EP2861674A1 - Antifouling additive, method for producing the same and use thereof in coatings - Google Patents
Antifouling additive, method for producing the same and use thereof in coatingsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2861674A1 EP2861674A1 EP13725655.8A EP13725655A EP2861674A1 EP 2861674 A1 EP2861674 A1 EP 2861674A1 EP 13725655 A EP13725655 A EP 13725655A EP 2861674 A1 EP2861674 A1 EP 2861674A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fouling
- silica
- modified
- silicate
- particle size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 27
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 10
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 n- Propyl Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-[[1-[2-[2-[2-[4-(oxoazaniumylmethylidene)pyridin-1-yl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]pyridin-4-ylidene]methyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C1=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=CN1CCOCCOCCN1C=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=C1 UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFENDNXGAFYKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybutyric acid Chemical class CCC(O)C(O)=O AFENDNXGAFYKQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283203 Otariidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RSKGMYDENCAJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC RSKGMYDENCAJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006325 marine broth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OYGYKEULCAINCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(hexadecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC OYGYKEULCAINCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJROHELDTBDTPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F IJROHELDTBDTPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000556533 uncultured marine bacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1606—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
- C09D5/1612—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09D5/1618—Non-macromolecular compounds inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/19—Oil-absorption capacity, e.g. DBP values
Definitions
- Anti-fouling additives process for their preparation and their use in coatings
- the present invention relates to anti-fouling additives, a process for their preparation and their use in coatings.
- anti-fouling additives which function according to the chemical action principle, i. the antifouling mechanism of action is based on the release (leaching) of biocides, especially natural biocides, such as menthol, from the coating. Furthermore, anti-fouling additives are known, based on physical principles of action, such as
- JP10025427A and JP09053612A Through the use of finely divided particles or fibers, a ternary boundary layer air-water-paint is formed, which has a positive effect on the
- JP08268377A describes as an alternative the supply of air by means of compressors, which is of little relevance for certain applications.
- CN101792534A discloses micro- and nanostructured surfaces with anti-fouling activity, which are made by molding the surface (molds). In this way, natural antifouling surfaces (e.g., sharkskin) based on physical principles of action may be ideal
- nanostructured coating systems based on nanoscale hydrophobic particles are known from DE102006030055A1. However, these are less stable under mechanical stress, as the
- structured surfaces e.g.
- microorganisms use other feature sizes to macro-organisms such as mussels and algae.
- EP1591509A1 describes the production of a lotus surface by ceramic hollow microspheres, which in turn
- Nanoparticles e.g., aluminum oxides, alumina hydrates, titanium dioxides, zirconia dioxides
- Nanoparticles are occupied and have improved life in the sense of conventional lotus effect applications (facades, buildings, roofs).
- EP1283077A1 describes a self-cleaning
- Particles which have antimicrobial properties, i. Agents are equipped so that the effect is not based solely on physical effects.
- US20080241408A1 describes the generation of a lotus surface, i. a liquid-repellent surface, with
- microstructured surfaces based on natural models can be done in addition to the use of particles by using fibers that adhere to
- WO2007108679A1 describes the use of ym fibers by
- electrostatic charge can be sprayed onto the wet paint and so a sea lion-like surface texture
- structured surfaces can also by
- Object of the present invention is a
- fouling additive to be provided, which incorporated in coatings a fouling effect, based on non-toxic physical principles of action, achieved and the anti-fouling coating in the
- Binder system be possible by adjusting the
- a further object of the present invention is to provide growth-reducing additives which are largely or completely biodegradable and / or biologically harmless.
- a further object is to provide fouling-reducing additives which ensure adequate anti-fouling protection both during travel and during lay periods of vessels or other objects in contact or coming into contact with water, in particular seawater.
- the present invention refers to the ability of organic chemicals to biodegrade, that is, to decompose by living things or their enzymes. Ideally, this chemical metabolism progresses to the full extent
- Ammonia is decomposed. This process can be analyzed analytically, e.g. be recorded by the indication of the half-life.
- Fouling in the context of the present invention refers to the property of anti-fouling additives
- the invention relates to a fouling-reducing additive containing at least
- a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel having an average particle size d 50 of 100-500 ⁇ m, preferably of 100-300 ⁇ m,
- a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel having a mean particle size d50 of 20-70 ym, preferably 20-50 ym and
- the antifouling additive may be free of biocides or biocidal substances.
- the silicas can be precipitated and / or pyrogenic silicas.
- precipitated silicas can be used according to EP 1398301 A2, EP 1241135 A1, EP 1648824 A1, EP 0798348 A1, EP 0341383 A1 or EP 0922671 A1.
- Precipitated or pyrogenic silicic acids and silica gels are already used as standard additives (for example for rheology control or matting) in paints, so that easy incorporation and uniform distribution of the additives according to the processes known to those skilled in the paint
- the three silicic acids, silicates or silica gels a) -c) can be mixed with one another in variable ratios.
- the mixing ratios and the amounts used can have a considerable influence on the resulting structures and thus on the anti-fouling effect.
- the mixing ratio of the silicic acids, silicates or silica gels a): b): c), based on the mass, may preferably be 3: 2: 1 to 0.5: 0.5: 1.
- other than the mentioned mixing ratios may prove to be advantageous.
- the silicas, silicates or silica gels a) -c) can be used modified.
- the modification can be done by a
- Methods of surface modification can be any combination
- silanes for surface modification it is possible, for example, to use the following silanes, individually or as a mixture:
- R is the same or different and is alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or butyl
- X C1 or Br
- R is the same or different and is alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or butyl
- alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or butyl,
- X C1 or Br
- m 0, l-20
- R is the same or different and is alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl or butyl
- Cyclic polysiloxanes D3, D4, D5 and their homologs where by D3, D4 and D5 cyclic polysiloxanes with 3, 4 or 5 units of the -0-Si (CH 3 ) 2 is understood, eg
- R 10 or R 11 or R 12 can be (CH 2 ) V -NH 2 and
- v 1-20
- m ' 0, 1, 2, 3, ... 100,000
- n' 0,1,2,3, ...
- the following substances may preferably be used as surface modifiers: octyltrimethoxysilane,
- Tridecaflourooctyltriethoxysilane Particularly preferred hexamethyldisilazane
- Octyltriethoxysilane or dimethylpolysiloxanes are used.
- the modification can be carried out by impregnation, for example with silicone oil, polyethylene glycol, polysaccharides, block copolymers, caprolactones, lactide and glycolide polymers,
- Polyvinyl acetate, alginate, gelatin, agar or pectin can be achieved.
- Silica gels can be incorporated into the coating systems analogously to the pure silicic acids, silicates or silica gels, with additional functionalities being produced which have a
- Processing properties in the paint can modify.
- the silicas, silicates or silica gels ac may be a mixture of unmodified and modified silicas.
- One, two or three of the three silicic acids, silicates or silica gels may be ac modified.
- Silicas and silicates a grindometer value of 10 to 45 ym, preferably 20 to 43 ym, and / or a tamped density of 50 to 350 g / 1 preferably 50 to 300 g / 1, and / or an oil number of 180 to 360 g / 100g and or a DBP number of 200 to 450 g / 100g, preferably 320 to 400 g / 100g, and / or a BET of 100 to 600 m 2 / g, preferably 200 to 550 m 2 / g, particularly preferably 300 to 550 m 2 / g, most preferably 350 to 500 m 2 / g, and / or a total pore volume of 6 to 14 ml / g (0.0042 - 414 MPa, 140 °) have.
- the silicas and silicates have several of the above
- Coating formulations coated surfaces can be created a microstructuring that affects biofilm growth and macro-fouling.
- the BET surface area is important to a sufficient amount
- the anti-fouling additive according to the invention may be a powder, preferably free-flowing powder. This means that the flowability of the product measured with the
- Outlet funnels according to DIN 53492 preferably has the value 1.
- the fouling-reducing additives according to the invention can therefore be processed and transported particularly well.
- Another object of the invention is a process for the preparation of the growth-reducing additive according to the invention, which is characterized in that a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel a) having a particle size of 100-500 ym, preferably 100-300 ym , a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel b) having a particle size of 20-70 ⁇ m, preferably 20-50 ⁇ m and a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel c) having a particle size of ⁇ 20 ⁇ m, preferably from 10nm-10 ym, mixes.
- the silicas, silicates or silica gels ac can be characterized in that a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel ac having a particle size of 100
- the modification can be done by a
- the mixing can be done, for example, in a kneader,
- the temperature in the mixing unit can be between 5 ° C and 120 ° C.
- the mixture can be done under air atmosphere.
- the fouling-reducing additive according to the invention can be described in
- Coating systems preferably paints used.
- Anti-fouling additive may be applied to the surface of objects to protect the surface of objects in contact with or coming into contact with water, especially seawater.
- Another object of the invention is a paint, which is characterized in that this at least a) a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel having an average particle size d 50 of 100-500 ⁇ m, preferably of 100-300 ⁇ m,
- a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel having a mean particle size d50 of 20-70 ym, preferably 20-50 ym and
- a modified or unmodified silica, silicate or silica gel having an average particle size d50 of ⁇ 20 ⁇ m, preferably of 10 nm-10 ⁇ m
- the paint according to the invention can be free of biocides or
- Silicates or silica gels a) -c) can be dispersed in any order in the finished paint formulation.
- Another object of the invention is a paint, which is characterized in that it contains the fouling-reducing additive according to the invention.
- the lacquer according to the invention may contain 1-40% by weight, preferably 10-20% by weight, of growth-reducing additive, based on the lacquer.
- the antifouling additive can be dispersed with moderate shear stress in the finished paint formulation and the paint
- the application technique can also have an influence on the resulting structure.
- surface-active groups can take place by utilizing the hydrolysis taking place upon contact with water.
- the silicas, silicates or silica gels for example, first modified or impregnated with a water-soluble polymer and then after the above
- Water-soluble polymers can be biodegradable and not
- the detachment of the polymer from the surface of the particles simultaneously removes the paint on the particle, thereby exposing the particle surface.
- the particle remains sufficiently surrounded by the coating matrix, so that the silica, silicate or silica gel are not exposed from the paint system and can escape from the paint matrix.
- hydrophilic spots can be generated in a hydrophobic matrix.
- These alternating surfaces in turn have particularly good anti-fouling properties.
- the paints prepared in this way show both in the laboratory bioassay against the test microorganism Ps.atlantica and in the field trial a fade-reducing effect in comparison to the reference system without the addition of the structuring elements.
- Another advantage that results from using the additives described is the increase in mechanical strength, as well as
- Biofouling are exposed. These are in particular sport boats, commercial ships, submerged in water structures and facilities such. B. Jetties, quay walls,
- DBP absorption which is a measure of the absorbency of a porous particle, is determined in accordance with DIN 53601 as follows:
- Granules will be the sieve fraction of 3.15 to 1 mm
- the DBP recording is in the unit [g / (100g)] without
- V consumption of DBP in ml
- the correction value K When using moist support materials, in particular precipitated silicas or silica gels, the correction value K must be taken into account for calculating the DBP absorption. This value can be determined from the following correction table, eg. For example, a water content of the support material of 5.8% would mean a 33 g / (100 g) addition for DBP uptake.
- the moisture of the carrier material is determined according to the method described below "Determination of moisture or dry loss".
- the determination of the oil number is carried out according to DIN EN ISO 787-5 with linseed oil.
- Carrier materials are determined according to ISO 787-2 after 2 hours of drying at 105 ° C. This
- Drying loss consists mainly of water moisture.
- execution In a dry weighing glass with ground cover (diameter 8 cm, height 3 cm) 10 g of the powdery, spherical or granular material are weighed to exactly 0.1 mg (weight E). The sample is dried with the lid open for 2 h at 105 ⁇ 2 ° C in a drying oven. Subsequently, the
- the determination of the particle distribution of the product systems according to the invention is carried out according to the principle of laser diffraction on a laser diffractometer (Horiba, LA-920).
- Dispersion with a weight fraction of about 1 wt .-% S1O 2 prepared by stirring the powder in water.
- the particle size distribution is determined from a partial sample of the dispersion with the laser diffractometer (Horiba LA-920). For the measurement a relative refractive index of 1.09 has to be chosen. All measurements are carried out at room temperature.
- the laser diffractometer Horiba LA-920.
- the mean particle size dso is automatically calculated and graphed by the instrument.
- the instructions in the operating instructions must be observed.
- BET surface area The specific nitrogen surface area (hereinafter referred to as BET surface area) of the powdery, approximately spherical particles or granular silicic acid is disclosed in US Pat
- the total pore volume is determined by means of mercury porosimetry. The method is based on the Hg
- the amount of silica in the Penetrometer Type 10 is accurate to 0.001 g and is for a good
- the reproducibility of the measurement is chosen such that the stem volume used, ie the volume of Hg volume used to fill the penetrometer, is 20% to 40%, then the penetrometer is slowly evacuated to 50 ym Hg and allowed to stand for
- the operation of the Autopore device is carried out according to the
- Indicated is the measuring vessel in which the powder just flows out without faltering.
- Example 1 Lacquer with modified silicic acids
- silica to be modified (Sipernat®22, Sipernat®50, Sipernat®50S) is initially charged in a mixer (Somakon laboratory mixer) according to the initial weight in Table 1 and the
- Modification used polymer Polyethylene glycol 10,000 from Aldrich
- aqueous solution 40 wt .-%)
- the mixing process will be stopped after another 15 minutes.
- the particles remain free-flowing. Subsequently, a drying step
- Table 1 shows the weights for each
- Sipernat®22, Sipernat®50 and Sipernat®50S are silicas from Evonik Industries.
- the growth-reducing additive according to the invention is obtained by mixing the modified silicic acids 1-3 in a weight ratio of 6: 4: 5 (mod.Sipernat.RTM. 22: mod. Sipernat.RTM .50: mod. Sipernat.RTM ) with a tumble mixer at 25 ° C, 30 min.
- composition paint a paint is prepared according to Table 2 (composition paint).
- the first component is first prepared by means of a dissolver (Dispermat, diameter: 80 mm, 2000 rpm, 30 min).
- Table 2 Table 2:
- the hardener (DYNASYLA AMEO) and the anti-fouling additive are dispersed (Dispermat,
- Diameter 40mm, 100pm, 10 minutes).
- the paint is sprayed (gun Sata Jet 90,
- Test surface are roughened PVC plates used (20x20cm for field trial; 7, 5x2, 5cm for laboratory test). After 8 hours, the coating according to the invention is cured and
- sampling in the field trial was carried out under dynamic conditions (sample Karrussel with 8h rotation, 8h stoppage, about 5 knots) in the North Sea (Hooksiel). Subsequently, the evaluation was carried out on the basis of weighing, ie determination of the
- the paint system according to the invention containing the fouling-reducing additive reduces the fouling mass by more than 30% in comparison to the reference paint without the fouling-reducing additive according to the invention.
- Example 2 Lacquer With Mixture of 3 Silicic Acids
- An inventive growth-reducing additive is prepared from the amounts of silicic acid types given in Table 3. The mixture is carried out in a tumble mixer at 25 ° C, 30 min.
- Example 1 a lacquer is produced.
- coating system according to the invention containing the fouling-reducing additive reduces the fouling mass by more than 40% compared to the reference coating without the fouling-reducing additive according to the invention.
- the lacquer according to the invention is exposed to the colonization in the test medium (artificial seawater with test germ) for 24 hours Subsequently, the analysis of the surface growth of the lacquer according to the invention takes place in comparison with the reference system without fouling-reducing additive
- the surface topography of the prepared paint surface according to the invention is determined by means of a stylus instrument (Hommelwerke, Turbo roughness V6.14). Table 4 shows the determined
- Sipernat®820A is an al-silicate from Evonik Industries.
- Anti-fouling additive (100% growth) increased microbial growth by> 50%.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012210294A DE102012210294A1 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2012-06-19 | Anti-fouling additives, process for their preparation and their use in coatings |
PCT/EP2013/060904 WO2013189699A1 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-05-28 | Antifouling additive, method for producing the same and use thereof in coatings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2861674A1 true EP2861674A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
Family
ID=48536861
Family Applications (1)
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EP13725655.8A Withdrawn EP2861674A1 (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2013-05-28 | Antifouling additive, method for producing the same and use thereof in coatings |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2861674A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2015521664A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20150024335A (en) |
CN (1) | CN104395410A (en) |
AR (1) | AR091472A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012210294A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW201418386A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013189699A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
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DE102015204896A1 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-09-22 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Paint system containing a antifouling metal oxide and a fumed silica |
WO2017010459A1 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-19 | 富士シリシア化学株式会社 | Composite gel, coating, coating film, and method for producing composite gel |
CN108137954B (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2021-03-19 | 佐敦公司 | Antifouling composition |
EP4003943B1 (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2024-05-01 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Methods for reducing fouling in upgrading reactors |
EP4157951A1 (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2023-04-05 | Nanophos SA | Silicone-epoxy compositions and protective coatings |
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DE3815670A1 (en) | 1988-05-07 | 1990-01-25 | Degussa | FINE-PARTICULATED SOFT SEEDS WITH HIGH STRUCTURE, METHOD FOR ITS MANUFACTURE AND USE |
JPH08268377A (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-15 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Surface construction of structure in contact with liquid |
JPH0953612A (en) | 1995-08-15 | 1997-02-25 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Forming method of submerged body surface having gas holing performance |
WO1997029157A1 (en) | 1996-02-07 | 1997-08-14 | Protective Research Industries Limited | Coating formulation |
IN191468B (en) | 1996-03-29 | 2003-12-06 | Degussa | |
JPH1025427A (en) | 1996-07-12 | 1998-01-27 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | Hydrophobic material for surface having gas holding capability |
US5902851A (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1999-05-11 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Resinous composition for foul releasing coat and coating articles |
DE19755287A1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 1999-07-08 | Degussa | precipitated silica |
DE10058616A1 (en) | 2000-11-25 | 2002-05-29 | Degussa | Precipitated silicic acid used as a carrier for feedstuffs, vitamins or catalysts, as a free-flow or anti-caking agent and in tires, has increased dibutyl phthalate absorption |
DE10117945A1 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-10-24 | Stiftung A Wegener Inst Polar | Biocide-free anti-fouling coating |
DE10139574A1 (en) | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-20 | Creavis Tech & Innovation Gmbh | Maintaining the lotus effect by preventing microbial growth on self-cleaning surfaces |
DE10241273A1 (en) | 2002-09-06 | 2004-03-18 | Degussa Ag | Efficient matting agents based on precipitated silicas |
AU2003289311A1 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-30 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. | Article having coating film thereon, method for manufacture thereof, and applying material for forming coating film |
JP2005053728A (en) | 2003-08-01 | 2005-03-03 | Dsl Japan Co Ltd | Amorphous silica particle having high oil absorption and high structural performance |
DE102004017584A1 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2005-10-27 | L. Böwing GmbH | Preventing deposit-formation on surfaces in contact with water, e.g. ships, oil platforms and cables, involves coating the surface with a paste containing liquid polyorganosiloxane and finely-divided inorganic filler |
DE102004020961A1 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-24 | Ceram Ag | Paint and / or coating material |
WO2007108437A1 (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-27 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Silica powder and use thereof |
DE602007010432D1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2010-12-23 | Materials Innoovation Ct B V | Anti-Fouling Fiber Coating for Ship's Structures |
DE102006030055A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Process for the preparation of a removable, anti-fouling coating |
EP1882722A1 (en) | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-30 | Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO | A coating composition |
US7732497B2 (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2010-06-08 | The Clorox Company | Colloidal particles for lotus effect |
DE102009028255A1 (en) | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Microstructured multifunctional inorganic coating additives to prevent fouling (biofilm growth) in aquatic applications |
CN101792534B (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2013-05-29 | 大连水产学院 | Method for manufacturing bionic micro-nano structure surface material with marine anti-pollution function |
US8853317B2 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2014-10-07 | Cabot Corporation | Coating comprising multipopulation fumed silica particles |
-
2012
- 2012-06-19 DE DE102012210294A patent/DE102012210294A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-05-28 CN CN201380032483.7A patent/CN104395410A/en active Pending
- 2013-05-28 WO PCT/EP2013/060904 patent/WO2013189699A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-05-28 EP EP13725655.8A patent/EP2861674A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-05-28 KR KR1020147035306A patent/KR20150024335A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-05-28 JP JP2015517653A patent/JP2015521664A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-06-14 TW TW102121120A patent/TW201418386A/en unknown
- 2013-06-18 AR ARP130102135 patent/AR091472A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2013189699A1 * |
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KR20150024335A (en) | 2015-03-06 |
AR091472A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
CN104395410A (en) | 2015-03-04 |
WO2013189699A1 (en) | 2013-12-27 |
DE102012210294A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
TW201418386A (en) | 2014-05-16 |
JP2015521664A (en) | 2015-07-30 |
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