EP2862832B1 - Turmmanövrieranordnung - Google Patents

Turmmanövrieranordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2862832B1
EP2862832B1 EP13189319.0A EP13189319A EP2862832B1 EP 2862832 B1 EP2862832 B1 EP 2862832B1 EP 13189319 A EP13189319 A EP 13189319A EP 2862832 B1 EP2862832 B1 EP 2862832B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
tag line
tower assembly
sling
tag
Prior art date
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Active
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EP13189319.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2862832A1 (de
Inventor
Jesper Moeller
Kenneth Helligsoe Svinth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP13189319.0A priority Critical patent/EP2862832B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2014/067391 priority patent/WO2015055334A1/en
Publication of EP2862832A1 publication Critical patent/EP2862832A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2862832B1 publication Critical patent/EP2862832B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/185—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use erecting wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention describes a tower manoeuvring arrangement and a method of manoeuvring a tower assembly into a mounting position relative to a tower mount.
  • a complete tower or a set of tower sections may be transported in a horizontal position by ship to the offshore site and tower mount.
  • the mount can be a foundation, jacket structure, monopile, etc., depending on factors such as water depth.
  • the tower must then be raised into a vertical position and brought into place over its tower mount.
  • a tower mount and wind turbine tower can be joined using some suitable connection means such as pin bolts and bushings which must be aligned before the tower can be lowered into place on the tower mount.
  • suitable connection means such as pin bolts and bushings which must be aligned before the tower can be lowered into place on the tower mount.
  • a known approach requires that an arrangement of tag wires and a lifting frame is used. The tower is suspended from the lifting frame, and tag lines are connected to corners of the lifting frame. Winches are used to deploy the tag lines in order to effect a rotation of the tower.
  • a tower can have a height of 60 - 100 m or more, and a bottom diameter of 4.5 - 8.0 m or more, and since the tower/mount connectors are relatively small in comparison, it is very difficult to control the winches precisely enough to manoeuvre the very heavy tower into place so that the connectors are aligned. Safety measures must always be taken to ensure that personnel are not at risk at any time. The alignment procedure can therefore take a relatively long time, thus adding considerably to the overall cost of installing a wind turbine.
  • the tower manoeuvring arrangement - for bringing a tower assembly into a mounting position relative to a tower mount - comprises a lifting means for lifting the tower over the tower mount; a tag line coupling means realised to detachably couple a tag line arrangement to the tower assembly, which tag line coupling means comprises a contact surface for application to an outer surface of the tower assembly; and a winch arrangement realised to deploy the tag lines to effect a controlled rotation of the tower assembly about a longitudinal axis.
  • An advantage of the tower manoeuvring arrangement according to the invention is that, with relatively little effort, a precise alignment of the tower assembly with the tower mount can be achieved.
  • the tower can be rotated about the longitudinal axis - for example the vertical axis of the tower - by any amount, for example by a few degrees or by a fraction of a degree, thereby allowing the very precise alignment with the tower mount without any manual intervention by ground personnel.
  • the tag lines are coupled to the tower surface using only a contact surface, there is no need to secure any fasteners to the surface of the tower.
  • the tag line coupling means does not require the use of any fasteners such as a threaded connector, a bolted or screwed-in connector, a hook connector, etc.
  • the contact surface that is applied to the tower outer surface can effect a satisfactory connection on the basis of friction and/or negative pressure, etc., as will be explained below.
  • the method of manoeuvring a tower assembly into a mounting position relative to a tower mount comprises the steps of lifting the tower assembly over the tower mount; applying a contact surface of a tag line coupling means to an outer surface of the tower assembly to detachably couple a tag line arrangement to the tower assembly; and actuating a winch arrangement to deploy one or more tag lines of the tag line arrangement to effect a controlled displacement of the tower assembly relative to the tower mount.
  • An advantage of the method according to the invention is that it allows the tower to be manoeuvred in a very precise and controlled manner, since the contact surface connection between tag line coupling means and tower surface has little or no degree of freedom, as will be explained below. Furthermore, the tower is held securely at all times throughout the manoeuvring procedure and can be rotated about the longitudinal axis by means of the winches, the tag line arrangement and the tag line coupling means.
  • the tower assembly is a wind turbine tower, for example of steel or concrete.
  • the tower assembly may be a complete tower or a tower section.
  • a tower mount may be a foundation for the tower, for example an offshore platform, tripod, etc.
  • the tower mount can be a previously placed "lower” tower section onto which a "higher” tower section is to be mounted.
  • the tower mount and tower are to be joined using some suitable connection means such as pin bolts and bushings which must be aligned before connecting the tower to the tower mount.
  • the lifting means comprises a hoist connecting means for connecting an upper part of the tower to a crane.
  • This can comprise a bearing wire, which can be connected in some suitable way to the top of the tower so that the tower can be lifted by the crane.
  • a bearing wire can be connected to a lifting yoke which in turn is connected to the top of the tower.
  • Such a lifting yoke can also be connected or mounted to allow a free rotation of the tower about its longitudinal axis when the winch drive unit is actuated.
  • the winch arrangement comprises a first winch realised to deploy a first tag line, a second winch realised to deploy a second tag line, and a controller for controlling the winches.
  • the winches can be controlled so that one winch deploys the same amount of tag line that is drawn in by the other winch, so that the tension in the tag lines is maintained at an essentially constant level.
  • This control technique may be used, for example, when the tower is positioned over the tower mount, but the corresponding fasteners are not correctly aligned, and a rotation about the tower longitudinal axis is required.
  • a "mooring" approach may be used, in which one winch holds its position, and the other winch either pays out or retracts its tag line.
  • This control technique may be used, for example, when the tower is not yet correctly positioned over the tower mount, and a lateral displacement is necessary between the tower and the tower mount.
  • the tag line coupling means of the tower manoeuvring arrangement does not require the use of any fasteners that must first be mounted to the tower and later removed again, with the inherent risk of damage to the tower surface. Instead, the contact surface of the tag line coupling means that is applied to the tower outer surface can effect a satisfactory connection on the basis of friction and/or negative pressure.
  • the tag line coupling means is characterized by a high degree of friction between its contact surface and the outer surface of the tower. This can be achieved in any suitable manner.
  • the tag line coupling means comprises a sling, and the contact surface of the sling is realised to extend about a circumference of the tower.
  • the sling can comprise a flexible band or strip of a suitable material such as a webbing sling or a standard nylon lifting sling to which a suitable anti-slip material such as rubber or silicon may be applied.
  • a suitable material such as a webbing sling or a standard nylon lifting sling to which a suitable anti-slip material such as rubber or silicon may be applied.
  • the surface properties of the material are preferably chosen so that the sling does not slip across the surface of the tower, but instead adheres to the tower outer surface on account of the friction between it and the tower surface.
  • the sling comprises a tag line connector for connecting to a tag line.
  • the sling preferably comprises a first tag line connector at one end for connecting to a first tag line, and a second tag line connector at its other end for connecting to a second tag line.
  • the sling is simply wrapped around the tower.
  • the ends of the sling have already been connected to the tag lines which can be held sufficiently taut to prevent the sling from slipping downwards before the manoeuvring process commences.
  • the sling can be made to extend at least half-way about the tower outer circumference in a lower tower region. Then, when one or more of the winches are actuated, the tag lines are deployed and the resulting change in length of the tag lines results in a displacement of the sling and a corresponding rotation of the tower, since the friction between sling contact surface and tower surface means that the tower must rotate when the sling is displaced.
  • the sling is dimensioned such that the contact surface of the sling exceeds the circumference of the tower by at least 150%, i.e. the portion of the sling in contact with the tower is at least one and a half times as long as the circumference of the tower. In a setup in which the tag lines run essentially parallel, this length ensures that the sling can be wrapped about the tower at least one and a half times, so that the contact area of the sling is applied to the tower surface about the entire circumference of the tower.
  • the tag line coupling means is characterized by a negative pressure connection between its contact surface and the outer surface of the tower.
  • the tag line coupling means comprises a suction element realised to attach to the outer surface of the tower.
  • a suction element can be a device such as a suction cup, a suction disc, etc., with a flexible body that can be deformed to expel air from the interior of the suction element, but which strives to retain its shape.
  • the suction element can be pressed onto the tower surface to expel air from the interior of the suction element. When the suction element is released (i.e.
  • the suction element comprises a means of expelling air from between its contact surface and the tower surface, for example a manually actuated lever for "pumping" the suction element, e.g. for repeatedly pushing the flexible body of the suction element inwards in order to expel air from its interior.
  • such a suction element comprises a tag line connector for connecting to a tag line.
  • the suction element can comprise an eyelet formed to accommodate the tag line or a connector such as a carabiner that can be connected to the tag line.
  • the flexible body of the suction element is preferably pressed onto the outer surface of the tower until sufficient air has been expelled from between the suction element and the tower surface. This ensures that a sufficient negative pressure can be been created. This step can be carried out prior to or after connecting the tag lines to the suction element.
  • the quality of the negative pressure connection may depend to a large extent on the porosity of the surface to which the suction element is attached. For example, an underpressure or vacuum may be maintained for a relatively long time if the tower outer surface is smooth and non-porous. That might already be the case when the tower is a steel tower, since construction steel is an essentially non-porous material.
  • the method also comprises the step of providing a non-porous surface region to which the suction element can be pressed.
  • a plain concrete tower outer surface may be sealed and/or painted in the region in which a suction element is to be attached.
  • a band or strip extending about the tower circumference and having a suitable width, may be coated or treated with an appropriate substance to reduce or eliminate any porosity of the tower material in that region. The suction elements will then adhere reliably to the tower surface when attached in that region.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a tower manoeuvring arrangement 1 according to the invention.
  • a crane 10 is used to hoist or lift a tower assembly 2 over a mount 3, for example an offshore monopile 3.
  • the crane 10 can be part of an installation vessel 8.
  • the tower 2 is suspended from a bearing wire 11 that allows a rotation R of the tower 2 about its longitudinal axis L.
  • the tower manoeuvring arrangement 1 comprises a sling 4 wrapped at least one and half times about the tower in a lower tower region.
  • the sling 4 has a high-friction inner surface 40 that lies against the tower outer surface 20.
  • Each end of the sling 4 is connected to a tag line 6A, 6B.
  • the tag lines 6A, 6B are deployed by winches 70A, 70B.
  • a first winch 70A can be seen in the diagram and the other winch 70B may be assumed to be behind the first winch 70A.
  • a "sideways" or lateral displacement of the tower can be effected by deploying both tag lines 6A, 6B by the same amount and in the same direction. This step can be done to achieve an initial alignment of the longitudinal axis L of the tower 2 with a central axis of the mount 3.
  • a rotation of the tower 2 relative to the mount 3 can then be effected by actuating the winches 70A, 70B independently of each other.
  • the winches 70A, 70B can be actuated at the same time but at different rates.
  • the diagram shows the sling 4 arranged at a lower level of the tower 2.
  • the sling 4 could equally well be deployed at an upper level of the tower, or even to a tower lifting arrangement.
  • the tower 2 can be raised by connecting the bearing wire 11 to a suitable interface element such as a flange gripper realised to grip an upper flange at the top of the tower 2.
  • the sling 4 could be arranged about the flange gripper, and the tag lines 6A, 6B could be arranged at a suitably high level.
  • a controlled and precise rotation R of the tower 2 can be achieved in a simple and effective manner by controlling the winches 70A, 70B and the tag lines 6A, 6B according to the desired degree of rotation R.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 indicate a cross-section through the tower 2, and show a sling 4 wrapped "one and a half turns" about the tower 2, and with both ends connected to tag lines 6A, 6B by means of connectors 41, for example swivel connectors 41 or carabiner connectors 41.
  • Fig. 2 shows an initial position in which the longitudinal axis L of the tower 2 is aligned with a vertical axis L of the mount. However, a tower reference point T must be brought into alignment with a corresponding point of the mount. To this end, as shown in Fig. 3 , the winches 70A, 70B are actuated to effect the desired rotation R, and Fig.
  • FIG. 3 shows the tower in a second position after alignment.
  • the tower 2 has been rotated slightly about its axis L so that the reference point T has been brought to the desired position, so that the tower 2 can be fixed to the mount.
  • the rotation R was made possible by the friction contact between the sling inner surface 40 and the tower outer surface 20.
  • Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a tower manoeuvring arrangement 1 according to the invention.
  • the tower manoeuvring arrangement 1 comprises a suction cup 5 mounted to the outer surface 20 of the tower 2.
  • the suction cup 5 has been pressed to the tower surface 20 to effect a negative pressure connection.
  • the diagram shows one suction cup 5, and a second suction cup 5 (not shown) is placed on the other side of the tower 2, essentially diametrically opposed to the first suction cup 5.
  • Each suction cup 5 is connected to a tag line 6A, 6B.
  • the tag lines 6A, 6B are deployed by winches 70A, 70B to effect a rotation R of the tower 2 so that an upper mating portion 31 of the tower 2 can be aligned with a lower mating portion 30 of the mount 3.
  • This diagram also shows an alternative hoisting arrangement, in which the upper part of the tower 2 is connected by means of a lifting yoke 12 to a bearing wire 11.
  • a lifting yoke instead of a lifting yoke, a standard lifting bracket could be used.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross-section through the suction cup 5 of the tower manoeuvring arrangement of Fig. 4 .
  • the suction cup 5 comprises a flexible body with a smooth inner surface 50, and was initially pressed to the outer surface 20 of the tower 2 to expel air from between the suction cup 5 and the tower surface 20. Once released, the flexible body of the suction cup 5 resumes its initial form, so that the pressure P N in the interior of the suction cup 5 is lower than the atmospheric pressure P A acting on the suction cup 5 from outside.
  • the negative pressure difference ensures that the suction cup 5 is effectively "pressed” onto the surface of the tower 2 until it is deliberately removed.
  • an edge of the suction cup 5 can be lifted slightly to equalize the pressure, allowing the suction cup 5 to be removed.
  • the quality of the surface contact between suction cup 5 and tower outer surface 20 can be improved by having previously applied a coating to that region of the tower surface to obtain a non-porous surface region 200.
  • Fig. 6 shows a tower manoeuvring arrangement in which a combination of sling 4 and suction cup 5 is used.
  • the sling 4 is not wrapped about the tower 2 but only completes a "half-turn" about the tower 2.
  • a suction cup 5 can be attached to the tower outer surface 20 at the level of the sling 4, and the sling 4 can be "fixed” relative to the tower 2 by fitting it over a fitting pin 52 of the suction cup 5.
  • the ends of the sling 4 can be connected to the tag lines 6A, 6B, and a rotation R of the tower 2 can be effected in the manner described above, namely by actuating winches to deploy one or both of the tag lines 6A, 6B until the desired alignment of tower and mount is achieved.
  • a friction contact between sling 4 and tower outer surface 20 is not strictly necessary, since the negative pressure connection fixes the suction cup 5 to the tower outer surface 20, and the fitting element 52 fixes the sling 4 relative to the suction cup 5. These measures can be sufficient to ensure that the sling 4 does not slip relative to the tower.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Turmmanövrieranordnung (1) zum Bringen einer Turmbaugruppe (2) in eine Montageposition in Bezug auf eine Turmaufnahme (3), wobei die Vorrichtung Folgendes umfasst:
    - ein Hebemittel (10, 11) zum Heben der Turmbaugruppe (2) über die Turmaufnahme (3),
    - ein Leitseilkopplungsmittel (4, 5), das so ausgelegt ist, dass es eine Leitseilanordnung (6A, 6B) lösbar mit der Turmbaugruppe (2) koppelt, wobei das Leitseilkopplungsmittel (4, 5) eine Kontaktfläche (40, 50) zum Anlegen an eine Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) umfasst, und
    - dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Windenanordnung (7) so ausgelegt ist, dass sie die Leitseile (6A, 6B) zum Bewirken einer kontrollierten Drehung der Turmbaugruppe (2) um eine Längsachse (L) der Turmbaugruppe (2) einsetzt.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Leitseilkopplungsmittel (4) durch starke Reibung zwischen seiner Kontaktfläche (40) und der Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) gekennzeichnet ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Leitseilkopplungsmittel (4) eine Schlinge (4) umfasst und die Kontaktfläche (40) der Schlinge (4) so ausgelegt ist, dass sie um einen Umfang der Turmbaugruppe (20) herum verläuft.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Schlinge (4) so bemessen ist, dass ihre Kontaktfläche (40) in einem Verhältnis von mindestens 1,5 zu 1 größer ist als der Umfang der Turmbaugruppe (20).
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, die ein Leitseilverbindungsstück (41, 51) zum Verbinden eines Leitseilkopplungsmittels (4, 5) mit einem Leitseil (6A, 6B) umfasst.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, die ein erstes Leitseilverbindungsstück (41) zum Verbinden mit einem ersten Leitseil (6A) und ein zweites Leitseilkopplungsstück (41) zum Verbinden mit einem zweiten Leitseil (6B) umfasst.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Leitseilkopplungsmittel (5) durch eine Unterdruckverbindung zwischen seiner Kontaktfläche (50) und der Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) gekennzeichnet ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, wobei das Leitseilkopplungsmittel (5) ein Saugelement (5) umfasst, das so ausgelegt ist, dass es sich an der Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) anbringen lässt.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, wobei ein Saugelement (5) ein Leitseilverbindungsstück (51) zum Verbinden mit einem Leitseil (6A, 6B) umfasst.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Windenanordnung (7) Folgendes umfasst: eine erste Winde (70A), die so ausgelegt ist, dass sie ein erstes Leitseil (6A) zum Einsatz bringt, eine zweite Winde (70B), die so ausgelegt ist, dass sie ein zweites Leitseil (6B) zum Einsatz bringt, und eine Steuerung (71) zum Steuern der Winden (70A, 70B).
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Hebemittel (10, 11, 12) ein Hebezeugverbindungsmittel (11) zum Verbinden eines oberen Teils der Turmbaugruppe (2) mit einem Kran (10) umfasst.
  12. Verfahren zum Manövrieren einer Turmbaugruppe (2) in eine Montageposition in Bezug auf eine Turmaufnahme (3), das folgende Schritte umfasst:
    - Heben der Turmbaugruppe (2) über die Turmaufnahme (3),
    - Anlegen einer Kontaktfläche (40, 50) eines Leitseilkopplungsmittels (4, 5) an eine Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) zwecks lösbarem Koppeln einer Leitseilanordnung (6A, 6B) mit der Turmbaugruppe (2) und
    - dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es das derartige Betätigen einer Windenanordnung (7) umfasst, dass die Leitseile (6A, 6B) der Leitseilanordnung (6A, 6B) zum Bewirken einer kontrollierten Drehung der Turmbaugruppe (2) um eine Längsachse (L) der Turmbaugruppe (2) eingesetzt werden.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei das Anlegen einer Kontaktfläche (40) des Leitseilkopplungsmittels (4) an eine Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) das Wickeln einer Schlinge (4) um die Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) umfasst.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, wobei das Anlegen einer Kontaktfläche (50) des Leitseilkopplungsmittels (5) an eine Außenfläche (10) der Turmbaugruppe (2) das Andrücken eines Saugelements (5) an die Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) umfasst.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, das das Bereitstellen eines nichtporösen Flächenbereichs (200) an der Außenfläche (20) der Turmbaugruppe (2) umfasst, an den das Saugelement (5) angedrückt werden kann.
EP13189319.0A 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Turmmanövrieranordnung Active EP2862832B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13189319.0A EP2862832B1 (de) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Turmmanövrieranordnung
PCT/EP2014/067391 WO2015055334A1 (en) 2013-10-18 2014-08-14 Tower manoeuvring arrangement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13189319.0A EP2862832B1 (de) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Turmmanövrieranordnung

Publications (2)

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EP2862832A1 EP2862832A1 (de) 2015-04-22
EP2862832B1 true EP2862832B1 (de) 2018-01-17

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3283428B1 (de) * 2015-07-21 2024-04-03 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Turmpositionierungssystem
US11603293B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2023-03-14 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Assembly for rotating a suspended load
CN110795875B (zh) * 2019-10-14 2023-05-09 太原科技大学 一种风机轴-齿轮箱法兰连接校核方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110221215A1 (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-15 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Methods and apparatus for handling a tower section of a wind turbine with a crane
DK2794455T3 (en) * 2011-12-22 2017-09-11 Vestas Wind Sys As PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING COMPONENTS FOR TRANSPORT AND COLLECTION

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EP2862832A1 (de) 2015-04-22

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