EP2837735B1 - A method for detecting an at least partial blockage of a process air channel in a dryer and a dryer - Google Patents

A method for detecting an at least partial blockage of a process air channel in a dryer and a dryer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2837735B1
EP2837735B1 EP14180781.8A EP14180781A EP2837735B1 EP 2837735 B1 EP2837735 B1 EP 2837735B1 EP 14180781 A EP14180781 A EP 14180781A EP 2837735 B1 EP2837735 B1 EP 2837735B1
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Prior art keywords
process air
motor
power
fan
dryer
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EP14180781.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2837735A1 (en
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Alexander Neufeld
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Miele und Cie KG
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Miele und Cie KG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/32—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/34—Control of operations performed in domestic laundry dryers  characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • D06F58/50—Responding to irregular working conditions, e.g. malfunctioning of blowers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/28—Air properties
    • D06F2103/32—Temperature
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/28—Air properties
    • D06F2103/34—Humidity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/28—Air properties
    • D06F2103/36—Flow or velocity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/44—Current or voltage
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/54—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers related to blowers or fans
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/16—Air properties
    • D06F2105/24—Flow or velocity
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/30—Blowers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/46—Drum speed; Actuation of motors, e.g. starting or interrupting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/58—Indications or alarms to the control system or to the user
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/02—Domestic laundry dryers having dryer drums rotating about a horizontal axis
    • D06F58/04—Details 
    • D06F58/08—Driving arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting an at least partial blockage of a process air duct in a dryer in which process air is supplied and / or discharged to and / or out of a drum rotatably mounted as a drying chamber by means of a process air blower through the process air duct and in which a motor for Drive of the process air blower by a control device at least on and off, and / or is influenced in terms of its speed, wherein an evaluation circuit detects the power absorbed or output by the engine and recognizes due to a drop in performance at least partially obstruction of the process air duct.
  • filters or screens are used in the process air duct to separate lint from the process air.
  • filters or screens are usually arranged easily accessible to the user and must be cleaned regularly. If there is no cleaning, the drying effect deteriorates. This prolongs the program runtime and can lead to overheating due to heat buildup and damage to the unit or dryer. Also at other locations of the process air duct, for example in the area of heat exchangers, blockages and thereby reduced air flow can occur at least partially.
  • the speed of the process air blower is evaluated to detect a malfunction. Again, additional sensors are needed.
  • a temperature monitoring of the process air flow is known, see for example DE 44 09 531 C1 , This is the common method in modern dryers for detecting a blockage in the process air duct. The evaluation of the temperatures usually takes place at a very late point in the current program, so that the user can only be asked to "filter cleaning" at the end of the program.
  • the DE 10 2009 002 610 A1 discloses a method for detecting a condition in a process air stream based on a measured current supplied to the engine for the process air blower.
  • the KR 10 2003 0 009 961 A discloses a method for detecting a condition in a process airflow based on the measured speed at which the engine for the process air blower is driving.
  • the EP 2 436 831 A1 discloses a clothes dryer with a process air filter having a motorized scraper to remove lint.
  • the invention thus raises the problem in a dryer of the type mentioned as early as possible and by simple means an at least partial obstruction of the process air duct, in particular to indicate a due cleaning of the screens. According to the invention, this problem is solved by a method having the features of patent claim 1, or by a dryer having the features of patent claim 8. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention will become apparent from the following subclaims.
  • the achievable with the invention advantages are that an air throttling can be detected shortly after the program start due to a blockage of the process air duct already. The user may therefore be advised of the need to clean the screens in a phase in which he is usually still on the device.
  • the sensing is independent of the amount of laundry and other parameters that play a role in the temperature evaluation.
  • an evaluation circuit determines the power consumed by the engine or delivered and detects an at least partial obstruction of the process air duct due to a power loss. It is expedient if the evaluation circuit detects the blockage of the process air duct when the power loss exceeds a predetermined limit. Such a limit can be set as an absolute limit or as a percentage drop in performance. In the second variant, the power in an unclogged process air duct must then be known and predetermined.
  • the limit value is predefined as a function of the temperature of the process air. This takes into account that the process air temperature significantly changes the air density and thus also the air resistance. The colder the temperature of the process air, the higher the air density. And the higher the air density, the higher the blower power absorbed or delivered.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment can be used when using a curved blade fan.
  • a fan has in a preferred direction of rotation a very high efficiency, if you turn it against the preferred direction of rotation, the efficiency is very low and thus the recorded and delivered power negligible. Then can be easily determined from the difference of the total power between the rotation of the motor in and against the preferred direction of rotation of the blower of attributable to the drive of the process air blower proportion of the total power. To save further conversions and measurements, it is advantageous if the motor is operated in both directions at the same speed.
  • FIG. 1 shows the operation of a dryer using the example of a condensation clothes dryer 1 as a block diagram with the components essential for the invention.
  • the dryer 1 has a drying chamber as a rotatably mounted drum 2, which serves to receive laundry to be dried 3 and is driven by a motor 4 by means of a belt drive 5.
  • the drum 2 and the laundry 3 therein are flowed through by heated process air 6, which is then removed from the drum 2 and dehumidified.
  • the process air circulates 6 in a closed circuit within a process air duct 7.
  • the circulation is generated by a process air blower 8, which can also be rotated by the illustrated drum drive motor 4.
  • the process air 6 is guided after leaving the drum 2 via a first heat exchanger 9.
  • the process air duct 7 directs the Air over a heater 10, where the dry, cooled process air 6 is reheated and so better absorb moisture from the laundry 3.
  • a sieve 11 is arranged, can be filtered out with the impurities such as lint from the process air 6.
  • the screen 7 is arranged here in the flow direction behind the drum 3. It goes without saying that further sieves 11 can be arranged at arbitrary locations of the process air channel 7.
  • the dryer has an electronic control device 12, with the various devices and consumers program and state-dependent controlled or regulated.
  • the control device regulates the voltage and the frequency of the three-phase motor 4 via a frequency converter 13.
  • an evaluation circuit 14 is integrated, which determines the power absorbed by the motor 4.
  • the circuit 14 receives from the control device 12 data about the phase voltages, which are specified as manipulated variables, and measured values about the phase currents formed in the stator windings. By way of this, the evaluation circuit 14 can calculate the total power consumed from the power grid.
  • the evaluation circuit receives information about the process air temperature via a temperature sensor 15 arranged in the process air duct 7.
  • the evaluation circuit 14 is able to recognize from the aforementioned data from a power loss an at least partial blockage of the process air channel 7.
  • the controller 12 then actuates a warning indicator 16 to alert the user to the obstruction and a required cleanup.
  • the evaluation circuit detects an at least partial blockage of the process air channel.
  • the first variant can be used in particular in a dryer with a process air blower, the fan blades are curved and thus have improved efficiency in a preferred direction of rotation.
  • blowers are used by default in household tumble driers.
  • FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the blower power of a blower on the speed. The power increases cubically with the speed. Now, if the air resistance is increased in a fan, the load curve is flatter.
  • FIG. 3 shows a family of curves for a dryer, in which the process air duct for the curve 1 is free, and starting at curve 2 to curve 5 is increasingly clogged.
  • the speed of the fan is set and controlled by the controller via the frequency converter, it can therefore be assumed to be constant.
  • the power of the motor which drives the fan is known as described above, since the input voltage in the phases and the winding currents are known.
  • the engine drives not only the blower, but also the drum.
  • the engine is initially operated in the preferred direction of rotation of the fan and determines the output engine power, ie the total power absorbed by the engine minus the engine losses. Subsequently, the motor is rotated at the same speed against the preferred direction of the blower. Again, the output engine power is determined. The performance of the drum is independent of the direction of rotation. With the blower, the output power is negligible when turning against the preferred direction of rotation. In this respect, the power delivered by the blower in the preferred direction of rotation corresponds to the power difference between the engine power delivered in the preferred direction of rotation and the engine power output in the preferred direction of rotation, see FIG.
  • the evaluation circuit now compares the calculated fan power or the power loss with a predetermined limit and detects an inadmissible blockage when the power loss exceeds a predetermined limit or when the fan power falls below a predetermined threshold. In a preferred embodiment of this method, it still takes into account the process air temperature present at the time the power is determined. For this purpose, a table with temperature-dependent limit values is stored, from which the evaluation circuit compares the power loss or the fan power with the limit value applicable for the measured temperature.
  • the second variant can be used in a fan, which outputs the same power in both directions, but also in a program section in which a reversal of the direction of rotation of the fan or the drum is not desirable.
  • the motor is first rotated at a first speed, for example 60 min -1 .
  • the emitted engine power is determined, see FIG. 5 .
  • the engine is operated at a second speed, for example 90 min -1 . Again, the engine power is determined.
  • the following principles apply: When the speed increases, the drum output rises approximately linearly, ie by 50% (effects of the wash below and above the application speed can be neglected).
  • the fan power increases cubically, ie by 237.5%.
  • the proportion of power increase in the fan about 80% of the determined power difference. These Estimate is sufficient for an assessment of a blockage of the process air duct. The value of the power increase at the blower is then compared with a predetermined minimum value. If this is not achieved, it is concluded that there is a blockage of the process air duct. As with the first variant, the process air temperature can be taken into account.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erkennen einer wenigstens teilweisen Verstopfung eines Prozessluftkanals in einem Trockner, bei dem zu und/oder aus einer als Trocknungskammer drehbar gelagerten Trommel mittels eines Prozessluftgebläses durch den Prozessluftkanal Prozessluft zu- und/oder abgeleitet wird und bei dem ein Motor zum Antrieb des Prozessluftgebläses durch eine Steuereinrichtung mindestens ein- und ausgeschaltet, und/oder hinsichtlich seiner Drehzahl beeinflusst wird, wobei eine Auswerteschaltung die vom Motor aufgenommene oder abgegebene Leistung ermittelt und aufgrund eines Leistungsabfalls eine wenigstens teilweise Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals erkennt.The invention relates to a method for detecting an at least partial blockage of a process air duct in a dryer in which process air is supplied and / or discharged to and / or out of a drum rotatably mounted as a drying chamber by means of a process air blower through the process air duct and in which a motor for Drive of the process air blower by a control device at least on and off, and / or is influenced in terms of its speed, wherein an evaluation circuit detects the power absorbed or output by the engine and recognizes due to a drop in performance at least partially obstruction of the process air duct.

Bei Trocknern, insbesondere bei Kondensationstrocknern, werden im Prozessluftkanal Filter oder Siebe eingesetzt, mit denen Flusen aus der Prozessluft abgeschieden werden. Solche Filter oder Siebe sind meistens für den Benutzer einfach zugänglich angeordnet und müssen regelmäßig gereinigt werden. Unterbleibt eine Reinigung, verschlechtert sich die Trocknungswirkung. Dadurch verlängert sich die Programmlaufzeit und es kann aufgrund eines Wärmestaus zu Überhitzungen und dadurch zu einer Beschädigung des Geräts oder des Trocknungsguts kommen. Auch an anderen Stellen des Prozessluftkanals, beispielsweise im Bereich von Wärmetauschern, können wenigstens teilweise Verstopfungen und ein dadurch verringerter Luftdurchsatz auftreten.In dryers, especially in condensation dryers, filters or screens are used in the process air duct to separate lint from the process air. Such filters or screens are usually arranged easily accessible to the user and must be cleaned regularly. If there is no cleaning, the drying effect deteriorates. This prolongs the program runtime and can lead to overheating due to heat buildup and damage to the unit or dryer. Also at other locations of the process air duct, for example in the area of heat exchangers, blockages and thereby reduced air flow can occur at least partially.

Es ist bei Trocknern allgemein bekannt, Verstopfungen im Prozessluftkreislauf zu sensieren und darauf zu reagieren. Eine Methode ist die Differenzdruckmessung vor und hinter gefährdeten Bereichen in der Prozessluftführung, siehe beispielsweise DE-OS 2 135 932 . Hierzu werden Drucksensoren benötigt, welche die Herstellung des Trockners verteuert.It is generally known in dryers to sense and react to blockages in the process air circulation. One method is the differential pressure measurement in front of and behind hazardous areas in the process air duct, see for example DE-OS 2,135,932 , For this purpose, pressure sensors are needed, which makes the production of the dryer more expensive.

Bei einer anderen Methode ( DE 40 34 273 A1 ) wird die Drehzahl des Prozessluftgebläses zur Erkennung einer Betriebsstörung ausgewertet. Auch hierzu werden zusätzliche Sensoren benötigt. Auch eine Temperaturüberwachung des Prozessluftstroms ist bekannt, siehe beispielsweise DE 44 09 531 C1 . Dies ist in modernen Trocknern die gängige Methode zur Erkennung einer Verstopfung im Prozessluftkanal. Dabei erfolgt die Auswertung der Temperaturen in der Regel erst zu einem sehr späten Zeitpunkt im laufenden Programm, so dass der Benutzer erst am Programmende zum "Filterreinigen" aufgefordert werden kann. Die DE 10 2009 002 610 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Erfassen eines Zustandes in einem Prozessluftstrom anhand eines gemessenen Stromes, der dem Motor für das Prozessluftgebläse zugeführt wird.In another method ( DE 40 34 273 A1 ), the speed of the process air blower is evaluated to detect a malfunction. Again, additional sensors are needed. A temperature monitoring of the process air flow is known, see for example DE 44 09 531 C1 , This is the common method in modern dryers for detecting a blockage in the process air duct. The evaluation of the temperatures usually takes place at a very late point in the current program, so that the user can only be asked to "filter cleaning" at the end of the program. The DE 10 2009 002 610 A1 discloses a method for detecting a condition in a process air stream based on a measured current supplied to the engine for the process air blower.

Die KR 10 2003 0 009 961 A offenbart ein Verfahren zum Erfassen eines Zustandes in einem Prozessluftstrom anhand der gemessenen Drehzahl, mit welcher der Motor für das Prozessluftgebläse antreibt.The KR 10 2003 0 009 961 A discloses a method for detecting a condition in a process airflow based on the measured speed at which the engine for the process air blower is driving.

Die EP 2 436 831 A1 offenbart einen Wäschetrockner mit einem Prozessluftfilter, der einen motorgetriebenen Abstreifer zur Ablösung von Flusen aufweist.The EP 2 436 831 A1 discloses a clothes dryer with a process air filter having a motorized scraper to remove lint.

Der Erfindung stellt sich somit das Problem, bei einem Trockner der eingangs genannten Art möglichst früh und mit einfachen Mitteln eine wenigstens teilweise Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals, insbesondere eine fällige Reinigung der Siebe anzuzeigen. Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Problem durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1, bzw. durch einen Trockner mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 8 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den nachfolgenden Unteransprüchen.The invention thus raises the problem in a dryer of the type mentioned as early as possible and by simple means an at least partial obstruction of the process air duct, in particular to indicate a due cleaning of the screens. According to the invention, this problem is solved by a method having the features of patent claim 1, or by a dryer having the features of patent claim 8. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention will become apparent from the following subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung erreichbaren Vorteile bestehen darin, dass eine Luftdrosselung infolge einer Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals bereits kurz nach dem Programmstart erkannt werden kann. Der Benutzer kann deshalb in einer Phase, in der er sich in der Regel noch am Gerät befindet, auf die Notwendigkeit einer Reinigung der Siebe hingewiesen werden. Außerdem ist die Sensierung unabhängig von Wäschemengen und anderen Parametern, die bei der Temperaturauswertung eine Rolle spielen.The achievable with the invention advantages are that an air throttling can be detected shortly after the program start due to a blockage of the process air duct already. The user may therefore be advised of the need to clean the screens in a phase in which he is usually still on the device. In addition, the sensing is independent of the amount of laundry and other parameters that play a role in the temperature evaluation.

Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Vorteile dadurch erreicht, dass eine Auswerteschaltung die vom Motor aufgenommene oder abgegebene Leistung ermittelt und aufgrund eines Leistungsabfalls eine wenigstens teilweise Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals erkennt. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Auswerteschaltung die Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals erkennt, wenn der Leistungsabfall einen vorgegebenen Grenzwert übersteigt. Ein solcher Grenzwert kann als absoluter Grenzwert gesetzt werden oder als prozentualer Leistungsabfall. Bei der zweiten Variante muss dann die Leistung bei einem unverstopften Prozessluftkanal bekannt und vorgegeben sein.According to the invention, these advantages are achieved in that an evaluation circuit determines the power consumed by the engine or delivered and detects an at least partial obstruction of the process air duct due to a power loss. It is expedient if the evaluation circuit detects the blockage of the process air duct when the power loss exceeds a predetermined limit. Such a limit can be set as an absolute limit or as a percentage drop in performance. In the second variant, the power in an unclogged process air duct must then be known and predetermined.

Es ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn der Grenzwert in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur der Prozessluft vorgegeben wird. Hierdurch wird berücksichtigt, dass die Prozesslufttemperatur markant die Luftdichte und damit auch den Luftwiderstand verändert. Je kälter die Temperatur der Prozessluft ist, desto höher ist die Luftdichte. Und je höher die Luftdichte, desto höher ist die aufgenommene oder abgegebene Gebläseleistung.It is particularly advantageous if the limit value is predefined as a function of the temperature of the process air. This takes into account that the process air temperature significantly changes the air density and thus also the air resistance. The colder the temperature of the process air, the higher the air density. And the higher the air density, the higher the blower power absorbed or delivered.

Bei Wäschetrocknern ist es üblich, dass das Prozessluftgebläse mit und die Wäschetrommel gemeinsam von nur einem Motor unter Einsatz geeigneter Getriebe angetrieben werden. Um den Leistungsanteil, der zur Drehung der Wäschetrommel notwendig ist, bei der Ermittlung der Gebläseleistung zu kompensieren, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn zur Ermittlung des auf den Antrieb des Prozessluftgebläses entfallenden Leistungsanteils die Drehzahl oder die Drehrichtung des Motors geändert wird.In tumble dryers, it is common that the process air blower with and the laundry drum are driven together by only one motor using suitable gear. To determine the amount of power needed to turn the laundry drum when determining To compensate the fan power, it is advantageous if the rotational speed or the direction of rotation of the motor is changed to determine the attributable to the drive of the process air blower power component.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform kann angewendet werden, wenn ein Gebläse mit gekrümmten Schaufeln verwendet wird. Ein solches Gebläse besitzt in einer Vorzugsdrehrichtung einen sehr hohen Wirkungsgrad, wenn man es gegen die Vorzugsdrehrichtung dreht, ist der Wirkungsgrad sehr gering und damit die aufgenommene und abgegebene Leistung vernachlässigbar. Dann kann sehr einfach aus der Differenz der Gesamtleistung zwischen der Drehung des Motors in und gegen die Vorzugsdrehrichtung des Gebläses der auf den Antrieb des Prozessluftgebläses entfallende Anteil der Gesamtleistung ermittelt werden. Um weitere Umrechnungen und Messungen zu ersparen, ist es dabei vorteilhaft, wenn der Motor in beiden Drehrichtungen mit der gleichen Drehzahl betrieben wird.A particularly advantageous embodiment can be used when using a curved blade fan. Such a fan has in a preferred direction of rotation a very high efficiency, if you turn it against the preferred direction of rotation, the efficiency is very low and thus the recorded and delivered power negligible. Then can be easily determined from the difference of the total power between the rotation of the motor in and against the preferred direction of rotation of the blower of attributable to the drive of the process air blower proportion of the total power. To save further conversions and measurements, it is advantageous if the motor is operated in both directions at the same speed.

Es ist auch möglich, die Drehzahl des Motors zu ändern und aus der Differenz der Gesamtleistung vor und nach der Drehzahländerung den auf den Antrieb des Prozessluftgebläses entfallenden Anteil der Gesamtleistung zu ermitteln. Dabei kann man sich den Umstand zunutze machen, dass eine Drehzahländerung sich unterschiedlich auf die Gebläseleistung und auf die Leistung zum Antrieb der Trommel auswirkt. So geht die Drehzahländerung linear in die Trommelleistung ein und kubisch in die Gebläseleistung.It is also possible to change the speed of the motor and to determine from the difference of the total power before and after the speed change the proportion of the total power attributable to the drive of the process air blower. One can take advantage of the fact that a change in speed has a different effect on the fan performance and on the power to drive the drum. Thus, the speed change is linear in the drum performance and cubic in the blower power.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen rein schematisch dargestellt und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Es zeigt

Figur 1
ein Kondensationswäschetrockner als Blockschaltbild
Figuren 2 bis 5
verschiedene Diagramme
An embodiment of the invention is shown purely schematically in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. It shows
FIG. 1
a condensation clothes dryer as a block diagram
FIGS. 2 to 5
different diagrams

Figur 1 zeigt die Funktionsweise eines Trockners am Beispiel eines Kondensationswäschetrockners 1 als Blockschaltbild mit den für die Erfindung wesentlichen Bauteilen. Der Trockner 1 besitzt als Trocknungskammer eine drehbar gelagerte Trommel 2, die zur Aufnahme von zu trocknender Wäsche 3 dient und von einem Motor 4 mittels eines Riementriebs 5 angetrieben wird. Die Trommel 2 und die darin befindliche Wäsche 3 werden von erwärmter Prozessluft 6 durchströmt, die anschließend aus der Trommel 2 abgeführt und entfeuchtet wird. Dabei zirkuliert die Prozessluft 6 in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf innerhalb eines Prozessluftkanals 7. Die Zirkulation wird durch ein Prozessluftgebläse 8 erzeugt, welches ebenfalls durch den dargestellten Trommelantriebsmotor 4 gedreht werden kann. Die Prozessluft 6 wird nach dem Verlassen der Trommel 2 über einen ersten Wärmetauscher 9 geführt. Dort wird die feuchte warme Luft abgekühlt, was ein Kondensieren und damit ein Entfeuchten des Prozessluftstroms bewirkt. Anschließend leitet der Prozessluftkanal 7 die Luft über eine Heizung 10, wo wird die trockene, abgekühlte Prozessluft 6 wieder erwärmt wird und so besser Feuchtigkeit aus der Wäsche 3 aufnehmen kann. In dem Prozessluftkanal 7 ist ein Sieb 11 angeordnet, mit dem Verunreinigungen wie Flusen aus der Prozessluft 6 ausgefiltert werden können. Das Sieb 7 ist hier in Strömungsrichtung hinter der Trommel 3 angeordnet. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass weitere Siebe 11 an beliebigen Stellen des Prozessluftkanals 7 angeordnet sein können. FIG. 1 shows the operation of a dryer using the example of a condensation clothes dryer 1 as a block diagram with the components essential for the invention. The dryer 1 has a drying chamber as a rotatably mounted drum 2, which serves to receive laundry to be dried 3 and is driven by a motor 4 by means of a belt drive 5. The drum 2 and the laundry 3 therein are flowed through by heated process air 6, which is then removed from the drum 2 and dehumidified. The process air circulates 6 in a closed circuit within a process air duct 7. The circulation is generated by a process air blower 8, which can also be rotated by the illustrated drum drive motor 4. The process air 6 is guided after leaving the drum 2 via a first heat exchanger 9. There, the moist warm air is cooled, which causes condensation and thus dehumidification of the process air flow. Subsequently, the process air duct 7 directs the Air over a heater 10, where the dry, cooled process air 6 is reheated and so better absorb moisture from the laundry 3. In the process air duct 7, a sieve 11 is arranged, can be filtered out with the impurities such as lint from the process air 6. The screen 7 is arranged here in the flow direction behind the drum 3. It goes without saying that further sieves 11 can be arranged at arbitrary locations of the process air channel 7.

Der Trockner besitzt eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung 12, mit der verschiedene Einrichtungen und Verbraucher programm- und zustandsabhängig gesteuert oder geregelt werden. So regelt die Steuereinrichtung unter anderem die Spannung und die Frequenz des dreiphasigen Motors 4 über einen Frequenzumrichter 13. In der Steuereinrichtung ist eine Auswerteschaltung 14 integriert, die die vom Motor 4 aufgenommene Leistung ermittelt. Die Schaltung 14 erhält hierzu von der Steuereinrichtung 12 Daten über die Phasenspannungen, die als Stellgrößen vorgegeben werden, und Messwerte über die in den Ständerwicklungen ausgebildeten Phasenströme. Hierüber kann die Auswerteschaltung 14 die aus dem Stromnetz aufgenommene Gesamtleistung berechnen. Des Weiteren erhält die Auswerteschaltung über einen im Prozessluftkanal 7 angeordneten Temperatursensor 15 eine Information über die Prozesslufttemperatur. Die Auswerteschaltung 14 ist in der Lage, aus den vorgenannten Daten aus einem Leistungsabfall eine wenigstens teilweise Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals 7 zu erkennen. Die Steuereinrichtung 12 betätigt dann eine Warnanzeige 16, um den Benutzer auf die Verstopfung und eine erforderliche Säuberung hinzuweisen.The dryer has an electronic control device 12, with the various devices and consumers program and state-dependent controlled or regulated. Among other things, the control device regulates the voltage and the frequency of the three-phase motor 4 via a frequency converter 13. In the control device, an evaluation circuit 14 is integrated, which determines the power absorbed by the motor 4. For this purpose, the circuit 14 receives from the control device 12 data about the phase voltages, which are specified as manipulated variables, and measured values about the phase currents formed in the stator windings. By way of this, the evaluation circuit 14 can calculate the total power consumed from the power grid. Furthermore, the evaluation circuit receives information about the process air temperature via a temperature sensor 15 arranged in the process air duct 7. The evaluation circuit 14 is able to recognize from the aforementioned data from a power loss an at least partial blockage of the process air channel 7. The controller 12 then actuates a warning indicator 16 to alert the user to the obstruction and a required cleanup.

Im Folgenden sind zwei verschiedene Verfahren näher beschrieben, durch die die Auswerteschaltung eine wenigstens teilweise Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals erkennt.In the following, two different methods are described in more detail, by which the evaluation circuit detects an at least partial blockage of the process air channel.

Die erste Variante kann insbesondere bei einem Trockner mit einem Prozessluftgebläse eingesetzt werden, dessen Lüfterschaufeln gekrümmt sind und somit einen verbesserten Wirkungsgrad in einer Vorzugsdrehrichtung besitzen. Solche Gebläse werden standardmäßig in Haushaltswäschetrocknern eingesetzt. Figur 2 zeigt die Abhängigkeit der Gebläseleistung eines Gebläses von der Drehzahl. Die Leistung nimmt kubisch mit der Drehzahl zu. Wenn nun der Luftwiderstand bei einem Gebläse erhöht wird, wird die Lastkennlinie flacher. Figur 3 zeigt eine Kurvenschar für einen Trockner, bei dem der Prozessluftkanal für die Kurve 1 frei ist, und beginnend bei Kurve 2 bis Kurve 5 zunehmend verstopft ist. Bei dem eingangs beschriebenen Trockner wird die Drehzahl des Gebläses durch die Steuereinrichtung über den Frequenzumrichter vorgegeben und geregelt, sie kann deshalb als konstant angenommen werden. Die Leistung des Motors, der das Gebläse antreibt, ist wie vorbeschrieben bekannt, da die Eingangsspannung in den Phasen und die Wicklungsströme bekannt sind. Im Trockner treibt der Motor nicht nur das Gebläse, sondern auch die Trommel an. Somit setzt sich die Motorleistung wie folgt zusammen: P Motor = P Motorverluste + P Gebl a ¨ se + P Trommel

Figure imgb0001
The first variant can be used in particular in a dryer with a process air blower, the fan blades are curved and thus have improved efficiency in a preferred direction of rotation. Such blowers are used by default in household tumble driers. FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the blower power of a blower on the speed. The power increases cubically with the speed. Now, if the air resistance is increased in a fan, the load curve is flatter. FIG. 3 shows a family of curves for a dryer, in which the process air duct for the curve 1 is free, and starting at curve 2 to curve 5 is increasingly clogged. In the dryer described above, the speed of the fan is set and controlled by the controller via the frequency converter, it can therefore be assumed to be constant. The power of the motor which drives the fan is known as described above, since the input voltage in the phases and the winding currents are known. In the dryer, the engine drives not only the blower, but also the drum. Thus, the engine power is composed as follows: P engine = P motor losses + P Gebl a ¨ se + P drum
Figure imgb0001

Die Motorverluste sind berechenbar, wenn der Wirkungsgrad des Motors bekannt ist. Dieser kann in Versuchen ermittelt werden. Demnach muss nur noch der Anteil der Gebläseleistung vom Anteil der Trommelleistung separiert werden.The engine losses are predictable when the efficiency of the engine is known. This can be determined in experiments. Accordingly, only the proportion of the fan power has to be separated from the portion of the drum output.

Bei der ersten Variante wird hierzu der Motor zunächst in Vorzugsdrehrichtung des Gebläses betrieben und die abgegebene Motorleistung, d. h. die vom Motor aufgenommene Gesamtleistung abzüglich der Motorverluste ermittelt. Anschließend wird der Motor bei gleicher Drehzahl gegen die Vorzugsrichtung des Gebläses gedreht. Wieder wird die abgegebene Motorleistung ermittelt. Die Leistung der Trommel ist unabhängig von der Drehrichtung. Beim Gebläse ist die abgegebene Leistung bei Drehung gegen die Vorzugsdrehrichtung vernachlässigbar. Insofern entspricht die vom Gebläse abgegebene Leistung in Vorzugsdrehrichtung der Leistungsdifferenz zwischen der abgegebenen Motorleistung in Vorzugsdrehrichtung und der abgegebenen Motorleistung gegen Vorzugsdrehrichtung, siehe Figur 4. Die Auswerteschaltung vergleicht nun die errechnete Gebläseleistung bzw. den Leistungsabfall mit einem vorgegebenen Grenzwert und erkennt eine unzulässige Verstopfung, wenn der Leistungsabfall einen vorgegebenen Grenzwert übersteigt bzw. wenn die Gebläseleistung einen vorgegebenen Grenzwert unterschreitet. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dieses Verfahrens berücksichtigt sie noch die zum Zeitpunkt der Leistungsermittlung vorliegende Prozesslufttemperatur. Hierzu ist dann eine Tabelle mit temperaturabhängigen Grenzwerten abgespeichert, aus der die Auswerteschaltung den Leistungsabfall bzw. die Gebläseleistung mit dem für die gemessene Temperatur zutreffenden Grenzwert vergleicht.In the first variant, for this purpose, the engine is initially operated in the preferred direction of rotation of the fan and determines the output engine power, ie the total power absorbed by the engine minus the engine losses. Subsequently, the motor is rotated at the same speed against the preferred direction of the blower. Again, the output engine power is determined. The performance of the drum is independent of the direction of rotation. With the blower, the output power is negligible when turning against the preferred direction of rotation. In this respect, the power delivered by the blower in the preferred direction of rotation corresponds to the power difference between the engine power delivered in the preferred direction of rotation and the engine power output in the preferred direction of rotation, see FIG. 4 , The evaluation circuit now compares the calculated fan power or the power loss with a predetermined limit and detects an inadmissible blockage when the power loss exceeds a predetermined limit or when the fan power falls below a predetermined threshold. In a preferred embodiment of this method, it still takes into account the process air temperature present at the time the power is determined. For this purpose, a table with temperature-dependent limit values is stored, from which the evaluation circuit compares the power loss or the fan power with the limit value applicable for the measured temperature.

Die zweite Variante kann bei einem Gebläse eingesetzt werden, welches in beiden Drehrichtungen gleiche Leistungen abgibt, aber auch in einem Programmabschnitt, in dem eine Drehrichtungsumkehr des Gebläses oder der Trommel nicht erwünscht ist. Bei dieser Variante des Verfahrens wird der Motor zunächst mit einer ersten Drehzahl, beispielsweise 60 min-1, gedreht. Dabei wird die abgegebene Motorleistung ermittelt, siehe Figur 5. Anschließend wird der Motor mit einer zweiten Drehzahl betrieben, beispielsweise 90 min-1. Auch hier wird die Motorleistung ermittelt. Es gelten folgende Grundsätze: Die Trommelleistung steigt bei einer Drehzahlerhöhung annähernd linear, d. h. um 50% an (Auswirkungen der Wäsche unterhalb und oberhalb der Anlegedrehzahl können vernachlässigt werden). Die Gebläseleistung nimmt kubisch zu, d. h. um 237,5%. Es kann aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Leistungszunahme in erster Näherung davon ausgegangen werden, dass bei Drehzahlsteigerungen im Bereich zwischen 30% und 70% der Anteil der Leistungszunahme beim Gebläse ca. 80% der ermittelten Leistungsdifferenz beträgt. Diese Schätzung reicht für eine Beurteilung über eine Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals aus. Der Wert der Leistungszunahme beim Gebläse wird dann mit einem vorgegebenen Mindestwert verglichen. Wenn dieser nicht erreicht wird, wird auf eine Verstopfung des Prozessluftkanals geschlossen. Wie bei der ersten Variante kann die Prozesslufttemperatur berücksichtigt werden.The second variant can be used in a fan, which outputs the same power in both directions, but also in a program section in which a reversal of the direction of rotation of the fan or the drum is not desirable. In this variant of the method, the motor is first rotated at a first speed, for example 60 min -1 . The emitted engine power is determined, see FIG. 5 , Subsequently, the engine is operated at a second speed, for example 90 min -1 . Again, the engine power is determined. The following principles apply: When the speed increases, the drum output rises approximately linearly, ie by 50% (effects of the wash below and above the application speed can be neglected). The fan power increases cubically, ie by 237.5%. It can be assumed based on the different performance increase in a first approximation that increases in speed increases in the range between 30% and 70%, the proportion of power increase in the fan about 80% of the determined power difference. These Estimate is sufficient for an assessment of a blockage of the process air duct. The value of the power increase at the blower is then compared with a predetermined minimum value. If this is not achieved, it is concluded that there is a blockage of the process air duct. As with the first variant, the process air temperature can be taken into account.

Claims (12)

  1. Method for detecting an at least partial blockage of a process air channel (7) in a dryer (1), in which process air (6) is supplied to and/or conveyed away from a drum (2), which is rotatably mounted as a drying chamber (2), through the process air channel (7) by means of a process air fan (8) and in which a motor (4) for driving the process air fan (8) is at least switched on and switched off, and/or influenced with respect to its rotational speed, by means of a control device (12), an evaluation circuit (14) determining the power that is input or output by the motor (4) and detecting an at least partial blockage of the process air channel (7) due to a decrease in power,
    characterised in that
    the process air fan (8), together with the drum (2), is driven by the motor (4) and in that, for determining the proportion of power allocated to driving the process air fan (8), either the rotational direction of the motor (4) is modified if the process air fan (8) has a preferred rotational direction with respect to its air conveyance, or the rotational speed of the motor (4) is modified.
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the evaluation circuit (14) detects the blockage of the process air channel (7) when the decrease in power exceeds a predetermined threshold value or when the fan power falls below a predetermined threshold value.
  3. Method according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the threshold value is predetermined according to the temperature of the process air (6).
  4. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the rotational speed of the motor (4) is modified and in that the total proportion of power allocated to driving the process air fan (8) is determined from the difference in the total power before and after the rotational speed is modified.
  5. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the process air fan (8) has a preferred rotational direction with respect to its air conveyance and the rotational direction of the motor (4) is modified, the total proportion of power allocated to driving the process air fan (8) being determined from the difference in the total power between the rotation of the motor (4) in and counter to the preferred rotational direction of the fan (8).
  6. Method according to claim 5,
    characterised in that
    the motor (4) is operated in both rotational directions at the same rotational speed.
  7. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the control device (12) activates a warning display (16) when the evaluation circuit (14) detects an at least partial blockage of the process air channel (7) from a decrease in power from the above-mentioned data, in order to make the user aware of the blockage and that cleaning is required.
  8. Dryer (1), comprising a drum (2) which is rotatably mounted as a drying chamber, which drum receives laundry (3) to be dried, in which process air (6) is supplied to and/or conveyed away from said drum through a process air channel (7) by means of a process air fan (8), further comprising a motor (4) for driving the process air fan (8), which motor is at least switched on and switched off, and/or influenced with respect to its rotational speed, by means of a control device (12), the control device (12) containing an evaluation circuit (14) which is designed to determine the power that is input or output by the motor (4) and to detect an at least partial blockage of the process air channel (7) due to a decrease in power,
    characterised in that
    the process air fan (8), together with the drum (2), is driven by the motor (4) and the evaluation circuit (14) is designed either to modify the rotational direction of the motor (4), if the process air fan (8) has a preferred rotational direction with respect to its air conveyance, or to modify the rotational speed of the motor, in order to determine the proportion of power allocated to driving the process air fan (8).
  9. Dryer (1) according to claim 8,
    characterised in that
    the motor (4) for driving the fan (8) and the drum (2) is a three-phase motor, a frequency converter (13) being provided to control the voltage and frequency supplied to the motor (3).
  10. Dryer (1) according to claim 9,
    characterised in that
    the evaluation circuit (14) is designed to obtain data regarding the phase voltages of the control device (12), which are predetermined as manipulated variables and measurement data regarding the phase currents formed in the stator windings and thereby to calculate the total power input from the mains.
  11. Dryer (1) according to any of claims 8 to 10,
    further comprising a temperature sensor (15) arranged in the process air channel for providing information regarding the process air temperature, wherein the evaluation circuit (14) takes into account this information in order to calculate the decrease in power in the process air stream.
  12. Dryer (1) according to any of claims 8 to 11,
    characterised by
    a warning display (16) that can be activated by a control device (12) in order to make the user aware of the blockage and that cleaning is required.
EP14180781.8A 2013-08-14 2014-08-13 A method for detecting an at least partial blockage of a process air channel in a dryer and a dryer Active EP2837735B1 (en)

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JP6502167B2 (en) * 2015-05-13 2019-04-17 アクア株式会社 Clothing processing equipment
KR20180098044A (en) * 2017-02-24 2018-09-03 엘지전자 주식회사 Device for treating laundry and Controlling method for the same
DE102018109021A1 (en) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-17 Miele & Cie. Kg Washer dryer and method of operating a washer dryer
CN111248812B (en) * 2018-12-03 2022-04-19 添可智能科技有限公司 Dust collector filter screen replacement reminding method and system and dust collector
CN112301696A (en) * 2019-07-26 2021-02-02 博西华电器（江苏）有限公司 Clothes drying equipment, lint detection method for clothes drying equipment and readable storage medium
CN114182515B (en) * 2021-11-30 2023-10-27 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Clothes treatment equipment and control method for washing drying filter screen
CN114182512B (en) * 2021-11-30 2023-07-18 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Drying filter screen flushing device, control method and heat pump washing machine
CN114232297B (en) * 2021-11-30 2023-08-11 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Drying equipment and control method

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DE4034273A1 (en) 1990-10-27 1992-04-30 Zanker Gmbh Laundry dryer with fan - has heating unit to heat air current and monitoring device to register value to characterise air current
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