EP3074501A1

EP3074501A1 - Energy harvesting system for harvesting renewable energy, biomass collecting system, and components of said systems

Info

Publication number: EP3074501A1
Application number: EP14818897.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Peter Gallersdörfer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-11-28
Filing date: 2014-11-28
Publication date: 2016-10-05
Also published as: WO2015079047A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for harvesting energy and to an energy harvesting system for harvesting renewable energy, comprising cultivation areas for producing renewable biomass, at least one biogas system for producing biogas, at least one combined heat and power plant for generating heat and electric power, at least one drying system for drying sludge and/or fermentation residue of the biogas system and/or biomass into mixed briquettes, and at least one syngas system for producing syngas. Biomass from the cultivation areas is used in the biogas system in order to generate biogas and/or in the drying system in order to produce the mixed briquettes and/or in the syngas system in order to produce syngas, and the heat generated by the at least one combined heat and power plant is used for the drying system. The biogas of the biogas system and/or the syngas of the syngas system is used to operate the combined heat and power plant(s), and the mixed briquettes of the drying system are used in the syngas system in order to produce syngas.

Description

ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BIOMASS ASSEMBLY SYSTEM AND COMPONENTS

THESE SYSTEMS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method and a system for the production of renewable energy as well as a biomass collection system and components thereof.

PRIOR ART Supplying energy in a manner that protects resources and resources is an urgent problem for humanity, since population growth and increasing industrialization and an increase in living standards on the one hand constantly increase energy demand and on the other hand limit energy reserves such as fossil fuels and the like , For this reason, strong efforts have been made for some time now to obtain renewable energy, for example through hydropower, wind energy, solar energy and energy via renewable raw materials.

However, there are certain problems associated with the production of renewable energy, as, for example, wind energy or solar energy is not always available and above all at the times when it is needed. Moreover, these types of energy production, as well as hydropower, have an impact on the environment by having to build facilities that affect the landscape and are therefore poorly accepted.

For energy from renewable raw materials, ie energy from biomass, the problem is that the corresponding acreage for renewable

Raw materials actually needed for food production. In addition, there is a problem that, for example, biogas plants may produce odor emissions that are not tolerated in inhabited areas. However, it is correspondingly difficult to make sensible use of heat generated by biogas plants, since it is not or not available to the desired extent due to the odor emissions for heating residential buildings. In addition, the fermentation process of biogas plants can only be controlled or so that biogas must be continuously generated and consumed, so that there are problems with the provision of the required energy at the desired times or there is a need to consume the biogas even at times when actually little energy is needed. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a power generation system or method for recovering renewable energy that mitigates or avoids the problems outlined above and enables effective and efficient use of renewable energy. In particular to be solved by the inventive energy recovery system and the corresponding method for this purpose and their component storage problems for renewable energy and efficiency and efficiency problems and a coherent overall approach to secure energy supply can be provided. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

This object is achieved by an energy recovery system with the features of claim 1, a method for obtaining renewable energy with the features of claim 10, a Biomassesammeisystem with the features of claim 15, a heat accumulator having the features of claim 19 and a method with the Features of claim 20. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The energy production system of the present invention comprises cultivated areas for the production of renewable biomass, at least one biogas plant for producing biogas, at least one combined heat and power plant for generating heat and electric current, at least one drying plant for drying the sewage sludge and / or digestate of the biogas plant and / or biomass, in particular for the production of mixed briquettes thereof, and at least one synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas.

The areas used for planting and growing plants for biomass production are, above all, areas that are not available for food crops, such as the edges of roads or the like. The biomass from the cultivated areas can be used in the biogas plant and / or in the drying plant for the production of mixed briquettes and / or in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas. For the biogas plant especially green waste, such as clippings of mowing, green plants, leaves or clippings of shrubs and perennials or the like can be used. The biomass used in the biogas plant may include, in addition to the plants that grow on the margins or on contaminated land, such as grass, also biomass that grows on "normal" farmland, such as maize, cereals, rye, Beets, oilseed rape, elephant grass, etc., as well as organic waste, such as biological waste, such as leftovers, manure, liquid manure or grain sludge, but essentially, ie to a high percentage of more than 60%, preferably more than 80%. Cuttings from roadsides can be used to exploit these pollutant contaminated areas due to the use of clippings from road surges, such as those sucked in by suction fans, and therefore

Foreign substances, such as plastic waste, metal components and sand or soil may include the biomass can be cleaned prior to introduction into the biogas plant, in particular sieved and / or chopped so that at least only small foreign substances can get into the biogas plant. The biomass that can be used in the drying plant for producing mixed briquettes together with sewage sludge and digestate from the biogas plant can be formed in particular by wood or wood-like constituents, such as branches and the like, which can be processed into wood chips.

The same applies to the biomass that can be used in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas. Again, it may preferably be wood or woody components. This type of biomass is preferably harvested from roadsides by trees and bushes are cut down on the roadside and shredded into chips. By planting fast-growing woody plants, such as willows and poplars, on acreage at the edges of the road, it is possible to ensure adequate replenishment.

Biomass is thus understood to mean organic substances of a biogenic, non-fossil type for energy use, in particular according to the definition which the German see regulation on the production of electricity from biomass (biomass regulation - BiomasseV) from the year 2001 is given.

The heat generated in the energy recovery system from the combined heat and power plant is used for a drying plant in which sewage sludge and / or fermentation residues of the biogas plant and / or biomass are dried and processed into mixed briquettes. The constituents mentioned are either at least predried separately in the drying plant and then pressed into mixed briquettes or, depending on the composition and composition, first pressed into mixed briquettes and dried together so that they form a solid in which biomass fractions in the form of, in particular, wood or wood-like constituents in dried sewage sludge and / or digestate are involved. As required, the composition of the mixed briquettes may vary and the amount of separate pre-drying of the individual components and drying after forming the briquette may be adjusted by pressing. The mixed briquettes serve for energy storage, since the burning of e.g. dried sewage sludge yields less energy than is necessary for drying. However, since heat is generated in the energy recovery system when electricity is generated, for example, even in summer, the production of briquettes is used to automatically generate heat that can not otherwise be used. Since the mixed briquettes may be contaminated with pollutants due to the sewage sludge used and the use of biomass from contaminated crops, it may be advantageous to have unloaded ingredients, e.g. Add unencumbered biomass and / or digestate so that the pollutant concentration falls below possible limits.

The mixed briquettes that are produced in the drying plant can be used alone or together with biomass in the form of wood, such as wood chips, in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas. The synthesis gas from the synthesis gas plant and the biogas from the biogas plant can be used to operate at least one combined heat and power plant, which can generate heat and electricity, the heat can be used in turn for the drying plant. This provides a coherent and coordinated system in which the various components can be operated efficiently. In order to be able to use the synthesis gas and the biogas efficiently, it may also be advantageous to provide at least two combined heat and power plants, wherein one cogeneration plant can be assigned to the biogas plant and the biogas can burn, while the other cogeneration plant can be assigned to the synthesis gas plant and the other Synthesis gas can burn.

In addition, the energy recovery system may include at least one compressor for generating compressed air, which can be operated with electricity from one of the combined heat and power plants and / or excess energy from the general power grid, so that the electric power or the energy gained in the energy recovery system by means Compressed air can be stored. The compressed air can be used later, for example, to drive a compressed air motor use, for example, to generate electricity again via a generator.

In connection with the compressor (s) a compressed air cylinder filling station may be provided, in which the compressed air can be filled into compressed air cylinders in order to be stored thereby. The compressed air cylinders have the advantage that they are easy to transport, so that the stored energy can be used flexibly in different places. For example, the compressed air can also be used in a compressed air vehicle for driving an air motor. The aspect of using compressed air to store excess electrical energy and / or use that compressed air in simply replaceable compressed air cylinders to drive vehicles to achieve mobility is desired independently and in combination with other aspects of the present invention. The energy recovery system may also include a district heating network and / or heat storage in order to use the heat generated in the energy recovery system in addition to the drying plant. District heating network means any local distribution of heat. With a district heating network, the heat generated by the one or more combined heat and power plants from the biogas and the synthesis gas can also be used directly for heating purposes of apartments and the like. Preferably, the district heating network is fed by a combined heat and power plant, which processes synthesis gas, since this is due to the lower emissions of Synthe- segasanlage, eg in terms of odors, compared to biogas plants closer to residential areas can be built.

The energy recovery system, and in particular a district heating network provided therein, may include underground heat storage facilities for which protection is independently and separately sought by the energy recovery system. A corresponding heat storage comprises a container in the heat storage materials, such as stones, slag stones, basalt, gravel and the like and / or liquids, such as water, may be provided for heat storage. The heat accumulator may be formed as a heat exchanger, in particular as a double heat exchanger with separate heat exchangers for heating and the release of heat, in which a heat exchanger, for example, by a heat storage through the heat supply line, the heat is supplied to the memory, while in the other heat exchanger , For example, by a likewise guided through the heat storage heat dissipation, the heat is dissipated from the memory to the consumer.

The heat accumulator may in particular be formed with three shells, with an outer sheath, an inner sheath and an insulating layer arranged therebetween. The outer and / or the inner shell can also be formed liquid-tight, on the one hand to prevent leakage of heat storage fluid and on the other hand, penetration of groundwater. The heat accumulator can have a size of several 1000 m ³ , in particular 2500 m ³ .

The energy harvesting system may further comprise a biomass collection system which, in turn, seeks protection independently and in combination with the other aspects of the present invention. The Biomassesammeisystem includes a variety of silo containers, which are designed so that they can store biomass airtight. For this purpose, a silo container can have at least one opening, via which the silo container is filled with biomass and via which the silo container can emit the biomass again. A closure of such a silo container opening may be made airtight, so that the silo container as a whole is airtight sealable. This ensures that the biomass in the silo container after the consumption of the once contained in the silo container can no longer ferment or decompose, but kon is served until the biomass is used in the energy recovery system for energy production, for example by introduction into the biogas plant.

The biomass collection system has a multiplicity of silo containers, which can accordingly be kept available or made available there to be loaded on the acreage of the biomass. In addition, the silo containers with the stored biomass can be stored temporarily until there is a need for biomass. Emptied silo containers, which have delivered their biomass, for example, to the biogas plant, are then available for refilling. The silo containers can be easily transported, so that the biomass can be easily brought to where there is a need for biomass. In addition, with silocontainers there is the advantage that biomass can be collected in a larger environment around a biogas plant in a simple manner, so that the biogas plant can be designed in a certain order in which the biogas plant can be operated particularly efficiently.

The biomass collection system may further comprise a pressing device with which biomass can be pressed into a silo container in order to improve the ratio of stored biomass to the available atmospheric oxygen and also to increase the utilization rate of the silo container. The pressing device of a corresponding biomass collection system can be arranged on a vehicle in order to be movable and to be moved to corresponding collection points at which a plurality of silo containers can be loaded by means of the pressing device. A corresponding vehicle, such as a semitrailer, can be moved both with a towing vehicle and provided with its own drive, so that short distances between individual silo containers can be covered independently, while larger distances are covered by pulling the semitrailer through a tractor becomes.

The biomass collection system may accordingly include vehicles for transporting the silo containers, which are usually lorries that can transport conventional shipping containers, since the silo containers are designed to correspond in size and bearing points to those of standardized or internationally used containers. Additionally or alternatively The biomass collection system can use multi-purpose vehicles that can be used to harvest the biomass and can also serve as transport vehicles in addition to their function as mowing vehicles. In particular, when the energy recovery system uses acreage at roadsides, the multi-purpose vehicles can also be used as clearing or gritting vehicles in winter operation.

The vehicles of the Biomassesammeisystems can be variably used accordingly and it is possible to keep the vehicles in a rental park ready, so only when needed appropriate vehicles must be rented and the operating times of the vehicles are high, so that the profitability of the entire system is increased.

The energy recovery system may further comprise a control and / or regulating device, with which the individual components (such as acreage, biogas plants, Biomassesammeisysteme, silo containers, combined heat and power plants, drying plants, heat storage, district heating networks, synthesis gas plants, compressors, Druckluftflaschenabfüllanlagen) individually for themselves and / or in cooperation be monitored and controlled with each other, so that, for example, data on the type, the location, the amount, the harvest date, the date of loading in silo containers etc. of biomass or the utilization, the demand and / or the production capacity of the biogas plant collected and stored and can be evaluated to ensure efficient control.

In addition to the roadsides already mentioned as a growing area for renewable plants for the production of biomass and other ecologically questionable agricultural land can be used, which can not be available for use for the production of food, for example due to contamination. In addition, other agricultural land without special features can be used.

Fast-growing energy crops can be sown or planted on the acreage, ie a short-rotation plantation can be formed, which enables a high-yield biomass supply. Energy crops are understood here to mean those plants which promise a high energy gain during the utilization. The cultivated areas can be fertilized with fertilizers from the energy recovery system, for example, with fertilizer or fermentation residues from the biogas plant or with ash from the synthesis gas plant and the acreage can be subjected to additional measures to improve the water storage capacity of the soil, for example with water storage materials such as alginite (trademark of TNR GmbH Switzerland), so that the growth conditions for the plants are also good during dry periods.

The energy recovery system may be modular, with multiple modules can be linked together or locally next to each other can be realized. A module may in this case comprise one or more components from the group comprising cultivated areas, biogas plants, biomass collecting systems, silo containers, cogeneration plants, drying plants, heat accumulators, district heating networks, synthesis gas plants, compressors, compressed air bottling plants and control and / or regulating devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The accompanying drawings show in a purely schematic manner in FIG

1 shows an overview of the energy recovery system according to the invention,

2 is a sectional view through a heat accumulator, as used in the energy recovery system of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a perspective view of a Silocontainers, as it can be used in the energy recovery system of Figure 1,

4 shows a front view of the silo container from FIG. 3 with the lid open and in FIG

5 shows a side view of a vehicle with a pressing device, as it can be found in the biomass collection system of the energy recovery system of FIG.

EMBODIMENTS

Further advantages, characteristics and features of the present invention will become apparent in the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments. However, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. 1 shows an overview of the various components of the energy recovery system and the interaction of these components. The system comprises a plurality of cultivated areas 1 for plants, from which the biomass, which is used in the energy recovery system according to the invention, is at least partially recovered. The acreage 1 can be formed in particular by road edges that can not be used meaningfully for other purposes. In addition, other acreage, such as arable land or other land on which plants can grow, can be used. In particular, those surfaces are available that can not be used for the production of foods due to toxic load or the like. In particular, fast-growing high-energy plants can be planted on the cultivated areas 1, such as poplars, willows or other energy-rich plants such as oilseed rape, elephant grass or the like. The use of fast growing plants ensures that sufficient biomass is always available. When using plants that grow on roadsides previously unused areas can be used meaningfully. The cultivated areas 1 are harvested regularly, when the plants have reached an appropriate size. If the plants are grasses or other green plants, the biomass is essentially green matter, ie cut green plants, foliage and the like. The cultivated areas may, however, also include shrubs and trees which provide no or only partial green waste as biomass, but wood or woody constituents such as branches and the like. These can be chopped and collected separately, stored and transported.

The biomass and in particular the green material from the cultivated areas 1 can be filled after harvesting in silo containers 2, in which the biomass can be kept hermetically sealed. In particular, the silo container 2 can be designed such that the biomass, in particular the green material, is pressed into the silo container 2, so that highly compressed material is present in the silo container 2, which is hermetically sealed, so that the incipient fermentation or decomposition process after having used up the product Silocontainer 2 contained oxygen is interrupted. The silo containers 2 may also have a venting system with which the interior of the silo container 2 can be evacuated in order to be able to reduce the oxygen content in the silo container 2. The use of Silocontainern 2 has the advantage that they can be made available at various locations in any way and number, so that the crop of the acreage 1 can be stored directly in corresponding silo container 2. The silo containers 2 can then be temporarily stored either in the area of the acreage 1 or in special intermediate storage until the biomass therein is needed for further use.

If the biomass is required, the silo container 2 is conveyed to a biogas plant 3, where the silo container 2 is emptied and the biomass is filled into the biogas plant. If necessary, the biomass, especially if the proportion of foreign matter, such as grass cuttings on roadsides, is high, can be purified, e.g. be carried out by sieving and / or the material can be crushed in a shredder before it is introduced into the biogas plant 3. If the biomass contains clippings from mowing of roadsides, then this clippings are often mixed with sand, since the clippings can be collected, for example, by suction devices. In this case, it is advisable to additionally provide in the biogas plant a device for removing sand introduced, such as a Sandaustragsschnecke in the biogas plant, which can also remove other settled foreign substances, such as plastics or metals back from the biogas plant. In the biogas plant, biogas 27 is generated from the biomass, which is fed into a combined heat and power plant 4, so that power 9 and heat 8 can be generated in the combined heat and power plant 4 by combustion of the biogas. In addition to the biomass, the biogas plant 3 can additionally or alternatively supply other biomass from the other sources, such as biowaste from the household or from the gastrono- my, from the cultivated areas 1.

As waste materials from the biogas plant 3 Dünngülle 5 and digestate 6 can be removed, which can be separated by a separator at the sampling point from the biogas plant. The Dünngülle 5 can be applied as fertilizer back to the crop 1. The fermentation residues 6 can be supplied to a drying plant 7, in which they can be made into mixed briquettes 14 together with sewage sludge and biomass in the form of wood 13, which can be obtained directly from the cultivated areas 1. The wood 13 can be previously processed into wood chips and sewn be pre-dried. Depending on the state of the sewage sludge and / or the fermentation residues, these can also be pre-dried or pressed directly into the wood to form mixed briquettes. The drying plant comprises a corresponding pressing device. The pressed mixed briquettes 14 can be further dried after pressing as needed. The heat required by the drying plant 7 is provided by the combined heat and power plant 4. In the mixed briquettes 14 thus the heat is stored, which inevitably incurs by the cogeneration unit 4 biogas plant 3 in electricity production. The mixed briquettes 14 can be stored until heat demand is again in order to then be burned in the synthesis gas plant 1 6 to operate with the synthesis gas 17 again a cogeneration plant and to use its waste heat.

The heat generated by the combined heat and power plant 4 8 can be provided partially or alternatively also a district heating network 10 or a local heating network to meet heating tasks, such as the heating of living spaces. For this purpose, the district heating network 10 may have a plurality of heat storage 1 1, which are fed via the heat 8 of the cogeneration unit 4 and can deliver their heat to the consumer 12 when needed.

The mixed briquettes 14 produced in the drying plant 7 from sewage sludge, fermentation residues 6 and wood 13 in the form of wood chips or the like are fed to a synthesis gas plant 16, which can also be referred to as a wood gasifier. In the synthesis gas process or wood gasification process carried out in the synthesis gas plant 16, synthesis gas 17 is produced, which in turn is supplied to the cogeneration plant 4 and / or to a separate cogeneration plant 20 for the production of electricity 9, 19 or heat 8, 28. The heat 28 of the separate combined heat and power plant 20 can in turn be supplied to the district heating network 10 and in particular the heat accumulators 11 or used in the drying plant 7 (not shown).

In addition to the mixed briquettes 14, biomass components in the form of wood 15, which is harvested from the cultivated areas 1, can also be used directly in the synthesis gas plant 16. Accordingly, it is clear that the cultivated areas 1 can provide a green material available, for example in the form of grasses, shrubs, leaves and the like, which can be used in particular in the biogas plant, while still the acreage 1 biomass in shape may provide wood or woody components, which can be used to produce the mixed briquettes 14 in the drying plant 7 or in the synthesis gas plant 1 6 use.

The waste of the synthesis plant 16 in the form of ash 18 can in turn be used to fertilize the cultivated areas 1.

The stream 9, 19 from the cogeneration plant (s) 4, 20 can be made available to one or a plurality of compressors 21, which generate compressed air to fill compressed air cylinders 22 with compressed air in a compressed air filling system, which then serve as energy storage. The compressed air can be used, for example, for driving compressed air motors. The waste heat 23 of the compressors can be used for heating in the drying plant 7.

Overall, the energy recovery system illustrated in FIG. 1 thus provides that this system has a multiplicity of different, coordinated components which make it possible to generate energy from renewable raw materials in a skilful manner, the components being linked in a coordinated manner, to enable profitable use of renewable raw materials through high efficiency.

Although two combined heat and power plants 4, 20 are shown in FIG. 1, only one combined heat and power plant can be used in the system, which burns both the biogas of the biogas plant 3 and the synthesis gas 17 of the synthesis gas plant 1 6. Two separate combined heat and power plants 4, 20 are also advantageous because biogas plant 3 and synthesis gas plant 1 6 can then be easily arranged at separate locations, so that on the one hand odor nuisance can be avoided by the biogas plant in residential areas and on the other hand, the district heating over shorter distances to the consumers can get.

In addition, it should be noted that Fig. 1 illustrates the system with only a few components, but that such a system in reality may of course have a variety of components, such as multiple biogas plants, several combined heat and power plants, multiple drying plants and / or multiple syngas plants 1 6, which may be modularly summarized into small units, as shown in FIG. 1. In particular, it makes sense to refer to a certain size of the cultivated areas 1 a corresponding Mo- dul with a designed size of the biogas plant 3, the drying plant 7, the synthesis gas plant 1 6 and the cogeneration units 4, 20 provide.

In addition, it should be noted that the energy recovery system shown can be operated on the one hand as a largely closed system in which the material and energy flows shown, for example, with the exception of the externally sourced sewage sludge and to be discharged to the outside electrical power, largely within the system. However, the energy recovery system can also be operated as a largely open system in which both substances and amounts of energy can be supplied externally or discharged to the outside, such as the supply of additional biomass, the supply of additional digestate and the like and the release of heat and compressed air.

2 shows a heat storage 1 1, as it can be used in the heat network 10 of the energy recovery system of FIG. The heat storage 1 1 is provided here below the ground surface 50 and includes an outer shell 51, for example in the form of a concrete shell in which a second shell 52, for example, also made of concrete, is mounted, between outer shell 51 and inner shell 52 a Thermal insulation 53 of a suitable thermal insulation material, such as polystyrene, is provided. The inner sheath 52 and the outer sheath 51 are preferably made watertight, either by using a waterproof concrete or a corresponding waterproof foil, which is placed on the sheath, so that the insulating layer 53 can be kept dry.

Heat storage materials, for example in the form of slag stones, basalt, gravel and / or water, which can store heat, which is supplied via a supply line 55, can be stored in the heat store 11 or the inner container 53. Accordingly, the heat transport medium, which is guided in the heat supply line 55, such as water or frost-proof alcohol-based liquids or the like, in the heat supply 55 a higher temperature than at the discharge line 56. For removal of heat is in turn a line with a heat transport medium, such as a suitable liquid, provided, wherein the temperature of the heat transfer medium on Inlet 57 is less than at the outlet 58, which transports the heat to the consumers.

Fig. 3 shows a silo container 2, as it can be used for collecting biomass, in particular clippings during mowing, in a Biomassesammeisystem. The silo container 2 is formed from a cylindrical container 30 which has at least one lid 31 at one of its end faces, which can be opened or removed. To the cylindrical container 30, two frame parts 32 and 33 are provided in the region of the end faces, which serve for storage of the cylindrical container 30 and at the same time provide receiving points for receiving the Silocontainers 2 by a crane or the like and locking points for locking with other containers or carrier vehicles. The receiving points and locking points can be circumferentially provided on the frame on all sides. The frames 32 and 33 have dimensions that correspond to standardized transport containers, so that such silo containers can be transported on each container vehicle or on container trains or ships.

4 shows a front view of the silocontainer 2 with the circular cross-section of the container 30 and the opened lid 31. At the contact surface 34 of the container 30, a circumferential groove is formed, in which a seal 35 is inserted, wherein the seal 35 may be formed in particular as an inflatable, elastic hose. After filling the Silocontainers 2 with biomass can be ensured by closing the lid 31 through the seal 35 that the interior of the Silocontainer 2 is closed airtight, so that no access of oxygen to the biomass is possible. In the biomass collection system, a plurality of silocontainers 2 can be provided at the respective cultivating areas 1 or in nearby collecting points, where they can immediately pick up and hermetically confine the biomass obtained during the harvest or mowing or the like, so that the biomass without energy loss for the later use in biogas plants is available. The silo containers 2 can then by appropriate

If required, vehicles can be picked up from their storage areas and transported to the biogas plants 3 in order to remove there the biomass stored in the silo containers 2. FIG. 5 shows a pressing device 60 which serves to load the silo containers 2 with biomass. The pressing device 60 is mounted on a semi-trailer 61 which can be pulled by a tractor 62. However, the semitrailer 61 has support wheels 65, so that the semitrailer 61 can also be moved independently of the tractor 62. In particular, the semitrailer 61 has its own drive (not shown) in order to be able to travel short distances, for example for receiving silo containers 2 or exchanging silo containers 2, independently of the tractor unit 62.

On the semi-trailer 61, a crane 63 is arranged, with the aid of silo container 2 can be charged to the semi-trailer 62 and unloaded from this again.

To fill a silo container 2, an empty silo container 2 is loaded onto the semitrailer 60 so that the opening which can be closed with the lid 31 rests against the pressing device 60 in the opened state. The pressing device 60 has a biomass filling opening 66 in the form of a filling funnel, via which the biomass, for example, can also be filled with the crane 63. In addition, the pressing device 60 has a press ram 64, with which the filled biomass can be pressed into the silo container 2 and pressed there. After filling the silo container 2 with biomass, the silo container 2 is hermetically sealed and unloaded again by the crane 63 from the semi-trailer 61 to be temporarily stored until the biomass is filled into a biogas plant 3. In addition, the silo container 2 can be vented with a venting device.

By means of the biomass recovery system with the silo containers 2, which are preferably made of stainless steel, it is possible to harvest biomass at arbitrary locations, to store the biomass and to use the biomass, if required, at a remote biogas plant 3. In addition, the silo containers 2 can be provided at any location for the collection of biomass. It is also possible to include biomass in the silo containers 2, without compressing the biomass, but only fill the biomass and then complete airtight by means of the lid 31.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the energy harvesting system can furthermore have a preferably computer-based control and / or regulating device 25, which comprises a memory unit 26, for various information via the energy harvesting system and to be processed with the control and / or regulating device 25 in such a way that the individual components work together in an effective and efficient manner in order to achieve the best result for energy production. Thus, for example, in the store 26 of the control and / or regulating device 25 it can be stored which crops 1 were last harvested, what the state of growth of the crops is and when, for example, the next harvest can probably take place. In addition, data can be stored to the biogas plant 3, to the cogeneration units 4, 20, to the drying plant 7 and to the synthesis gas plant 1 6 and to the compressors 21, which may include, for example, the utilization or other operating data. For example, the biogas plant can record how much biomass can or must be added and how much biogas can be produced. On the basis of these data, the biogas plant and the other components of the energy recovery system can then be operated optimally depending on the requirements of, for example, the drying plant or the district heating network 10. In the same way, with the operating data and the consumption data, for example in the district heating network, during the power take-off or when the compressed air is taken off, the corresponding components can be operated together in a suitable and efficient manner. In particular, the power generation system of the present invention may be deployed such that power is output from the system only at times of high demand for power, while at times of low power demand, power is used in the system itself for example, to fill compressed air cylinders 22 with compressed air. In the same way, the heat generated in the energy recovery system can be used for the drying plant 7 when the demand for heat in the district heating network 10 is low.

Energy can also be stored in the system by the production of mixed briquettes 14 since the mixed briquettes 14 produced need only be processed in the synthesis gas plant 16 if there is a corresponding power and / or heat requirement.

Thus, the following aspects of the present invention result: HARVEST TECHNOLOGY With a verge mower with extraction arm and blower, which is arranged on a multi-function vehicle, road edges are preferably harvested. The vehicles can be used in winter in the change system in winter service. The harvesting speed of such mowers is infinitely between 0 and 15 km / h. In heavy vegetation and favorable traffic sign situation 50 cubic meters of biomass can be mowed in 2 hours, the fuel consumption can be 20 liters / h.

RENTAL PARK

The carrier vehicles are the property of a rental company. The vehicles are also leased to operators of conventional biogas plants for manure spreading and silage harvesting.

In winter, the vehicles are used for woodchip harvest and winter service. SILAGE IN THE CONTAINER

Stainless steel silo containers serve as a silo replacement and can be used flexibly in various locations. At composting sites, the crop can be immediately pressed into a silo container with a press attachment on a carrier vehicle.

The silo containers have removable lids and are provided with container points at the bottom and top for handling. The seal of the container opening is an inflatable tube. BIOMASS LOGISTICS

A truck with crane at the rear of the tractor transports 2 silo containers with a length of 6 m to the biogas plant. The biogas plant is designed so that it manages with a filling of a silo container per day. Empty silo containers are immediately returned to the outside composting areas. The locations of full and empty containers are recorded by computer.

BIOGAS PLANT

At the biogas plant, a carrier vehicle mills the material into a shredder. The fermentation substrate is separated and pressed with wood chips into briquettes or mixed briquettes. SYNTHESIS GAS PLANT The briquettes are burned in a synthesis gas plant. The resulting "wood gas" is converted into electricity and heat in a combined heat and power plant (CHP).

The briquettes also serve as energy storage. It is thus possible to increase the output of the synthesis gas plant by adding more carburetors in the winter with more heat demand.

ENERGY RECOVERY FROM THE "GREEN TONNE" (BIO-WASTE)

The material from the "green bin" essentially consists of kitchen waste, but unfortunately the waste is often disposed of together with plastic bags in the bin.

The processing in the biogas plant can be done directly together with the processing of the roadside green. It may be useful to use a separate dispenser for the material, so that an exact assembly of the system can take place. The material should also be made small in a shredder.

The separation of Dünngülle and plastic loaded goods takes place in the same separator. Dünngülle can be applied after pollutant analysis on the acreage or other fields.

ENERGY EFFORT FROM SLUDGE SLUDGE:

The sewage sludge is dried with heat from the synthesis gas plant or a corresponding combined heat and power plant. Subsequently, the material is pressed together with wood chips to briquettes or mixed briquettes. These briquettes are processed depending on the energy requirement in the synthesis gas plant.

The ash from the plant can be used together with the fertilizer at the roadside or in general acreage outside the guardrail as fertilizer.

FERTILIZER PRODUCTION The process produces two types of fertilizer:

- Dünngülle from the biogas plant

- Ash from the synthesis gas plant

Both types can be polluted. They should only be used after analysis in agriculture. Both can be diluted to the extent that they can be safely used by adding untreated raw materials. REVALUATION OF HARVESTING FERTILIZER SUBSTRATE

The cultivated areas for the plants, in particular the roadsides, are to be fertilized in order to increase a high growth rate of the plants. The application of Dünmänülle with or without ash closes this cycle. In the future, sustainable roadside energy can be harvested.

PLANTING OF ENERGY PLANTS

There is the possibility of planting low-growing energy crops and grasses on the cultivated land and especially on the roadside. IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY TRANSITIONS BY STORABLE ENERGY

An expansion of wind and solar energy only makes sense if at the same time storable energy from biomass is further expanded.

REDUCING THE COSTS OF NETWORK EXPANSION BY "LOCAL ENERGY" The energy generated by the energy recovery system does not need to be pumped through energy highways.

BIOGAS PLANT

As already described, for processing from the biomass deposits, e.g. Accompanying green and "green bin" a biogas plant needed.

A fermenter with a horizontal agitator is equipped as a main fermenter with sand discharge screws. The fermenter is fed from two biomass feeders with a downstream shredder. The biomass dosers can be gas-tight with a high volume. One of the dispensers is fitted with roadside green, the other with the "green bin." The main fermenter is followed by a gas-tight repository, and a further digestate tank is needed as the manure is separated and the manure is stored separately from other digestate.

DRYING PLANT

The separated fermentation residues are dried with the waste heat of the biogas-powered BHWK in a large-scale drying plant. In the same plant or Sewage sludge is dried in a second dryer. Furthermore, a warehouse for wood chips, in which the material is stored by trees from the roadside and tree backs of cities and communities, is provided. In a separate hall, a heating briquette is produced in a fully automatic system. This briquette consists of the components woodchips plus biomass and plus sewage sludge. Random laboratory tests should monitor a consistent burning quality of the briquettes.

REMOTE HEATING TECHNOLOGY IN THE SEAT OF SYNTHESEGAS

The wood gasifier with bunker for heating briquettes and storage tank for hot water can be integrated directly into a house or industrial building. The bunker is equipped with a conveyor system for transporting the briquettes from the logistics truck. The high-temperature reactor is fed by the intermediate bunker. The resulting wood gas is cleaned in the scrubber and cooled down to a temperature of about 60 degrees. The washing substrate located in the scrubber is permanently cooled by means of a heat exchanger. In the heat exchanger, water is heated for the heating circuit of the connected local or district heating network. The resulting wood gas is converted into electricity and further heat in a directly coupled CHP.

CONTROL OF THE HEATING SYSTEM The heating module is operated by flow or heat. Depending on the weather, it is determined how much heat is required for the local or district heating network. This heat is generated by the wood gasifier and CHP. A sufficiently large heat storage is able to temporarily store the required heat one day. OPERATION OF BLOCKHEIZKRAFTWERKS (CHP)

The CHP is operated at the peak current times.

In addition, the heat is sold to the connected objects in the district heating network. The gasifier location can also be coupled to an energy storage.

ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE The electrical energy is stored by means of a high-pressure compressor with connected compressed-air cylinder batteries. The high-pressure compressor generates heat as a by-product, which is stored in the heat accumulator of the district heating network becomes. The compressed air cylinders can be used as fuel for compressed air passenger cars.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but rather modifications are possible in the manner that individual components may be omitted or other combinations of the features presented are possible as long as the scope of the appended claims is not abandoned. In particular, the disclosure of the present invention includes all combinations of the individual features presented, even if they are not explicitly mentioned.

Claims

1 . Energy recovery system for the production of renewable energy with

Acreage for the production of renewable biomass,

at least one biogas plant for the production of biogas,

at least one combined heat and power plant generating heat and electricity,

at least one drying plant for drying sewage sludge and / or digestate of the biogas plant and / or biomass to mixed briquettes and with at least one synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas, wherein biomass from the acreage in the biogas plant for the production of biogas and / or in the drying plant for the production of Mixed briquettes and / or used in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas, and

wherein the heat generated by the at least one combined heat and power plant is used for the drying plant, and

wherein the biogas of the biogas plant and / or the synthesis gas of the synthesis gas plant is used to operate the cogeneration plant or units, and wherein the mixed briquettes of the drying plant are used in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas.

2. Energy recovery system according to claim 1,

characterized in that

at least two cogeneration plants are provided, wherein at least one cogeneration plant is associated with the biogas plant and at least one block heat and power plant is associated with the synthesis gas plant.

3. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the energy recovery system comprises at least one compressor for generating compressed air, which is operated with electric power from one of the combined heat and power plants and / or a power supply network.

4. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the energy recovery system further comprises a compressed air bottle filling station, is filled in the compressed air in mobile compressed air bottles.

5. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the energy recovery system comprises a district heating network and / or heat storage.

6. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the energy recovery system comprises a biomass collection system.

7. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the energy recovery system comprises a control and / or regulating device for controlling and / or regulating the energy recovery system and / or a biomass collection system.

8. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

As cultivated areas road edges and / or ecologically questionable agricultural areas are used.

9. Energy recovery system according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the energy recovery system is modular.

10. A process for the production of renewable energy, in particular with a system according to one of claims 1 to 9,

wherein biomass is used in a biogas plant for producing biogas and / or in a drying plant for producing mixed briquettes and / or in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas, wherein the biogas and / or the synthesis gas for generating electric power and heat means a cogeneration plant are used and wherein the heat generated is used for the operation of a drying plant, dried in the sewage sludge and / or digestate of the biogas plant and / or biomass and pressed into mixed briquettes, which are used in the synthesis gas plant for the production of synthesis gas.

1 1. Method according to claim 10,

characterized in that

the biomass comprises green waste and / or biowaste and / or wood, green waste and / or biowaste being supplied to the biogas plant and / or wood of the drying plant and / or the synthesis gas plant.

12. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 1 1,

characterized in that

As arable land, mainly or for the most part roadsides and / or contaminated agricultural areas are used and / or that the cultivation areas are fertilized by waste from the biogas plant and / or the syngas plant.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,

characterized in that

Sown or planted fast-growing energy crops on the acreage.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,

characterized in that

the energy is stored with dried biomass, in particular wood and / or dried sewage sludge and / or dried digestate and / or mixed briquettes and / or compressed air.

15. Biomassesammeisystem, in particular for use in the energy recovery system according to one of claims 1 to 9 or in the method according to any one of claims 10 to 14,

with a plurality of silo containers, each of which is constructed so as to have at least one opening through which the silo container can be loaded and unloaded with biomass and which is airtight, so that the silo container can be hermetically sealed off.

1 6. Biomassesammeisystem according to claim 15,

characterized in that

the biomass collection system comprises at least one pressing device with which biomass can be pressed into a silo container, and / or has a venting device with which the silo container can be vented.

17. Biomassesammeisystem according to claim 15 or 1 6,

characterized in that

the pressing device is arranged on a vehicle.

18. Biomassesammeisystem according to any one of claims 15 to 17,

characterized in that

the biomass collection system comprises vehicles for transporting the silo containers and / or multi-function vehicles for harvesting biomass and / or vehicles for transporting the pressing device.

19. Heat storage, in particular for use in the energy recovery system according to one of claims 1 to 9, with a three-shell shell from a

Inner container, an outer container and an intermediate insulating layer, which are contained inside memory stones and water.

20. A method for storing and / or using excess energy, in particular in connection with an energy recovery system according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the available energy is driven at least one compressor that generates compressed air, and / or wherein the compressed air in mobile bottles, which are used mobile and interchangeable.