EP2873925A1 - Anordnung zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts und Verfahren zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts - Google Patents

Anordnung zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts und Verfahren zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2873925A1
EP2873925A1 EP20130192996 EP13192996A EP2873925A1 EP 2873925 A1 EP2873925 A1 EP 2873925A1 EP 20130192996 EP20130192996 EP 20130192996 EP 13192996 A EP13192996 A EP 13192996A EP 2873925 A1 EP2873925 A1 EP 2873925A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistive load
arrangement
power
resistive
electric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20130192996
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2873925B1 (de
Inventor
Sorin Tcaciuc
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrolux Appliances AB
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Electrolux Appliances AB
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Publication date
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Priority to EP13192996.0A priority Critical patent/EP2873925B1/de
Publication of EP2873925A1 publication Critical patent/EP2873925A1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0258—For cooking
    • H05B1/0261—For cooking of food
    • H05B1/0263—Ovens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/087—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of electric circuits regulating heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/62—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces
    • H05B3/64—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces using ribbon, rod, or wire heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/035—Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/037—Heaters with zones of different power density

Definitions

  • household power supplies referring to a single-phase electric power, commonly have three wired contacts at each outlet, and are generally used within the kitchen environment.
  • the life wire or the phase carries alternating current between the power supply and the appliance and it can have positive or even negative values over time.
  • the neutral wire or the null wire completes the electrical circuit by carrying alternating voltage between the power supply and the appliance in the same known manner and has symmetrically negative respectively positive values in the same given period.
  • the neutral wire is connected to the ground in order to have the same electrical potential as the earth.
  • the neutral wire prevents the power circuit of the appliance from rising beyond the earth voltage reference.
  • the ground wire or the earth ground connects the housing of the appliance with the lowest voltage value. It is theoretically and generally considered to have a voltage value equal to zero as being the reference voltage value for the protection against an electric shock. Because the neutral wire of the electrical supply system is often connected to the earth, the ground and the neutral wires have a close meaning of understanding.
  • the wire used to connect to a system the neutral voltage is also used for the grounding of an appliance.
  • the alternating current carried on the ground wire can result in dangerous voltages appearing on the housing of the metallic parts that are exposed to the external parts of a household appliance so that the installations of such wiring arrangements are very carefully selected and defined in all the regulations in force as main scope to protect the user when the appliance is in use.
  • the neutral wire is intended to have the same voltage to each of the other circuit wires that are considered as line wires, as well as it was aforementioned.
  • the voltage value which is zero corresponds to the earth potential of the neutral wire and is widely adopted as reference in calibration and measurement of instantaneous, effective or continuous voltages that carry the alternating currents in the electric circuit.
  • such a power supply represents a means for voltage transfer that provides the needed energy to run any household appliance in safe conditions.
  • the actual electric power system is able to provide a unique voltage level that is defined by a maximum voltage, be it positive or negative, and the reference, in order that the electrical components of the electric appliance are to comply to a range of such voltage levels in order to be operated safely and according to the manufacturer's specifications.
  • the document US 4,196,330 discloses a combination oven fully utilizing the current-supplying capability of a power source.
  • the circuit disclosed there requires the presence of a zero crossing device to trigger both triacs that are used in the circuit arrangement to drive a microwave oven and corresponding electrical resistance heating means.
  • the invention is based on the problem to provide a simple arrangement to supply a resistive load of a household appliance.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention provides a very simple configuration to drive two different resistive loads with main power by providing circuitry that unsymmetrically feeds at least one resistive load with a maximum of every second half-wave of the alternating current.
  • no additional power-conditioning circuitry is required, in particular circuitry to change the frequency of the alternating current provided by the mains power.
  • a circuit comprises a diode.
  • a simple electrical circuit can be provided that fulfills the purpose of reliably providing power in a quantified manner to at least one of two resistive loads.
  • the diode is arranged parallel to a resistive load. In this manner, flexible circuitry can be provided.
  • the diode is mounted serially to the resistive load. In this manner, a flexible minimum configuration for only supplying one half-wave of an alternating current depending on the prefix of the current and the direction of the mounting of the diode is facilitated.
  • the electric loads are mounted in parallel. In this manner, a flexible electrical circuit arrangement for supplying both resistive loads can be provided.
  • a further electric load is accommodated in the arrangement.
  • an even improved temperature and power control in a household appliance can be achieved by utilizing three different resistive heating elements.
  • two e.g. different diodes are provided in the circuit.
  • a more flexible power control in the presence of three resistive loads in an electric household appliance can be provided.
  • only a single diode may be provided in the presence of three resistive loads in order to further simplify the circuit arrangement according to the present invention, while at the same time providing flexibility in power control of the resistive loads.
  • the diodes are arranged in reverse order regarding their polarity and the respective resistive load they are connected to. In this manner, in an easy fashion, voltage of a different polarity can be switched through to a respective resistive load.
  • one resistive load is a grill because usually a grill of a household appliance possesses a high thermal output and can thus be used to efficiently control the heat in an oven.
  • a resistive load is implemented as a top heater of an oven.
  • efficient power control of a top heater of an oven of a kitchen appliance can be realized.
  • one of the resistive loads is a bottom heater of an oven of a kitchen appliance.
  • a circuit arrangement can be flexibly applied to all possible arrangements of heaters of a kitchen oven.
  • a diode is arranged switchable in order to be able to provide further flexibility in the presence of one or more diodes in the arrangement according to the present invention.
  • an alternating current fed to a kitchen arrangement can be controlled to supply at least two different resistive loads in a very efficient manner.
  • a heater has two heating elements 300 and 400 which can be considered as a resistive load of an arrangement according to the present invention.
  • voltage diagram 100 shows two different voltage curves 110 and 120 with a positive prefix and two other 130 and 140 with a negative prefix. Accordingly, the alternating currents 110 and 140 can be supplied, for instance, to the heating element 300, and the alternating currents 120 and 130 can be provided to the heating element 400.
  • a second diagram 200 the power is shown.
  • the power 210 associated to the currents 110 and 120 with a positive prefix is the same as the power associated to the current with the negative prefix 130 and 140.
  • the power distributed to a single or more heating elements, in this case heating elements 300 and 400 is in balance, because it has the same value for the voltage with the positive prefix and the voltage with the negative prefix.
  • the power provided by the mains can be considered to be the imaginary sum of two voltages delivered by the same two imaginary power lines in which these power lines are connected in different electric configurations, so that these are able to run effectively an alternating current through at least a resistive load in which the first one S+ can deliver pulses to an electric load, pulses that alternate in time under the same frequency as well as S- that have the same maximum positive values of voltage and have a sinusoidal shape, a sinus form.
  • the second one S- can deliver negative pulses to an electric resistive load, pulses that alternate in the same frequency as S+ that have the same maximum negative values of voltages, current and have a sinusoidal shape.
  • the sinusoidal voltage pulses of both power lines are matching to the 50% on, 60% off-rule, in the same manner as well as a square-wave signal generator can be put in such an operating mode. Permanently, when the power line S+ is on, the power line S- is off and vice versa. Thus, they operate with a phase shift of a half-cycle to each other. Both power lines S+ respectively S- that have a common reference that isn't used directly in order to distribute the power to a dissipation resistive load, such a power delivers a power at 100% level.
  • Both power lines S+ respectively S- with respect to each other are permanently in a parallel configuration, and each of these operates in a serial configuration with respect to a respective resistive load so that these have a common reference that is used directly in order to distribute the power to a resistive load.
  • Such an electrical configuration delivers 50% of the electric power to the same resistive load.
  • the electric power lines S+ and S- may exist independently under the constraint to be installed only in a serial circuit to such a resistive load which has e.g. a notation CR.
  • a technical procedure is revealed that is applicable on a range of household appliances designed for cooking purposes and is not limited in the uses on the electric appliance that only have resistive heaters.
  • Especially the concept of the present invention offers a different approach in using an electric appliance, especially containing an electrically heated oven.
  • an arrangement according to the embodiments of the present invention ensures the usage of heating elements that have a high power to be run at a predefined lower power level without requiring complex devices such as electric, electromechanic or electronic means or modules or without a functional mode that involves a control unit that is defined by an operating algorithm. It represents a very efficient technical solution that is easy to implement, technically simple and low-cost. Comparable to an electric oven which operates with electromechanical thermostats, it also provides consistent energy savings.
  • Fig. 2 shows an arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the arrangement 2000 shows an alternating power source 2100 with 230 V at 50 Hz.
  • a first resistive load 2130 is shown that may be a grill of an electric oven
  • a second resistive load 2110 is shown that may be a top heater of an electric oven.
  • the applicant has realized that power control of heating elements can be improved and simplified by supplying power provided by an alternating current source unsymmetrically to respective heating elements
  • Fig. 2 further shows that a diode 2120 is connected in parallel to the resistive load 2110.
  • the resistor 2110 may have the value of 49 Q
  • the resistive load 2130 may be of the value 30 Q. Accordingly, a simple configuration is shown in Fig. 2 for supplying two resistive loads and running them at different power levels.
  • the details can be further understood from in Fig. 3 .
  • the upper three diagrams 3100, 3200 and 3300 show respectively the voltage, the power and the average power regarding the resistive load 2130 of Fig. 2 . It can be easily recognized how the diode 2120 influences the negative half-wave of the sinusoidal alternating current.
  • the maximum negative value of the voltage in diagram 3100 is much smaller than the peak of the voltage having a positive prefix. The same holds true once the power over time is observed as shown in the further diagram 3200. This also holds true for the average power in the next diagram 3300 which depicts that the negative half-wave of the alternating current provides lesser power to the resistive load 2130.
  • diagrams 3400, 3500 and 3600 show the respective values for the resistive load 2110 in Fig. 2 . It can be recognized that due to the function of the diode 2120, the resistive load 2110 does not receive any share of the positive voltage of the supply power and only receives parts of the negative voltage of the mains power by operation of the diode. It can also be seen once the negative peaks of the voltage in the diagram 3100 and 3400 are added that they add up to the value of the peak with the positive prefix.
  • Diagrams 3500 and 3600 show respectively the power and average power associated to the resistive load 2110. The lower row shows the diagrams for the added voltage 3900, the added power 3800 and the average power 3700 of the resistive loads 2110 and 2130.
  • Fig. 4 explains another example of an arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • three resistive loads 4100, 4150 and 4200 are shown.
  • Those loads can respectively be associated to a grill 4100 of an electric oven, e.g. having an electric resistance of 31 Q, and to a top heating element of an electric oven 4150 respectively having e.g. an electric resistance of 52 Q, as well as to a bottom heating element 4200 of an electric oven being associated to an electric resistance of 53 ⁇ .
  • one diode 2120 is shown that is serially connected to the resistive load 4100.
  • Fig. 4 shows that all the resistive loads 4100, 4150 and 4200 are elsewise connected in parallel regarding the supply voltage which is provided by a power supply 2100 e.g. presenting 230 V at 50 Hz.
  • the diode influences the supply voltage of the resistive load 4100 and the resulting currents are calculated according to the law of Kirchhoff.
  • the arrangement as shown in Fig. 4 can be used to efficiently control the power of all electrical heating elements of an oven of a household appliance and thus in order to save power and time when preparing food in an oven.
  • Fig. 5 depicts another example of an arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • three resistive loads are arranged in this circuit 5000. They are referenced by the same numerals and e.g. comprise the same electric resistances respectively.
  • two diodes are electrically connected respectively serially to a first resistive load 4100 and to the second resistive load 4150.
  • the resistive load 4100 and diode 2120 are arranged serially, whereas the resistive load 4150 and the diode 5120 are also arranged serially.
  • the diodes 2120 and 5120 are arranged in reverse order regarding their polarity.
  • the resistive load 4100 receives another half-wave of the alternating current supplied by power supply 2100, then the resistive load 4150. Again, the electric currents are calculated by the law of Kirchhoff.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
EP13192996.0A 2013-11-15 2013-11-15 Anordnung zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts und Verfahren zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts Active EP2873925B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13192996.0A EP2873925B1 (de) 2013-11-15 2013-11-15 Anordnung zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts und Verfahren zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13192996.0A EP2873925B1 (de) 2013-11-15 2013-11-15 Anordnung zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts und Verfahren zur Speisung einer ohmschen Last eines Haushaltsgeräts

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EP2873925A1 true EP2873925A1 (de) 2015-05-20
EP2873925B1 EP2873925B1 (de) 2021-07-14

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4196330A (en) 1978-06-01 1980-04-01 General Electric Company Combination oven fully utilizing the current-supplying capability of a power source
JPS5935730A (ja) * 1983-07-21 1984-02-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 高周波加熱調理器
JPS616517A (ja) * 1984-06-20 1986-01-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd オ−ブント−スタ
DE3437726A1 (de) * 1984-10-15 1986-04-17 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Heizeinrichtung
GB2246033A (en) * 1990-07-09 1992-01-15 Redring Electrical Ltd Control circuit for an electric heating appliance
FR2738100A1 (fr) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-28 Krups Fa Robert Dispositif de modulation de puissance d'une charge resistive
WO1998032361A1 (en) * 1997-01-29 1998-07-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electric toaster with asymmetric heating effect

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4196330A (en) 1978-06-01 1980-04-01 General Electric Company Combination oven fully utilizing the current-supplying capability of a power source
JPS5935730A (ja) * 1983-07-21 1984-02-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 高周波加熱調理器
JPS616517A (ja) * 1984-06-20 1986-01-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd オ−ブント−スタ
DE3437726A1 (de) * 1984-10-15 1986-04-17 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Heizeinrichtung
GB2246033A (en) * 1990-07-09 1992-01-15 Redring Electrical Ltd Control circuit for an electric heating appliance
FR2738100A1 (fr) * 1995-08-24 1997-02-28 Krups Fa Robert Dispositif de modulation de puissance d'une charge resistive
WO1998032361A1 (en) * 1997-01-29 1998-07-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electric toaster with asymmetric heating effect

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