EP2836575A1 - Centrale de stockage - Google Patents

Centrale de stockage

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Publication number
EP2836575A1
EP2836575A1 EP13716185.7A EP13716185A EP2836575A1 EP 2836575 A1 EP2836575 A1 EP 2836575A1 EP 13716185 A EP13716185 A EP 13716185A EP 2836575 A1 EP2836575 A1 EP 2836575A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
methane
gas
power plant
hydrogen
synthesis gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13716185.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl-Werner Dietrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHIFTPOWER UG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE201210007136 external-priority patent/DE102012007136A1/de
Priority claimed from DE201210008164 external-priority patent/DE102012008164A1/de
Priority claimed from DE201210009903 external-priority patent/DE102012009903A1/de
Priority claimed from DE201210015788 external-priority patent/DE102012015788A1/de
Priority claimed from DE201210021256 external-priority patent/DE102012021256A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2836575A1 publication Critical patent/EP2836575A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/08—Production of synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon
    • C07C1/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon dioxide with hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/12—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for injecting a composition into the line
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the hydrogen can be introduced into natural gas and placed on the market in mixture with natural gas. And here comes the next problem: Hydrogen and natural gas differ fundamentally in their physical and fire properties. Natural gas has eight times the density, three times the calorific value, and consumes four times more oxygen during combustion. 5A fluctuating wind or solar current then results in a fluctuating hydrogen flow after electrolysis and, inevitably, after introduction into natural gas, a fluctuating gas mixture.
  • the storage, transport and use of such hydrogen / natural gas mixtures are described in the published patent applications DE 10 2010 020 762 A1 (transport and stabilization of renewable energies) and DE 10 2010 031 777 A1 (hydrogen storage in natural gas deposits). Although there is a viable way to stabilize renewables, there are still significant market barriers for such fluctuating gas mixtures.
  • coal reacts with water (carbon and water in the molar ratio 1: 1, reaction equation 1) under pressure and heat to carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • the equimolar gas mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is used in the called "synthesis gas". If one adds another 2 mol of hydrogen to the synthesis gas, obtained by water electrolysis from wind or solar power (equation 3), then in a reaction named after the chemist "Sabatier" methane and water in a molar ratio of 1: 1 (equation 2).
  • Carbon is the carrier of stored energy.
  • reaction Equation 5 the synthesis of the hybrid methane (reaction Equations 1 to 3) in combination with its power generation / combustion (reaction equation 4) results in a storage power plant.
  • the co-firing of the synthesis gas with natural gas (equation 5) results in important synergies.
  • coal it is also possible to use carbon compounds, preferably of vegetable origin, for the preparation of the synthesis gas.
  • Plant materials such as e.g. Wood consists largely of carbohydrates, in which the carbon also reacts with water to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
  • the present invention thus provides a process for the production of methane from excess electrical energy and carbon, wherein the electrical energy is removed from the mains and converted into hydrogen by electrolysis of water, the hydrogen 5 mit Carbonmonoxid, by reacting coal or carbon compounds with water vapor in stoichiometric amount is produced directly as synthesis gas, reacting to form methane and the methane is fed into the natural gas network.
  • the present invention thus further provides that the 20-hybrid methane to be introduced into the gas network is mixed with up to 10% of hydrogen.
  • Electrolyser for converting electrical energy into hydrogen (Rk.3.)
  • the gas power plant (1) is operated to bridge nature supply gaps occurring in wind and solar power or generally for grid stabilization.
  • Hybrid methane or its equivalent of natural gas or synthesis gas is taken from the gas network (6), emitted and electrical energy (via the transformer) in the power grid (5.) initiated.
  • the system components 2 to 4 are not in operation.
  • the hybrid methane in which the excess electrical energy gives the extra fuel value to the coal, is first stored in the gas network, and its equivalent of natural gas is excreted in the gas power plant when needed.
  • This is the most important feature of a storage power plant to store unused energy and give it back when needed.
  • the entire plant is a hybrid storage power plant; because only half of the hybrid methane stored in the gas network is excess stored energy (the other half comes from the coal).
  • the advantage of the gas network as storage is its enormous storage capacity.
  • the subject of the present invention is thus a hybrid storage power plant which comprises the abovementioned plant parts 1 to 6 and in which the gas and electricity flow takes place alternately in both directions in the plant parts 5 and 6 and which uses the natural gas network as storage.
  • the system components 1 to 4 are switched on or off depending on the requirements and the resulting operating phase. This requires a high degree of flexibility in the implementations taking place in these plant components. This flexibility is given in the gas-fired power plant (1st) and water electrolysis (3rd).
  • the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide (4.) which proceeds in the 5Gasphase nickel catalysts can be switched on and off according to the requirements.
  • the synthesis gas produced in 2. has almost the calorific value of fluorescent gas and can there in the operating phase of the gas power plant either alone (Rk.4.) Or together with natural gas (Rk.5.) Are exuded.
  • the plant part 2, which is used to produce the synthesis gas can be operated in both operating states mentioned above and used alternately both for producing electrical energy in the gas power plant (Rk.4) and for producing the hybrid methane (Rk.2) ,
  • the gas power plant (1) is operated together with the plant for coal gasification and production of the synthesis gas (2) for network stabilization and the synthesis gas flows out.
  • the system parts 3. and 4. are not in operation.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore the alternative use of the synthesis gas, on the one hand as a fuel gas, optionally together with natural gas or alone for 30 power generation in the gas power plant in the first phase of operation, on the other hand for the production of hybrid methane together with in the electrolyzer from electrical energy recovered hydrogen in the second phase of operation. This means that coal gasification remains in operation in both operating phases.
  • the condensate from the combustion gases of the synthesis Gases is water from the reaction of hydrogen or methane with oxygen (Rk.4 or Rk.5.). This water is naturally salt-free, as it is needed for water electrolysis.
  • One mole of hydrogen produces one mole of water.
  • the second mol of water required for the formation of 2 moles of hydrogen in Equation 3 can be obtained by drying the hybrid methane 5 (Rk.2) as also salt-free condensed water.
  • salt-free feed water for the electrolysis and the inventive production of methane from wind and solar power is thus obtained in the overall process.
  • natural gas is burnt, 2 moles of water can be condensed (Rk.5.), which give the required amount of water in Rk.3.
  • water electrolysis produces 200 to 250 cubic meters of hydrogen gas from one megawatt of electrical energy. In this case, 160 to 200 liters of salt-free (distilled) water are consumed.
  • a demand of 16,000 to 20,000 liters of distilled water per hour for the electrolysis is calculated. This shows that the procurement of feedwater for electrolysis is a significant cost and energy factor.
  • the condensate from a gas-fired power plant is a suitable starting product for a cost-effective feedwater treatment for water electrolysis.
  • Additional condensate can be obtained from gas heating systems5 (condensing heating) according to the same principle.
  • gas heating systems5 condensing heating
  • the condensate may only be discharged into the sewage system after chemical neutralization. It should therefore be worthwhile to collect the condensate from heating systems and to provide for the erfmdungshacke process.
  • 0Synthesis gas needs special treatment if it is burned together with natural gas in a gas-fired power station and the condensate is to be treated as feedwater in the same way.
  • the coal, raw material for the synthesis gas contains namely up to 4% of sulfur compounds, which must be separated. Methods for binding sulfur from coal gases are known. An example is the coal gasification in the presence of iron oxides.
  • the purification of the synthesis gas is also important because the hybrid methane produced from it is to be fed into the gas network and the natural gas located there has a high purity standard. It can also be advantageous to separate synthesis gas and natural gas in the gas power plant separately and to use only the condensate (2 mol H20!) Of purer natural gas for electrolysis (see .Rk.3 and Rk.5.)
  • the present invention thus also relates to the use of collected condensates and condensates of the natural gas combustion in the gas power plant (1) as feed water for the electrolysis of water (3).
  • the condensate (H20) from Rk.2. and Rk.4. or from Rk.5. delivers exactly the amount of water required for electrolysis (Rk.3.) and subsequent hydrogenation (Rk.2.).
  • the hybrid methane With the method according to the invention is in the synthesis part of the plant parts 2nd to 4th from coal or carbon compounds with wind and solar energy, the hybrid methane, which is comparable to the climate-friendly natural gas. With the integration of this process into the energy transition, the hybrid gas gradually displaces the natural gas in the network and becomes independent of gas imports.
  • Both the natural gas connection with supply line and the high-voltage line with connection 30 to the power grid can be used in different operating phases in different directions and thus from all parts of the system. Both the natural gas pipeline and the connection to the high-voltage grid are shared by the plant components.
  • transformers can be used to convert the electrical energy from the high-voltage network for the electrolysis of the second phase of operation into lower voltage.
  • the result is a hybrid storage power plant.
  • Hybrid storage power plant because part of the energy is introduced by the excess electrical energy and part of the energy through the coal in the hybrid methane.
  • This hybrid methane is fed into the gas network and can be withdrawn from the gas network if necessary.
  • the gas network is a storage of the 5Hybrid storage power plant. Another store is the feedwater tank.
  • the oxygen formed in the electrolysis of water Collected, stored and used in the combustion of the synthesis gas (Rk.4.) Or the natural gas / methane (Rk.5.) Instead of 25 combustion air. In the absence of atmospheric nitrogen, this prevents the formation of nitrogen oxides during the combustion process. Nitrogen oxides are far more climate-damaging than carbon dioxide.
  • the oxygen accumulates as a gas in pure form during electrolysis and can be stored for storage e.g. be liquefied.
  • Evaporation energy can be recovered during condensation following combustion.
  • inert gas can be used as inert gas and separated from flue gases carbon dioxide be used.
  • carbon monoxide contained in the combustion gases can be recycled.
  • this part of the overall process 5 is coal-fired from the point of view of carbon dioxide emission.
  • life cycle assessment of the process which claims to convert coal into climate-friendly methane using excess energy, is only marginally deteriorated if predominantly natural gas / hybrid methane is used in the first phase of operation (in the gas-fired power plant).
  • experience has shown that, in general, the generation of electricity from gases is more efficient than the conversion of solids such as coal.
  • the life cycle assessment in the process according to the invention can be achieved by the (partial) use of biomass, e.g. Wood, to be improved in coal gasification (2nd). Wood as a carbohydrate can also be converted to Rk.l in synthesis gas. After methanation with hydrogen, biomethane is formed. An improvement in the ecological balance is also caused by the addition of hydrogen to the methane introduced into the network. Hydrogen burns completely emission-free.
  • biomass e.g. Wood
  • Wood as a carbohydrate can also be converted to Rk.l in synthesis gas.
  • biomethane After methanation with hydrogen, biomethane is formed.
  • An improvement in the ecological balance is also caused by the addition of hydrogen to the methane introduced into the network. Hydrogen burns completely emission-free.
  • the carbon for the hybrid methane is 60 to 80 tons of coal. That With the use of approx. 70 30to coal, 1 million KW of surplus energy will time-shifted 850000 KW of higher-value energy for demand peaks.
  • Such inflexible power plants can be replaced by a hybrid storage power plant according to the invention. Then, on the one hand, hybrid methane can be produced from excess energy and introduced into the gas network and, on the other hand, gas can be emitted for peak demand in the gas power plant. The (main) power plant can then go through in the optimum range of effectiveness. Optionally, the synthesis gas can also be burned in the combustion chamber of the (main) power plant.
  • the output voltage on the generator is on the order of 5000 volts.
  • the input voltage of conventional devices for water electrolysis is 200 to 300 volts and results from the series connection of several cells, each with 2.2 volts.
  • the number of cells connected in series is limited by the need to switch off and repair the entire device if only one cell is disrupted. A much larger number of electrolysis cells would be permissible if one connects several blocks with the same number of cells in the back and holds an additional block. If one of the blocks in operation then fails, then the prepared additional block can be switched on and the defective block is switched off and repaired. So a water electrolysis can be operated safely even with comparatively high voltage.
  • a particularly advantageous location for a hybrid storage power plant would be in the vicinity of a lignite power plant.
  • lignite is available directly and in the foreseeable increasing demand for storage power plants, the energy production and thus also the use of lignite from the lignite-fired power station could be shifted train by train to the hybrid storage power plant. This would end the controversial combustion of lignite and still promote and use lignite as the most economical source of energy and would even have an important function in the energy transition.
  • the ecological spell is taken from the coal.
  • Electrolyser and rectifier for converting electrical energy into hydrogen (Rk.3.)
  • the most important storage is the gas network with hybrid methane as the storage medium. If necessary, then the stored hybrid methane or its equivalent of natural gas in the gas network can be reconverted. This reconversion takes place preferably in a hybrid power plant associated with the gas power plant. The synergies occurring in this combination of plants are described in detail above. However, the reconversion may also be at a more remote location, with the hybrid methane or its equivalents of natural gas removed from the gas network.
  • the carbon dioxide can also be separated from the flue gases and stored or sequestered. If oxygen from the electrolysis of water is used instead of air during combustion, the carbon dioxide remains as gas after condensation of the water. If the carbon dioxide is also liquefied, the carbon monoxide which is unavoidable during coal combustion remains, which can be returned to the burner and thus does not escape into the environment.
  • Another storage medium is the feed water for the electrolysis, which is obtained as condensate from the flue gases of / gas power plants. If the gas power plant connected to the hybrid storage power plant, the feedwater can be collected on site, prepared and stored with appropriate capacity in the tank. From more distant gas power plants, the condensed water collected there would then have to be transported to the hybrid storage power plant in tankers.
  • Condensates from condensing boilers could then also be included in these transports. Collection and storage of the condensate from the natural gas / hybrid gas combustion is therefore an object of the invention, because with the amount of decay of the hybrid methane from Synthesis gas is allowed (Rk.2, Rk.3 and Rk.5.).
  • the condensate from the combustion of natural gas is preferable because of its greater purity to the condensate from the combustion of coal-derived syngas to be used according to the invention for water electrolysis.
  • the synthesis gas is produced in the first stage of the "Fischer-Tropsch process" from carbon and water vapor at high temperatures (Rk.l.). Depending on the quality of the coal or carbon compound, it contains as its main component carbon monoxide and hydrogen and optionally lOMethan. It is also possible to heat the coal to 1000 ° C to 1300 ° C in the absence of air to obtain coke, i. purer carbon, which is converted to the synthesis gas. In addition, about 1 to coal each about 300 cubic meters of gas, a gas mixture with about 50% hydrogen and 30% methane as main components, which can be fed directly into the gas network or in Rk.2. As a further byproduct of coking the coal is produced
  • coal tar a mixture of aromatics
  • the coal tar was historically the springboard of the chemical industry. If the process according to the invention removes the ecological ban from the coal, numerous chemical intermediates can be recovered in the coal utilization according to the invention and the dependence of the chemistry on the petrochemicals is reduced.
  • the production of the synthesis gas which also includes its purification, a complex, continuously running process in which prohibits a continuous on and off in the changing phases of operation of the storage power plant. It is therefore a particular object of the present invention that the synthesis gas is used in both operating phases in different uses (in the first operating phase according to Rk.3 and in the second operating phase according to Rk.4.).
  • the syngas can also be injected into the focal point of the coal power plant 0und so exuded. With an additional gaseous fuel, higher power is available much faster for peaks in demand So you can gain flexibility even with a coal-fired power plant.
  • the reaction of the synthesis gas to hybrid methane (Rk.2.) Is carried out in a reaction according to the chemist 5 "Sabatier", in which carbon monoxide is hydrogenated on nickel or iron catalysts with hydrogen to methane,
  • the chemical reaction is exothermic and can in a Refinement of the method according to the invention can be used thermally, whereby the efficiency of the reconversion can be further increased.
  • Generating electricity from the synthesis gas means its direct or indirect thermal utilization for the purpose of generating electrical energy.
  • the carbon dioxide formed in the operating phase of the conversion of the synthesis gas can also be stored or sequestered.
  • the carbon dioxide is separated by pressure liquefaction from the flue gases. If the oxygen produced during the electrolysis of water is used instead of air for combustion, carbon dioxide, which can be stored directly, remains as the only gas after the condensation of water.
  • the carbon monoxide in addition to its direct combustion, can also be converted into carbon dioxide and further hydrogen with steam. Then the carbon dioxide is stored and subsequently only hydrogen is burned.
  • This hydrogen can also be methanized in the same way as hydrogen obtained from the electrolysis. This is done by reacting the hydrogen either with stored carbon dioxide (Rk.6.) Or with synthesis gas carbon monoxide (Rk.2.).
  • the synthesis gas can be divided, with one part reacting as above to hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the other part of the synthesis gas then reacting with hydrogen to form methane (Rk.2). This produces also in the operating phase of the power generation of the synthesis gas methane, which can alternatively be stored for direct combustion / electricity generation.
  • the synthesis gas can be emitted / burned as such, as hydrogen or as methane.
  • the carbon dioxide can be separated and stored as described.
  • the synthesis gas is obtained from biomass (for example wood) in the process according to the invention, the carbon dioxide which the plants had taken from the atmosphere is stored in the soil in the operating phase of the power generation during sequestration and excess in the operating phase of the storage Energy is generated by biomethane.
  • the gases formed as end products carbon dioxide and methane are either taxed or financially supported (for example biomethane). It is therefore important, if e.g. changing proportions of wood with coal are gasified according to the invention, the organic content in o.g. To determine gases.
  • the carbon for the hybrid methane is derived from coal.
  • Methane consists of 75% carbon (molecular weight methane: 16, atomic weight carbon: 12).
  • the gas density of methane is 718g / cubic meter. It is calculated that 1 cubic meter of methane contains 539g of carbon.
  • Coal carbon content of 65% to 90% (depending on the grade of coal) requires 580g to 830g of coal per cubic meter of hybrid methane.
  • the synthesis gas is converted by combustion in the power plant into electrical energy.
  • the conversion of the synthesis gas can take place in a coal or gas power plant.
  • natural gas can also be emitted, depending on the need for electrical energy.
  • the power phase is naturally associated with a stoppage of energy storage.
  • the energy storage of the present invention like coal gasification, is a chemical process involving carbon monoxide. It is therefore advantageous to continue the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to methane even in the power phase, albeit at a lower power, 10.
  • the second storage, the gas network has for all conceivable situations
  • the hybrid methane corresponds to H-quality natural gas.
  • ⁇ 1 cubic meter of hybrid methane is made up of approx. 700g of coal and 8 KW of excess energy.
  • Equation A. to C. can also be a chemical storage power plant.
  • methane is burned / emitted in an operating phase for energy production (A.) and the carbon dioxide is separated from the flue gases and stored.
  • excess energy stored is hydrogen obtained by electrolysis (B.) and the hydrogen hydrogenates the stored carbon dioxide to methane (C).
  • water from equation A. and C. can be separated by condensation and prepared for the feed water for the water electrolysis (B.).
  • the flue gases consist exclusively of carbon dioxide and water vapor and, after condensation of the water vapor, gaseous carbon dioxide can be stored directly , Carbon dioxide and water can also be stored as a mixture.
  • Equation B Another storage power plant is included in Equation B.).
  • the water formed is collected (after condensation) and stored.
  • the stored water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis with electrical energy to be stored, in equation B.
  • the reaction proceeds from left to right.
  • the hydrogen is stored and is available for the other phase of operation, combustion / power generation.
  • the oxygen can be stored and used in place of the combustion air.
  • the use of pure Oxygen during combustion has the advantage that no nitrogen oxides are produced in the absence of atmospheric nitrogen.
  • Another object of the present invention is thus the electrochemical reconstruction 5von methane from its flue gases, characterized in that in a gas power plant, which is connected to a water electrolysis and hydrogenation of carbon dioxide in a first phase of operation with natural gas / methane removal from the gas network and its combustion in the power plant produces electrical energy and is introduced into the power grid and separated from the flue gases carbon dioxide, collected and stored and in a second lOBetriebsphase electrical energy from the mains of the water electrolysis is absorbed and hydrogen formed in the electrolysis of water in the first Operating phase collected and stored carbon dioxide hydrogenated to methane and the methane is introduced into the gas network.
  • water vapor can be condensed from the flue gases in the first phase of operation, stored and used as feed water for the electrolysis in the second phase of operation.
  • the oxygen formed in the second operating phase in the electrolysis of water in addition to hydrogen in the 0passenden amount can be stored and used in the subsequent first phase of operation instead of the combustion air. If pure hydrogen is then burned with pure oxygen, the flue gases consist of pure water, which can be stored and then fed directly to the electrolysis. If methane is burned with pure oxygen, the flue gases consist only of water vapor and carbon dioxide, which are separated, stored and reused.
  • aqueous condensates which are obtained in the combustion of hydrogen or hydrocarbons from the flue gases (for example in condensing boilers) are suitable as feed water for the electrolysis of water.
  • the flue gases consist exclusively of water vapor and carbon dioxide. After condensation of the water vapor and separation of the condensate, carbon dioxide which can be stored remains as gas. This creates in the storage phase exactly the amount of oxygen that is required in the power phase for the combustion of methane. 2. As with 1., the combustion of syngas with pure oxygen also produces fumes of water vapor and carbon dioxide, facilitating the separation (and storage or sequestration) of carbon dioxide in the same way. If, after separation of the aqueous condensate, the carbon dioxide is liquefied (eg by pressure),
  • the use of pure oxygen is also advantageous in the combustion or conversion of hydrogen.
  • the only “flue gas” is then water vapor, which can be stored and used directly in the storage phase as feed water for the electrolysis of water.
  • Pure hydrogen and pure oxygen, as produced by electrolysis give pure water, which in turn breaks down into pure hydrogen and oxygen, etc.
  • the high energy density of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture may be added to steam during combustion for temperature control, where a steam turbine may be placed directly behind the gas turbine, then relaxed steam is returned to combustion and only the amount of water vapor is condensed, which is considered feedwater needed for the electrolysis.
  • the pure oxygen during combustion causes (in contrast to the combustion with air) in the absence of atmospheric nitrogen, no nitrogen oxides.
  • the biocarbon in the sequestered carbon dioxide in the produced methane can be determined according to the radiocarbon method known from archeology.

Abstract

Les excédents en énergie éolienne et en énergie solaire qui se produisent inévitablement, et les lacunes dans l'alimentation qui apparaissent, en alternance, ainsi que la capacité de stockage insuffisante de l'énergie électrique, constituent un obstacle majeur dans la mise en application des énergies renouvelables. L'invention concerne un procédé de production et de stockage de l'énergie électrique, selon lequel, dans une phase de conversion en électricité, un gaz de synthèse est brûlé dans une centrale pour la production d'énergie électrique et, dans une phase de stockage, le gaz de synthèse est transformé, au moyen d'hydrogène additionné, en méthane 5, et le méthane produit est envoyé dans le réseau de gaz naturel, où il est stocké, l'hydrogène qui doit être ajouté, pour la formation du méthane à partir du gaz de synthèse, étant obtenu par électrolyse de l'eau. Le gaz de synthèse est produit de préférence par gazéification du charbon ou du coke. Le procédé décrit produit, à partir du charbon et des énergies éolienne et solaire en excès, du méthane, respectueux du climat. Ce méthane est un méthane hybride, dans lequel le carbone peut être d'origine fossile, et l'hydrogène provient des énergies éolienne et solaire. Dans le bilan, l'énergie électrique est prélevée du réseau électrique, et le méthane, produit avec addition de charbon, qui possède les propriétés du gaz naturel, est injecté dans le réseau de gaz. Le méthane, ou son équivalent en gaz naturel, injecté dans la phase de stockage, peut être de nouveau prélevé du réseau de gaz naturel, dans la phase de conversion en électricité, et reconverti en électricité dans une centrale électrique au gaz.
EP13716185.7A 2012-04-10 2013-03-12 Centrale de stockage Withdrawn EP2836575A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210007136 DE102012007136A1 (de) 2012-04-10 2012-04-10 Rekonstruktion von Methan aus seinen Rauchgasen / Ein chemisches Speicherkraftwerk
DE201210008164 DE102012008164A1 (de) 2012-04-24 2012-04-24 Gewinnung von Speisewasser für die Wasserelektrolyse aus Rauchgasen
DE201210009903 DE102012009903A1 (de) 2012-05-18 2012-05-18 Hybridspeicherkraftwerk mit Umwandlung von Kohle in Methan
DE201210015788 DE102012015788A1 (de) 2012-08-08 2012-08-08 Speicherkraftwerk mit Sequestrierung von Kohlendioxid
DE201210021256 DE102012021256A1 (de) 2012-10-30 2012-10-30 Verfahren zur abwechselnden Erzeugung oder Speicherung elektrischer Energie durch chemische Umwandlung von Kohlenstoff
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