EP2857533A1 - Device for metal extraction, in particular for extracting copper - Google Patents
Device for metal extraction, in particular for extracting copper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2857533A1 EP2857533A1 EP14186110.4A EP14186110A EP2857533A1 EP 2857533 A1 EP2857533 A1 EP 2857533A1 EP 14186110 A EP14186110 A EP 14186110A EP 2857533 A1 EP2857533 A1 EP 2857533A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- hood
- cooling
- walls
- converter hood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical class [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0041—Bath smelting or converting in converters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0041—Bath smelting or converting in converters
- C22B15/0043—Bath smelting or converting in converters in rotating converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
- F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for metal extraction, in particular a device for copper extraction, with a converter for receiving metal compounds or copper compounds to be reacted and with a converter hood connected to the converter for cooling the exiting the converter exhaust gases.
- a device for metal extraction in particular a device for copper extraction
- a converter for receiving metal compounds or copper compounds to be reacted with a converter hood connected to the converter for cooling the exiting the converter exhaust gases.
- a Peirce-Smith converter has a horizontally arranged cylindrical converter drum for receiving starting materials to be oxidized. Normally, these starting materials are copper and iron sulfides. Overall, an oxidation takes place in the converter to metallic or elemental copper and thereby produces exhaust gases in which sulfur dioxide is contained. About a discharge opening of the converter or the converter drum is usually provided a converter hood for cooling the exiting the converter hot exhaust gases. It is already known to cool the exhaust gases entering the converter hood with the aid of liquid cooling water passed through cooling tubes.
- the invention the technical problem underlying a device of the type mentioned above, with the above-described problems can be avoided and with the above all, a water-saving and energy-saving cooling of the exiting the converter exhaust gases is possible.
- the invention teaches a device for metal extraction and especially for copper extraction, - with a converter for receiving metal compounds to be reacted, in particular for receiving reacted copper compounds, as well as with a converter hood connected to the converter for cooling the at least one outlet opening the converter exiting hot exhaust gases, wherein the Konverterhaubenwandungen of a plurality or of a plurality of interconnected pipe sections are formed or substantially are formed and wherein a water vapor-water mixture is passed under pressure as the cooling medium through the pipe sections.
- a converter or as a melting furnace for example, a Peirce-Smith converter, a Teniente converter or a Noranda converter is used.
- a horizontally arranged cylindrical converter drum is present, in which, inter alia, copper starting materials to be oxidized are received.
- the exiting from the converter and entering the converter hood exhaust gases would normally have a temperature of 1200 to 1400 ° C, if not by entering false air a lower temperature of about 800 ° C would result.
- These exhaust gases must be further cooled because filters or electrostatic precipitators are arranged in downstream parts of the device, which are not suitable for such high temperatures or which must be operated at significantly lower temperatures.
- pipe sections or cooling pipe sections of the converter hood are cooled with a steam-water mixture under overpressure.
- the converter hood thus functions within the scope of the invention as a printing part.
- Empfohlenenuit the cooling of the converter hood on at least one circuit for the water vapor-water mixture. It can also be realized several such circuits.
- the invention is based on the finding that a very effective, water-saving and energy-saving and thus cost-saving cooling is possible by cooling the Konverterhaubenwandungen by standing under pressure water vapor-water mixture. It is within the scope of the invention that the inventive cooling of the converter hood walls in a water vapor-water mixture cooling of downstream system components, in particular in the corresponding Cooling of the converter hood downstream boiler device for further cooling of the exhaust gas can be integrated. In this way can be handled relatively sparingly with available water reserves.
- the pipe sections of the converter hood through which the steam-water mixture flows are arranged at a relatively small distance from each other.
- the pipe sections are formed as components of cooling coils and recommended it is as it were wound tubes.
- a proven embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the pipe sections are round or circular in cross-section.
- the pipe sections used for cooling the Konverterhaubenwandungen consist of metal or consist essentially of metal.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the converter has a rotatable converter drum, wherein the converter drum is equipped on its upper side with the at least one outlet opening for the exit of the hot exhaust gases, wherein the converter hood above the converter drum or above the outlet opening of the converter drum is arranged.
- the converter drum is independent of the converter hood rotatable.
- the converter drum is rotatable relative to the converter hood. It is within the scope of the invention that the converter drum is rotatable, while the converter hood is not rotatable or substantially non-rotatable.
- a boiler device for further cooling of the exhaust gas is arranged downstream of the converter hood in the flow direction of the exhaust gas to be cooled.
- at least part of the boiler walls of this boiler device with the aid of a steam-water mixture - in particular under pressure - cooled.
- pipe sections or interconnected pipe sections are also used to cool the boiler walls of the boiler device, which are flowed through with the water vapor-water mixture under pressure.
- a particularly recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steam-water-Ge-mixed circuit of the converter hood is connected to the steam-water mixture circuit of the boiler device.
- the converter hood with respect to the cooling is thus as it were part of the boiler or the boiler device of the system.
- This recommended embodiment of the invention has proven to be particularly energetically favorable.
- the cooling of the converter hood in a water vapor-water mixture cycle of the boiler device quasi no loss of water and insofar cause the measures according to the invention compared to the known measures described above a considerable water savings, which is particularly in water-poor areas, for example in northern Chile is very beneficial.
- the at least one circuit of the converter hood can be connected to the at least one circuit of the boiler device.
- a particularly recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the water vapor-water mixture for cooling the converter hood or the mixture in the pipe sections of the converter hood walls under a pressure of 15 to 85 bar, preferably under a pressure of 50 to 65 bar and more preferably under a pressure of 40 to 60 bar.
- the overpressure according to the invention of the water vapor-water mixture used for the cooling of the converter hood walls is advantageous for the inventive success.
- the temperature of the mixture used for cooling the converter hood walls is preferably 200 to 300 ° C., preferably 200 to 282 ° C., and particularly preferably 252 to 277 ° C. The abovementioned temperatures have proven particularly suitable for the operation of the device according to the invention.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the cooling of the converter hood is designed with the proviso that the temperature of the converter hood walls and in particular the temperature of the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls is less than 320 ° C and preferably less than 310 ° C.
- this temperature of the converter hood walls or the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls is realized at least in the first or in the lower part of the converter hood, which connects directly or directly to the converter or the outlet opening of the converter. It is recommended that the temperature of the converter hood walls and in particular the temperature of the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls 210 to 310 ° C, preferably 210 to 290 and particularly preferably 260 to 285 ° C.
- this temperature is 260 ° C or about 260 ° C.
- the invention is based on the finding that, while maintaining the above-mentioned temperature ranges undesirable or disadvantageous side effects can be avoided or largely avoided.
- corrosion problems - which arise in particular due to the sulphurous acid formed from the formation of sulfur dioxide - are reduced or largely reduced.
- adhesion of slag to the inner surfaces the Konverterhaubenwandungen and a corresponding disturbing chunk formation can be at least significantly reduced compared to known from practice measures.
- the pipe sections of a converter hood wall or the converter hood walls are connected to one another with the proviso that a flat or substantially planar inner surface of the converter hood wall or the converter hood walls results.
- Eben means within the scope of the invention, in particular, that no profilings formed on the inner surface by pipe rounding or pipe rounding are present.
- the inner surface of the Konverterhaubenwandung or the converter hood walls should therefore be as smooth as possible or substantially smooth.
- Such a design of the inner surface or of the inner surfaces is preferably realized in that connecting portions between the pipe sections are arranged tangent-shaped with respect to the circular cross-section or circular pipe sections.
- Such a flat, or smooth design of the inner surfaces can also be realized by ⁇ -shaped pipe sections are used for cooling the converter hood walls in cross-section.
- At least one seal or at least one false air seal is arranged between the converter and the converter hood.
- False air means within the scope of the invention air fractions that flow through the spaces between the converter and converter hood uncontrolled or undesirable in the converter hood and optionally in the downstream boiler device. Such a false air supply can lead to undesirable temperature changes or to an uncontrolled cooling within the converter hood or within the downstream boiler device come. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent or largely prevent the supply of false air. It is therefore within the scope of the invention that at least partially between the converter and the converter hood a seal or a Falush air seal for preventing the supply of false air is arranged in the converter hood.
- the seal or is the false air seal on the outside of the Konverterhaubenwandung and that expediently under bias.
- this seal or false air seal is firmly connected to the converter and expediently, the seal can rotate together with the rotatable converter drum.
- the converter drum is rotatable with the attached seal or false air seal independently of the converter hood and the seal or a sealing component of the seal abuts the outside of the converter hood wall and slides during the rotation of the converter drum as it were on the outside of the converter hood wall over.
- the seal or the sealing component of the seal is preferably under pretension on the outside of the converter wall.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in a converter hood wall or in the Konverterhaubenwandungen at least one for a controlled air supply in an open position pivotable hood flap is present.
- at least two hood flaps and preferably two hood flaps are provided.
- the two hood flaps are expediently arranged on opposite sides of the converter hood.
- Such a hood flap can be pivoted from a closed position to an open position and vice versa and expediently, the opening width of the resulting opening gap can be adjusted or regulated. In this way is a controlled air supply by opening the hood flap or by adjusting the opening width of the hood flap possible.
- a minimum amount of oxygen in the converter hood or in the device can be adjusted or ensured in a controlled manner.
- a pivotable hood flap is part of a Konverterhaubenwandung and thus expediently has a plurality of interconnected pipe sections, which pipe sections are flowed through by the water vapor-water mixture used for cooling under pressure.
- the pivot axis of a pivotable hood flap is arranged horizontally and preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the converter drum of the converter.
- hood flaps are realized within the scope of the invention and are provided on opposite sides of the converter hood according to the preferred embodiment, it is recommended embodiment, a larger area hood flap and a comparatively smaller area hood flap, which preferably also for the removal of slag, dust and which can serve chunk on the converter hood.
- a very preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that at least one hood flap by means of pipe joints is pivotable, which are flowed through by the used for cooling the converter hood walls or for cooling the hood flap water vapor-water mixture. It is within the scope of the invention that two such pipe joints are provided. It is expediently provided a pipe joint for the supply of the pressurized steam and a pipe joint for the removal of this water vapor.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that such a pipe joint is a Z-shaped pipe joint part or a Z-shaped pipe joint part through which water vapor flows having.
- the at least one hood flap is connected via flexible lines or via hose lines to the converter hood or to the pipe sections of the converter hood.
- the flexible lines or hose lines are then flowed through by the water vapor-water mixture used for cooling. They thus connect the cooling of the hood flap with the cooling of the other converter hood or the remaining converter hood walls.
- the invention is based on the finding that with the device according to the invention a very effective, targeted and controlled cooling of the exhaust gases entering the converter hood from the converter can take place.
- This cooling can be carried out in an advantageous manner with a relatively low water consumption and, moreover, the cooling by means of the device according to the invention is also characterized by a relatively low energy consumption or by an energy recovery. Therefore, the cooling of the exhaust gases in the converter hood can also be realized at relatively low cost.
- the temperature reached by the cooling can be adjusted in a targeted and controlled manner, so that undesired disadvantageous side effects can be largely avoided.
- slag and dust adhering to the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls can also be largely avoided or reduced, so that a chunk formation that does not disturb the process does not take place or substantially does not take place.
- the Fig. 1 1 shows a device according to the invention for copper extraction, with a converter 1 for receiving copper compounds to be converted and with a converter hood 2 connected to the converter 1.
- a converter hood 2 By means of the converter hood 2, hot exhaust gases emerging from the converter 1 or from an outlet opening 3 of the converter 1 are cooled ,
- the hot exhaust gases may have a temperature between 1250 and 1350 ° C.
- a Peirce-Smith converter, a Teniente converter, a Noranda converter or a melting furnace is used as the converter 1.
- the converter 1 has a rotatable converter drum 6, at the top of which the outlet opening 3 is provided for the outlet of the hot exhaust gases.
- the converter hood 2 is arranged above the rotatable converter drum 6 or above the outlet opening 3 of the converter drum 6.
- the converter drum 6 is rotatable independently of the converter hood 2.
- a boiler device 7 for further cooling of the exhaust gas is arranged downstream of the converter hood 2 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas to be cooled.
- the converter hood walls 4 of the converter hood 2 are formed by a plurality or by a plurality of interconnected pipe sections 5. Furthermore, according to the invention, a water vapor-water mixture under overpressure is passed through the pipe sections 5 as the cooling medium. Empfohlenenuit and in the embodiment, the interconnected pipe sections 5 are part of at least one water vapor-water mixture cycle for cooling the converter hood 2 and for cooling the converter hood walls 4. It is within the scope of the invention that adjacent pipe sections 5 of the cooling device a relative have small distance to each other (enlarged section of Fig. 2 such as Fig. 3A, B ). The pipe sections 5 are preferred and in the embodiment in cross-section circular.
- the cooling circuit of the converter hood 2 is connected to the cooling circuit of the boiler device 7.
- This embodiment has proven to be energetically particularly favorable and also associated with this embodiment, only a relatively small loss of water.
- the water vapor-water mixture is for cooling the converter hood 2 or the pipe sections 5 of the converter hood walls 4 under a pressure of 40 to 60 bar.
- the water vapor expediently has a temperature of 252 to 277 ° C.
- Empfohleneschreib the cooling of the converter hood 2 is designed with the proviso that the temperature of the converter hood walls 4 and in particular the temperature of the inner surface 9 of the converter hood walls 4 is less than 310 ° C.
- the temperature of the converter hood walls 4 and in particular the temperature of the inner surface 9 of the converter hood walls 4 is 260 ° C. or approximately 260 ° C.
- the temperature ranges or temperatures which are preferred within the scope of the invention can be set simply and easily with the pressurized steam-water mixture used as the cooling medium. With these temperatures, corrosion problems can be largely avoided and also adhesion of slag or the like to the inner surfaces 9 of the converter hood walls 4 can be reduced to a minimum.
- the pipe sections 5 of the converter hood walls 4 are connected to one another with the proviso that a flat inner surface 9 of a converter hood wall 4 results.
- the inner surfaces 9 of the converter hood walls 4 are preferably designed with the proviso that to the interior of the converter hood 2 out no profilings formed by pipe rounding or substantially no profilings formed by Rohrrundungen are present.
- Fig. 3 two preferred embodiments for the realization of such a flat or substantially flat inner surface 9 are shown.
- the circular cross-section pipe sections 5 are interconnected by connecting portions 14 which are arranged tangent-shaped with respect to the circular cross-section pipe sections 5.
- Fig. 3B become to realize the flat or substantially flat inner surfaces 9 of the cross-sectionally ⁇ -shaped pipe sections 5 used.
- the Fig. 4 shows a functioning as a false air seal seal 10 of the device according to the invention.
- the seal 10 is provided between the converter 1 and the converter hood 2 for the purpose of avoiding the intrusion of false air into the interior of the converter hood 2.
- the seal 10 or false air seal is firmly connected to the outside of the converter 1.
- the seal 10 has a sealing component 15 which expediently bears against the outside of the associated converter hood wall 4 under prestressing. Upon rotation of the converter 1, the sealing component 15 of the seal 10 thus slides sealingly along the outside of the converter hood 2.
- the voltage applied to the outside of the converter hood 2 sealing material of the sealing component 15 may consist of a preferred embodiment and in the embodiment of mineral wool.
- the intermediate space 16 formed between the converter 1 and the converter hood 2 is effectively protected from the ingress of false air into the interior of the converter hood 2. As a result, especially an uncontrolled cooling of the exhaust gases in the converter hood 2 is avoided.
- two hood flaps 11, 12 are arranged in opposite converter hood walls 4 of the converter hood 2, which can be opened for a controlled air supply. By adjusting the opening width, the air supply can be controlled or regulated.
- the hood flaps 11 and 12 is particularly to the Fig. 2 and 5 directed.
- a large hood flap 11 and on the other opposite side of the converter hood. 2 a smaller hood flap 12 is arranged.
- the pivot axes of these hood flaps 11, 12 are preferred and oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the converter drum 6 in the embodiment.
- both hood flaps 11, 12 as well as the other areas of the converter hood walls 4 are cooled by means of the cooled pipe sections 5.
- the hood flaps 11, 12 are pivotable by means of pipe joints 13, which are flowed through by the water vapor-water mixture used for cooling the converter hood walls 4 under pressure.
- the Fig. 5 shows the pipe joints 13 for the larger hood flap 11 of the converter hood 2.
- the pipe joints 13 have Z-shaped pipe joint parts. At the upper end of each Z-shaped pipe joint each pivot 17 is connected.
- a pipe joint 13 and by a Z-shaped pipe joint part is a supply of the pressurized water and the other opposite pipe joint 13 and the associated Z-shaped pipe joint part takes place a discharge of the water vapor-water mixture.
- Is in Fig. 5 has been clarified by appropriate arrows. - In the Fig.
- hood flaps 11, 12 and the larger hood flap 11 may be connected via a flexible hose 18 with the remaining converter hood 2. This flexible hose 18 is then traversed by the water or by the water vapor-water mixture instead of the pipe joint 13.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Metallgewinnung, insbesondere zur Kupfergewinnung - mit einem Konverter (1) zur Aufnahme von umzusetzenden Metallverbindungen, insbesondere zur Aufnahme von umzusetzenden Kupferverbindungen, sowie mit einer an den Konverter (1) angeschlossenen Konverterhaube (2) zur Kühlung der aus zumindest einer Austrittsöffnung (3) des Konverters (1) austretenden heißen Abgase, wobei die Konverterhaubenwandungen (4) von einer Mehrzahl von miteinander verbundenen Rohrabschnitten (5) gebildet werden bzw. im Wesentlichen gebildet werden und wobei durch die Rohrabschnitte (5) ein Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch unter Überdruck als Kühlmedium geleitet wird.The invention relates to a device for metal extraction, in particular for copper extraction - with a converter (1) for receiving metal compounds to be reacted, in particular for receiving reacted copper compounds, as well as with a to the converter (1) converter cap (2) for cooling of at least an outlet opening (3) of the converter (1) exiting hot exhaust gases, the converter hood walls (4) of a plurality of interconnected pipe sections (5) are formed or substantially formed and wherein through the pipe sections (5) a water vapor water Mixture is passed under pressure as the cooling medium.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Metallgewinnung, insbesondere eine Vorrichtung zur Kupfergewinnung, mit einem Konverter zur Aufnahme von umzusetzenden Metallverbindungen bzw. Kupferverbindungen sowie mit einer an dem Konverter angeschlossenen Konverterhaube zur Kühlung der aus dem Konverter austretenden Abgase. Die Gewinnung von Kupfer steht im Rahmen der Erfindung im Vordergrund. Dabei ergeben sich besondere Verhältnisse und Probleme.The invention relates to a device for metal extraction, in particular a device for copper extraction, with a converter for receiving metal compounds or copper compounds to be reacted and with a converter hood connected to the converter for cooling the exiting the converter exhaust gases. The production of copper is within the scope of the invention in the foreground. This results in special circumstances and problems.
Aus der Praxis ist es bekannt, Kupfer insbesondere mit Hilfe eines sogenannten Peirce-Smith-Konverters, eines Teniente-Konverters oder eines Noranda-Konverters zu erzeugen. Beispielsweise ein Peirce-Smith-Konverter weist eine horizontal angeordnete zylinderförmige Konvertertrommel für die Aufnahme von zu oxidierenden Ausgangsstoffen auf. Normalerweise handelt es sich bei diesen Ausgangsstoffen um Kupfer- und Eisensulfide. Insgesamt findet in dem Konverter eine Oxidation zu metallischem bzw. elementarem Kupfer statt und dabei entstehen Abgase in denen Schwefeldioxid enthalten ist. Über einer Austrittsöffnung des Konverters bzw. der Konvertertrommel ist in der Regel eine Konverterhaube zum Kühlen der aus dem Konverter austretenden heißen Abgase vorgesehen. Es ist bereits bekannt, die in die Konverterhaube eintretenden Abgase mit Hilfe von durch Kühlrohre geleitetem flüssigen Kühlwasser zu kühlen. Mit diesen bekannten Maßnahmen ist ein relativ hoher Wasserverbrauch verbunden sowie ein verhältnismäßig hoher Energieverlust. Das ist vor allem in Gegenden mit geringem Wasservorkommen sehr nachteilhaft und dies kommt insbesondere in kupferreichen aber wasserarmen Gegenden Nord-Chiles zum Tragen. - Die Abgastemperatur in der Konverterhaube wird im Übrigen durch die Luft abgesenkt, die als Falschluft bzw. als Reaktionsluft in die Haube einströmt.In practice, it is known to produce copper in particular by means of a so-called Peirce-Smith converter, a Teniente converter or a Noranda converter. For example, a Peirce-Smith converter has a horizontally arranged cylindrical converter drum for receiving starting materials to be oxidized. Normally, these starting materials are copper and iron sulfides. Overall, an oxidation takes place in the converter to metallic or elemental copper and thereby produces exhaust gases in which sulfur dioxide is contained. About a discharge opening of the converter or the converter drum is usually provided a converter hood for cooling the exiting the converter hot exhaust gases. It is already known to cool the exhaust gases entering the converter hood with the aid of liquid cooling water passed through cooling tubes. With these known measures, a relatively high water consumption is connected and a relatively high energy loss. This is very disadvantageous especially in areas with low water resources, and this is particularly noticeable in copper-rich but arid areas of northern Chile. - The exhaust gas temperature in the converter hood is lowered by the way by the air, which flows as a false air or as reaction air in the hood.
Bei bislang bekannten Maßnahmen zur Kühlung der aus dem Konverter austretenden Abgase ist auch die Einstellung bzw. Regulierung der Temperatur der Konverterhaubenwandungen häufig problematisch. Das wirkt sich vor allem auf die bei der Kupfererzeugung entstehenden Abgase sehr nachteilhaft aus. Bei zu niedrigen Temperaturen der Konverterhaubenwandung findet eine Reaktion des entstehenden Schwefeldioxids zur schwefeligen Säure oder sogar zur Schwefelsäure statt. Dadurch werden metallische Baukomponenten, insbesondere metallische Kühlrohre im Extremfall erheblich korrosiv beeinträchtigt. Anderseits kann es bei zu hohen Temperaturen der Konverterhaubenwandungen zu einem Anhaften von Schlacke aus dem Konverter kommen sowie zu einer den Kupfergewinnungsprozess störenden Brockenbildung. Somit sind die aus der Praxis bekannten Maßnahmen verbesserungsbedürftig.In previously known measures for cooling the exiting the converter exhaust gases and the adjustment or regulation of the temperature of the Konverterhaubenwandungen is often problematic. This has a particularly detrimental effect on the exhaust gases produced during copper production. If the converter hood wall temperatures are too low, a reaction of the resulting sulfur dioxide to the sulfurous acid or even to sulfuric acid takes place. As a result, metallic structural components, in particular metallic cooling tubes are affected in a very significant corrosive extreme. On the other hand, if the converter hood walls have too high temperatures, slag may adhere to the converter as well as a formation of chunks that disturbs the copper extraction process. Thus, the measures known from practice measures in need of improvement.
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit der die vorstehend beschriebenen Probleme vermieden werden können und mit der vor allem eine wassersparende und energiesparende Kühlung der aus dem Konverter austretenden Abgase möglich ist.In contrast, the invention, the technical problem underlying a device of the type mentioned above, with the above-described problems can be avoided and with the above all, a water-saving and energy-saving cooling of the exiting the converter exhaust gases is possible.
Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Metallgewinnung und vor allem zur Kupfergewinnung, - mit einem Konverter zur Aufnahme von umzusetzenden Metallverbindungen, insbesondere zur Aufnahme von umzusetzenden Kupferverbindungen, sowie mit einer an den Konverter angeschlossen Konverterhaube zur Kühlung der aus zumindest einer Austrittsöffnung des Konverters austretenden heißen Abgase, wobei die Konverterhaubenwandungen von einer Mehrzahl bzw. von einer Vielzahl von miteinander verbunden Rohrabschnitten gebildet werden bzw. im Wesentlichen gebildet werden und wobei durch die Rohrabschnitte ein Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch unter Überdruck als Kühlmedium geleitet wird.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a device for metal extraction and especially for copper extraction, - with a converter for receiving metal compounds to be reacted, in particular for receiving reacted copper compounds, as well as with a converter hood connected to the converter for cooling the at least one outlet opening the converter exiting hot exhaust gases, wherein the Konverterhaubenwandungen of a plurality or of a plurality of interconnected pipe sections are formed or substantially are formed and wherein a water vapor-water mixture is passed under pressure as the cooling medium through the pipe sections.
Als Konverter oder als Schmelzofen wird beispielsweise ein Peirce-Smith-Konverter, ein Teniente-Konverter oder ein Noranda-Konverter eingesetzt. Dabei ist insbesondere eine horizontal angeordnete zylinderförmige Konvertertrommel vorhanden, in der vorzugsweise unter anderem zu oxidierende Kupferausgangsstoffe aufgenommen werden. - Die aus dem Konverter austretenden und in die Konverterhaube eintretenden Abgase hätten normalerweise eine Temperatur von 1200 bis 1400 °C, wenn nicht durch eintretende Falschluft eine geringere Temperatur von ca. 800 °C resultieren würde. Diese Abgase müssen weiter gekühlt werden, weil in nachgeschalteten Vorrichtungsteilen Filter bzw. Elektrofilter angeordnet sind, die für so hohe Temperaturen nicht geeignet sind bzw. die bei deutlich geringeren Temperaturen betrieben werden müssen.As a converter or as a melting furnace, for example, a Peirce-Smith converter, a Teniente converter or a Noranda converter is used. In particular, a horizontally arranged cylindrical converter drum is present, in which, inter alia, copper starting materials to be oxidized are received. - The exiting from the converter and entering the converter hood exhaust gases would normally have a temperature of 1200 to 1400 ° C, if not by entering false air a lower temperature of about 800 ° C would result. These exhaust gases must be further cooled because filters or electrostatic precipitators are arranged in downstream parts of the device, which are not suitable for such high temperatures or which must be operated at significantly lower temperatures.
Erfindungsgemäß werden Rohrabschnitte bzw. Kühlrohrabschnitte der Konverterhaube mit einem unter Überdruck stehendem Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch gekühlt. Die Konverterhaube funktioniert somit im Rahmen der Erfindung als Druckteil. Empfohlenermaßen weist die Kühlung der Konverterhaube zumindest einen Kreislauf für das Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch auf. Es können auch mehrere solcher Kreisläufe realisiert sein.According to the invention, pipe sections or cooling pipe sections of the converter hood are cooled with a steam-water mixture under overpressure. The converter hood thus functions within the scope of the invention as a printing part. Empfohlenermaßen, the cooling of the converter hood on at least one circuit for the water vapor-water mixture. It can also be realized several such circuits.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass durch die Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen durch ein unter Überdruck stehendes Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch eine sehr effektive, wassersparende sowie energiesparende und damit kosteneinsparende Kühlung möglich ist. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die erfindungsgemäße Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen in eine Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch-Kühlung von nachgeschalteten Anlagenkomponenten, insbesondere in die entsprechende Kühlung einer der Konverterhaube nachgeschalteten Kesselvorrichtung zur weiteren Kühlung des Abgases integriert werden kann. Auf diese Weise kann mit zur Verfügung stehenden Wasserreserven verhältnismäßig sparsam umgegangen werden.The invention is based on the finding that a very effective, water-saving and energy-saving and thus cost-saving cooling is possible by cooling the Konverterhaubenwandungen by standing under pressure water vapor-water mixture. It is within the scope of the invention that the inventive cooling of the converter hood walls in a water vapor-water mixture cooling of downstream system components, in particular in the corresponding Cooling of the converter hood downstream boiler device for further cooling of the exhaust gas can be integrated. In this way can be handled relatively sparingly with available water reserves.
Es liegt weiterhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die von dem Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch durchströmten Rohrabschnitte der Konverterhaube mit verhältnismäßig geringem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Rohrabschnitte als Bestandteile von Kühlschlangen ausgebildet und empfohlenermaßen handelt es sich dabei gleichsam um gewickelte Rohre. Eine bewährte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohrabschnitte im Querschnitt rund bzw. kreisförmig ausgebildet sind. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die zur Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen eingesetzten Rohrabschnitte aus Metall bestehen bzw. im Wesentlichen aus Metall bestehen.It is also within the scope of the invention that the pipe sections of the converter hood through which the steam-water mixture flows are arranged at a relatively small distance from each other. Conveniently, the pipe sections are formed as components of cooling coils and recommended it is as it were wound tubes. A proven embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the pipe sections are round or circular in cross-section. It is within the scope of the invention that the pipe sections used for cooling the Konverterhaubenwandungen consist of metal or consist essentially of metal.
Es wurde bereits oben darauf hingewiesen, dass gemäß empfohlener Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Konverter ein Peirce-Smith-Konverter, ein Teniente-Konverter oder ein Noranda-Konverter eingesetzt wird. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Konverter eine drehbare Konvertertrommel aufweist, wobei die Konvertertrommel an ihrer Oberseite mit der zumindest einen Austrittsöffnung für den Austritt der heißen Abgase ausgestattet ist, wobei die Konverterhaube oberhalb der Konvertertrommel bzw. oberhalb der Austrittsöffnung der Konvertertrommel angeordnet ist. Empfohlenermaßen ist die Konvertertrommel unabhängig von der Konverterhaube drehbar. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Konvertertrommel relativ zur Konverterhaube drehbar. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Konvertertrommel drehbar ist, während die Konverterhaube nicht drehbar bzw. im Wesentlichen nicht drehbar ist.It has already been pointed out above that according to the recommended embodiment of the invention, a Peirce-Smith converter, a Teniente converter or a Noranda converter is used as the converter. A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the converter has a rotatable converter drum, wherein the converter drum is equipped on its upper side with the at least one outlet opening for the exit of the hot exhaust gases, wherein the converter hood above the converter drum or above the outlet opening of the converter drum is arranged. Empfohlenermaßen the converter drum is independent of the converter hood rotatable. Conveniently, the converter drum is rotatable relative to the converter hood. It is within the scope of the invention that the converter drum is rotatable, while the converter hood is not rotatable or substantially non-rotatable.
Es liegt fernerhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass in Strömungsrichtung des zu kühlenden Abgases hinter der Konverterhaube eine Kesselvorrichtung zur weiteren Abkühlung des Abgases angeordnet ist. Zweckmäßigerweise wird zumindest ein Teil der Kesselwandungen dieser Kesselvorrichtung mit Hilfe eines Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisches - insbesondere unter Überdruck - gekühlt. Vorzugsweise werden zur Kühlung der Kesselwandungen der Kesselvorrichtung ebenfalls Rohrabschnitte bzw. miteinander verbundene Rohrabschnitte eingesetzt, die mit dem Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch unter Überdruck durchströmt werden. - Eine besonders empfohlene Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserdampf-Wasser-Ge-misch-Kreislauf der Konverterhaube an den Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch-Kreislauf der Kesselvorrichtung angeschlossen ist. Bei dieser sehr bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Konverterhaube bezüglich der Kühlung somit gleichsam Bestandteil des Kessels bzw. der Kesselvorrichtung der Anlage. Diese empfohlene Ausführungsform der Erfindung hat sich als besonders energetisch günstig bewährt. Fernerhin findet durch die Einbeziehung der Kühlung der Konverterhaube in einen Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch-Kreislauf der Kesselvorrichtung quasi kein Wasserverlust statt und insoweit bedingen die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen gegenüber den eingangs beschriebenen bekannten Maßnahmen eine beachtliche Wassereinsparung, was insbesondere in wasserarmen Gegenden, beispielsweise in Nord-Chile sehr vorteilhaft ist. Es liegt im Übrigen im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der zumindest eine Kreislauf der Konverterhaube zu dem zumindest einen Kreislauf der Kesselvorrichtung zugeschaltet werden kann.It is also within the scope of the invention that a boiler device for further cooling of the exhaust gas is arranged downstream of the converter hood in the flow direction of the exhaust gas to be cooled. Conveniently, at least part of the boiler walls of this boiler device with the aid of a steam-water mixture - in particular under pressure - cooled. Preferably, pipe sections or interconnected pipe sections are also used to cool the boiler walls of the boiler device, which are flowed through with the water vapor-water mixture under pressure. - A particularly recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the steam-water-Ge-mixed circuit of the converter hood is connected to the steam-water mixture circuit of the boiler device. In this very preferred embodiment, the converter hood with respect to the cooling is thus as it were part of the boiler or the boiler device of the system. This recommended embodiment of the invention has proven to be particularly energetically favorable. Furthermore, by including the cooling of the converter hood in a water vapor-water mixture cycle of the boiler device quasi no loss of water and insofar cause the measures according to the invention compared to the known measures described above a considerable water savings, which is particularly in water-poor areas, for example in northern Chile is very beneficial. Incidentally, it is within the scope of the invention that the at least one circuit of the converter hood can be connected to the at least one circuit of the boiler device.
Eine besonders empfohlene Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch zur Kühlung der Konverterhaube bzw. das Gemisch in den Rohrabschnitten der Konverterhaubenwandungen unter einem Überdruck von 15 bis 85 bar, bevorzugt unter einem Druck von 50 bis 65 bar und besonders bevorzugt unter einem Druck von 40 bis 60 bar steht. Der erfindungsgemäße Überdruck des für die Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen eingesetzten Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisches ist vorteilhaft für den erfindungsgemäßen Erfolg. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Temperatur des für die Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen eingesetzten Gemisches 200 bis 300 °C, bevorzugt 200 bis 282 °C und besonders bevorzugt 252 bis 277 °C. Die vorstehend genannten Temperaturen haben sich für den Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung besonders bewährt.A particularly recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the water vapor-water mixture for cooling the converter hood or the mixture in the pipe sections of the converter hood walls under a pressure of 15 to 85 bar, preferably under a pressure of 50 to 65 bar and more preferably under a pressure of 40 to 60 bar. The overpressure according to the invention of the water vapor-water mixture used for the cooling of the converter hood walls is advantageous for the inventive success. The temperature of the mixture used for cooling the converter hood walls is preferably 200 to 300 ° C., preferably 200 to 282 ° C., and particularly preferably 252 to 277 ° C. The abovementioned temperatures have proven particularly suitable for the operation of the device according to the invention.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlung der Konverterhaube mit der Maßgabe ausgelegt ist, dass die Temperatur der Konverterhaubenwandungen und insbesondere die Temperatur der Innenoberflächen der Konverterhaubenwandungen kleiner als 320 °C und vorzugsweise kleiner als 310 °C ist. Zweckmäßigerweise ist diese Temperatur der Konverterhaubenwandungen bzw. der Innenoberflächen der Konverterhaubenwandungen zumindest im ersten bzw. im unteren Teil der Konverterhaube verwirklicht, der direkt bzw. unmittelbar an den Konverter bzw. die Austrittsöffnung des Konverters anschließt. Es empfiehlt sich, dass die Temperatur der Konverterhaubenwandungen und insbesondere die Temperatur der Innenoberflächen der Konverterhaubenwandungen 210 bis 310 °C, bevorzugt 210 bis 290 und besonders bevorzugt 260 bis 285 °C beträgt. Zweckmäßigerweise beträgt diese Temperatur 260 °C bzw. in etwa 260 °C. Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass bei Einhaltung der vorstehend aufgeführten Temperaturbereiche unerwünschte bzw. nachteilhafte Nebeneffekte vermieden bzw. weitgehend vermieden werden können. So werden Korrosionsprobleme - die insbesondere aufgrund der aus entstehendem Schwefeldioxid gebildeten schwefligen Säure entstehen - reduziert bzw. weitgehend reduziert. Auch ein Anhaften von Schlacke an den Innenoberflächen der Konverterhaubenwandungen und eine entsprechende störende Brockenbildung kann im Vergleich zu aus der Praxis bekannten Maßnahmen zumindest deutlich reduziert werden.A particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the cooling of the converter hood is designed with the proviso that the temperature of the converter hood walls and in particular the temperature of the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls is less than 320 ° C and preferably less than 310 ° C. Conveniently, this temperature of the converter hood walls or the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls is realized at least in the first or in the lower part of the converter hood, which connects directly or directly to the converter or the outlet opening of the converter. It is recommended that the temperature of the converter hood walls and in particular the temperature of the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls 210 to 310 ° C, preferably 210 to 290 and particularly preferably 260 to 285 ° C. Conveniently, this temperature is 260 ° C or about 260 ° C. The invention is based on the finding that, while maintaining the above-mentioned temperature ranges undesirable or disadvantageous side effects can be avoided or largely avoided. Thus, corrosion problems - which arise in particular due to the sulphurous acid formed from the formation of sulfur dioxide - are reduced or largely reduced. Also adhesion of slag to the inner surfaces the Konverterhaubenwandungen and a corresponding disturbing chunk formation can be at least significantly reduced compared to known from practice measures.
Nach einer besonders empfohlenen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Rohrabschnitte einer Konverterhaubenwandung bzw. der Konverterhaubenwandungen mit der Maßgabe miteinander verbunden, dass eine ebene bzw. eine im Wesentlichen ebene Innenoberfläche der Konverterhaubenwandung bzw. der Konverterhaubenwandungen resultiert. Eben meint dabei im Rahmen der Erfindung insbesondere, dass keine an der Innenoberfläche durch Rohrrundungen bzw. Rohrabrundungen gebildeten Profilierungen vorhanden sind. Die Innenoberfläche der Konverterhaubenwandung bzw. der Konverterhaubenwandungen soll also möglichst glatt bzw. im Wesentlichen glatt ausgebildet sein. Eine solche Ausbildung der Innenoberfläche bzw. der Innenoberflächen wird vorzugsweise dadurch realisiert, dass Verbindungsabschnitte zwischen den Rohrabschnitten tangentenförmig bezüglich der im Querschnitt runden bzw. kreisförmigen Rohrabschnitte angeordnet sind. Eine solche ebene, bzw. glatte Ausgestaltung der Innenoberflächen kann auch realisiert werden, indem im Querschnitt Ω-förmige Rohrabschnitte für die Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen eingesetzt werden.According to a particularly recommended embodiment of the invention, the pipe sections of a converter hood wall or the converter hood walls are connected to one another with the proviso that a flat or substantially planar inner surface of the converter hood wall or the converter hood walls results. Eben means within the scope of the invention, in particular, that no profilings formed on the inner surface by pipe rounding or pipe rounding are present. The inner surface of the Konverterhaubenwandung or the converter hood walls should therefore be as smooth as possible or substantially smooth. Such a design of the inner surface or of the inner surfaces is preferably realized in that connecting portions between the pipe sections are arranged tangent-shaped with respect to the circular cross-section or circular pipe sections. Such a flat, or smooth design of the inner surfaces can also be realized by Ω-shaped pipe sections are used for cooling the converter hood walls in cross-section.
Vorzugsweise ist zwischen dem Konverter und der Konverterhaube zumindest eine Dichtung bzw. zumindest eine Falschluftdichtung angeordnet. Falschluft meint im Rahmen der Erfindung Luftanteile, die durch die Zwischenräume zwischen Konverter und Konverterhaube unkontrolliert bzw. unerwünscht in die Konverterhaube und gegebenenfalls in die nachgeschaltete Kesselvorrichtung einströmen. Durch eine derartige Falschluftzufuhr kann es zu unerwünschten Temperaturänderungen bzw. zu einer unkontrollierten Abkühlung innerhalb der Konverterhaube oder innerhalb der nachgeschalteten Kesselvorrichtung kommen. Von daher ist es erwünscht, die Zufuhr von Falschluft zu verhindern bzw. weitgehend zu verhindern. Es liegt daher im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass zumindest bereichsweise zwischen dem Konverter und der Konverterhaube eine Dichtung bzw. eine Falschluftdichtung zur Verhinderung der Zufuhr von Falschluft in die Konverterhaube angeordnet ist. Nach einer empfohlenen Ausführungsvariante liegt die Dichtung bzw. liegt die Falschluftdichtung an der Außenseite der Konverterhaubenwandung an und zwar zweckmäßigerweise unter Vorspannung. Bevorzugt ist diese Dichtung bzw. Falschluftdichtung fest an den Konverter angeschlossen und zweckmäßigerweise kann die Dichtung zusammen mit der drehbaren Konvertertrommel drehen. Somit ist die Konvertertrommel mit der angeschlossenen Dichtung bzw. Falschluftdichtung unabhängig von der Konverterhaube drehbar und die Dichtung bzw. eine Dichtkomponente der Dichtung liegt an der Außenseite der Konverterhaubenwandung an und gleitet bei der Drehung der Konvertertrommel gleichsam an der Außenseite der Konverterhaubenwandung vorbei. Dabei liegt die Dichtung bzw. die Dichtkomponente der Dichtung vorzugsweise unter Vorspannung an der Außenseite der Konverterwandung an.Preferably, at least one seal or at least one false air seal is arranged between the converter and the converter hood. False air means within the scope of the invention air fractions that flow through the spaces between the converter and converter hood uncontrolled or undesirable in the converter hood and optionally in the downstream boiler device. Such a false air supply can lead to undesirable temperature changes or to an uncontrolled cooling within the converter hood or within the downstream boiler device come. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent or largely prevent the supply of false air. It is therefore within the scope of the invention that at least partially between the converter and the converter hood a seal or a Falush air seal for preventing the supply of false air is arranged in the converter hood. According to a recommended embodiment, the seal or is the false air seal on the outside of the Konverterhaubenwandung and that expediently under bias. Preferably, this seal or false air seal is firmly connected to the converter and expediently, the seal can rotate together with the rotatable converter drum. Thus, the converter drum is rotatable with the attached seal or false air seal independently of the converter hood and the seal or a sealing component of the seal abuts the outside of the converter hood wall and slides during the rotation of the converter drum as it were on the outside of the converter hood wall over. In this case, the seal or the sealing component of the seal is preferably under pretension on the outside of the converter wall.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer Konverterhaubenwandung bzw. in den Konverterhaubenwandungen zumindest eine für eine kontrollierte Luftzufuhr in eine Offenstellung schwenkbare Haubenklappe vorhanden ist. Nach einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung sind zumindest zwei Haubenklappen und bevorzugt zwei Haubenklappen vorgesehen. Dabei sind die beiden Haubenklappen zweckmäßigerweise an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Konverterhaube angeordnet. Eine solche Haubenklappe kann von einer Geschlossenstellung in eine Offenstellung verschwenkt werden und umgekehrt und zweckmäßigerweise kann die Öffnungsweite des dabei resultierenden Öffnungsspaltes eingestellt bzw. geregelt werden. Auf diese Weise ist eine kontrollierte Luftzufuhr durch Öffnung der Haubenklappe bzw. durch Einstellung der Öffnungsweite der Haubenklappe möglich. So kann auf kontrollierte Weise eine Mindest-Sauerstoffmenge in der Konverterhaube bzw. in der Vorrichtung eingestellt bzw. sichergestellt werden. Es liegt im Übrigen im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass eine solche schwenkbare Haubenklappe Bestandteil einer Konverterhaubenwandung ist und somit zweckmäßigerweise eine Mehrzahl von miteinander verbundenen Rohrabschnitten aufweist, welche Rohrabschnitte von dem zur Kühlung eingesetzten Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch unter Überdruck durchströmt werden. Vorzugsweise ist die Schwenkachse einer schwenkbaren Haubenklappe horizontal und bevorzugt parallel zur Längsachse der Konvertertrommel des Konverters angeordnet. Wenn im Rahmen der Erfindung zwei Haubenklappen realisiert sind und nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Konverterhaube vorgesehen sind, handelt es sich nach empfohlener Ausführungsform um eine flächenmäßig größere Haubenklappe und eine demgegenüber flächenmäßig kleinere Haubenklappe, die bevorzugt auch zur Entfernung der Schlacke, des Staubes und der Brocken an der Konverterhaube dienen kann.A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in a converter hood wall or in the Konverterhaubenwandungen at least one for a controlled air supply in an open position pivotable hood flap is present. According to one embodiment variant of the invention, at least two hood flaps and preferably two hood flaps are provided. The two hood flaps are expediently arranged on opposite sides of the converter hood. Such a hood flap can be pivoted from a closed position to an open position and vice versa and expediently, the opening width of the resulting opening gap can be adjusted or regulated. In this way is a controlled air supply by opening the hood flap or by adjusting the opening width of the hood flap possible. Thus, a minimum amount of oxygen in the converter hood or in the device can be adjusted or ensured in a controlled manner. It is also within the scope of the invention that such a pivotable hood flap is part of a Konverterhaubenwandung and thus expediently has a plurality of interconnected pipe sections, which pipe sections are flowed through by the water vapor-water mixture used for cooling under pressure. Preferably, the pivot axis of a pivotable hood flap is arranged horizontally and preferably parallel to the longitudinal axis of the converter drum of the converter. If two hood flaps are realized within the scope of the invention and are provided on opposite sides of the converter hood according to the preferred embodiment, it is recommended embodiment, a larger area hood flap and a comparatively smaller area hood flap, which preferably also for the removal of slag, dust and which can serve chunk on the converter hood.
Eine sehr bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Haubenklappe mit Hilfe von Rohrgelenken verschwenkbar ist, die von dem zur Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen bzw. zur Kühlung der Haubenklappe eingesetzten Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch durchströmt sind. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass zwei derartige durchströmte Rohrgelenke vorgesehen sind. Dabei ist zweckmäßigerweise ein Rohrgelenk für die Zuführung des unter Überdruck stehenden Wasserdampfes vorgesehen und ein Rohrgelenk für die Abführung dieses Wasserdampfes. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein solches Rohrgelenk ein Z-förmiges Rohrgelenkteil bzw. ein von dem Wasserdampf durchströmtes Z-förmiges Rohrgelenkteil aufweist. - Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die zumindest eine Haubenklappe über flexible Leitungen bzw. über Schlauchleitungen mit der Konverterhaube bzw. mit den Rohrabschnitten der Konverterhaube verbunden ist. Die flexiblen Leitungen bzw. Schlauchleitungen werden dann von dem zur Kühlung eingesetzten Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch durchströmt. Sie verbinden somit die Kühlung der Haubenklappe mit der Kühlung der übrigen Konverterhaube bzw. der übrigen Konverterhaubenwandungen.A very preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that at least one hood flap by means of pipe joints is pivotable, which are flowed through by the used for cooling the converter hood walls or for cooling the hood flap water vapor-water mixture. It is within the scope of the invention that two such pipe joints are provided. It is expediently provided a pipe joint for the supply of the pressurized steam and a pipe joint for the removal of this water vapor. A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that such a pipe joint is a Z-shaped pipe joint part or a Z-shaped pipe joint part through which water vapor flows having. It is also within the scope of the invention that the at least one hood flap is connected via flexible lines or via hose lines to the converter hood or to the pipe sections of the converter hood. The flexible lines or hose lines are then flowed through by the water vapor-water mixture used for cooling. They thus connect the cooling of the hood flap with the cooling of the other converter hood or the remaining converter hood walls.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung eine sehr effektive, gezielte und kontrollierte Abkühlung der von dem Konverter in die Konverterhaube eintretenden Abgase erfolgen kann. Diese Abkühlung kann in vorteilhafter Weise mit einem verhältnismäßig geringen Wasserverbrauch durchgeführt werden und im Übrigen zeichnet sich die Abkühlung mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung auch durch einen relativ geringen Energieaufwand bzw. durch eine Energierückgewinnung aus. Von daher ist die Abkühlung der Abgase in der Konverterhaube auch mit verhältnismäßig geringen Kosten realisierbar. Die durch die Abkühlung erreichte Temperatur kann gezielt und kontrolliert eingestellt werden, so dass unerwünschte nachteilhafte Nebeneffekte weitgehend vermieden werden können. Das betrifft zum einen Korrosionserscheinungen, die vor allem durch aus Schwefeldioxid gebildete schwefelige Säure hervorgerufen werden. Zum anderen können auch Schlacken- und Staubanhaftungen an den Innenoberflächen der Konverterhaubenwandungen weitgehend vermieden bzw. reduziert werden, so dass eine den Prozess störende Brockenbildung nicht stattfindet bzw. im Wesentlichen nicht stattfindet.The invention is based on the finding that with the device according to the invention a very effective, targeted and controlled cooling of the exhaust gases entering the converter hood from the converter can take place. This cooling can be carried out in an advantageous manner with a relatively low water consumption and, moreover, the cooling by means of the device according to the invention is also characterized by a relatively low energy consumption or by an energy recovery. Therefore, the cooling of the exhaust gases in the converter hood can also be realized at relatively low cost. The temperature reached by the cooling can be adjusted in a targeted and controlled manner, so that undesired disadvantageous side effects can be largely avoided. This concerns on the one hand corrosion phenomena, which are mainly caused by sulphurous acid formed from sulfur dioxide. On the other hand, slag and dust adhering to the inner surfaces of the converter hood walls can also be largely avoided or reduced, so that a chunk formation that does not disturb the process does not take place or substantially does not take place.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Schnitt,
- Fig. 2
- ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt A aus der
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3A, B
- einen Schnitt B-B aus
Fig. 2 durch zwei Rohrabschnitte der erfindungsgemäßen Konverterhaube, - Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt durch eine Dichtungsanordnung für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung und
- Fig. 5
- eine Frontansicht auf den Gegenstand gemäß
Fig. 2 .
- Fig. 1
- a side view of the device according to the invention in section,
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged section A of the
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3A, B
- a cut BB off
Fig. 2 by two pipe sections of the converter hood according to the invention, - Fig. 4
- a section through a seal assembly for the device according to the invention and
- Fig. 5
- a front view of the object according to
Fig. 2 ,
Die
Erfindungsgemäß werden die Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 der Konverterhaube 2 von einer Mehrzahl bzw. von einer Vielzahl von miteinander verbundenen Rohrabschnitten 5 gebildet. Fernerhin wird erfindungsgemäß ein unter Überdruck stehendes Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch als Kühlmedium durch die Rohrabschnitte 5 geleitet. Empfohlenermaßen und im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die miteinander verbundenen Rohrabschnitte 5 Bestandteil zumindest eines Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch-Kreislaufes für die Kühlung der Konverterhaube 2 bzw. für die Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass benachbarte Rohrabschnitte 5 der Kühleinrichtung einen relativ geringen Abstand zueinander haben (vergrößerter Ausschnitt von
Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Kühlungskreislauf der Konverterhaube 2 an den Kühlungskreislauf der Kesselvorrichtung 7 angeschlossen. Somit ist die Konverterhaube 2 nach empfohlener Ausführungsform der Erfindung bezüglich der Wasserdampf-Wasser-GemischKühlung gleichsam Bestandteil des Kessels bzw. der Kesselvorrichtung 7. Diese Ausführungsform hat sich als energetisch besonders günstig erwiesen und außerdem ist mit dieser Ausführungsform lediglich ein verhältnismäßig geringer Wasserverlust verbunden.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling circuit of the
Vorzugsweise steht das Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch zur Kühlung der Konverterhaube 2 bzw. der Rohrabschnitte 5 der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 unter einem Druck von 40 bis 60 bar. Der Wasserdampf weist dabei zweckmäßigerweise eine Temperatur von 252 bis 277 °C auf. Empfohlenermaßen ist die Kühlung der Konverterhaube 2 mit der Maßgabe ausgelegt, dass die Temperatur der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 und insbesondere die Temperatur der Innenoberfläche 9 der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 kleiner als 310 °C ist. Zweckmäßigerweise beträgt die Temperatur der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 und insbesondere die Temperatur der Innenoberfläche 9 der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 260 °C bzw. in etwa 260 °C. Die im Rahmen der Erfindung bevorzugten Temperaturbereiche bzw. Temperaturen lassen sich mit dem als Kühlmedium eingesetzten unter Überdruck stehenden Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisches einfach und problemlos einstellen. Mit diesen Temperaturen können Korrosionsprobleme weitgehend vermieden werden und auch ein Anhaften von Schlacke oder dergleichen an den Innenoberflächen 9 der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 kann auf ein Minimum reduziert werden.Preferably, the water vapor-water mixture is for cooling the
Nach besonders empfohlener Ausführungsform der Erfindung und im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Rohrabschnitte 5 der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 mit der Maßgabe miteinander verbunden, dass eine ebene Innenoberfläche 9 einer Konverterhaubenwandung 4 resultiert. Dazu werden die Innenoberflächen 9 der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 vorzugsweise mit der Maßgabe ausgelegt, dass zum Inneren der Konverterhaube 2 hin keine durch Rohrrundungen gebildete Profilierungen bzw. im Wesentlichen keine durch Rohrrundungen gebildete Profilierungen vorhanden sind. In der
Die
Vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel sind in gegenüberliegenden Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 der Konverterhaube 2 Haubenklappen 11, 12 angeordnet, die für eine kontrollierte Luftzufuhr geöffnet werden können. Durch Einstellung der Öffnungsweite kann die Luftzufuhr kontrolliert bzw. geregelt werden. Bezüglich der Realisierung der Haubenklappen 11 und 12 wird insbesondere auf die
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform sind die Haubenklappen 11, 12 mit Hilfe von Rohrgelenken 13 verschwenkbar, die von dem zur Kühlung der Konverterhaubenwandungen 4 eingesetzten Wasserdampf-Wasser-Gemisch unter Überdruck durchströmt sind. Die
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202013104490U DE202013104490U1 (en) | 2013-10-02 | 2013-10-02 | Device for metal extraction, in particular for copper extraction |
DE202013104702U DE202013104702U1 (en) | 2013-10-02 | 2013-10-18 | Device for metal extraction, in particular for copper extraction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2857533A1 true EP2857533A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
EP2857533B1 EP2857533B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
Family
ID=49580005
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP14186110.4A Not-in-force EP2857533B1 (en) | 2013-10-02 | 2014-09-24 | Device for metal extraction, in particular for extracting copper |
Country Status (3)
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EP (1) | EP2857533B1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2014002639A1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE202013104490U1 (en) |
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CN109371241B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-05 | 瑞金盛源环保科技有限责任公司 | Anode mud decoppering device |
CN109468462B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江峰邦机械科技有限公司 | Rapid decoppering method for anode slime |
CN114540570B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-02-28 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Flue of converter waste heat boiler |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3625500A (en) * | 1969-11-17 | 1971-12-07 | Nat Steel Corp | Metallurgical furnace fume exhausting |
CA979223A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1975-12-09 | Boliden Aktiebolag | Method of converting copper and an apparatus for carrying out the method |
US4396181A (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1983-08-02 | Inspiration Consolidated Copper Company | Converter for refining liquid metal |
FR2663868A1 (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1992-01-03 | Wurth Paul Sa | Hood with cooled walls |
JPH07113111A (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-05-02 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Hood for opening part of metal refining furnace |
US6086817A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-07-11 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Off-gas hood for a basic oxygen furnace and method of repair |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB890869A (en) * | 1960-03-21 | 1962-03-07 | Vorkauf Heinrich | Improvements in and relating to cooled chimneys for converter installations |
-
2013
- 2013-10-02 DE DE202013104490U patent/DE202013104490U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2013-10-18 DE DE202013104702U patent/DE202013104702U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2014
- 2014-09-24 EP EP14186110.4A patent/EP2857533B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-09-30 CL CL2014002639A patent/CL2014002639A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3625500A (en) * | 1969-11-17 | 1971-12-07 | Nat Steel Corp | Metallurgical furnace fume exhausting |
CA979223A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1975-12-09 | Boliden Aktiebolag | Method of converting copper and an apparatus for carrying out the method |
US4396181A (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1983-08-02 | Inspiration Consolidated Copper Company | Converter for refining liquid metal |
FR2663868A1 (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1992-01-03 | Wurth Paul Sa | Hood with cooled walls |
JPH07113111A (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-05-02 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Hood for opening part of metal refining furnace |
US6086817A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-07-11 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Off-gas hood for a basic oxygen furnace and method of repair |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2857533B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
DE202013104490U1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
DE202013104702U1 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
CL2014002639A1 (en) | 2015-05-04 |
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