Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F21/00—Variable inductances or transformers of the signal type
  • H01F21/02—Variable inductances or transformers of the signal type continuously variable, e.g. variometers
  • H01F21/06—Variable inductances or transformers of the signal type continuously variable, e.g. variometers by movement of core or part of core relative to the windings as a whole
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
  • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
  • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
  • H01F38/18—Rotary transformers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the general field of transformers.
• the invention relates to a rotating three-phase transformer.
• a rotating three-phase transformer can transfer energy and / or signals between two axes rotating relative to each other without contact.
• Figures 1 and 2 each show a three-phase transformer 1 rotating according to the prior art.
• Transformer 1 comprises three rotary single-phase transformers 2 corresponding to phases U, V and W.
• Each rotating single-phase transformer 2 comprises a part 3 and a part 4 rotating about an axis A with respect to each other.
• Part 3 is for example a stator and part 4 a rotor, or vice versa.
• the part 3 and the part 4 are both rotatable relative to a fixed reference not shown.
• An O-coil 5 is housed in a notch 6 delimited by a ferromagnetic material body of part 3.
• a toroidal coil 7 is housed in a notch 8 delimited by a ferromagnetic material body of part 4.
• the coils 5 and 7 form the primary and secondary coils (or vice versa).
• FIG. 1 represents a variant called “U” in which part 3 surrounds part 4 with respect to axis A
• FIG. 2 represents a variant called “E” or “in pot” in which part 3 and part 4 are next to each other in the axial direction.
• the three-phase transformer 1 of Figure 1 or 2 has a large mass and volume since it is not possible to best use the magnetic flux of each phase, unlike a three-phase transformer forced static flow in which it is possible to couple the flows.
• Document US 2011/0050377 discloses a three-phase transformer rotating four columns. This transformer has a large mass and volume. This document also describes a three-phase transformer rotating five columns. This transformer has a large mass and volume. In addition, it uses a radial winding passing in notches in the central columns of the magnetic circuit, which is more complex than the toroidal winding used in the transformers of Figures 1 and 2.
• the invention proposes a rotating three-phase transformer comprising a first part and a second part movable in rotation about an axis A with respect to each other, the first part comprising a first body made of ferromagnetic material and coils, the second part comprising a second body made of ferromagnetic material and coils,
• the first body delimiting a first annular notch of axis A, a second annular notch of axis A, a third annular notch of axis A and a fourth annular notch of axis A,
• the coils of the first part comprising a first A-axis toroidal coil in the first notch, a second A-axis toroidal coil in the second notch, a third A-axis toroidal coil in the second notch, a fourth toroidal coil of axis A in the third notch, a fifth O-axis coil in the third notch and a sixth O-axis coil in the fourth notch, the first coil and the second coil being connected in series and each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the first coil and the second coil, to two opposite magnetic potentials,
• the third coil and the fourth coil being connected in series and each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the third coil and the fourth coil, to two opposite magnetic potentials
• the fifth coil and the sixth coil being connected in series and each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the fifth coil and the sixth coil, to two opposite magnetic potentials.
• the first part can for example serve as primary.
• the magnetic potentials of the primary coils lead to a coupling of the fluxes, taking into account the aforementioned winding directions.
• This coupling allows a reduced size of the transformer in terms of volume and mass.
• the primary of the transformer uses only simple toroidal coils of axis A, which allows a particularly simple structure.
• the invention provides a rotating three-phase transformer which, thanks to the flow coupling, has a reduced mass and volume, particularly with respect to the use of three single-phase rotary transformers, and which uses a particularly simple form of winding.
• the first coil, second coil, third coil, fourth coil, fifth coil, and sixth coil each have the same number of turns.
• the phases of the first part are then balanced in resistance.
• the second body delimits a fifth annular notch of axis A, a sixth annular notch of axis A, a seventh annular notch of axis A and an eighth annular notch of axis A,
• the coils of the second part comprising a seventh A-axis voice coil in the fifth notch, an eighth A-axis voice coil in the sixth notch, a ninth A-axis voice coil in the sixth notch, a tenth voice coil of axis A in the seventh notch, an eleventh O-axis coil in the seventh notch and a twelfth O-axis coil in the eighth notch,
• the seventh coil and the eighth coil being connected in series and each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the seventh coil and the eighth coil, to two opposite magnetic potentials
• the ninth coil and the tenth coil being connected in series and each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the ninth coil and the tenth coil, to two opposite magnetic potentials
• the eleventh coil and the twelfth coil being connected in series and each having a corresponding winding direction, for a current flowing in the eleventh coil and the twelfth coil, to two opposite magnetic potentials.
• the secondary is made according to the same principle as the primary.
• the secondary thus also contributes to limiting the mass and the volume of the transformer, and allows the realization of the transformer using only toric coils of axis A.
• the seventh coil, the eighth coil, the ninth coil, the tenth coil, the eleventh coil and the twelfth coil can each have the same number of turns.
• the phases of the second part are then balanced in resistance.
• the first body comprises a crown, a first leg, a second leg, a third leg, a fourth leg and a fifth leg delimiting said notches of the first body.
• the second part may surround the first part with respect to the axis A or vice versa. This corresponds to a realization of a transformer called "in U”.
• the first part and the second part can be located next to each other in the direction of the axis A. This corresponds to an embodiment of a transformer called "in E” or "in Pot”.
• the first body and the second body of ferromagnetic material completely surround the primary coils and the secondary coils.
• the transformer is magnetically battleship.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are each a sectional view of a three-phase transformer rotating according to the prior art
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a three-phase magnetically charged, free flux-flux rotating transformer according to one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic circuit of the transformer of FIG. 3;
• FIG. 5 is an electrical diagram showing the connection of the coils of the transformer of FIG. 3, and
• FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic circuit of a transformer according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a transformer 10 according to one embodiment of the invention.
• Transformer 10 is a three-phase, magnetically battling, flux-free rotating transformer.
• the transformer 10 comprises a portion 11 and a portion 12 adapted to rotate about an axis A with respect to each other.
• Part 11 is for example a stator and part 12 a rotor, or vice versa.
• the portion 11 and the portion 12 are both rotatable relative to a fixed reference not shown.
• Part 11 comprises a ring 13 of axis A and five legs 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 of ferromagnetic material.
• Each of the legs 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 extends radially away from the axis A, from the crown 13.
• the leg 14 is at one end of the crown 13, the leg 18 is at another end of the crown 13, and the legs 15, 16 and 17 occupy intermediate positions between the legs 14 and 18.
• the ring 13 and the legs 14 and 15 delimit an annular notch 19 of axis A open radially outward (that is to say opposite to the axis A).
• the ring 13 and the legs 15 and 16 define an annular notch 20 of axis A open radially outwardly.
• the 13 and the legs 16 and 17 define an annular notch 21 of axis A open radially outwardly.
• the ring 13 and the legs 17 and 18 define an annular notch 22 of axis A open radially outwardly.
• the ring 13 and the legs 14 to 18 form a body of ferromagnetic material defining four notches 19 to 22 annular open radially outwardly.
• Part 12 comprises a ring 23 of axis A and five legs 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 of ferromagnetic material.
• Each of the legs 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 extends radially towards the axis A, from the ring 23.
• the leg 24 is at one end of the ring 23, the leg 28 is at another end of the crown 23, and the legs 25, 26 and 27 occupy intermediate positions between the legs 24 and 28.
• the ring 23 and the legs 24 and 25 define an annular notch 29 of axis A open radially inwards (that is to say towards the axis A).
• the ring 23 and the legs 25 and 26 define an annular groove 30 of axis A open radially inwards.
• the ring 23 and the legs 26 and 27 define an annular notch 31 of axis A open radially inwards.
• the ring 23 and the legs 27 and 28 define an annular notch 32 of axis A open radially inwards.
• the ring 23 and the legs 24 to 28 form a ferromagnetic material body delimiting four notches 29 to 32 annular open radially inwards.
• the transformer 10 thus has five pairs of legs (legs 14 and 24, legs 15 and 25, legs 16 and 26, legs 17 and 27 and legs 18 and 28), each leg forming a column of the transformer 10.
• the transformer 10 is a five-column transformer.
• the rings 13 and 23 as well as the legs 14 to 18 and 24 to 28 form a magnetic circuit of the transformer 10.
• FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic circuit of the transformer 10.
• the portion 11 of the transformer 10 comprises coils 34 to 39 and the portion 12 comprises coils 40 to 45.
• the coil 34 is an A-axis O-coil which is in the notch 19.
• the coil 35 is an A-axis O-coil which is located in the notch 20 and is connected in series with the coil 34.
• the coil 36 is an O-axis coil and is in the notch 20.
• the coil 37 is an A-axis O-coil located in the notch 21 and is connected in series with the coil 36.
• the coil 38 is an O-axis voice coil which is in the notch 21.
• the coil 39 is an O-axis coil which is located in the notch 22 and is connected in series with the coil 38.
• Each of the coils 34 to 39 has no turns.
• O-axis coil coil is meant a coil whose turns are wound around the axis A.
• the term "ring” is not used in the limiting sense referring to a solid generated by the rotation of a circle around an axis.
• the section of a toroidal coil can be rectangular, in particular.
• the coil 40 is an A-axis O-coil located in the notch 29.
• the coil 41 is an A-axis O-coil located in the slot 30 and is connected in series with the
• the coil 42 is an A-axis O-coil and is in the notch 30.
• the coil 43 is an A-axis O-coil located in the slot 31 and is connected in series with the coil. 42.
• the coil 44 is an A-axis O-coil located in the notch 31.
• the coil 45 is an A-axis O-coil which is located in the notch 32 and is connected in series with the coil 44.
• Each of the coils 40 to 45 has n 2 turns.
• the coils 34 and 40 surround a magnetic core 46 located in the ring 13.
• magnetic core is meant a part of the magnetic circuit in which the flow of the same direction created by a coil is the largest. A current flowing in the coil 19 or the coil 40 therefore corresponds to a magnetic potential in the magnetic core 46.
• the coils 35, 36, 41 and 42 surround a magnetic core 47 located in the ring 13
• the coils 37 , 38, 43 and 44 surround a magnetic core 48 located in the ring 13
• the coils 39 and 45 surround a magnetic core 49 located in the ring 13.
• portion 11 and the coils 34 to 39 correspond to the primary of the transformer 10
• portion 12 and the coils 40 to 45 correspond to the secondary of the transformer 10.
• transformer 10 primary and secondary can of course be reversed.
• Figure 5 is an electrical diagram showing the connection of the coils 34 to 39 of the transformer 10 and the corresponding magnetic potentials.
• Iap 3 ⁇ 4p and I cp the currents entering respectively at points A p , B p and C p .
• the current I ap flows in the coils 34 and 35 which form a primary phase A.
• the current 3 ⁇ 4 p circulates in the coils 36 and 37 which form a primary phase B and the current I cp flows in the coils 38 and 39 which form a primary phase C. Any other correspondence between the phases A, B and C and the pairs of coils in series and possible, if the same correspondence is carried out at the secondary.
• connection points allowing all the electrical couplings identical to any fixed three-phase transformer (star-star, star-triangle, triangle-triangle, triangle-star, zigzag ).
• the black dots indicate the relation between the current flowing in a coil and the direction of the corresponding magnetic potential: If the point is on the right of the winding, the direction of winding makes that the magnetic potential created is in the same direction as the incoming current. . If the point is on the left of the winding, the winding direction causes the created magnetic potential to be opposite to the incoming current.
• FIG. 5 shows that, thanks to the choice of the winding directions and the series connections shown in FIG. 5, balanced three-phase currents I ap , Ib P and I cp correspond, in core 46, to a magnetic potential Pa , in the magnetic core 47, to magnetic potential -Pa and Pb equal in modulus and opposite directions, and in the magnetic cores 48 and 49, to magnetic potentials - Pb, -Pc and Pc symmetrical respectively to Pb, -Pa and Pa.
• the flows are linked correctly.
• the magnetic coupling carried out by the magnetic circuit with the winding topologies shown makes it possible to have the same coupling coefficient 5/4 on the flows created as on a three-phase transformer with fixed five-column fluxes fixed by compared to a single-phase transformer.
• To have the best coupling coefficient it is necessary that the reluctances of each column due mainly to the air gap 33 are equal and strongly preponderant before the reluctance of the rings 13 and 23.
• the reluctance of the rings 13 and 23 must be as small as possible relative to the reluctances of each column. This being difficult physically feasible, one solution is to change the reluctance of the columns and parts of the crowns between two columns so as to obtain a perfect balance.
• n 2 is the number of turns of the secondary coils, like any three-phase transformer the ratio of the voltages is given as a first approximation by and that of currents by ni / n 2 .
• the rotating transformer has the same properties as any three-phase fixed flux transformer and among other things to have several secondary.
• the transformer 10 has several advantages.
• the magnetic circuit completely surrounds the coils 34 to 39 and 40 to 45.
• the transformer 10 is magnetically battleship.
• the coils 34 to 39 and 40 to 45 are all toric coils of axis A.
• the transformer 10 therefore does not require coils of more complex shape.
• each phase has the same number of turns of the same length (namely 2 * neither in the case of the primary and 2 * n 2 in the case of the secondary), the phases of the transformer 10 are balanced in resistance, without requiring conductors of different sections.
• the transformer 10 has a mass and a reduced volume. Indeed, thanks to the coupling of the flows, the transformer 10 can be dimensioned, with Joule iso-losses, with a reduced mass and volume compared to the transformers of Figures 1 and 2.
• the coils do not all have exactly the same number of turns ni or n 2 .
• the position of the coils shown in Fig. 3 is an example and other positions may be suitable.
• two coils can be next to each other in the axial direction, one around the other with respect to the axis A, or mixed with each other .
• the transformer 10 can be considered as a "U" variant.
• the transformer according to the invention is an “E” or “Pot” variant of the transformer "U”.
• the part 11 and the part 12 are located next to each other in the direction of the axis A.
• FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the circuit Magnet of this transformer "in E”.
• the same references as in FIG. 4 are used to designate corresponding elements.

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• 2012
  • 2012-05-09 FR FR1254223A patent/FR2990556B1/fr active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-05-03 US US14/399,709 patent/US9093217B2/en active Active
  • 2013-05-03 BR BR112014027824-5A patent/BR112014027824B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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  • 2013-05-03 WO PCT/FR2013/050983 patent/WO2013167827A1/fr active Application Filing
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