EP2864506B1 - Method and device for producing a press-hardened metal component - Google Patents
Method and device for producing a press-hardened metal component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2864506B1 EP2864506B1 EP13735194.6A EP13735194A EP2864506B1 EP 2864506 B1 EP2864506 B1 EP 2864506B1 EP 13735194 A EP13735194 A EP 13735194A EP 2864506 B1 EP2864506 B1 EP 2864506B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- base body
- shielding
- region
- heating unit
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
- C21D1/70—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment while heating or quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a localised treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
- C21D2221/10—Differential treatment of inner with respect to outer regions, e.g. core and periphery, respectively
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a metal component, which is to obtain different strength properties within the same component, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 6, respectively.
- a motor vehicle B-pillar have a hard central area to maintain high stability and on the other hand at the upper and lower attachment points to the body be ductile, so that in an impact introduced energy can be dissipated, if possible without causing tearing.
- the different structure formation within a steel material is made use of when choosing different cooling rates.
- a high cooling rate leads to the predominant formation of hard martensite, while lower cooling rates favor other structures such as bainite or the preferred because of their toughness Ferit and perlite.
- a base body which is subsequently thermoformed in a preferably press-hardening process, can be pushed out of the oven, for example, after being heated to austenitizing temperature with one partial area, which then cools slowly in the air, while the other portion is kept in the oven at austenitizing temperature.
- the subsequent forming leads at sufficient cooling rate to a hard area (which was left longer in the oven and therefore had Austenitmaschinestemperatur) and a softer area, which had already cooled somewhat further in the air and therefore passes into the microstructure of ferrit, perlite or bainite upon further cooling by transformation.
- a corresponding method with the additional use of a buffer furnace as a buffer is, for example, in the EP 2 365 100 A2 described.
- the base body is inserted into the forming tool at a uniform temperature, where it is shaped over differently cooled regions of the tool at different cooling rates.
- this often leads to warping of the components and thus to high reject rates.
- a furnace plant and a method for operating the furnace plant for setting two different temperature ranges in a thermally treated board is specified.
- a first area of a board is tempered by a radiant heat source to at least Austenitmaschinestemperatur while a second region of the circuit board can be temperature-controlled to temperatures below the austenitizing temperature.
- the WO 2010/109 012 A1 describes a method for the production of components whose strength within the component in different areas is different. During the heating of a circuit board, absorption masses are applied or spaced with a small gap at this later remaining ductile areas. In this case, no Austenitmaschinestemperatur is achieved in these areas during heating.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device which avoid the disadvantages of the previously known processes and in particular the production of components with complicated contours between the areas of different strength properties.
- This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a device having the features of claim 6.
- Claim 15 relates to a shielding device as an inventively essential component of the device according to claims 6 to 14.
- a metallic base body in particular a sheet steel plate, which may also be coated, is heated to at least austenitizing temperature or made available at this temperature.
- a region of the base body which can also be composed of several subregions, is shielded against the action of heat by a shielding device accompanying the workpiece, while the base body continues to be subjected to heat.
- the unshielded area of the body is kept at Austenitmaschinestemperatur while the shielded area controlled below the Austenitmaschinestemperatur but above martensite starting temperature drops, wherein in this component area an average cooling rate below the martensite critical cooling rate prevails, so that the structure of this area after the subsequent forming consists mainly of ferrite and perlite, regardless of the subsequent cooling rate during forming.
- the cooling of the shielded areas should be done slower than a self-given cooling in air.
- a cooling rate above the critical for martensite cooling rate is maintained, ie the cooling of the body is so fast that in the previously unshielded area a structure of predominantly martensite is formed.
- both areas of the base body can be cooled at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate for martensite formation, since a martensite transformation can only occur in the previously unshielded area because of the partial cooling of the shielded area or shielded areas.
- both coated and uncoated materials can be used as the main body, since the starting temperature above Austenitmaschinestemperatur a previous fürleg für of the entire body, whereby the forming tools are protected.
- components with complicated contours for the different strength properties can be created, as they can be imaged by the design of the shield.
- complicated temperature control devices for the forming tool are unnecessary because the deformation can be done with a uniform cooling rate over the entire body, which also avoids the risk of warping of the components when removed from the mold.
- the shielding takes place contactlessly, at least over the predominant area of the area to be shielded, ie the base body should touch the shielding at as few points as possible. It is particularly advantageous if the base body is mounted on supports, kiln furniture, furnace carriers or the like and the shield is completely contactless with respect to the base body, since then the Shielding is cheaper and almost wear-free.
- the shielding device is workpiece accompanying and not furnace bonded.
- the shielding takes place at least partially via radiation shielding, so that the heat radiation in the shielded areas can not penetrate to the base body. This is preferably even the predominant type of shielding.
- the shield can be subject to an active temperature control, which is realized by a targeted temperature / cooling of the cover. This serves in particular to protect the shield itself, in order to avoid its excessive heating by the radiant heat of the body, the furnace and / or by the heat application of the rest of the body. Since the surface of the shield may preferably be made of aluminum, it is prevented that it melts. But the introduction of heat energy is possible if, for example, the shield for the desired temperature drop is too strong and even slower cooling is desired.
- a device which has at least one heating unit, or a series main oven, for example a roller hearth furnace, a (multilayer) chamber furnace or a reciprocating furnace, and a forming tool, in particular a press-hardening tool or a forming press.
- the heart of the device and therefore claimed separately in claim 15 is a shielding device which has one or more contoured cover elements for shielding the predetermined region of the base body and is designed both in terms of their material and in terms of their functional design so that they are inserted into the heating unit and can stay there with the body while the body is tempered before forming.
- the cover (s) are preferably slidably or pivotably attached to the shielding means so as to be according to necessity and intended use can be moved over, under and / or around the area of the body to be shielded.
- a shielding device does not have to allow different possibilities of movement of the cover elements, since a shielding device designed especially for its geometry is usually produced for each workpiece to be produced, as there is also a separate press hardening mold for each workpiece. Therefore, the furnace itself does not have to be adapted to the workpiece, but only the shielding device accompanying the workpiece.
- the cover or the elements are preferably held pivotably or displaceably on a guide element of the shielding. In particular, they can be arranged to be closed and reopened in the manner of a mold. This can be done for example via a rotary knob and a toothed rail, which translates the operation of the rotary wheel in a lateral and opposite movement and extension of the cover.
- the device according to the invention and the shielding device can also be used advantageously in processes if the main body has not yet reached complete austenitizing temperature before being taken into the shielding device, ie thorough heating of the main body has not yet been completed.
- This can be, for example, at a temperature just below Austenitmaschinestemperatur, eg Austenitmaschinestemperatur minus 30 K.
- the shielded areas of the body then reach despite austenitmaschine temperature despite ongoing heating, while adjusting itself in the unshielded areas.
- reduced cycle times can be realized because the Temperianssphasen be shortened.
- this can be used for uncoated base materials and also for coated base materials whose coating does not require alloy, eg zinc-based coating systems.
- a self-sufficient heating unit can be provided in which the shielding device can be integrated.
- the heating to austenitizing temperature and the maintenance of the temperature in the unshielded areas of the body, while the shielded areas are already undergoing deliberate cooling can be decoupled from the main heating unit, which makes sense even if the timing in the different areas takes different lengths.
- a transition region in which the material properties pass from those of one area to that of the other area is formed on the separating contour of the cover element in the finished workpiece.
- the methods of the prior art resulted in a mostly relatively large transition region.
- a very small transitional area of, for example, only 15 to 25 mm can be achieved via the shielding device according to the invention with a sharp-edged contour of the cover elements.
- this can also be adjusted with the device according to the invention by varying the thickness of the cover element - and thus the shielding effect - in the direction of the transition zones.
- a thus targeted adjustment of temperature and strength gradients after final shaping and cooling in the forming tool can also be done by varying the distance of the cover to the main body in the shield.
- the variation of the distance and the thickness of the cover can also be used together.
- a targeted influencing of the component strength of the component to be produced can in particular also take place in that the cover element or the cover elements have an active temperature control, in particular an active cooling.
- the extraction temperature can be adjusted specifically.
- by such a controllable and controllable time-dependent temperature control in the shielding significantly higher insertion temperatures of the shielded and thus already partially cooled areas of the body when inserted into the forming tool can be selected, thereby reducing both an abrasive and an adhesive tool wear and significantly improves the formability becomes. Increased degrees of deformation are thus also possible in the areas which should have softened properties after the deformation.
- the shielding device In order to control and, if appropriate, purposefully influence the cooling process during the residence of the base body in the shielding device, it is advantageous if it has an integrated temperature sensor which can be integrated in particular in the cover elements. In addition, the current temperature of the recorded body is to be determined in these areas. If a coupling of the temperature sensor with the active temperature control of the cover, a time-dependent temperature control can be automatically controlled and regulated.
- Fig. 1 are the different processes of cooling and thus microstructure of the metal component over time, but offset from one another.
- the unshielded region of the component undergoes a temperature profile along the curve A, in that it is kept above the austenitizing temperature after being heated to at least austenitizing temperature and during the further heat application.
- the essential cooling of this area takes place only in the forming tool at a cooling rate above the critical for martensite cooling rate (27 to 30 K / s), whereby a targeted martensite takes place.
- strength characteristics result in this range of about Rm 1300 MPa - 1650 MPa, Rp0.2 1000 MPa - 1250 MPa, hardness 400 - 520 HV and ⁇ > 15%.
- Fig. 2 shows a base body 1 after removal from the shielding and in front of a further not further illustrated forming.
- the main body 1 here has the form of a circuit board with locally graded temperature profiles, namely a temperature range T1 and a temperature range T2, wherein T1 is greater than T2, since the region T1 was not shielded. Based on this board 1, the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention is also illustrated in the following figures.
- Fig. 3 shows in the first position, the homogeneous heating of the board 1 in a heating unit 2, here a series furnace of the production line, where appropriate, a permeation of a coating takes place when it was applied.
- a shielding device 3 In front of the furnace 2 is a shielding device 3 in the open state, in this case with two cover elements 4.
- Position 3 shows the removal of the shielding device 3 including the board 1 from the furnace 2.
- Fig. 4 shows the process stage 3 from Fig. 3 in perspective view while in Fig. 5 to decouple the process for forming different temperature ranges in the board a self-sufficient heating unit 5 is provided separately from the furnace 2.
- Schematically 5 heating elements 6 can be seen in the self-sufficient heating unit and the underlying arranged shielding 3. This is with the recorded therein board 1 in more detail in the different views Fig. 6 shown.
- section BB shows that the cover elements 4 comprise the board 1 in the areas to be shielded above and below and thus reduce heat radiation from both sides.
- the shielding device 3 can be integrated into existing furnace systems or coupled to them. If integration into the series main furnace 2 can not be achieved or if this is not desired, the method can nevertheless be carried out with a self-sufficient heating unit 5.
- This can also be designed as a heating-cooling unit, in particular if the cover 4 of the shielding 3 should have an active temperature, preferably an active cooling in order to influence the temperature grading of the component 1 before forming and thus the strength properties of the finished metal component even more targeted ,
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Metallbauteils, das unterschiedliche Festigkeitseigenschaften innerhalb desselben Bauteils erhalten soll, nach den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 bzw. 6.The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a metal component, which is to obtain different strength properties within the same component, according to the preambles of
Bei vielen Metallbauteilen, beispielsweise in der Kraftfahrzeugindustrie, besteht die Anforderung, dass die Bauteile einerseits ein geringes Gewicht aufweisen, andererseits gezielt einstellbare Festigkeitsbereiche haben. So soll z.B. eine Kfz-B-Säule einen harten Mittelbereich zum Erhalt großer Stabilität aufweisen und andererseits an den oberen und unteren Anbindungspunkten an die Karosse eher duktil sein, damit bei einem Aufprall eingebrachte Energie abgeführt werden kann, möglichst ohne dass es zu Abrissen kommt. Zum Erhalt solcher Bauteile wird sich die unterschiedliche Gefügebildung innerhalb eines Stahlwerkstoffs bei Wahl unterschiedlicher Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten zunutze gemacht. So führt eine hohe Abkühlgeschwindigkeit zur überwiegenden Bildung von hartem Martensit, während geringere Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten andere Gefüge wie Bainit oder die wegen ihrer Zähigkeit bevorzugten Gefüge Ferit und Perlit begünstigen.In many metal components, for example in the automotive industry, there is a requirement that the components on the one hand have a low weight, on the other hand have specifically adjustable strength ranges. For example, a motor vehicle B-pillar have a hard central area to maintain high stability and on the other hand at the upper and lower attachment points to the body be ductile, so that in an impact introduced energy can be dissipated, if possible without causing tearing. To obtain such components, the different structure formation within a steel material is made use of when choosing different cooling rates. Thus, a high cooling rate leads to the predominant formation of hard martensite, while lower cooling rates favor other structures such as bainite or the preferred because of their toughness Ferit and perlite.
Ein Grundkörper, der anschließend in einem vorzugsweise Presshärtverfahren warm umgeformt wird, kann beispielsweise nach einer Durcherwärmung auf Austenitisierungstemperatur mit einem Teilbereich aus dem Ofen herausgeschoben werden, der dann langsam an der Luft abkühlt, während der andere Teilbereich weiter im Ofen auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten wird. Die anschließende Umformung führt bei ausreichender Abkühlgeschwindigkeit zu einem harten Bereich, (der länger im Ofen verblieben war und daher noch Austenitisierungstemperatur hatte) und einem weicheren Bereich, der an der Luft bereits etwas weiter abgekühlt war und daher bei der weiteren Abkühlung durch Umformung in die Gefügestruktur von Ferit, Perlit oder Bainit übergeht. Ein entsprechendes Verfahren unter zusätzlicher Verwendung eines Pufferofens als Zwischenspeicher wird beispielsweise in der
In einem weiteren Verfahren wird daher der Grundkörper mit einheitlicher Temperatur in das Umformwerkzeug eingelegt und dort über unterschiedlich gekühlte Bereiche des Werkzeugs mit unterschiedlichen Abkühlraten umgeformt. Hierbei kommt es jedoch häufig zu einem sich Verziehen der Bauteile und insoweit zu hohen Ausschussraten.In a further method, therefore, the base body is inserted into the forming tool at a uniform temperature, where it is shaped over differently cooled regions of the tool at different cooling rates. However, this often leads to warping of the components and thus to high reject rates.
Eine weitere Alternative gemäß der
Aus der
Schließlich beschreibt die
Aus der
Aus der nachveröffentlichten
Aus der nachveröffentlichten
Aus der
Die
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, die die Nachteile der vorbekannten Prozesse vermeiden und insbesondere die Herstellung von Bauteilen mit komplizierten Konturen zwischen den Bereichen unterschiedlicher Festigkeitseigenschaften ermöglichen. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 6 gelöst. Anspruch 15 bezieht sich auf eine Abschirmeinrichtung als erfindungsgemäß wesentliches Bauteil der Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 6 bis 14.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device which avoid the disadvantages of the previously known processes and in particular the production of components with complicated contours between the areas of different strength properties. This object is achieved by a method having the features of
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird ein metallischer Grundkörper, insbesondere eine Stahlblechplatine, die auch beschichtet sein kann, auf mindestens Austenitisierungstemperatur erwärmt bzw. in dieser Temperatur zur Verfügung gestellt. In einem sich nun anschließenden Verfahrensschritt wird ein Bereich des Grundkörpers, der sich auch aus mehreren Teilbereichen zusammensetzen kann gegen Wärmeeinwirkung durch eine Werkstück begleitende Abschirmeinrichtung abgeschirmt, während der Grundkörper weiterhin wärmebeaufschlagt wird. So wird der nicht abgeschirmte Bereich des Grundkörpers auf Austenitisierungstemperatur gehalten, während der abgeschirmte Bereich kontrolliert unter die Austenitisierungstemperatur aber oberhalb Martensitstarttemperatur abfällt, wobei in diesem Bauteilbereich eine mittlere Abkühlgeschwindigkeit unterhalb der für Martensitbildung kritischen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit vorherrscht, so dass das Gefüge dieses Bereichs nach der nachfolgenden Umformung überwiegend aus Ferrit und Perlit besteht und zwar unabhängig von der dann folgenden Abkühlgeschwindigkeit bei der Umformung. Die Abkühlung der abgeschirmten Bereiche sollte dabei langsamer als eine sich selbst überlassene Abkühlung an Luft erfolgen. Nach der Entfernung der Abschirmung, die aus mehreren Teilelementen bestehen kann, wird der Grundkörper, der dann ein durch die Abschirmung erhaltenes gradiertes Temperaturprofil aufweist, einem Umformprozess durch ein Werkzeug unterzogen, insbesondere einer Warmumformung mit dabei erfolgender Presshärtung. Dabei wird zumindest in dem zuvor nicht abgeschirmten Bereich des Grundkörpers eine Abkühlgeschwindigkeit oberhalb der für Martensitbildung kritischen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit eingehalten, d.h. die Abkühlung des Grundkörpers erfolgt so schnell, dass in dem vormals nicht abgeschirmten Bereich ein Gefüge aus überwiegend Martensit entsteht. Während der Umformung müssen dabei nicht unterschiedliche Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten für die verschiedenen Bereiche eingestellt werden. Insbesondere können beide Bereiche des Grundkörpers mit einer Abkühlgeschwindigkeit größer der kritischen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit für die Martensitbildung abgekühlt werden, da es wegen der bereits erfolgten partiellen Abkühlung des abgeschirmten Bereichs bzw. der abgeschirmten Bereiche nur noch in dem zuvor nicht abgeschirmten Bereich zu einer Martensitumwandlung kommen kann.In the method according to the invention, a metallic base body, in particular a sheet steel plate, which may also be coated, is heated to at least austenitizing temperature or made available at this temperature. In a subsequent process step, a region of the base body, which can also be composed of several subregions, is shielded against the action of heat by a shielding device accompanying the workpiece, while the base body continues to be subjected to heat. Thus, the unshielded area of the body is kept at Austenitisierungstemperatur while the shielded area controlled below the Austenitisierungstemperatur but above martensite starting temperature drops, wherein in this component area an average cooling rate below the martensite critical cooling rate prevails, so that the structure of this area after the subsequent forming consists mainly of ferrite and perlite, regardless of the subsequent cooling rate during forming. The cooling of the shielded areas should be done slower than a self-given cooling in air. After the removal of the shield, which may consist of several sub-elements, the base body, which then has a graded temperature profile obtained by the shield, subjected to a forming process by a tool, in particular a hot forming with thereby resulting press hardening. In this case, at least in the previously unshielded region of the base body, a cooling rate above the critical for martensite cooling rate is maintained, ie the cooling of the body is so fast that in the previously unshielded area a structure of predominantly martensite is formed. During the forming do not have different cooling rates for the different areas are set. In particular, both areas of the base body can be cooled at a cooling rate greater than the critical cooling rate for martensite formation, since a martensite transformation can only occur in the previously unshielded area because of the partial cooling of the shielded area or shielded areas.
Dieses Verfahren vermeidet sämtliche Nachteile der im Stand der Technik bekannten. So können sowohl beschichtete als auch unbeschichtete Materialien als Grundkörper verwendet werden, da durch die Starttemperatur oberhalb Austenitisierungstemperatur eine vorherige Durchlegierung des gesamten Grundkörpers erfolgt, wodurch die Umformwerkzeuge geschont werden. Auch können Bauteile mit komplizierten Konturen für die unterschiedlichen Festigkeitseigenschaften erstellt werden, da diese durch die Ausgestaltung der Abschirmung abgebildet werden können. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, ein Bauteil für eine B-Säule mit harter Mitte, einem weichen oberen und unteren Anbindungsbereich an die Karosserie und einem umlaufenden weichen Flansch zu erzeugen, was den anschließenden Formschnitt entlang des gesamten Bauteils im Flanschbereich erheblich erleichtert. Außerdem sind komplizierte Temperierungseinrichtungen für das Umformwerkzeug unnötig, da die Umformung mit einer einheitlichen Abkühlgeschwindigkeit über den gesamten Grundkörper erfolgen kann, wodurch außerdem die Gefahr eines Verziehens der Bauteile beim Herausnehmen aus der Form vermieden wird.This method avoids all the disadvantages of those known in the art. Thus, both coated and uncoated materials can be used as the main body, since the starting temperature above Austenitisierungstemperatur a previous Durchlegierung of the entire body, whereby the forming tools are protected. Also, components with complicated contours for the different strength properties can be created, as they can be imaged by the design of the shield. Thus, it is possible, for example, to produce a component for a B-pillar with a hard center, a soft upper and lower connection region to the body and a circumferential soft flange, which considerably facilitates the subsequent shape cutting along the entire component in the flange region. In addition, complicated temperature control devices for the forming tool are unnecessary because the deformation can be done with a uniform cooling rate over the entire body, which also avoids the risk of warping of the components when removed from the mold.
Bevorzugt erfolgt die Abschirmung zumindest über die überwiegende Fläche des abzuschirmenden Bereichs kontaktlos, d.h. der Grundkörper sollte die Abschirmung an möglichst wenigen Punkten berühren. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Grundkörper auf Stützen, Brennhilfsmitteln, Ofenträgern oder dergleichen gelagert wird und die Abschirmung vollständig kontaktlos zum Grundkörper ist, da dann die Abschirmung kostengünstiger und nahezu verschleißlos ist. Allerdings ist die Abschirmeinrichtung Werkstück begleitend und nicht Ofen gebunden. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Abschirmung zumindest teilweise über Strahlungsabschirmung, so dass die Wärmestrahlung in den abgeschirmten Bereichen nicht bis zum Grundkörper vordringen kann. Bevorzugt ist dies sogar die überwiegende Art der Abschirmung. Um den Temperaturverlauf in den abgeschirmten Bereichen des Grundkörpers nicht sich selbst zu überlassen, kann die Abschirmung einer aktiven Temperaturführung unterliegen, die durch eine gezielte Temperierung/Kühlung der Abdeckelemente realisiert wird. Diese dient insbesondere dem Schutz der Abschirmung selbst, um deren übermäßige Aufheizung durch die Strahlungswärme des Grundkörpers, des Ofens und/oder durch die Wärmebeaufschlagung des übrigen Grundkörpers zu vermeiden. Da die Oberfläche der Abschirmung vorzugsweise aus Aluminium bestehen kann, wird so verhindert, dass diese schmilzt. Aber auch die Einbringung von Wärmeenergie ist möglich, wenn beispielsweise die Abschirmung für den gewünschten Temperaturabfall zu stark ist und eine noch langsamere Abkühlung gewünscht wird.Preferably, the shielding takes place contactlessly, at least over the predominant area of the area to be shielded, ie the base body should touch the shielding at as few points as possible. It is particularly advantageous if the base body is mounted on supports, kiln furniture, furnace carriers or the like and the shield is completely contactless with respect to the base body, since then the Shielding is cheaper and almost wear-free. However, the shielding device is workpiece accompanying and not furnace bonded. Preferably, the shielding takes place at least partially via radiation shielding, so that the heat radiation in the shielded areas can not penetrate to the base body. This is preferably even the predominant type of shielding. In order not to leave the temperature profile in the shielded areas of the main body to itself, the shield can be subject to an active temperature control, which is realized by a targeted temperature / cooling of the cover. This serves in particular to protect the shield itself, in order to avoid its excessive heating by the radiant heat of the body, the furnace and / or by the heat application of the rest of the body. Since the surface of the shield may preferably be made of aluminum, it is prevented that it melts. But the introduction of heat energy is possible if, for example, the shield for the desired temperature drop is too strong and even slower cooling is desired.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist ebenfalls beansprucht, die zumindest eine Erwärmungseinheit, bzw. einen Serienhauptofen z.B. einen Rollenherdofen, einen (Mehrlagen)Kammerofen oder einen Hubkolbenofen, und ein Umformwerkzeug, insbesondere ein Presshärtwerkzeug bzw. eine Umformpresse aufweist. Herzstück der Vorrichtung und daher in Anspruch 15 separat beansprucht ist eine Abschirmeinrichtung, die eines oder mehrere konturierte Abdeckelemente zur Abschirmung des vorbestimmten Bereichs des Grundkörpers aufweist und sowohl hinsichtlich ihres Materiales als auch hinsichtlich ihrer funktionalen Ausgestaltung so ausgelegt ist, dass sie in die Erwärmungseinheit eingeschoben werden und dort mit dem Grundkörper verweilen kann, während der Grundkörper vor der Umformung temperiert wird. Das bzw. die Abdeckelemente sind bevorzugt an der Abschirmeinrichtung schiebe- oder schwenkbeweglich befestigt, so dass sie je nach Notwendigkeit und Einsatzzweck über, unter und/oder um den abzuschirmenden Bereich des Grundkörpers herum bewegt werden können. Dabei muss nicht eine Abschirmeinrichtung verschiedene Bewegungsmöglichkeiten der Abdeckelemente zulassen, da in der Regel für jedes zu fertigende Werkstück eine speziell auf dessen Geometrie ausgelegte Abschirmeinrichtung gefertigt wird, wie es auch für jedes Werkstück eine eigene Presshärtform gibt. Der Ofen selbst muss daher nicht an das Werkstück angepasst werden, sondern lediglich die Werkstück begleitend eingesetzte Abschirmeinrichtung. Das bzw. die Abdeckelemente sind vorzugsweise an einem Führungselement der Abschirmeinrichtung verschwenkbar oder verschiebbar gehalten. Insbesondere können sie nach Art einer Form schließbar und wieder zu öffnen anzuordnen sein. Das kann beispielsweise über eine Drehradbetätigung und eine Zahnschiene erfolgen, die die Betätigung des Drehrades in eine laterale und gegenläufige Auf- und Zubewegung der Abdeckelemente übersetzt.A device according to the invention is also claimed which has at least one heating unit, or a series main oven, for example a roller hearth furnace, a (multilayer) chamber furnace or a reciprocating furnace, and a forming tool, in particular a press-hardening tool or a forming press. The heart of the device and therefore claimed separately in claim 15 is a shielding device which has one or more contoured cover elements for shielding the predetermined region of the base body and is designed both in terms of their material and in terms of their functional design so that they are inserted into the heating unit and can stay there with the body while the body is tempered before forming. The cover (s) are preferably slidably or pivotably attached to the shielding means so as to be according to necessity and intended use can be moved over, under and / or around the area of the body to be shielded. In this case, a shielding device does not have to allow different possibilities of movement of the cover elements, since a shielding device designed especially for its geometry is usually produced for each workpiece to be produced, as there is also a separate press hardening mold for each workpiece. Therefore, the furnace itself does not have to be adapted to the workpiece, but only the shielding device accompanying the workpiece. The cover or the elements are preferably held pivotably or displaceably on a guide element of the shielding. In particular, they can be arranged to be closed and reopened in the manner of a mold. This can be done for example via a rotary knob and a toothed rail, which translates the operation of the rotary wheel in a lateral and opposite movement and extension of the cover.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und die Abschirmeinrichtung lassen sich auch mit Vorteil in Verfahren einsetzen, wenn der Grundkörper vor Aufnahme in die Abschirmeinrichtung noch nicht vollständig Austenitisierungstemperatur erreicht hat, d.h. Eine Durcherwärmung des Grundkörpers noch nicht abgeschlossen ist. Das kann beispielsweise bei einer Temperatur kurz unter Austenitisierungstemperatur sein, z.B. Austenitisierungstemperatur minus 30 K. Die abgeschirmten Bereiche des Grundkörpers erreichen dann trotz fortlaufender Erwärmung keine Austenitisierungstemperatur, während sich diese in den nicht abgeschirmten Bereichen einstellt. Dadurch lassen sich verringerte Taktzeiten realisieren, da die Temperierungsphasen verkürzt werden. Ohne Nachteil ist dies bei unbeschichteten Grundmaterialien einsetzbar und auch bei beschichteten Grundmaterialien, deren Beschichtung keine Durchlegierung erfordert, z.B. Zink-basierte Beschichtungssysteme.The device according to the invention and the shielding device can also be used advantageously in processes if the main body has not yet reached complete austenitizing temperature before being taken into the shielding device, ie thorough heating of the main body has not yet been completed. This can be, for example, at a temperature just below Austenitisierungstemperatur, eg Austenitisierungstemperatur minus 30 K. The shielded areas of the body then reach despite austenitisierung temperature despite ongoing heating, while adjusting itself in the unshielded areas. As a result, reduced cycle times can be realized because the Temperierungsphasen be shortened. Without disadvantage, this can be used for uncoated base materials and also for coated base materials whose coating does not require alloy, eg zinc-based coating systems.
Wenn die Fertigung eine direkte Adaption der Abschirmeinrichtung in dem Serienhauptofen nicht zulässt, kann eine autarke Heizeinheit vorgesehen werden, in die die Abschirmeinrichtung integrierbar ist. Dadurch können die Erwärmung auf Austenitisierungstemperatur und das Halten der Temperatur in den nicht abgeschirmten Bereichen des Grundkörpers, während die abgeschirmten Bereiche bereits eine gezielte Abkühlung erfahren, von der Haupt-Erwärmungseinheit entkoppelt werden, was auch dann Sinn macht, wenn die Taktung in den verschiedenen Bereichen unterschiedlich lange dauert.If the production does not allow a direct adaptation of the shielding device in the series main furnace, a self-sufficient heating unit can be provided in which the shielding device can be integrated. Thus, the heating to austenitizing temperature and the maintenance of the temperature in the unshielded areas of the body, while the shielded areas are already undergoing deliberate cooling, can be decoupled from the main heating unit, which makes sense even if the timing in the different areas takes different lengths.
Durch ein Abdeckelement bzw. Abdeckelemente konstanter Dicke und in einem konstanten Abstand zur Oberfläche des Grundkörpers angeordnet entsteht an der Trennkontur des Abdeckelementes im fertigen Werkstück ein Übergangsbereich, in dem die Werkstoffeigenschaften von denen des einen Bereichs in die des anderen Bereichs übergehen. Die Verfahren des Standes der Technik führten zu einem meist relativ großen Übergangsbereich. Dahingegen kann über die erfindungsgemäße Abschirmeinrichtung mit scharfkantiger Kontur der Abdeckelemente ein sehr kleiner Übergangsbereich von beispielsweise nur 15 bis 25 mm erreicht werden. Wenn jedoch ein breiterer Übergangsbereich erwünscht ist, lässt sich dies mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ebenfalls einstellen, indem die Dicke des Abdeckelementes - und damit die Abschirmwirkung - in Richtung der Übergangszonen variiert wird. Eine somit gezielte Einstellung von Temperatur- und Festigkeitsgradienten nach abschließender Formgebung und Kühlung im Umformwerkzeug kann auch durch eine Variierung des Abstandes des Abdeckelementes zum Grundkörper in der Abschirmeinrichtung erfolgen. Die Variierung des Abstandes und der Dicke des Abdeckelementes können auch gemeinsam eingesetzt werden.Arranged by a cover element or cover elements of constant thickness and at a constant distance from the surface of the base body, a transition region in which the material properties pass from those of one area to that of the other area is formed on the separating contour of the cover element in the finished workpiece. The methods of the prior art resulted in a mostly relatively large transition region. By contrast, a very small transitional area of, for example, only 15 to 25 mm can be achieved via the shielding device according to the invention with a sharp-edged contour of the cover elements. However, if a wider transition range is desired, this can also be adjusted with the device according to the invention by varying the thickness of the cover element - and thus the shielding effect - in the direction of the transition zones. A thus targeted adjustment of temperature and strength gradients after final shaping and cooling in the forming tool can also be done by varying the distance of the cover to the main body in the shield. The variation of the distance and the thickness of the cover can also be used together.
Eine gezielte Beeinflussung der Bauteilfestigkeit des zu erzeugenden Bauteils kann insbesondere auch dadurch erfolgen, dass das Abdeckelement bzw. die Abdeckelemente eine aktive Temperaturregelung aufweisen, insbesondere eine aktive Kühlung. Darüber kann die Entnahmetemperatur gezielt eingestellt werden. Insbesondere können durch eine solche regel- und steuerbare zeitabhängige Temperaturführung in der Abschirmeinrichtung deutlich höhere Einlegetemperaturen auch der abgeschirmten und damit schon teilabgekühlten Bereiche des Grundkörpers beim Einlegen in das Umformwerkzeug gewählt werden, wodurch sowohl ein abrasiver als auch ein adhäsiver Werkzeugverschleiß reduziert und die Umformbarkeit deutlich verbessert wird. Erhöhte Umformgrade sind somit auch in den Bereichen, die nach der Umformung entfestigte Eigenschaften aufweisen sollen, möglich.A targeted influencing of the component strength of the component to be produced can in particular also take place in that the cover element or the cover elements have an active temperature control, in particular an active cooling. In addition, the extraction temperature can be adjusted specifically. In particular, by such a controllable and controllable time-dependent temperature control in the shielding significantly higher insertion temperatures of the shielded and thus already partially cooled areas of the body when inserted into the forming tool can be selected, thereby reducing both an abrasive and an adhesive tool wear and significantly improves the formability becomes. Increased degrees of deformation are thus also possible in the areas which should have softened properties after the deformation.
Zur Kontrolle und ggf. gezielten Beeinflussung des Abkühlprozesses während des Verweilens des Grundkörpers in der Abschirmeinrichtung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn diese eine integrierte Temperatursensorik aufweist, die insbesondere in die Abdeckelemente integriert sein kann. Darüber ist die jeweils aktuelle Temperatur des aufgenommenen Grundkörpers in diesen Bereichen zu ermitteln. Erfolgt eine Koppelung der Temperatursensorik mit der aktiven Temperaturregelung der Abdeckelemente, kann eine zeitabhängige Temperaturführung automatisch steuer- und regelbar erfolgen.In order to control and, if appropriate, purposefully influence the cooling process during the residence of the base body in the shielding device, it is advantageous if it has an integrated temperature sensor which can be integrated in particular in the cover elements. In addition, the current temperature of the recorded body is to be determined in these areas. If a coupling of the temperature sensor with the active temperature control of the cover, a time-dependent temperature control can be automatically controlled and regulated.
Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus den Ansprüchen und den Figuren, die u.a. bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung enthalten und im Folgenden beschrieben werden; es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- schematisch ein ZTU-Schaubild der erfindungsgemäßen Abkühlprozesse,
- Fig. 2
- eine Beispielplatine vor dem Umformprozess,
- Fig. 3
- schematisch verschiedene Verfahrensstadien,
- Fig. 4
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Erwärmungseinheit mit davor dargestellter Abschirmeinrichtung,
- Fig. 5
- die Entkoppelung von Verfahrensschritten durch die Verwendung einer autarken Heizeinheit,
- Fig. 6
- die erfindungsgemäße Abschirmeinrichtung in verschiedenen Ansichten und teilweise verschiedenen Maßstäben.
- Fig. 1
- schematically a ZTU diagram of the cooling processes according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a sample board before the forming process,
- Fig. 3
- schematically different process stages,
- Fig. 4
- a perspective view of a heating unit with shielding device shown in front,
- Fig. 5
- the decoupling of process steps through the use of a self-sufficient heating unit,
- Fig. 6
- the shielding device according to the invention in different views and partly different scales.
In dem Diagramm aus
(Anmerkung zu
Besonders vorteilhaft bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist, dass die Abschirmeinrichtung 3 in bestehende Ofensysteme integrierbar bzw. an diese ankoppelbar ist. Lässt sich eine Integration in den Serienhauptofen 2 nicht bewirken, oder ist diese nicht erwünscht, kann das Verfahren trotzdem mit einer autarken Heizeinheit 5 durchgeführt werden. Diese kann auch als Heiz-Kühleinheit ausgelegt sein, insbesondere wenn die Abdeckelemente 4 der Abschirmeinrichtung 3 eine aktive Temperierung, vorzugsweise eine aktive Kühlung aufweisen sollen, um die Temperaturgradierung des Bauteils 1 vor der Umformung und damit die Festigkeitseigenschaften des fertigen Metallbauteils noch gezielter beeinflussen zu können.It is particularly advantageous in the device according to the invention that the
Claims (15)
- A method for producing a metallic component having at least two regions of different strength properties inside the same component obtained by means of different cooling rates of the various regions, characterized by the following method features:- a metallic base body (1), which has at least one austenizing temperature, is provided in a heating unit (2, 5),- a region of the base body (1) is shielded during a subsequent thermal loading of the base body (1) in the heating unit (2, 5) until the component temperature of this region has fallen to a predetermined temperature (T2) below the austenizing temperature but still above the martensite start temperature, wherein an average cooling rate below the critical cooling rate for martensite formation prevails in this component region, whilst the unshielded region is furthermore held at least at the austenizing temperature,- the shielding (3) is removed, the base body (1) with graduated temperature profile is removed from the heating unit (2, 5) and subjected to a moulding process by means of a mould, wherein at least in the previously unshielded region, a cooling rate above the cooling rate critical for martensite formation prevails.
- The method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the drop in the temperature of the base body (1) in the shielded region takes place more slowly than the material-specific cooling characteristics of the base body (1) at ambient temperature.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shielding takes place contactlessly at least over the majority of the area of the region to be shielded.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shielding takes place at least to some extent, preferably even overwhelmingly by means of radiation shielding.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that during the shielding in the covered region, a preferably regulated active temperature adjustment, particularly cooling, takes place.
- A device, particularly for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, having a heating unit (2, 5) and a moulding tool and having a shielding device (3) having one or more cover elements (4) for shielding a predetermined region of a base body (1), preferably a printed circuit board, wherein the shielding device (3) is designed for staying in the heating unit (2, 5) during a temperature adjustment of the base body (1) before the moulding thereof in the moulding tool, characterized in that an independent heating unit (5) is constructed such that it can be integrated into the shielding device (3).
- The device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the cover element (4) is fastened on the shielding device (3) in a displaceable and/or pivotable manner and is arranged in a movable manner below, above and/or around the region of the base body (1) to be shielded.
- The device according to one of Claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the shielding device (3) has at least two cover elements (4) held in a slidable and/or pivotable manner on at least one guide element (7).
- The device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the cover elements (4) are arranged above the guide element (7) in a closable and openable manner in the nature of a mould.
- The device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the cover elements (4) are contoured.
- The device according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the spacing of the cover element (4) from the base body (1) and/or the thickness of the cover element (4) changes towards the contour separating regions of differing temperature adjustment of the base body (1), in particular,the thickness changes.
- The device according to one of Claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the cover element (4) has an active temperature regulation.
- The device according to one of Claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the shielding device (3) has an in particular integrated temperature sensor system for determining the current temperature of the accommodated base body (1) in at least one region.
- The device according to Claim 12 and 13, characterized by a coupling of the temperature sensor system to the active temperature regulation.
- The shielding device (3) according to one of Claims 6 to 14.
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DE102013022292B4 (en) * | 2013-10-01 | 2017-08-10 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Process for producing a steel component with partially different properties |
DE102014215365A1 (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2016-02-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of hot formed components |
ES2714134T3 (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2019-05-27 | Automation Press And Tooling A P & T Ab | Partial radiation heating method to produce pressure hardened parts and arrangement for such a production |
DE102016201024A1 (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-07-27 | Schwartz Gmbh | Heat treatment process and heat treatment device |
AT522005B1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2022-06-15 | Ebner Ind Ofenbau | Tempering device for tempering a component |
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DE102017125473B3 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2019-03-28 | Voestalpine Metal Forming Gmbh | Method and device for producing partially hardened sheet steel components |
DE102018103141A1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-14 | GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH | Apparatus for producing a metal component |
DE102018103143A1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-14 | GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH | Apparatus for producing a metal component |
DE102018103142A1 (en) | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-14 | GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH | Apparatus for producing a metal component |
DE102018130860A1 (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-04 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for hot forming a, in particular plate-shaped, semi-finished product |
ES2907102T3 (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2022-04-21 | Automation Press And Tooling Ap & T Ab | Intermediate heating station |
DE102021124531B4 (en) | 2021-09-22 | 2024-01-18 | GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH | Method for producing a metal component with areas of different strength |
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DE10256621B3 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-04-15 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Continuous furnace used in the production of vehicle components, e.g. B-columns, comprises two zones lying opposite each other and separated from each other by a thermal insulating separating wall |
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DE102007012180B3 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-06-05 | Andreas Breloer | Heat treating method for semi-finished steel products is carried out in continuous furnace, semi-finished product being passed into first zone and then moved so that section of it is in second zone at a different temperature from first |
JP4575976B2 (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-11-04 | アイシン高丘株式会社 | Local heating apparatus and method |
DE102010010156A1 (en) | 2010-03-04 | 2011-09-08 | Kirchhoff Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Process for producing a molded part with at least two structural areas of different ductility |
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EP2639536B8 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2019-06-26 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Kiln assembly and method for operating the kiln assembly |
-
2012
- 2012-08-14 DE DE102012016075.5A patent/DE102012016075B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-08-14 DE DE202012007777U patent/DE202012007777U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2013
- 2013-06-19 PL PL13735194T patent/PL2864506T3/en unknown
- 2013-06-19 WO PCT/EP2013/001808 patent/WO2013189597A1/en unknown
- 2013-06-19 PT PT13735194T patent/PT2864506T/en unknown
- 2013-06-19 EP EP13735194.6A patent/EP2864506B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-19 ES ES13735194.6T patent/ES2688356T3/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
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WO2010109012A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-30 | Voestalpine Automotive Gmbh | Method for producing partially hardened steel components |
DE102009023195A1 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Production of a partially press-hardened sheet-metal component |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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PT2864506T (en) | 2018-10-23 |
DE202012007777U1 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
WO2013189597A1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
DE102012016075B4 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
PL2864506T3 (en) | 2018-12-31 |
EP2864506A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
ES2688356T3 (en) | 2018-11-02 |
DE102012016075A1 (en) | 2013-12-24 |
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