EP2855781B1 - Bec d'élinde d'une drague aspiratrice en marche et procédé pour le dragage à l'aide de ledit bec d'élinde - Google Patents

Bec d'élinde d'une drague aspiratrice en marche et procédé pour le dragage à l'aide de ledit bec d'élinde Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2855781B1
EP2855781B1 EP13724284.8A EP13724284A EP2855781B1 EP 2855781 B1 EP2855781 B1 EP 2855781B1 EP 13724284 A EP13724284 A EP 13724284A EP 2855781 B1 EP2855781 B1 EP 2855781B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dredging
dredging head
visor
head according
movement
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Application number
EP13724284.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2855781A1 (fr
Inventor
Bruno Tack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
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Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
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Publication of EP2855781A1 publication Critical patent/EP2855781A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9256—Active suction heads; Suction heads with cutting elements, i.e. the cutting elements are mounted within the housing of the suction head
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9293—Component parts of suction heads, e.g. edges, strainers for preventing the entry of stones or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dredging head of a trailing hopper dredger which is configured to move in a direction of movement, in which the dredging head comprises a tubular construction which can be attached to a suction line and a visor which is rotatable with respect to the tubular construction and has a suction opening which is directed to the bottom for sucking in the bed material.
  • the invention also relates to a dredging device which comprises the dredging head, and to a method for underwater dredging of bed material using the dredging head.
  • a known dredging head is known from EP-A-0892116 which discloses a dredging head consisting of a visor which is attached to a suction line.
  • the visor usually has an upper wall and two side walls and is open on the bottom side, as a result of which a suction opening is created for discharging soil.
  • the combination is attached to the trailing hopper dredger by means of a drag pipe.
  • the dredging head with drag pipe and suction line is lowered into the water until it hits the bottom on account of its own weight.
  • the dredging head Due to the direction of travel of the trailing hopper dredger, the dredging head is dragged across the bottom to be dredged, in which case the soil is loosened and is sucked up via the suction line together with water.
  • the trailing hopper dredger is provided with a dredger pump. Loosening the soil is facilitated in the known dredging head by providing the visor with a series of teeth which are usually fitted at right angles to the direction of movement, on a so-called tooth bar, and which partly penetrate into the soil during dredging. It is also customary to inject pressurized water into the soil in order to fluidize the latter. All these measures are aimed at increasing the dredging efficiency which, in the context of the present application, means the volume of dredged soil per unit time.
  • Dredging of bottoms which contain rocks, boulders and other large obstacles is becoming increasingly common, for example in ore mining.
  • dredging is frequently carried out on bottoms containing relatively large stones, rocks and other objects which may block the suction line during dredging or may damage or inactivate the suction pump during dredging.
  • the known dredging head is sometimes provided with a retaining structure, such as a grate.
  • a retaining structure such as a grate.
  • a reduction in the dredging efficiency is inter alia caused by the fact that a part of the suction opening of the visor is blocked by undesirable objects, resulting in less soil being sucked up.
  • the dredging head then has to be hauled up and cleaned, which takes considerable time, in particular if dredging takes place at great depth.
  • the dredging head comprises the features defined in claim 1. Instead of retaining this material by means of a grate, which could result in a blockage, it is sucked up through the teeth of the trailing hopper dredger and comminuted by the crushing device to such an extent that the material can pass through the dredging head, the suction line and/or the dredger pump substantially unimpeded. This results in the parts of the dredging head, suction line and/or dredger pump becoming blocked or inactivated less quickly, if at all.
  • the material is crushed as a result of the fact that it ends up between the pressure plates, the at least one pressure plate moving towards the opposite pressure plate in a pressurized manner, as a result of which parts of the material come into contact with the pressure plates, and the material breaks.
  • the drive of the visor usually comprises cams on the tubular construction which are connected to cams on (the upper wall of) the visor by means of remotely operable hydraulic pistons.
  • the drive of the visor By providing the hydraulic pistons with some travel, the distance between the cams of the tubular construction and those of the visor is increased, as a result of which the visor rotates about a shaft which runs at right angles to the direction of movement and by means of which the visor is connected to the tubular construction.
  • This embodiment has the additional advantage that the drive (at a distance) of (the hydraulic pistons of) the visor can remain unchanged with respect to the known dredging head, and that no separate drive is required for the crushing device.
  • the hydraulic pistons and cams in this embodiment are preferably designed to be stronger than is the case with the known dredging head.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a dredging head, of which the force exerted by the crushing device thereof on the material to be crushed is adjustable.
  • the force applied by the drive of the visor to the material to be crushed is adjustable.
  • a suitable embodiment comprises visor cams with connecting means engaging at different heights for the hydraulic pistons.
  • the hydraulic pistons When the hydraulic pistons are connected to the visor cams at a high level, the angular displacement of the visor upon completed travel of the pistons will be relatively small, but due to the large moment arm, the force exerted on the material is relatively large, for example somewhere between 500 and 750 tonnes or more, all this depending on the position of the visor between a closed and a completely open position.
  • Such a setting of the drive is suitable for dredging bottoms, which comprise rocks and/or boulders, with the rocks and/or boulders having a relatively high hardness.
  • the angular displacement of the visor upon completed travel of the pistons will be relatively great, but due to the small moment arm, the force exerted on the material is relatively small, for example somewhere between 250 and 350 tonnes.
  • Such a setting of the drive is more suitable for dredging bottoms with rocks and/or boulders, in which the rocks and/or boulders have a relatively low hardness.
  • the force exerted on the material will, on average, be for example somewhere between 350 and 600 tonnes.
  • Another practical embodiment of the dredging head according to the invention is characterized by the fact that a stationary pressure plate is connected to a bottom wall of the visor and/or the tubular construction. Good results are achieved when the dredging head comprises a heel plate and the stationary pressure plate is connected to the top side of the heel plate.
  • the dredging head according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the distance between the pressure plates varies, and preferably decreases, from an entry side to an exit side, at least when the visor is in a lifted position.
  • the entry side is preferably situated on the side downstream of the exit side, and therefore behind the exit side, viewed in the direction of movement.
  • the material to be crushed is sucked into the crushing device by the suction force of the dredger pump and comminuted in stages.
  • the visor is preferably partly closed and opened again in an oscillating manner. This may be effected, for example, by actuating the hydraulic pistons in this manner. It is, for example, also possible to use a cam/push rod mechanism.
  • the oscillation frequency can be chosen within a wide range, for example in the range from 0.05 - 1 Hz, but frequencies outside this range are likewise possible.
  • the oscillating movements of the visor are not driven by the hydraulic pistons of the visor, but by a separate drive which is specifically configured to control the rapid oscillating movements.
  • the movement of the pressure plate (and the visor) may be relatively small, because breaking and crushing do not have to be carried out in one single stroke.
  • an embodiment of the invention provides a dredging head in which the pressure plates comprise a ribbed surface.
  • the material is broken rather than crushed, thus requiring forces which are less large.
  • the efficiency of crushing appears to improve when the ribs of the ribbed surface extend in a direction parallel to the direction of movement.
  • the distance between the pressure plates at the location of the exit side can be chosen within a wide range, in one embodiment of the dredging head, the distance between the pressure plates at the location of the exit side is chosen to be at most 450 mm, and more preferably at most 350 mm. Such a distance ensures that emerging material particles which will essentially not exceed said distance, thus reducing the risk of blockage and/or damage to the dredger pump, for example.
  • An embodiment according to the invention having an efficiency which is improved still further comprises a dredging head in which the crushing device extends in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement P along substantially the entire width of the dredging head.
  • the dredging head according to the invention preferably comprises a visor which is provided with a series of teeth which are fitted at right angles to the direction of movement and which may partly penetrate into the soil during dredging.
  • a series of teeth is able to detain large chunks of material, in which case the intermediate distance between the teeth may, if desired, be adapted to the dimensions and properties of the crushing device.
  • the dredging head is provided with a series of nozzles for emitting a pressurized medium, preferably water, in order to remove any accumulation of material, in particular of clay-containing bed material, in the dredging head.
  • the nozzles are preferably directed towards the interior of the visor, more preferably to the pressure plates, and most preferably to the stationary pressure plate or pressure plates.
  • the invention also relates to a method for underwater dredging of bed material using a dredging vessel provided with a dredging head according to the invention.
  • the dredging head is dragged across a bottom to be dredged in a direction of movement and in such a way that the cutting tools contact the bottom, and material present in the dredging head is crushed by the crushing device. Due to the ingenious construction of the dredging head, the dredging head has to be brought to the surface less often in case of blockage or damage to parts, thus resulting in a saving in time and money.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for dredging bed material containing rocks.
  • Figure 1 shows a dredging vessel 1 which is provided with an engine (not shown in the drawing) for driving a propelling screw 2 for propelling the dredging vessel 1 via a propeller shaft.
  • an engine not shown in the drawing
  • propelling screw 2 for propelling the dredging vessel 1 via a propeller shaft.
  • devices (not shown in the drawings) for steering the dredging vessel 1 are present, such as a rudder and transversely positioned propeller screws to facilitate manoeuvring.
  • the dredging vessel 1 is provided with a dredger pump (not shown in the drawings).
  • a suction line 3 is fitted against a side wall of the dredging vessel, one end of which is connected with the suction connection of the dredger pump.
  • the suction line 3 comprises two sections 3a and 3b which are connected to each other by means of a coupling which allows a certain degree of mutual angular displacement.
  • the connection between the upper section 3a of the suction line 3 and the vessel also allows angular displacement in the vertical plane and about the axis.
  • said section is connected to a cable 4a, the other end of which is connected to a winch 5a.
  • the dredging head 6 comprises a tubular construction 7 which can be connected to the suction line 3 and a visor 9 which is rotatable about a shaft 8 which runs at right angles to the direction of movement P with respect to the tubular construction 7 and has a suction opening 10 which is directed to the sea(bed) for sucking up bed material.
  • the visor 9 of the dredging head 6 is provided with a series of teeth 10 which are attached to a tooth bar 11 which extends at right angles to the direction of movement P, and which may partly penetrate into the sea(bed) during dredging.
  • the intermediate distance between the teeth 10 may optionally be chosen such that material which is too large for the crushing device described below can be retained.
  • the dredging head 6 comprises a crushing device in the form of spaced-apart pressure plates (12a, 12b) which are situated opposite one another and of which a movable pressure plate 12a is connected to an upper wall 13 of the visor 9.
  • the pressure plates (12a, 12b) extend in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement P along substantially the entire width of the dredging head 6.
  • the pressure plates (12a, 12b) furthermore have a ribbed surface due to the fact that they are provided with ribs 14 which extend in a direction parallel to the direction of movement P.
  • the ribs 14 may comprise, for example, steel rods which are fitted to or partly in the surface of the pressure plates (12a, 12b), for example fastened.
  • the stationary pressure plate 12b is connected to a bottom wall 15 of the tubular construction 7, for example a heel plate.
  • the movable pressure plate 12a is driven by the drive of the visor 9 itself which, in the illustrated embodiment, comprises cams 16 which are fitted to the upper wall of the visor 9.
  • the visor cams 16 are connected to tube cams 18 which are attached to the tubular construction 7.
  • the hydraulic pistons 17 By giving the hydraulic pistons 17 a degree of travel, as is illustrated in Figures 4B and 5B , the distance between the cams 18 of the tubular construction 7 and the cams 16 of the visor 9 is increased, as a result of which the visor 9 rotates about the shaft 8 which runs at right angles to the direction of movement P and by means of which visor 9 and tubular construction 7 are connected to each other.
  • the force exerted by the drive (16, 17, 18) of the visor 9 on the material to be crushed can be made adjustable by providing the cams 16 with connecting means which are fitted at different levels, in this case pin-hole joints 19, for the hydraulic pistons 17.
  • the distance between the pressure plates (12a, 12b) varies and in such a way that it decreases from an entry side which is situated downstream of the exit side (and is therefore behind the exit side, viewed in the direction of movement P).
  • the material to be crushed is sucked in between the pressure plates (12a, 12b) in the direction of movement P and comminuted in stages.
  • the visor 9 can be brought from the (partly) open position shown in Figures 4A and 4B to the (partly) closed position shown in Figures 5A and 5B and vice versa by driving the hydraulic pistons 17 in an oscillating manner.
  • the amplitude of this movement may in this case be relatively small, for example a few millimetres.
  • the distance 20 between the pressure plates (12a, 12b) at the location of the entry side may vary greatly, but is, for example, 1200 mm where the distance 21 between the pressure plates (12a, 12b) at the location of the exit side is, for example, 320 mm.
  • the distance 21 is preferably chosen as a function of the dimensions of the suction line 3 and of the impeller of the dredger pump, for example.
  • the dredging head 6 is provided with a series of nozzles (not shown) in order to expel pressurized water.
  • the nozzles are supplied with pressurized water via lines 22 and a water chamber from where the nozzles send jets of water which are directed towards the interior of the visor 9, in particular to the pressure plates (12a, 12b).
  • the dredging head of the invention By means of the dredging head of the invention, underwater dredging of bed material can be carried out, in which case the dredging head 6 is dragged across a bottom to be dredged in the direction of movement P and in such a manner that the cutting tools 10 contact the bottom. According to the invention, any material which cannot be sucked into the dredging head 6 in a satisfactory manner is crushed by means of the crushing device (12a, 12b, 16, 17, 18).
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for dredging bed material which contains rocks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Liquid Developers In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Tête de dragage (6) de drague à élinde traînante (1) qui est configurée pour se déplacer dans une direction de mouvement P, la tête de dragage (6) comprenant une construction tubulaire (7) qui peut être attachée à une conduite d'aspiration (3) et à une visière (9) qui est rotative par rapport à la construction tubulaire (7) et comporte une ouverture d'aspiration qui est dirigée vers le fond pour aspirer du matériau du lit, étant entendu que la tête de dragage (6) comprend un dispositif de broyage (12a, 12b, 16, 17, 18) pour broyer le matériau qui est présent dans la tête de dragage (6), caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de broyage comprend des plaques de compression espacées (12a, 12b) situées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre dont au moins l'une est déplaçable vers la plaque de compression opposée du fait qu'elle est reliée à une paroi supérieure de la visière.
  2. Tête de dragage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle une plaque de compression fixe est reliée à une paroi du fond de la visière et/ou de la construction tubulaire.
  3. Tête de dragage selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle la tête de dragage comprend une tôle de pied et la plaque de compression fixe est reliée à la face supérieure de la tôle de pied.
  4. Tête de dragage selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans laquelle la distance entre les plaques de compression varie depuis un côté entrée vers un côté sortie au moins quand la visière est dans une position relevée.
  5. Tête de dragage selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle la distance entre les plaques de compression diminue depuis le côté entrée vers le côté sortie.
  6. Tête de dragage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les plaques de compression comportent une surface nervurée.
  7. Tête de dragage selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle les nervures de la surface nervurée s'étendent dans une direction parallèle à la direction de mouvement P.
  8. Tête de dragage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-7, dans laquelle la distance entre les plaques de compression à l'emplacement du côté sortie fait au plus 450 mm, de manière préférée au plus 350 mm.
  9. Tête de dragage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le dispositif de broyage s'étend dans une direction faisant des angles droits avec la direction de mouvement P sur sensiblement toute la largeur de la tête de dragage.
  10. Tête de dragage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la force exercée par le dispositif de broyage sur le matériau à broyer est réglable.
  11. Dispositif de dragage, comprenant un bâtiment de dragage qui est configuré pour se déplacer dans une direction de mouvement P, et une tête de dragage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-10 reliée au bâtiment de dragage.
  12. Procédé de dragage sous l'eau de matériau de lit utilisant un bâtiment de dragage, équipé d'une tête de dragage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1-10, dans lequel la tête de dragage est traînée sur un lit à draguer dans une direction de mouvement et de telle sorte que les outils de désagrégation entrent en contact avec le lit, et dans lequel le dispositif de broyage broie le matériau présent dans la tête de dragage en faisant fonctionner la visière.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel le matériau de lit contient des roches.
EP13724284.8A 2012-05-25 2013-05-23 Bec d'élinde d'une drague aspiratrice en marche et procédé pour le dragage à l'aide de ledit bec d'élinde Active EP2855781B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2012/0351A BE1020439A4 (nl) 2012-05-25 2012-05-25 Zuigkop van een sleephopperzuiger en werkwijze voor het baggeren met behulp van deze zuigkop.
PCT/EP2013/060638 WO2013174932A1 (fr) 2012-05-25 2013-05-23 Bec d'élinde d'une drague aspiratrice en marche et procédé pour le dragage à l'aide de ledit bec d'élinde

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2855781A1 EP2855781A1 (fr) 2015-04-08
EP2855781B1 true EP2855781B1 (fr) 2016-10-05

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ID=48471001

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13724284.8A Active EP2855781B1 (fr) 2012-05-25 2013-05-23 Bec d'élinde d'une drague aspiratrice en marche et procédé pour le dragage à l'aide de ledit bec d'élinde

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2855781B1 (fr)
AR (1) AR091158A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2013265251B2 (fr)
BE (1) BE1020439A4 (fr)
BR (1) BR112014029211A2 (fr)
HK (1) HK1203581A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2014152701A (fr)
SG (1) SG11201407899XA (fr)
WO (1) WO2013174932A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201408481B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111561004A (zh) * 2020-05-28 2020-08-21 杜林豪 水利工程清淤装置

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2011961C2 (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-16 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Modular visor for a drag head.
BE1024130B1 (nl) * 2016-02-05 2017-11-20 Baggerwerken Decloedt En Zoon N.V. Baggerkop en bijbehorende werkwijze voor het vormen van een geul in een onderwaterbodem
CN107740457A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-02-27 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 带滚刀的环保疏浚装置
CN113235688B (zh) * 2021-06-17 2022-05-06 商丘市水利建筑勘测设计院 一种水利清淤固型装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1383089A (en) * 1972-08-15 1975-02-05 Hollandsche Aaneming Mij Nv Suction dredger
US3959897A (en) * 1974-12-09 1976-06-01 May William P Combination vibrating cutter head and crusher
FR2565611A1 (fr) * 1984-06-08 1985-12-13 Asstech Ind Sa Dispositif de suceuse rotobroyeuse pour nettoyage de fonds sous-marins
BE1011285A3 (nl) 1997-07-17 1999-07-06 Dredging Int Sleepkop voor een sleephopperzuiger en werkwijze voor het baggeren met behulp van deze sleepkop.
JP4698005B2 (ja) * 2000-08-28 2011-06-08 株式会社早水組 浚渫用アタッチメント
BE1018378A3 (nl) * 2008-12-12 2010-09-07 Dredging Int Sleepkop voor een sleephopperzuiger en werkwijze voor het baggeren met behulp van deze sleepkop.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111561004A (zh) * 2020-05-28 2020-08-21 杜林豪 水利工程清淤装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK1203581A1 (en) 2015-10-30
AR091158A1 (es) 2015-01-14
SG11201407899XA (en) 2014-12-30
ZA201408481B (en) 2015-12-23
AU2013265251A1 (en) 2014-12-04
WO2013174932A1 (fr) 2013-11-28
EP2855781A1 (fr) 2015-04-08
BE1020439A4 (nl) 2013-10-01
BR112014029211A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
AU2013265251B2 (en) 2017-05-04
RU2014152701A (ru) 2016-07-20

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