles situations, il a été développé des échasses, dites échasses curvilignes, reprenant la forme ou plus exactement le profil de la pale, de manière à assurer le maximum de recouvrement entre l'échasse 1 1 et la pale 30 ou plus exactement entre le profil de la section transversale de l'échasse 1 1 et le profil de la section transversale de la pale 30.
Le développement de ce type de configuration d'échasse a permis d'uniformiser les contraintes dans cette partie de l'aube mais a contribué à l'augmentation de masse des aubes et par conséquent de la turbine basse pression. On comprend bien qu'une augmentation de masse de quelques grammes sur une aube mobile a pour conséquence d'augmenter la masse de plusieurs kilos au niveau de la turbine entière qui comporte une pluralité d'étages, chaque étage étant formé par plusieurs centaines d'aubes mobiles.
DESCRIPTION GÉNÉRALE DE L'INVENTION
Dans ce contexte, l'invention vise à proposer une aube mobile de turbine basse pression allégée par rapport aux aubes mobiles de l'état de la technique et qui permet de supporter les contraintes mécaniques imposées. A cette fin, l'invention propose une aube mobile de turbine basse pression présentant un pied et une pale présentant un extrados et un intrados, ledit pied présentant une échasse reliant la pale au pied ; ladite aube étant caractérisée en ce que ladite échasse est formée de sorte que la section transversale de ladite échasse présente : une première partie rectiligne, une deuxième partie curviligne et une troisième partie rectiligne, ladite partie curviligne présentant une face externe correspondant au profil de l'extrados de ladite pale et une face interne correspondant au profil de l'intrados de ladite pale.
Grâce à l'invention, la masse de la turbine est réduite tout en conservant de bonnes résistances mécaniques. Avantageusement, lesdites parties rectilignes sont situées de part et d'autre de ladite partie curviligne.
Avantageusement, les longueurs des différentes parties sont ajustées en fonction des caractéristiques mécaniques désirées. Ainsi, il est possible de modifier la longueur de la partie curviligne par rapport aux parties rectilignes de manières à améliorer davantage les caractéristiques mécaniques du pied.
Avantageusement, ladite partie curviligne est définie de manière à ce que la section transversale de la partie curviligne se trouve superposée à la section transversale de la base de la pale avec un recouvrement supérieur à 95%. Avantageusement, chacune desdites parties de l'échasse présente une épaisseur constante.
L'invention a également pour objet une turbine basse pression comportant une pluralité d'aubes mobiles selon l'invention.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lumière de la description qui suit et en référence aux figures dont la liste est donnée ci-dessous.
BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES
La figure 1 décrite précédemment illustre une aube mobile d'une turbine basse pression.
La figure 2 représente schématiquement une vue en coupe, selon un plan de coupe transversal, d'une échasse d'aube mobile selon l'invention.
La figure 3 illustre une superposition de la section représentée à la figure 2 avec la section selon un plan de coupe transversal parallèle au plan de coupe transversal de l'échasse, de la pale de l'aube selon l'invention.
DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE DE MODES DE RÉALISATION DE L'INVENTION En référence à la figure 2, l'échasse 1 1 présente une section transversale se décomposant en trois parties distinctes : - une première partie 14 qui est rectiligne ;
- une deuxième partie 15 qui est curviligne ;
- une troisième partie 16 qui est de nouveau rectiligne.
La partie curviligne 15 est située entre les deux parties rectilignes 14 et 16. Chacune des parties 14, 15, 16 présentant une épaisseur constante.
Comme illustré à la figure 3, la forme géométrique de l'échasse 1 1 de l'aube selon l'invention présente une partie curviligne 15 qui épouse une partie du profil 35 de la base de la pale 30 de l'aube représenté en pointillés sur la figure 3. On entend par la base de la pale, la partie de la pale raccordée à l'échasse. Au niveau de partie curviligne 15, les deux profils sont identiques, c'est-à-dire que la face externe 18 de cette partie curviligne 15 présente le même profil que l'extrados 31 de la base de la pale 30 (illustré à la figure 1 ) et que la face interne 17 présente le même profil que l'intrados de la base de la pale 30 (figure 1 ). Avantageusement cette partie 15 présente la même épaisseur que la base de la pale 30 correspondante de sorte que les deux profils se retrouvent superposés.
Les longueurs des différentes parties 14, 15 et 16 de l'échasse 1 1 peuvent être variables et adaptées en fonction des caractéristiques mécaniques recherchées. En effet, il est possible d'augmenter la proportion de la partie curviligne 15 au détriment des parties rectilignes 14, 16 si le pied 10 de l'aube doit résister davantage aux contraintes mécaniques imposées. Ainsi, les différentes longueurs sont modulables et à optimiser en fonction de rapport poids/résistance souhaité. Par exemple la forme de l'échasse 1 1 est déterminée par itérations successives au moyen d'un modèle CAO et de calculs thermomécaniques.
L'échasse 1 1 est ainsi développée de manière à ce que la partie curviligne 15 ait un recouvrement avec la section transversale de la pale 30 d'au moins 95% et avantageusement de 100%. A titre d'exemple, un recouvrement total de l'ordre de 65 à 75% entre la section de la pale et la section de l'échasse permet d'obtenir une robustesse mécanique suffisante pour une application dans le domaine des turbines basse pression tout en présentant un gain de masse.
Selon un exemple de réalisation dans le domaine des turbines basses pression, le profil de l'échasse présente :
- une première partie rectiligne 14 présentant une longueur de 2 mm ;
- une partie curviligne 15 présentant au niveau du profil extrados une longueur en corde de 10 mm, et au niveau du profil intrados une longueur en corde de 8 mm ;
- une troisième partie 16 rectiligne présentant une longueur de 4 mm au niveau de la face extrados et une longueur de 6 mm au niveau de la face intrados.
L'épaisseur du profil de l'échasse est constante et égale à 2 mm. Ainsi, avec un tel profil, l'échasse présente un taux de recouvrement de 85% avec la base de la pale.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
Aube mobile (1 ) de turbine basse pression présentant un pied (10) et une pale (30) présentant un extrados (31 ) et un intrados (32), ledit pied (10) présentant une échasse (1 1 ) reliant la pale (30) au pied (10) : ladite aube (1 ) étant caractérisée en ce que ladite échasse (1 1 ) est formée de sorte que la section transversale de ladite échasse présente : une première partie rectiligne (14), une deuxième partie curviligne (15) et une troisième partie rectiligne (16), ladite partie curviligne (1 5) présentant une face externe (18) correspondant au profil de l'extrados (31 ) de ladite pale (30) et une face interne (17) correspondant au profil de l'intrados (32) de ladite pale (30).
Aube mobile (1 ) de turbine basse pression selon la revendication précédente caractérisée en ce que lesdites parties rectilignes (14, 16) sont situées de part et d'autre de ladite partie curviligne (15).
Aube mobile (1 ) de turbine basse pression selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que la longueur de la partie curviligne (15) est ajustée en fonction des caractéristiques mécaniques souhaitées.
Aube mobile (1 ) de turbine basse pression selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que ladite partie curviligne (15) est définie de manière à ce que la section transversale de la partie curviligne (15) se trouve superposée à la section transversale de la pale (30) avec un recouvrement supérieur à 95%.
5. Aube mobile (1 ) de turbine basse pression selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce que chacune desdites parties (14, 15, 16) présente une épaisseur constante.
6. Turbine basse pression de turbomachine caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une pluralité d'aubes mobiles (1 ) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5.
EP13756579.2A 2012-08-03 2013-07-19 Aube mobile de turbine Active EP2880265B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1257602A FR2994211B1 (fr) 2012-08-03 2012-08-03 Aube mobile de turbine
PCT/FR2013/051748 WO2014020258A1 (fr) 2012-08-03 2013-07-19 Aube mobile de turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2880265A1 true EP2880265A1 (fr) 2015-06-10
EP2880265B1 EP2880265B1 (fr) 2019-07-17

Family

ID=47427358

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13756579.2A Active EP2880265B1 (fr) 2012-08-03 2013-07-19 Aube mobile de turbine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US9920632B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2880265B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104520537B (fr)
BR (1) BR112015002350B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2880829C (fr)
FR (1) FR2994211B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2642948C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014020258A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3017649B1 (fr) * 2014-02-18 2021-10-15 Snecma Aube mobile pour organe de turbomachine
FR3085992B1 (fr) 2018-09-14 2020-12-11 Safran Aircraft Engines Aube de roue mobile de turbine comportant un pied de forme curviligne
FR3127018A1 (fr) * 2021-09-14 2023-03-17 Safran Aircraft Engines Aube mobile pour turbine de turbomachine, présentant une conception améliorant l’étanchéité des cavités inter-aubes
FR3145186A1 (fr) 2023-01-23 2024-07-26 Safran Aircraft Engines Cale pour rotor de turbomachine, ensemble de rotor et turbomachine associes

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2880829A1 (fr) 2014-02-06
EP2880265B1 (fr) 2019-07-17
FR2994211A1 (fr) 2014-02-07
CN104520537B (zh) 2020-01-17
US9920632B2 (en) 2018-03-20
CN104520537A (zh) 2015-04-15
CA2880829C (fr) 2020-06-09
US20150218950A1 (en) 2015-08-06
BR112015002350A2 (pt) 2017-07-04
RU2642948C2 (ru) 2018-01-29
BR112015002350B1 (pt) 2021-11-16
FR2994211B1 (fr) 2018-03-30
WO2014020258A1 (fr) 2014-02-06
RU2015107176A (ru) 2016-09-27

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