EP2838980A1 - System and method for ecologically generating and storing electricity - Google Patents

System and method for ecologically generating and storing electricity

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Publication number
EP2838980A1
EP2838980A1 EP13717510.5A EP13717510A EP2838980A1 EP 2838980 A1 EP2838980 A1 EP 2838980A1 EP 13717510 A EP13717510 A EP 13717510A EP 2838980 A1 EP2838980 A1 EP 2838980A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
carbon dioxide
plant
generating
electricity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13717510.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Kühn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt GmbH
Original Assignee
Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt GmbH filed Critical Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen Deutsches Forschungszentrum fuer Gesundheit und Umwelt GmbH
Publication of EP2838980A1 publication Critical patent/EP2838980A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F02B43/12—Methods of operating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
    • F02B2043/106—Hydrogen obtained by electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • Plant and method for the ecological production and storage of electricity The invention relates to a plant for the production and storage of surplus energy from regenerative
  • Power sources in the form of hydrocarbons which can be used in a closed loop for the renewed environmentally friendly production of electricity by recycling the exhaust products.
  • thermal power plants The existing power system in Germany and Europe is structured in such a way that the load curve is predominantly traced by large power plants, which for the most part consist of thermal power plants.
  • the principle of power generation in thermal power plants is based on the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy.
  • the thermal energy generated by the combustion of organic materials usually fossil fuels such as coal, oil or natural gas, but it can be used, which release heat during combustion principle, other Ma ⁇ terialien.
  • waste incineration plants ⁇ With the heat released during combustion, water vapor is generated from water, with which a steam turbine is driven, which then converts the kineti ⁇ cal energy into electrical energy.
  • C0 2 carbon dioxide
  • ⁇ CO 2 is a gas which strongly absorbs contained in the sun's rays infrared ⁇ radiation and for the global warming, also known as so-called "Treibhausef ⁇ fect
  • Another problem is the use of fossil fuels themselves, as these are derived from dead-weight degradation products. Renewables and plants originate from geological past and, in contrast to renewable raw materials such as wood, within the time horizon of man, can not regenerate easily. An end to these fossil reserves is therefore foreseeable.
  • Regenerative energies are energies from sources that either renew themselves at short notice or whose use does not contribute to the depletion of the source.
  • Renewable energies include in particular wind energy, solar energy, hydroelectric power, geothermal heat and the energy generated by gezei ⁇ th.
  • a disadvantage of solar and wind power plants is that they are dependent on the availability of their energy source, which may be subject to strong fluctuations. For obvious reasons, solar power plants can only produce significant electricity during the day when there is sufficient solar radiation and wind power plants. The coverage of electricity demand at any time can therefore not be guaranteed with these power plants alone.
  • a disadvantage of non-material energy resources is also their nature, since they can not be stored directly because of their lack of materiality. Nor can excessively generated electricity be stored as such directly. Working for this should it rather be a material storage medium that is transformed by the electric energy and there ⁇ at absorbs energy by the transformation. During the reconversion back to the original state, the stored energy is then released again and can be used. The storage of solar or wind energy therefore requires material aids.
  • a method for storing electrical energy is known from US 4189925 A. It will be ⁇ enrolled in which water produced by electrolysis of water serstoff, with the fuel source by means of a carbon such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons such as methane or methanol are prepared a system. These are then stored in a container and can be used again to generate electricity as needed.
  • DE 10 2011 013 922 A1 describes a method for storing excess energy in a complex system of different power plant types.
  • the DE 20 2011 005 536 Ul discloses a plant for the groove ⁇ wetting of temporally variable accumulating carbon dioxide from different energy sources.
  • DE 20 2010 012 734 Ul an energy source generating plant for carbon dioxide neutral balancing of production peaks and valleys is described, as energy sources also liquid fuels such as methanol ver ⁇ are used.
  • the DE 10 2009 018 126 Al relates to a Energyversor ⁇ supply system and operation method in which the methane gas produced is fed to a gas supply network.
  • US 5,505,824 A an apparatus and a method is disclosed for producing from atmospheric carbon dioxide fuels such as methane, which can then be used in Rake ⁇ tenantrieben or internal combustion engines.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a locally tightly coupled process for the production of electricity and storage of by-products such as CO 2 for Availability checked ⁇ supply, which is environmentally friendly and at the same time efficiently, and in which the atmosphere by free ⁇ Knitting carbon dioxide is charged as little as possible.
  • the subject of the present invention is thus a plant 1, comprising
  • the device 2 for generating electricity with at least one line 6, 7 with the memory 4 with carbon dioxide and the memory 5 with hydrocarbons in combination, and the device 3 for producing combustible hydrocarbons with at least one line 8 with the Memory 5 is associated with hydrocarbons.
  • Particularly preferred according to the invention is an installation 1 in which at least one of the storages 4 or 5 is a sub-storage.
  • Very particularly preferred according to the invention is an installation 1, in which the two storages 4 and 5 are each underground storages.
  • underground reservoirs which are each selected independently of one another from pore reservoirs, reservoirs, discharged reservoirs and cavern reservoirs.
  • the plant 1 further comprises a device 9 for the production of hydrogen, which is in communication with the device 3 for the production of hydrocarbons. It is further preferred that a device 10 for generating
  • Electricity associated with the device 9 for generating hydrogen is provided. Furthermore, it is furthermore particularly preferred that the device 10 for generating electricity generates the power from renewable energies such as wind, sun, water or geothermal heat. Particularly preferred is also a plant 1, wherein the device 2 for generating electricity is a combined cycle power plant (CCGT).
  • CCGT combined cycle power plant
  • a plant 1 is preferred, wherein at least one of the reservoirs 4 or 5 is an underground reservoir. It is particularly preferred that both memories 4 and 5 are underground memories.
  • the plant 1 fer ⁇ ner a biogas plant 11 for generating volatile hydrocarbons such as methane from biomass which is connected by means of a line 12 to the memory 5 for hydrocarbons in combination.
  • Also preferred according to the invention is an installation 1, the storage 4 being connected to carbon dioxide by means of a line 13 to the device 3 for producing hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • the invention further provides a method in which the following steps are carried out
  • hydrocarbons e.g. Methane by reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen
  • step b) combustion of the hydrocarbons produced in step a) with liberation of carbon dioxide;
  • step c) returning said generated in step b) the carbon dioxide to step a) and / or storing the carbon dioxide in egg ⁇ nem dedicated memory.
  • hydrocarbons produced are subjected directly to the combustion, without the hydrocarbons meanwhile to save ⁇ chern. Preference is given to a method wherein the in
  • step a) Especially preferred is further a process wherein the hydrogen produced in step a) by the electrolysis of what ⁇ ser.
  • ⁇ for there to be ⁇ he testifies electricity for electrolysis by renewable energy sources will like wind, solar, hydro or geothermal energy.
  • An essential feature of the invention is that released CO 2 in the combustion is not released into the atmosphere, but intercepted and then dumped in a memory, from where it, as needed, for the production of hydrocarbons such as methane (methanation) , is used. In this way, a cycle is created in which CO 2 is generated alternately and then converted back into hydrocarbons.
  • step (I) hydrogen and carbon dioxide generate Me ⁇ than. This is again burned in step (II) in the device for generating electricity and converted into carbon dioxide, which is then either stored. chert, or is returned directly to the methanation in step (I).
  • the methanation can be Runaway ⁇ for example, leads to the Sabatier known method at temperatures between 300 ° C and 700 ° C in the presence of a nickel catalyst.
  • the CO2 can be isolated, for example, in the so-called oxyfuel process.
  • the fuels are burned in an atmosphere of pure oxygen.
  • the pure oxygen can be removed from the plant for the generation ⁇ supply of hydrogen in turn, as in the electrolysis of water in addition to hydrogen and oxygen is formed overall. Since, in contrast to air during combustion, no nitrogen is present, the resulting flue gases consist almost 100% of CO2 and water vapor.
  • the What ⁇ serdampf can be easily condensed by cooling, so that pure or highly concentrated CO2 remains, which compresses can be transported to the store.
  • the hydrocarbon-based energy storage is particularly suitable for gas and steam turbine power plants (short GuD) suburb, which can be optimally combined with the CCS technology.
  • CCS stands for Car ⁇ bon Dioxide Capture and Storage, by which is the storage understanding of carbon dioxide in underground reservoirs in subterranean rock layers. This technology is particularly suitable for CCPs because methane is generally used as the fuel, and CCPs with an efficiency of approx. 60% are very efficient and scalable.
  • combined cycle power plants have the advantage of being quickly started up and shut down. This makes the power plants profitable, since they can offer power in the control energy market in the range of minute reserve.
  • the capacity of combined cycle power plants in the range between 80 MW and 860 MW per unit is scalable. This makes the method and the plant profitable for klei ⁇ nere Stadtwerke and contributes to the delocalization and thus controllability of the power generation.
  • the hydrogen needed to produce the hydrocarbons can be produced by electrolysis of water according to the following equation:
  • the oxygen produced can be det this way in ⁇ advantageous manner for combustion in reaction (II) verwen-. This is particularly useful when the
  • Combustion is operated in the oxyfuel process, in which As already mentioned, pure oxygen is needed. In this way, the by-products formed are usefully utilized.
  • the hydrocarbons formed are either burned directly in the device for generating electricity, or stored in a hydrocarbon storage.
  • the hydrocarbon storage is connected by a bore o- a line to the power plant, so that the hydrocarbons can be removed from the hydrocarbon storage, if necessary.
  • the hydrocarbon storage is used to store excess hydrocarbons, if it is not needed directly for the Stromerzeu ⁇ supply.
  • a material energy storage based on hydrocarbons provides against the hydrogen storage several major advantages: i) it is promptly implemented, since the hydrogen spoke ⁇ tion is not state of the art in geological reservoirs currently.
  • the hydrocarbons can be fed in the existing natural gas ⁇ network.
  • the underground reservoirs can be provided in different geological formations. These formations are also common in Germany and make it possible to provide such memory at different depths on top of each other.
  • the system according to the invention can also have a
  • Biogas plant included. Biogas plants are used to produce biogas by fermenting biomass, whereby also usable hydrocarbons such as methane are formed. This can be intercepted and supplied by means of a bore or line of the device for generating electricity.
  • the biogas plant thus represents an alternative source of methane, which can be used if the production of hydrocarbons from CO 2 can not be carried out for some reason.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the system according to the invention.
  • the plant 1 comprises a device 2 for the generation ⁇ supply of electricity, such as a thermal power plant, a device 3 for production of hydrocarbons, a storage rather 4 for carbon dioxide and a memory 5 for the generated hydrocarbons.
  • the memory 4 is connected to a ner line 6 connected to the device 2 and another line 13 to the device 3. Furthermore, a line 7 connects the device 2 to the hydrocarbon storage 5.
  • hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ) are decomposed into its constituents by electrolysis, that is with the aid of electric current.
  • the ge ⁇ formed hydrogen is then fed into the device 3, where carbon dioxide is reduced with the generated hydrogen ⁇ material to hydrocarbons, eg methane.
  • the hydrocarbons produced are now either conveyed directly into the device 2 or, if an excess of methane is present, stored in a methane storage 5 provided for this purpose.
  • the possibility of direct supply of the hydrocarbons produced to the device 2 is a significant advantage of the system according to the invention and of the method according to the invention.
  • it is in fact possible to feed the carbon dioxide formed during the combustion again directly into the device 3 for the production of hydrocarbons.
  • climate-relevant carbon dioxide is circulated and can not escape into the atmosphere.
  • the hydrocarbons are opti ⁇ onal mixed with other fossil fuels and burned and converted the heat generated in this way into electricity.
  • the method thus provides an environmentally friendly method for demand-adapted Ener ⁇ gie trenchung or energy storage.
  • the required in the production of hydrocarbons, hydrogen is generated in the device 9 by the electrolysis of water.
  • the power required for this comes from the device 10, such as a wind power plant.
  • the carbon dioxide storage 4 is also connected via a line 12 with a biogas plant 11, in which fermented biomass and volatile hydrocarbons are gebil ⁇ det. This is intercepted and transported by means of the Lei ⁇ tion 12 in the memory 5 for hydrocarbons. In this way, additional hydrocarbons are generated, which can be used in the device 2 for generating electricity as fuel.
  • the biogas plant 11 is connected via a line 14 to the device for producing hydrocarbons 3, via which CO 2 produced in the biogas plant 11 can be conducted via a line 14 into the device for producing methane.
  • the system according to the invention and the method according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in locally tightly coupled power plants using renewable energy generating devices.
  • the combination of wind energy, solar energy and energy from biomass, coupled with a combined cycle power plant, forms an external energy supply independent supply device for small to medium-sized municipal units. There are no fossil fuels Need Beer ⁇ Strengthens to the energy supply reliably safe.
  • In addition to the direct supply of electric power and hydrocarbons can be passed over a Gasver ⁇ supply network to the end users. The energy is thus generated where it is needed.
  • the connection to energy pipelines is not required. Generated surplus energy is stored in the form of hydrocarbons . These hydrocarbons Kings ⁇ nen turn be easily transported or stored.

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for generating and storing excess energy from renewable power sources in the form of hydrocarbons, which can be used in a closed circuit to produce electricity in an environmentally friendly manner again by recycling the exhaust gas products. The system (1) has a device (2) for generating electricity by combusting hydrocarbons, a device (3) for generating hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, an accumulator (4) having carbon dioxide, an accumulator (5) having hydrocarbons, the device (2) for generating electricity being connected to the accumulator (4) having carbon dioxide and to the accumulator (5) having hydrocarbons by means of at least one line (6, 7) in each case, and the device (3) for generating combustible hydrocarbons being connected to the accumulator (5) having hydrocarbons by means of at least one line (8). The method is characterized by the following steps: a) generating hydrocarbons such as methane by reacting carbon dioxide with hydrogen, b) combusting the hydrocarbons generated in step a), thereby releasing carbon dioxide, c) returning the carbon dioxide generated in step b) to step a) and/or storing the carbon dioxide in an accumulator intended for storing carbon dioxide.

Description

Anlage und Verfahren zur ökologischen Erzeugung und Speicherung von Strom Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Erzeugung und Speicherung von Überschussenergie aus regenerativen Plant and method for the ecological production and storage of electricity The invention relates to a plant for the production and storage of surplus energy from regenerative
Stromquellen in Form von Kohlenwasserstoffen, die in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf zur erneuten umweltfreundlichen Stromproduktion durch Wiederverwertung der Abgaspro- dukte einsetzbar sind. Power sources in the form of hydrocarbons, which can be used in a closed loop for the renewed environmentally friendly production of electricity by recycling the exhaust products.
Das bisherige Stromsystem in Deutschland und Europas ist derart aufgebaut, dass die Lastkurve überwiegend von Großkraftwerken nachgefahren wird, die zum größten Teil aus Wärmekraftwerken bestehen. Das Prinzip der Stromerzeugung in Wärmekraftwerken basiert auf der Umwandlung von Wärmeenergie in elektrische Energie. Die Wärmeenergie wird durch die Verbrennung organischer Materialien, in der Regel fossile Brennstoffe wie Kohle, Erdöl oder Erd- gas erzeugt, es können jedoch prinzipiell auch andere Ma¬ terialien benutzt werden, die bei der Verbrennung Wärme freisetzen. Als Beispiel hierfür seien Müllverbrennungs¬ anlagen genannt. Mit der bei der Verbrennung frei werdenden Wärme wird aus Wasser Wasserdampf erzeugt, mit dem eine Dampfturbine angetrieben wird, die dann die kineti¬ sche Energie in elektrische Energie umwandelt. The existing power system in Germany and Europe is structured in such a way that the load curve is predominantly traced by large power plants, which for the most part consist of thermal power plants. The principle of power generation in thermal power plants is based on the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy. The thermal energy generated by the combustion of organic materials, usually fossil fuels such as coal, oil or natural gas, but it can be used, which release heat during combustion principle, other Ma ¬ terialien. As an example may be mentioned waste incineration plants ¬. With the heat released during combustion, water vapor is generated from water, with which a steam turbine is driven, which then converts the kineti ¬ cal energy into electrical energy.
Ein Problem bei der Verbrennung organischer Brennstoffe ist die Bildung von Kohlendioxid (C02) · CO2 ist ein Gas, welches die in den Sonnenstrahlen enthaltene Infrarot¬ strahlung stark absorbiert und für die globale Erwärmung der Erdatmosphäre, der auch als sogenannter „Treibhausef¬ fekt" bekannt ist, verantwortlich gemacht wird. Ein weiteres Problem ist die Nutzung der fossilen Brennstoffe selbst, da diese aus Abbauprodukten von toten Tie- ren und Pflanzen aus geologischer Vorzeit stammen und sich, im Gegensatz zu nachwachsenden Rohstoffen wie z.B. Holz, im Rahmen des Zeithorizontes des Menschen, nicht ohne Weiteres regenerieren lassen. Ein Ende dieser fossi- len Vorräte ist daher absehbar. A problem in the combustion of organic fuels is the formation of carbon dioxide (C0 2) · CO 2 is a gas which strongly absorbs contained in the sun's rays infrared ¬ radiation and for the global warming, also known as so-called "Treibhausef ¬ fect Another problem is the use of fossil fuels themselves, as these are derived from dead-weight degradation products. Renewables and plants originate from geological past and, in contrast to renewable raw materials such as wood, within the time horizon of man, can not regenerate easily. An end to these fossil reserves is therefore foreseeable.
Zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen daher Kraftwerke, die mit regenerativen Energien betrieben werden. Unter regenerativen Energien versteht man Energien aus Quellen, die sich entweder kurzfristig von selbst erneuern oder deren Nutzung nicht zur Erschöpfung der Quelle beiträgt. Zu den erneuerbaren Energien zählen insbesondere Windenergie, Sonnenenergie, Wasserkraft, Erdwärme und die durch Gezei¬ ten erzeugte Energie. As a result, power stations that use regenerative energy are becoming increasingly important. Regenerative energies are energies from sources that either renew themselves at short notice or whose use does not contribute to the depletion of the source. Renewable energies include in particular wind energy, solar energy, hydroelectric power, geothermal heat and the energy generated by gezei ¬ th.
Nachteilig an Solar- und Windkraftwerken ist, dass diese abhängig von der Verfügbarkeit ihrer Energiequelle sind, die starken Fluktuationen unterworfen sein kann. So können Solarkraftwerke - aus ersichtlichen Gründen - nur am Tage bei ausreichender Sonnenstrahlung und Windkraftkraftwerke nur bei Wind nennenswerten Strom produzieren. Die Deckung des Strombedarfes zu jeder Zeit kann allein mit diesen Kraftwerken daher nicht gewährleistet werden. Ein Nachteil von nicht-stofflichen Energieressourcen liegt ferner in ihrer Beschaffenheit selbst, da diese sich wegen ihrer mangelnden Stofflichkeit nicht direkt speichern lassen. Ebenso wenig lässt sich überschüssig erzeugter Strom als solcher direkt speichern. Hierfür be- darf es vielmehr eines stofflichen Speichermediums, das durch die elektrische Energie transformiert wird und da¬ bei durch die Transformation Energie aufnimmt. Bei der Rückumwandlung in den ursprünglichen Zustand wird die gespeicherte Energie dann wieder frei und kann genutzt wer- den. Für die Speicherung von Sonnen- oder Windenergie bedarf es daher stofflicher Hilfsmittel. Ein Verfahren zur Speicherung von elektrischer Energie ist aus US 4189925 A bekannt. Darin wird ein System be¬ schrieben, in welchem durch Elektrolyse aus Wasser Was- serstoff hergestellt wird, mit dem mittels einer Kohlen- stoffquelle, wie z.B. Kohlendioxid, Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Methan oder Methanol hergestellt werden. Diese werden dann in einem Behältnis gespeichert und können bei Bedarf wieder zur Stromgewinnung verwendet werden. A disadvantage of solar and wind power plants is that they are dependent on the availability of their energy source, which may be subject to strong fluctuations. For obvious reasons, solar power plants can only produce significant electricity during the day when there is sufficient solar radiation and wind power plants. The coverage of electricity demand at any time can therefore not be guaranteed with these power plants alone. A disadvantage of non-material energy resources is also their nature, since they can not be stored directly because of their lack of materiality. Nor can excessively generated electricity be stored as such directly. Working for this should it rather be a material storage medium that is transformed by the electric energy and there ¬ at absorbs energy by the transformation. During the reconversion back to the original state, the stored energy is then released again and can be used. The storage of solar or wind energy therefore requires material aids. A method for storing electrical energy is known from US 4189925 A. It will be ¬ enrolled in which water produced by electrolysis of water serstoff, with the fuel source by means of a carbon such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons such as methane or methanol are prepared a system. These are then stored in a container and can be used again to generate electricity as needed.
Aus US 2009/0289227 AI ist ferner ein Verfahren bekannt, in dem CO2, welches als Abgasstrom bei der Nutzung koh¬ lenstoffhaltiger Substanzen entsteht, zur Erzeugung von Substanzen wie Methan, Methanol oder Kohlenmonoxid be- nutzt wird, die als Brennstoffe Verwendung finden. Dabei wird Strom aus regenerativen Quellen (z.B. Windkraft) zur Herstellung von Wasserstoff verwendet, welcher unter anderem für die Herstellung der organischen Substanzen genutzt wird. From US 2009/0289227 AI a method is also known in which CO 2 , which is produced as an exhaust gas stream in the use of kohl ¬ lenstoffhaltiger substances, for the production of substances such as methane, methanol or carbon monoxide is used, which are used as fuels. Electricity from renewable sources (eg wind power) is used to produce hydrogen, which is used, among other things, for the production of organic substances.
Die DE 10 2011 013 922 AI beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Speicherung von Überschussenergie in einem komplexen System unterschiedlicher Kraftwerksarten. Die DE 20 2011 005 536 Ul offenbart eine Anlage zur Nut¬ zung von zeitlich variabel anfallendem Kohlendioxid aus verschiedenen Energiequellen. DE 10 2011 013 922 A1 describes a method for storing excess energy in a complex system of different power plant types. The DE 20 2011 005 536 Ul discloses a plant for the groove ¬ wetting of temporally variable accumulating carbon dioxide from different energy sources.
In der DE 20 2010 012 734 Ul wird eine Energieträger- Erzeugungsanlage zum kohlendioxidneutralen Ausgleich von Erzeugungsspitzen und -tälern beschrieben, wobei als E- nergieträger auch flüssige Brennstoffe wie Methanol ver¬ wendet werden. Die DE 10 2009 018 126 AI betrifft ein Energieversor¬ gungssystem und Betriebsverfahren, in welchem das erzeugte Methangas in ein Gasversorgungsnetz eingespeist wird. In der US 5 505 824 A wird eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren offenbart, um aus atmosphärischen Kohlendioxid Brennstoffe wie Methan zu erzeugen, welche dann in Rake¬ tenantrieben oder Verbrennungsmotoren verwendet werden können . In DE 20 2010 012 734 Ul an energy source generating plant for carbon dioxide neutral balancing of production peaks and valleys is described, as energy sources also liquid fuels such as methanol ver ¬ are used. The DE 10 2009 018 126 Al relates to a Energieversor ¬ supply system and operation method in which the methane gas produced is fed to a gas supply network. In US 5,505,824 A an apparatus and a method is disclosed for producing from atmospheric carbon dioxide fuels such as methane, which can then be used in Rake ¬ tenantrieben or internal combustion engines.
Ein zentraler Nachteil bei der bekannten Nutzung von Kohlenwasserstoffen wie Methan oder Methanol als Energiespeicher ist das bei seiner Rückumwandlung in Strom oder Wärme wieder freiwerdende CO2 und dessen bereits genann- ten Auswirkungen auf das Klima. A major disadvantage of the known use of hydrocarbons such as methane or methanol as energy storage is the CO 2 released during its reconversion into electricity or heat and its already mentioned effects on the climate.
Wünschenswert wäre daher eine auf Kohlenwasserstoffen ba¬ sierte Energieerzeugung oder -speicherung, welche die o- ben genannten Nachteile vermeidet. It would therefore be desirable to provide a hydrocarbon-ba ¬ catalyzed energy production or storage, which avoids the o- ben mentioned disadvantages.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein örtlich eng gekoppeltes Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Strom und Speicherung von Beiprodukten wie z.B. CO2 zur Verfü¬ gung zu stellen, welches umweltfreundlich und zugleich effizient ist, und bei dem die Atmosphäre durch frei wer¬ dendes Kohlendioxid möglichst wenig belastet wird. Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a locally tightly coupled process for the production of electricity and storage of by-products such as CO 2 for Availability checked ¬ supply, which is environmentally friendly and at the same time efficiently, and in which the atmosphere by free ¬ Knitting carbon dioxide is charged as little as possible.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Anlage gemäß den Merk¬ malen des Hauptanspruchs und einem Verfahren gemäß des unabhängigen Verfahrensanspruchs. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. The object is achieved by a system according to the features of the main claim and a method according to the independent method claim. Further advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist somit eine Anlage 1, aufweisend The subject of the present invention is thus a plant 1, comprising
- eine Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeugung von Strom durch - A device 2 for generating electricity by
Verbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen, - eine Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Wasserstoff und Kohlendioxid Combustion of hydrocarbons, - A device 3 for the production of hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon dioxide
- einen Speicher 4 mit Kohlendioxid  - A memory 4 with carbon dioxide
- einen Speicher 5 mit Kohlenwasserstoffen ,  a storage 5 with hydrocarbons,
wobei die Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeugung von Strom mit mindestens je einer Leitung 6, 7 mit dem Speicher 4 mit Kohlendioxid und dem Speicher 5 mit Kohlenwasserstoffen in Verbindung steht, und die Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von brennbaren Kohlenwasserstoffen mit mindestens einer Lei- tung 8 mit dem Speicher 5 mit Kohlenwasserstoffen in Verbindung steht. wherein the device 2 for generating electricity with at least one line 6, 7 with the memory 4 with carbon dioxide and the memory 5 with hydrocarbons in combination, and the device 3 for producing combustible hydrocarbons with at least one line 8 with the Memory 5 is associated with hydrocarbons.
Erfindungsgemäß besonders bevorzugt ist eine Anlage 1, bei der mindestens einer der Speicher 4 oder 5 ein Unter- grundspeicher ist. Particularly preferred according to the invention is an installation 1 in which at least one of the storages 4 or 5 is a sub-storage.
Erfindungsgemäß ganz besonders bevorzugt ist eine Anlage 1, bei der die beiden Speicher 4 und 5 jeweils Untergrundspeicher sind. Very particularly preferred according to the invention is an installation 1, in which the two storages 4 and 5 are each underground storages.
Besonders bevorzugt sind dabei Untergrundspeicher, die jeweils unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt sind aus Porenspeichern, Aquifierspeichern, ausgeförderten Lagerstätten und Kavernenspeichern. Particularly preferred are underground reservoirs which are each selected independently of one another from pore reservoirs, reservoirs, discharged reservoirs and cavern reservoirs.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist, dass die Anlage 1, ferner eine Vorrichtung 9 zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff aufweist, die mit der Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen in Verbindung steht. Dabei ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass eine Vorrichtung 10 zur Erzeugung vonAccording to the invention it is preferred that the plant 1, further comprises a device 9 for the production of hydrogen, which is in communication with the device 3 for the production of hydrocarbons. It is further preferred that a device 10 for generating
Strom, die mit der Vorrichtung 9 zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff in Verbindung steht, vorgesehen ist. Ferner ist weiterhin besonders bevorzugt, dass die Vorrichtung 10 zur Erzeugung von Strom den Strom aus erneuerbaren Ener- gien wie Wind, Sonne, Wasser oder Erdwärme erzeugt. Besonders bevorzugt ist auch eine Anlage 1, wobei die Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeugung von Strom ein Gas- und Dampfturbinenkraftwerk (GuD-Kraftwerk) ist. Bevorzugt ist erfindungsgemäß weiterhin eine Anlage 1, wobei mindestens einer der Speicher 4 oder 5 ein Untergrundspeicher ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist es dass beide Speicher 4 und 5 Untergrundspeicher sind. Weiterhin ist besonders bevorzugt, dass die Anlage 1 fer¬ ner eine Biogasanlage 11 zur Erzeugung von flüchtigen Kohlenwasserstoffen wie z.B. Methan aus Biomasse aufweist, die mittels einer Leitung 12 mit dem Speicher 5 für Kohlenwasserstoffe in Verbindung steht. Electricity associated with the device 9 for generating hydrogen, is provided. Furthermore, it is furthermore particularly preferred that the device 10 for generating electricity generates the power from renewable energies such as wind, sun, water or geothermal heat. Particularly preferred is also a plant 1, wherein the device 2 for generating electricity is a combined cycle power plant (CCGT). In accordance with the invention, a plant 1 is preferred, wherein at least one of the reservoirs 4 or 5 is an underground reservoir. It is particularly preferred that both memories 4 and 5 are underground memories. Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that the plant 1 fer ¬ ner a biogas plant 11 for generating volatile hydrocarbons such as methane from biomass, which is connected by means of a line 12 to the memory 5 for hydrocarbons in combination.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist ferner eine Anlage 1, wobei der Speicher 4 mit Kohlendioxid mittels einer Leitung 13 mit der Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Wasserstoff und Kohlendioxid in Verbindung steht. Also preferred according to the invention is an installation 1, the storage 4 being connected to carbon dioxide by means of a line 13 to the device 3 for producing hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ferner ein Verfahren, bei dem man die folgenden Schritte ausführt The invention further provides a method in which the following steps are carried out
a) Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen wie z.B. Methan durch Reaktion von Kohlendioxid mit Wasserstoff, a) production of hydrocarbons, e.g. Methane by reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen,
b) Verbrennung der in Schritt a) erzeugten Kohlenwasserstoffe unter Freisetzung von Kohlendioxid; b) combustion of the hydrocarbons produced in step a) with liberation of carbon dioxide;
c) Zurückführen des in Schritt b) erzeugten Kohlendioxids zu Schritt a) und/oder Speichern des Kohlendioxids in ei¬ nem dafür vorgesehenen Speicher. c) returning said generated in step b) the carbon dioxide to step a) and / or storing the carbon dioxide in egg ¬ nem dedicated memory.
Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass die erzeugten Kohlenwasserstoffe direkt der Verbrennung unterworfen werden, ohne dabei die Kohlenwasserstoffe zwischenzeitlich zu spei¬ chern . Bevorzugt ist dabei ein Verfahren, wobei man die in It is provided that the hydrocarbons produced are subjected directly to the combustion, without the hydrocarbons meanwhile to save ¬ chern. Preference is given to a method wherein the in
Schritt b) frei werdende Energie zur Erzeugung von Strom, vorzugsweise mittels eines Gas- und Dampfturbinenkraft- werks, verwendet. Step b) energy used to generate electricity, preferably by means of a combined cycle power plant, used.
Besonders bevorzugt ist ferner ein Verfahren, wobei man den Wasserstoff in Schritt a) durch Elektrolyse von Was¬ ser erzeugt. Erfindungsgemäß besonders bevorzugt ist da¬ bei, dass man den Strom für die Elektrolyse durch erneu- erbare Energien wie Wind, Sonne, Wasser oder Erdwärme er¬ zeugt . Especially preferred is further a process wherein the hydrogen produced in step a) by the electrolysis of what ¬ ser. According to the invention is particularly preferred ¬ for there to be ¬ he testifies electricity for electrolysis by renewable energy sources will like wind, solar, hydro or geothermal energy.
Ein wesentliches Merkmal der Erfindung besteht darin, dass bei der Verbrennung freigesetztes CO2 nicht in die Atmosphäre abgegeben, sondern abgefangen und dann in einem Speicher deponiert wird, von wo es, je nach Bedarf, für die Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen wie z.B. Methan (Methanisierung) , verwendet wird. Auf diese Weise wird ein Kreislauf erzeugt, in dem CO2 abwechselnd erzeugt und dann wieder in Kohlenwasserstoffe umgewandelt wird. An essential feature of the invention is that released CO 2 in the combustion is not released into the atmosphere, but intercepted and then dumped in a memory, from where it, as needed, for the production of hydrocarbons such as methane (methanation) , is used. In this way, a cycle is created in which CO 2 is generated alternately and then converted back into hydrocarbons.
Damit wird CO2, welches sonst nur ein Abgas darstellt, als Rohstoff für die Herstellung eines stofflichen Ener giespeichers genutzt. Der C02-Kreislauf lässt sich am Beispiel von Methan als Kohlenwasserstoff anhand von Re aktionsgleichungen wie folgt darstellen: This CO 2 , which is otherwise only an exhaust gas, used as a raw material for the production of a material Ener giespeichers. Using the example of methane as hydrocarbon, the C0 2 cycle can be represented as follows by means of reaction equations:
I) Methanisierung: I) methanation:
4 H2 + C02 -> CH4 + 2 H20 (I) 4 H 2 + C0 2 -> CH 4 + 2 H 2 O (I)
II) Verbrennung:  II) Combustion:
CH4 + 02 -> C02 + H20 (II) CH 4 + 0 2 -> C0 2 + H 2 0 (II)
In Schritt (I) wird aus Wasserstoff und Kohlendioxid Me¬ than generiert. Dieses wird in Schritt (II) in der Vor¬ richtung zur Erzeugung von Strom wieder verbrannt und in Kohlendioxid umgewandelt, welches dann entweder gespei- chert, oder wieder direkt zur Methanisierung in Schritt (I) zurückgeführt wird. In step (I), hydrogen and carbon dioxide generate Me ¬ than. This is again burned in step (II) in the device for generating electricity and converted into carbon dioxide, which is then either stored. chert, or is returned directly to the methanation in step (I).
Die Methanisierung kann beispielsweise nach dem bekannten Sabatier-Verfahren bei Temperaturen zwischen 300°C und 700°C in Anwesenheit eines Nickelkatalysators durchge¬ führt werden. The methanation can be Runaway ¬ for example, leads to the Sabatier known method at temperatures between 300 ° C and 700 ° C in the presence of a nickel catalyst.
Das CO2 kann beispielsweise im sogenannten Oxyfuel- Verfahren isoliert werden. Dabei werden die Brennstoffe in einer Atmosphäre aus reinem Sauerstoff verbrannt. Der reine Sauerstoff kann wiederum aus der Anlage zur Erzeu¬ gung von Wasserstoff entnommen werden, da bei der Elektrolyse von Wasser neben Wasserstoff auch Sauerstoff ge- bildet wird. Da im Gegensatz zu Luft bei der Verbrennung kein Stickstoff anwesend ist, bestehen die entstehenden Rauchgase fast zu 100% aus CO2 und Wasserdampf. Der Was¬ serdampf kann durch Abkühlen leicht kondensiert werden, so dass reines oder hochkonzentriertes CO2 übrig bleibt, welches verdichtet zum Speicher transportiert werden kann . The CO2 can be isolated, for example, in the so-called oxyfuel process. The fuels are burned in an atmosphere of pure oxygen. The pure oxygen can be removed from the plant for the generation ¬ supply of hydrogen in turn, as in the electrolysis of water in addition to hydrogen and oxygen is formed overall. Since, in contrast to air during combustion, no nitrogen is present, the resulting flue gases consist almost 100% of CO2 and water vapor. The What ¬ serdampf can be easily condensed by cooling, so that pure or highly concentrated CO2 remains, which compresses can be transported to the store.
Dies bedeutet, dass CO2 und CH4 einen Kreislauf bilden und das Reaktionssystem bzw. die erfindungsgemäße Anlage 1 nicht verlassen. Der für die Methanisierung erforderliche Wasserstoff wird mittels Strom aus regenerativen E- nergiequellen erzeugt und bildet einen Ausgangsstoff für die Herstellung von Methan. Somit steht ein C02~neutrales Energieerzeugungssystem zur Verfügung, welches selbst kein zusätzliches CO2 liefert. This means that CO2 and CH 4 form a cycle and do not leave the reaction system or the plant 1 according to the invention. The hydrogen required for the methanation is generated by electricity from renewable energy sources and forms a source for the production of methane. Thus, a C02 ~ neutral power generation system is available, which itself does not provide additional CO2.
Die auf Kohlenwasserstoffen basierende Energiespeicherung eignet sich insbesondere für Gas- und Dampfturbinenkraft- werke (kurz GuD) Vorort, welche optimal mit der CCS- Technologie kombiniert werden können. CCS steht für Car¬ bon Dioxide Capture and Storage, worunter man die Spei- cherung von Kohlendioxid in Untergrundspeichern in unterirdischen Gesteinsschichten versteht. Für GuDs eignet sich diese Technologie besonders, weil als Brennstoff in der Regel Methan genutzt wird und GuDs mit einem Wir- kungsgrad von ca. 60% sehr effizient und skalierbar sind. The hydrocarbon-based energy storage is particularly suitable for gas and steam turbine power plants (short GuD) suburb, which can be optimally combined with the CCS technology. CCS stands for Car ¬ bon Dioxide Capture and Storage, by which is the storage understanding of carbon dioxide in underground reservoirs in subterranean rock layers. This technology is particularly suitable for CCPs because methane is generally used as the fuel, and CCPs with an efficiency of approx. 60% are very efficient and scalable.
GuD Kraftwerke haben darüber hinaus den Vorteil schnell angefahren und abgeschaltet zu werden. Dies macht die Kraftwerke rentabel, da sie am Regelenergiemarkt Strom im Bereich der Minutenreserve anbieten können. Außerdem ist die Leistung von GuD Kraftwerken im Bereich zwischen 80 MW und 860 MW je Einheit skalierbar. Dies macht die erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die Anlage auch für klei¬ nere Stadtwerke rentabel und trägt zur Delokalisierung und damit zur Regelbarkeit der Stromerzeugung bei. In addition, combined cycle power plants have the advantage of being quickly started up and shut down. This makes the power plants profitable, since they can offer power in the control energy market in the range of minute reserve. In addition, the capacity of combined cycle power plants in the range between 80 MW and 860 MW per unit is scalable. This makes the method and the plant profitable for klei ¬ nere Stadtwerke and contributes to the delocalization and thus controllability of the power generation.
Der Wasserstoff, der für die Erzeugung der Kohlenwasserstoffe benötigt wird, kann durch Elektrolyse von Wasser nach der folgenden Gleichung erzeugt werden: The hydrogen needed to produce the hydrocarbons can be produced by electrolysis of water according to the following equation:
2 H20 -> 2 H2 + 02 (III) 2H 2 0 -> 2H 2 + 0 2 (III)
Für die Erzeugung des Wasserstoffs wird bei der Elektro¬ lyse des Wassers in vorteilhafter Weise Strom aus regene- rativen Quellen verwendet. Wie bereits erwähnt, lässt sich überschüssige Energie nicht ohne Weiteres speichern. Es bietet sich daher an, regenerative elektrische Über¬ schussenergie für die Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu verwenden, da die Überschussenergie auf diese Weise in Form eines stofflichen Energiespeichers genutzt werden kann und nicht verloren geht. For the production of the hydrogen is used in the electric ¬ analysis of the water advantageously electricity from regenerative sources. As already mentioned, excess energy can not be easily stored. It therefore makes sense to use regenerative electrical energy over ¬ shot for the production of hydrocarbons, since the excess energy can be used in this way in the form of a material energy storage and is not lost.
Der hierbei nebenbei erzeugte Sauerstoff kann in vorteil¬ hafter Weise für die Verbrennung in Reaktion (II) verwen- det werden. Dies bietet sich insbesondere an, wenn dieThe oxygen produced can be det this way in ¬ advantageous manner for combustion in reaction (II) verwen-. This is particularly useful when the
Verbrennung im Oxyfuel-Verfahren betrieben wird, bei dem, wie bereits erwähnt wurde, reiner Sauerstoff benötigt wird. Auf diese Weise werden auch die gebildeten Nebenprodukte sinnvoll verwertet. Die gebildeten Kohlenwasserstoffe werden entweder direkt in der Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Strom verbrannt, o- der aber in einen Kohlenwasserstoff-Speicher gespeichert. Der Kohlenwasserstoff-Speicher ist durch eine Bohrung o- der eine Leitung mit dem Kraftwerk verbunden, so dass die Kohlenwasserstoffe bei Bedarf auch vom Kohlenwasserstoff- Speicher entnommen werden können. Der Kohlenwasserstoff- Speicher dient dazu, überschüssige Kohlenwasserstoffe zu speichern, falls es nicht unmittelbar für die Stromerzeu¬ gung benötigt wird. Combustion is operated in the oxyfuel process, in which As already mentioned, pure oxygen is needed. In this way, the by-products formed are usefully utilized. The hydrocarbons formed are either burned directly in the device for generating electricity, or stored in a hydrocarbon storage. The hydrocarbon storage is connected by a bore o- a line to the power plant, so that the hydrocarbons can be removed from the hydrocarbon storage, if necessary. The hydrocarbon storage is used to store excess hydrocarbons, if it is not needed directly for the Stromerzeu ¬ supply.
Eine stoffliche Energiespeicherung auf Basis von Kohlenwasserstoffen bietet gegenüber der Wasserstoffspeicherung mehrere wesentliche Vorteile: i) Sie ist zeitnah umsetzbar, da die Wasserstoffspeiche¬ rung in geologischen Speichern zurzeit noch nicht Stand der Technik ist. A material energy storage based on hydrocarbons provides against the hydrogen storage several major advantages: i) it is promptly implemented, since the hydrogen spoke ¬ tion is not state of the art in geological reservoirs currently.
ii) Die Rückumwandlung von Methan in Elektrizität kann auf etablierte Kraftwerkstechnologie zurückgreifen. ii) The re-conversion of methane into electricity can rely on established power plant technology.
iü) Die Kohlenwasserstoffe können das vorhandene Erdgas¬ netz eingespeist werden. iii) The hydrocarbons can be fed in the existing natural gas ¬ network.
iv) Im Gegensatz zu Wasserstoff gehört die Speicherung von Kohlenwasserstoffen zum Stand der Technik. Die Speicherung von Methan und anderen Kohlenwasserstoffen sowie die Speicherung von Kohlendioxid in Untergrund¬ speichern ist im Stand der Technik bekannt. Bei den Untergrundspeichern unterscheidet man zwischen Porenspeichern mit zwei Typen, nämlich Aquiferspeicher und ausge- förderte Lagerstätten (Kohlenwasserstoffe, Erdöl, Öl- schiefer) , und Kavernenspeichern, welche vor allem technisch hergestellte Hohlräume in Salzformationen sind. iv) In contrast to hydrogen, the storage of hydrocarbons is state of the art. The storage of methane and other hydrocarbons and the storage of carbon dioxide in the underground ¬ store is known in the art. Underground storage facilities distinguish between two types of pore storage, namely aquifer storage and extracted deposits (hydrocarbons, petroleum, oil). slate), and cavern storage, which are mainly technically produced cavities in salt formations.
Die Untergrundspeicher können in unterschiedlichen geolo- gischen Formationen vorgesehen sein. Diese Formationen kommen auch in Deutschland häufig vor und ermöglichen es, derartige Speicher in unterschiedlichen Tiefen übereinander vorzusehen. Optional kann die erfindungsgemäße Anlage ferner eineThe underground reservoirs can be provided in different geological formations. These formations are also common in Germany and make it possible to provide such memory at different depths on top of each other. Optionally, the system according to the invention can also have a
Biogasanlage enthalten. Biogasanlagen dienen der Erzeugung von Biogas durch Vergärung von Biomasse, wobei ebenfalls verwertbare Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Methan gebildet werden. Dieses kann abgefangen und mittels einer Bohrung oder Leitung der Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Strom zugeführt werden. Die Biogasanlage stellt damit eine alter¬ native Methan-Quelle dar, auf die zurückgegriffen werden kann, falls die Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus CO2 aus irgendeinem Grunde nicht durchgeführt werden kann. Biogas plant included. Biogas plants are used to produce biogas by fermenting biomass, whereby also usable hydrocarbons such as methane are formed. This can be intercepted and supplied by means of a bore or line of the device for generating electricity. The biogas plant thus represents an alternative source of methane, which can be used if the production of hydrocarbons from CO 2 can not be carried out for some reason.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage können z.B. Wärmekraftwerk und Solarkraftwerk alternierend betrieben werden. Tagsüber kann bei starker Sonneneinstrahlung überschüssige Sonnenenergie in Form von Methan gespeichert werden, welches dazu genutzt wird, um das Wärmekraftwerk nachts zu betreiben, wenn keine Sonne scheint. With the system according to the invention, e.g. Thermal power plant and solar power plant operated alternately. During the day, excess solar energy can be stored in the form of methane in strong sunlight, which is used to run the thermal power plant at night when there is no sunshine.
Die Erfindung wird anhand des folgenden Ausführungsbei¬ spieles näher erläutert. Darin zeigt Fig. 1 eine schema- tische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following Ausführungsbei ¬ game. 1 shows a schematic representation of the system according to the invention.
Die Anlage 1 besteht aus einer Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeu¬ gung von Strom, z.B. ein Wärmekraftwerk, einer Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen, einem Spei- eher 4 für Kohlendioxid sowie einem Speicher 5 für die erzeugten Kohlenwasserstoffe. Der Speicher 4 ist mit ei- ner Leitung 6 mit der Vorrichtung 2 und einer weiteren Leitung 13 mit der Vorrichtung 3 verbunden. Ferner verbindet eine Leitung 7 die Vorrichtung 2 mit dem Speicher für Kohlenwasserstoffe 5. The plant 1 comprises a device 2 for the generation ¬ supply of electricity, such as a thermal power plant, a device 3 for production of hydrocarbons, a storage rather 4 for carbon dioxide and a memory 5 for the generated hydrocarbons. The memory 4 is connected to a ner line 6 connected to the device 2 and another line 13 to the device 3. Furthermore, a line 7 connects the device 2 to the hydrocarbon storage 5.
In der Vorrichtung 9 wird durch Elektrolyse, also mit Hilfe von elektrischem Strom, Wasser in seine Bestandteile Wasserstoff (H2) und Sauerstoff (02) zerlegt. Der ge¬ bildete Wasserstoff wird anschließend in die Vorrichtung 3 gefördert, wo Kohlendioxid mit dem erzeugten Wasser¬ stoff zu Kohlenwasserstoffen, z.B. Methan reduziert wird. In the device 9, hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ) are decomposed into its constituents by electrolysis, that is with the aid of electric current. The ge ¬ formed hydrogen is then fed into the device 3, where carbon dioxide is reduced with the generated hydrogen ¬ material to hydrocarbons, eg methane.
Die erzeugten Kohlenwasserstoffe werden nun entweder direkt in die Vorrichtung 2 gefördert oder, falls ein Über- schuss an Methan vorhanden ist, in einem dafür vorgesehenen Methan-Speicher 5 gespeichert. Die Möglichkeit der direkten Zuführung der erzeugten Kohlenwasserstoffe zur Vorrichtung 2 ist ein wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage und des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Damit ist es nämlich möglich, das bei der Verbrennung gebildete Kohlendioxid wieder direkt in die Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen einzuspeisen. Damit wird das klimarelevante Kohlendioxid in einem Kreislauf geführt und kann nicht in die Atmosphäre entweichen. The hydrocarbons produced are now either conveyed directly into the device 2 or, if an excess of methane is present, stored in a methane storage 5 provided for this purpose. The possibility of direct supply of the hydrocarbons produced to the device 2 is a significant advantage of the system according to the invention and of the method according to the invention. Thus, it is in fact possible to feed the carbon dioxide formed during the combustion again directly into the device 3 for the production of hydrocarbons. Thus, climate-relevant carbon dioxide is circulated and can not escape into the atmosphere.
In dem Wärmekraftwerk werden die Kohlenwasserstoffe opti¬ onal mit anderen fossilen Brennstoffen gemischt und verbrannt und die dabei erzeugte Wärme in elektrischen Strom umgewandelt . In the thermal power plant, the hydrocarbons are opti ¬ onal mixed with other fossil fuels and burned and converted the heat generated in this way into electricity.
Das bei der Verbrennung der Kohlenwasserstoffe frei wer¬ dende Kohlendioxid wird von den anderen gasförmigen Be¬ standteilen getrennt und mit Hilfe einer Leitung 6 in den Kohlendioxid-Speicher 4 befördert und dort deponiert. Bei Bedarf kann das Kohlendioxid von dort der Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen mittels der Leitung 13 zugeführt werden. The free ¬ Dende during the combustion of the hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide is separated from the other gaseous Be ¬ stand parts and transported to the carbon dioxide memory 4 with the aid of a line 6 and deposited there. If necessary, the carbon dioxide from there the device. 3 for the production of hydrocarbons by means of the line 13 to be supplied.
Die Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeugung von Strom, der Kohlendi- oxid-Speicher 4 und die Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung vonThe device 2 for generating electricity, the carbon dioxide storage 4 and the device 3 for generating
Methan bilden ein Kreislauf, in dem das Kohlendioxid zwi¬ schen der Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeugung von Strom, dem Speicher 4 für Kohlendioxid und der Vorrichtung 3 zur Erzeugung von Methan zirkuliert. Da das Kohlendioxid nicht in die Umgebung gelangt, wird der Kohlendioxidgehalt in der Atmosphäre nicht erhöht. Das Verfahren stellt somit eine umweltschonende Methode zur bedarfsangepassten Ener¬ giegewinnung bzw. Energiespeicherung dar. Der bei der Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen benötigte Wasserstoff wird in der Vorrichtung 9 durch Elektrolyse von Wasser erzeugt. Der hierfür benötigte Strom stammt aus der Vorrichtung 10, z.B. einem Windkraftwerk. Der Kohlendioxid-Speicher 4 ist zusätzlich über eine Leitung 12 mit einer Biogasanlage 11 verbunden, in welcher Biomasse vergärt und flüchtige Kohlenwasserstoffe gebil¬ det werden. Dieses wird abgefangen und mit Hilfe der Lei¬ tung 12 in den Speicher 5 für Kohlenwasserstoffe trans- portiert. Auf diese Weise werden zusätzlich Kohlenwasserstoffe erzeugt, welche in der Vorrichtung 2 zur Erzeugung von Strom als Brennstoff genutzt werden können. Methane form a circuit in which the carbon dioxide Zvi ¬ rule the circulated device 2 to generate electricity, the memory 4 for carbon dioxide and the device 3 for production of methane. Since the carbon dioxide does not enter the environment, the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere is not increased. The method thus provides an environmentally friendly method for demand-adapted Ener ¬ giegewinnung or energy storage. The required in the production of hydrocarbons, hydrogen is generated in the device 9 by the electrolysis of water. The power required for this comes from the device 10, such as a wind power plant. The carbon dioxide storage 4 is also connected via a line 12 with a biogas plant 11, in which fermented biomass and volatile hydrocarbons are gebil ¬ det. This is intercepted and transported by means of the Lei ¬ tion 12 in the memory 5 for hydrocarbons. In this way, additional hydrocarbons are generated, which can be used in the device 2 for generating electricity as fuel.
Zusätzlich ist die Biogasanlage 11 über eine Leitung 14 mit der Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen 3 verbunden, über die in der Biogasanlage 11 anfallendes CO2 über eine Leitung 14 in die Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Methan geleitet werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage und das erfindungsgemäße Ver¬ fahren eignen sich in besonderer Weise für die Anwendung in örtlich eng gekoppelten Energieerzeugungsanlagen, welche mit erneuerbaren Energieerzeugungsvorrichtungen arbeiten. Die Kombination von Windenergie, Solarenergie und Energie aus Biomasse, gekoppelt mit einem GuD-Kraftwerk, bildet eine von äußerer Energiezufuhr unabhängige Versorgungseinrichtung für kleine bis mittelgroße kommunale Einheiten. Es werden keinerlei fossile Brennstoffe benö¬ tigt, um die Energieversorgung zuverlässig sicher zu stellen. Neben der direkten Versorgung mit elektrischer Energie können auch Kohlenwasserstoffe über ein Gasver¬ sorgungsnetz zu den Endverbrauchern geleitet werden. Die Energie wird somit dort erzeugt, wo sie benötigt wird. Der Anschluss an Energiefernleitungen ist nicht erforderlich. Erzeugte Überschussenergie wird in Form von Kohlen¬ wasserstoffen gespeichert. Diese Kohlenwasserstoffe kön¬ nen wiederum einfach transportiert oder gespeichert werden . In addition, the biogas plant 11 is connected via a line 14 to the device for producing hydrocarbons 3, via which CO 2 produced in the biogas plant 11 can be conducted via a line 14 into the device for producing methane. The system according to the invention and the method according to the invention are particularly suitable for use in locally tightly coupled power plants using renewable energy generating devices. The combination of wind energy, solar energy and energy from biomass, coupled with a combined cycle power plant, forms an external energy supply independent supply device for small to medium-sized municipal units. There are no fossil fuels Need Beer ¬ Strengthens to the energy supply reliably safe. In addition to the direct supply of electric power and hydrocarbons can be passed over a Gasver ¬ supply network to the end users. The energy is thus generated where it is needed. The connection to energy pipelines is not required. Generated surplus energy is stored in the form of hydrocarbons . These hydrocarbons Kings ¬ nen turn be easily transported or stored.
Bezugs zeichenliste Anlage Reference sign list attachment
Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Strom Device for generating electricity
Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen Device for producing hydrocarbons
Speicher für Kohlendioxid Storage for carbon dioxide
Speicher für Kohlenwasserstoffe Storage tank for hydrocarbons
Leitung management
Leitung management
Leitung management
Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff Device for generating hydrogen
Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Strom Device for generating electricity
Biogasanlage biogas plant
Leitung management
Leitung management
Leitung management

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Anlage (1), aufweisend 1. Appendix (1), comprising
- eine Vorrichtung (2) zur Erzeugung von Strom durch - A device (2) for generating electricity
Verbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen, Combustion of hydrocarbons,
- eine Vorrichtung (3) zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Wasserstoff und Kohlendioxid  - A device (3) for the production of hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon dioxide
- einen Speicher (4) mit Kohlendioxid  - A memory (4) with carbon dioxide
- einen Speicher (5) mit Kohlenwasserstoffen ,  a storage (5) with hydrocarbons,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
die Vorrichtung (2) zur Erzeugung von Strom mit mindestens je einer Leitung (6, 7) mit dem Speicher (4) mit Kohlendioxid und dem Speicher (5) mit Kohlenwas- serstoffen in Verbindung steht, und  the device (2) for generating electricity with at least one line (6, 7) with the memory (4) with carbon dioxide and the memory (5) is associated with hydrocarbons, and
die Vorrichtung (3) zur Erzeugung von brennbaren Kohlenwasserstoffen mit mindestens einer Leitung (8) mit dem Speicher (5) mit Kohlenwasserstoffen in Verbindung steht.  the device (3) for generating flammable hydrocarbons with at least one line (8) with the memory (5) is in communication with hydrocarbons.
2. Anlage (1), gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einer der Speicher (4) oder (5) ein Untergrundspeicher ist. 2. Plant (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the memory (4) or (5) is a background storage.
3. Anlage (1), gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Speicher (4) und (5) jeweils Untergrundspeicher sind. 3. Plant (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the two memories (4) and (5) are each underground storage.
4. Anlage (1), gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die Untergrund¬ speicher jeweils unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt sind aus Porenspeichern, Aquifierspeichern, ausgeförderten Lagerstätten und Kavernenspeichern. 4. Plant (1) according to any one of claims 2 or 3, since ¬ characterized in that the or the background ¬ memory are each independently selected from pore stores, Aquirespeicher, discharged deposits and cavern storage.
Anlage (1), nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, ferner aufweisend eine Vorrichtung (9) zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff, die mit der Vorrichtung (3) zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen in Verbindung steht. Plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a device (9) for generating of hydrogen associated with the hydrocarbon generating device (3).
Anlage (1), gemäß Anspruch 5, ferner aufweisend eine Vorrichtung (10) zur Erzeugung von Strom, die mit der Vorrichtung (9) zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff in Verbindung steht. Plant (1) according to claim 5, further comprising a device (10) for generating electricity, which communicates with the device (9) for generating hydrogen.
Anlage (1), nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (10) zur Erzeugung von Strom den Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien wie Wind, Sonne, Wasser oder Erdwärme erzeugt. Plant (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the device (10) for generating electricity generates electricity from renewable energies such as wind, sun, water or geothermal heat.
Anlage (1), nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (2) zur Erzeugung von Strom ein Gas- und Dampfturbinenkraft- werk ist. Plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (2) for generating electricity is a gas and steam turbine power plant.
Anlage (1), nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anlage (1) ferner eine Biogasanlage (11) zur Erzeugung von flüchtigen Kohlenwasserstoffen wie z.B. Methan aus Biomasse aufweist, die mittels einer Leitung (12) mit dem Spei¬ cher (5) für Kohlenwasserstoffe in Verbindung steht. Plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant (1) further comprises a biogas plant (11) for generating volatile hydrocarbons such as methane from biomass, by means of a line (12) with the Spei ¬ cher (5) for hydrocarbons.
Anlage (1), nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Speicher (4) mit Kohlendioxid mittels einer Leitung (13) mit der Vor¬ richtung (3) zur Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen aus Wasserstoff und Kohlendioxid in Verbindung steht. Plant (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory (4) with carbon dioxide by means of a line (13) with the pre ¬ direction (3) for generating hydrocarbons from hydrogen and carbon dioxide in combination.
Verfahren, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Schrit¬ te A method, characterized by the following Schrit ¬ te
a) Erzeugung von Kohlenwasserstoffen wie z.B. Methan durch Reaktion von Kohlendioxid mit Wasserstoff, b) Verbrennung der in Schritt a) erzeugten Kohlenwas serstoffe unter Freisetzung von Kohlendioxid, c) Zurückführen des in Schritt b) erzeugten Kohlendi oxids zu Schritt a) und/oder Speichern des Kohlen dioxids in einem dafür vorgesehenen Speicher. a) production of hydrocarbons such as methane by reaction of carbon dioxide with hydrogen, b) combustion of the hydrocarbons produced in step a) with release of carbon dioxide, c) recycling of the carbon dioxide produced in step b) to step a) and / or storing the carbon dioxide in a dedicated storage.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man die in Schritt b) frei werdende Energie zur Erzeugung von Strom, vorzugsweise mittels eines Gas- und Dampfturbinenkraftwerks verwendet. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that one uses the energy released in step b) for generating electricity, preferably by means of a gas and steam turbine power plant.
Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man den Wasser Stoff in Schritt a) durch Elektrolyse von Wasser er¬ zeugt . Method according to one of the preceding claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it produces the water substance in step a) by electrolysis of water he ¬ .
Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man den Strom für die Elektrolyse durch erneuer bare Energien wie Wind, Sonne, Wasser oder Erdwärme erzeugt . A method according to claim 13, characterized in that one generates the electricity for the electrolysis by renewable energies such as wind, solar, water or geothermal heat.
EP13717510.5A 2012-04-19 2013-04-19 System and method for ecologically generating and storing electricity Withdrawn EP2838980A1 (en)

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