EP2826571A2 - Method for manufacturing a pulley for motor vehicle applications - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing a pulley for motor vehicle applications Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2826571A2 EP2826571A2 EP14174834.3A EP14174834A EP2826571A2 EP 2826571 A2 EP2826571 A2 EP 2826571A2 EP 14174834 A EP14174834 A EP 14174834A EP 2826571 A2 EP2826571 A2 EP 2826571A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cup
- shaped portion
- reference plane
- die
- disk
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/26—Making other particular articles wheels or the like
- B21D53/261—Making other particular articles wheels or the like pulleys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/24—Deep-drawing involving two drawing operations having effects in opposite directions with respect to the blank
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/02—Die constructions enabling assembly of the die parts in different ways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/42—Making machine elements wheels; discs pulleys, e.g. cable pulleys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K23/00—Making other articles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a pulley made of metal material for motor vehicle applications.
- pulleys of the type specified above formed, in a single piece, by a hub, a cylindrical rim extending around the hub, and a disk-shaped annular portion for connection between the rim and the hub, which usually has a plane conformation.
- the hub comprises a central portion shaped like a cylindrical cup having a disk-shaped bottom, which extends parallel to the annular portion.
- the central portion of the hub further comprises a cylindrical side wall, which extends through the annular portion and has an axial end edge opposite to the bottom and projecting with respect to the annular portion from the opposite side of the bottom itself.
- the end edge is connected to the annular portion via a bridge element, which is also annular and has, in cross section, a U-shaped profile.
- the bridge element is moreover provided with a plurality of through holes, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis of the pulley and are designed to enable connection of the pulley itself to the engine shaft.
- the bottom of the central portion of the hub is delimited, on the side opposite to the one facing the inside of the central portion itself, by a surface bearing a plurality of impressions that are provided by coining and that resemble the petals of a daisy evenly distributed about the axis of the pulley.
- impressions are designed to couple with complementary projections made on a flange of a corresponding shaft, which may in turn be coupled to the hub for imparting motion on the latter or receiving motion therefrom.
- the bottom of the central portion of the hub is moreover provided with an axial through hole, around which the aforesaid impressions extend.
- the rim projects in cantilever fashion from the annular portion on the opposite side of the bottom and is delimited by a surface facing the hub and by an opposite surface provided with a plurality of annular grooves for coupling with a corresponding cogged belt.
- the aim of the present invention is hence to provide a method that will enable manufacture of a pulley of the type described above at reduced costs and minimizing waste of material.
- the above aim is achieved by the present invention in so far as it relates to a method for manufacturing a pulley for motor vehicle applications, as defined in Claim 1.
- Figure 1 designated as a whole by 1 is a pulley obtained according to the method forming the subject of the present invention.
- the pulley 1 has an axis A and comprises, in a single piece, a hub 2, a cylindrical rim 3 extending around the hub 2, and an annular disk-shaped portion 4 for connection between the rim 3 and the hub 2.
- the annular portion 4 has a plane conformation and defines a reference plane P of the pulley 1, orthogonal to the axis A.
- the hub 2 comprises a central portion 5 shaped like a cylindrical cup having a disk-shaped bottom 6, extending parallel to the annular portion 4 and to the reference plane P at a pre-set distance therefrom.
- the central portion 5 of the hub 2 further comprises a cylindrical side wall 7 with axis A, which extends through the annular portion 4 and the reference plane P and has an axial end edge 8 opposite to the bottom 6 and projecting with respect to the annular portion 4 from the opposite side of the bottom 6 itself.
- the end edge 8 is connected to the annular portion 4 via a bridge element 10, which is also annular and has, in cross section, a U-shaped profile; the bridge element 10 is moreover provided with a plurality of through holes 11, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis A.
- the bottom 6 of the central portion 5 of the hub 2 is delimited by a surface (not visible in Figure 1 ) facing the inside of the side wall 7, and by an opposite surface 13, bearing a plurality of impressions 15 provided by coining, that resemble the petals of a daisy and are evenly distributed about the axis A.
- impressions 15 enable coupling with projections of a complementary shape made on a flange of a corresponding shaft (in itself known and not illustrated), which is to couple with the hub 2 for imparting motion on the latter or receiving motion therefrom.
- a petal-shaped portion of the surface 13 of the bottom 6 may be excluded from the coining operation in such a way that, in use, it may function as angular reference key in order to set the engine that drives the aforementioned shaft in phase.
- the bottom 6 of the central portion 5 of the hub 2 is moreover provided with an axial through hole 16, around which the impressions 15 extend.
- the rim 3 projects in cantilever fashion from the annular portion 4 on the opposite side of the bottom 6 and is delimited by a surface (not visible in Figure 1 ), facing the hub 2, and by an opposite surface 18, provided with a plurality of annular grooves 20 for coupling with a corresponding cogged belt (in itself known and not illustrated).
- the pulley 1 is obtained with the method forming the subject of the present invention starting from a plane disk 21 made of metal material ( Figure 2 ), for example obtained by blanking from a plane plate or sheet metal.
- Figure 2 a plane disk 21 made of metal material
- the disk 21 defines the aforementioned reference plane P of the future pulley 1.
- a first part of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out using a die 25, within which the disk 21 is positioned.
- the die 25 comprises a first half-die 26, appearing at the bottom in Figures 3 and 4 , and a second half-die 27, facing the half-die 26 and co-operating, in use, with the latter along an axis B.
- the half-dies 26 and 27 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis B by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the disk 21 to be processed, and a closed configuration ( Figure 4 ), in which they co-operate to deform the disk 21 itself and obtain a first semifinished product 28, illustrated in Figure 5 .
- the half-die 26 comprises a base 30 axially projecting from which is a tubular matrix 31 with axis B.
- the matrix 31 has a cylindrical main portion 32 and a free axial end portion 33, tapered towards the half-die 27.
- the end portion 33 is delimited by a plane end surface 34, orthogonal to the axis A, by an inner lateral surface 35, which is shaped like a truncated cone and extends from the internal cylindrical surface of the main portion 32 towards the half-die 27 with progressively increasing diameters, and by an outer lateral surface 36, which is shaped like a truncated cone and extends from the cylindrical outer surface of the main portion 32 towards the half-die 27 with progressively decreasing diameters.
- the inner and outer lateral surfaces 35, 36 converge towards the half-die 27 and have different slopes with respect to the axis B.
- the outer lateral surface 36 has a conicity greater than the conicity of the inner lateral surface 35.
- the outer lateral surface 36 presents a greater slope with respect to the axis B than the inner lateral surface 35.
- the matrix 31 of the half-die 26 has a central hole 38 having a mouth portion 39 tapered towards the base 30, and a cylindrical main portion 40 comprised between the base 30 itself and the mouth portion 39.
- the half-die 27, which appears at the top in Figure 3 basically comprises a supporting wall 41, a central punch 42, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supporting wall 41 and is designed to be inserted in the mouth portion 39 of the hole 38 of the matrix 31 in the closed configuration of the half-dies 26 and 27, and a blank holder 43, having a tubular configuration with axis B, which extends around the punch 42 and is connected to the supporting wall 41 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis B between the supporting wall 41 itself (together with the punch 42) and the blank holder 43.
- the punch 42 has a cylindrical configuration with axis B and terminates axially with a shaped central protuberance 44 designed to be inserted in use in the mouth portion 39 of the hole 38 of the matrix 31.
- the protuberance 44 has a frustoconical conformation with a lateral surface 45 having the same slope as the inner lateral surface 35 of the end portion 33 of the matrix 31.
- the protuberance 44 has, moreover, diameters slightly smaller than the corresponding diameters of the inner lateral surface 35 of the end portion 33 of the matrix 31 so that it may be inserted in the hole 38 of the matrix 31 itself with a given gap defining the thickness of the metal sheet of the resulting semifinished product 28.
- the protuberance 44 is moreover delimited, in the direction of the half-die 26, by a plane end surface 68 radiused to the lateral surface 45 by a rounded edge.
- the blank holder 43 is delimited by a cylindrical outer lateral surface 46 with axis B and by an inner lateral surface 47 having a cylindrical main portion 48 with axis B that co-operates with the punch 42 and a free axial end portion 49 that is shaped like a truncated cone with diameters progressively increasing towards the half-die 26.
- the end portion 49 of the inner lateral surface 47 of the blank holder 43 has the same slope with respect to the axis B as the outer lateral surface 36 of the end portion 33 of the matrix 31.
- the blank holder 43 is elastically connected to the supporting wall 41 by means of one or more spring actuators 50 designed to enable relative axial translation between the blank holder 43 itself and the ensemble formed by the supporting wall 41 and the punch 42.
- the half-die 27 is normally set in a first operating configuration ( Figure 3 ), in which the blank holder 43 is held by the actuators 50 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supporting wall 41.
- the half-die 27 is moreover available, against the action of the actuators 50, in a second operating configuration ( Figure 4 ), in which the blank holder 43 and the supporting wall 41 axially bear upon one another.
- the disk 21 is positioned, with its own axis A aligned with the axis B, between the two half-dies 26 and 27 set in the open configuration.
- the blank holder 43 comes into contact with an annular peripheral portion 51 of the disk 21 and deforms it, bending it towards the base 30 in a direction transverse to the reference plane P until said peripheral portion 51 remains pinched between the outer lateral surface 36 of the end portion 33 of the matrix 31 and the end portion 49 of the inner lateral surface 47 of the blank holder 43.
- the bent peripheral portion 51 of the disk 21 defines a rim in relief of the disk 21 itself.
- the spring actuators 50 are compressed, and the supporting wall 41 and the punch 42 slide axially with respect to the blank holder 43 determining insertion of the punch 42 into the hole 38 of the matrix 31 with consequent deformation, in an axial direction S, of a disk-shaped central portion 52 of the disk 21 so as to generate a first cup-shaped portion 53 projecting from the same part of the rim 59 with respect to the reference plane P.
- the semifinished product 28 obtained in this step is hence formed by the cup-shaped portion 53 with frustoconical annular side wall 69, by the rim 59, which also has a frustoconical conformation but with a slope opposite to that of the side wall of the cup-shaped portion 53, and by an intermediate annular portion 54, which connects together the cup-shaped portion 53 and the rim 59 and extends along the reference plane P.
- the cup-shaped portion 53 ( Figure 5 ) has a plane bottom 70 connected to the side wall 69 by a rounded edge.
- a second part of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out with a die 55, inside which the semifinished product 28 is positioned.
- the die 55 comprises a first half-die 56, appearing at the top in Figure 6 , and a second half-die 57, which faces the half-die 56 and co-operates, in use, with the latter along an axis C.
- the half-dies 56 and 57 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis C by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the semifinished product 28, and a closed configuration ( Figure 6 ), in which they co-operate to deform the semifinished product 28 itself and obtain a second semifinished product 58, illustrated in Figure 7 .
- the half-die 56 comprises a supporting wall 60 axially projecting from which is a matrix 61 with axis C.
- the matrix 61 is constituted by a substantially cylindrical body provided with a central dinking die 62 and has, on the opposite side of the supporting wall 60, a shaped cavity 63, which is designed to define in use the shape of the semifinished product 58 and projecting from which is a cutting end portion of the dinking die 62 itself.
- the cavity 63 has diameters progressively decreasing down to a minimum value in the area from which the dinking die 62 projects.
- the cavity 63 is delimited by a first surface 65 shaped like a truncated cone tapered towards the supporting wall 60, by a second, plane annular, surface 66, which is orthogonal to the axis C and originates from the radially innermost edge of the surface 65, and by a third, rounded, surface 67, which defines the bottom of the cavity 63 itself and which connects the radially innermost edge of the surface 66 to the area from which the dinking die 62 projects.
- the half-die 57 which appears at the bottom in Figure 6 , basically comprises a centrally perforated supporting wall 71, a central punch 72, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supporting wall 71 and is designed to be inserted into the cavity 63 of the matrix 61 in the closed configuration of the half-dies 56 and 57, and a blank holder 73 having a tubular configuration with axis C, which extends around the punch 72 and is connected to the supporting wall 71 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis C between the supporting wall 71 itself (together with the punch 72) and the blank holder 73.
- the punch 72 has a cylindrical configuration with axis C and terminates axially with a central protuberance 74 delimited laterally by a cylindrical surface 75 and at the top by an end surface 76 that is substantially dome-shaped.
- the protuberance 74 has a conformation complementary to that of the surface 67 defining the bottom of the cavity 63 so that it may be inserted in the corresponding stretch of the cavity 63 itself when the half-dies 56 and 57 are reaching the closed configuration.
- the punch 72 is moreover provided at the centre with a through hole 77, which communicates with the central hole of the supporting wall 71 and is designed to be engaged, in the closed configuration of the half-dies 56, 57, by the dinking die 62 for carrying out blanking to obtain a central hole 78 in the semifinished product 58 being machined.
- the blank holder 73 comprises a cylindrical tubular block 79, axially fixed on which in cantilever fashion is an annular forming element 80 set around the punch 72 and in contact with the latter.
- the forming element 80 is delimited by a frustoconical outer lateral surface 81, having a shape complementary to that of the surface 65 of the cavity 63 of the matrix 61, by a plane annular end surface 82, parallel to the surface 66 of the cavity 63 itself, and by a cylindrical inner lateral surface 83, which co-operates by axial sliding with the lateral surface of the punch 72 and is radiused to the radially innermost edge of the end surface 82 by means of a chamfer 84.
- the blank holder 73 is elastically connected to the supporting wall 71 by means of one or more spring actuators 85 designed to enable a relative axial translation between the blank holder 73 itself and the ensemble formed by the supporting wall 71 and the punch 72.
- the half-die 57 is normally set in a first operating configuration (dashed line in Figure 6 ), in which the blank holder 73 is held by the actuators 85 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supporting wall 71.
- the half-die 57 is moreover available, against the action of the actuators 85, in a second operating configuration, in which the blank holder 73 and the supporting wall 71 axially bear upon one another.
- the semifinished product 28 is positioned, with its own axis A aligned with the axis C, between the two half-dies 56 and 57 set in the open configuration.
- the forming element 80 of the blank holder 73 comes into contact, with its own outer lateral surface 81 and with its own end surface 82, with the rim 59 and the annular portion 54 of the semifinished product 28, pressing them against the surfaces 65 and 66 of the cavity 63 and of the matrix 61, respectively.
- the cup-shaped portion 86 hence remains pinched between the protuberance 74 and the stretch of the cavity 63 delimited by the surface 67, thus assuming the conformation of the surfaces with which it co-operates, i.e., assuming a substantially dome-shaped conformation.
- the semifinished product 58 ( Figure 7 ) obtained in the die 55 is thus formed by the cup-shaped portion 86, by the rim 59, by the intermediate annular portion 54, which extends along the reference plane P, and by a further annular portion 87, which has a cross section approximately shaped like a U with rounded edges and which connects the radially innermost edge of the annular portion 54 with the axial end edge of the cup-shaped portion 86.
- the cup-shaped portion 53 is transformed into the cup-shaped portion 86 and into the annular portion 87 of connection of the cup-shaped portion 86 itself with the annular portion 54. Consequently, in this operation, a major part of the material constituting the semifinished product 28 is displaced towards the centre of the semifinished product 28 itself. In this step, there is also obtained a reduction of the axial height of the initial cup-shaped portion 53 with respect to the reference plane P, which remains basically defined by the annular portion 87.
- the next step of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out using a die 90, positioned inside which is the semifinished product 58.
- the die 90 comprises a first half-die 91, appearing at the bottom in Figure 8 , and a second half-die 92, which faces the half-die 91 and co-operates, in use, with the latter along an axis D.
- the half-dies 91 and 92 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis D by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the semifinished product 58, and a closed configuration ( Figure 8 ), in which they co-operate to deform the semifinished product 58 itself and obtain a further semifinished product 93, illustrated in Figure 9 .
- the half-die 91 comprises a supporting wall 94 axially projecting from which is a matrix 95 with axis D.
- the matrix 95 is constituted by a number of parts fixed together, for example by means of screws, and joined to the supporting wall 94, also in this case by means of screws.
- the matrix 95 has a conformation very similar to that of the ensemble constituted by the punch 72 and the blank holder 73 of the half-die 57 set in the second operating configuration.
- the matrix 95 basically comprises a central core 96 having a conformation similar to that of the punch 72 but without any central hole, and an outer tubular body 97, which extends around the core 96 and has a conformation similar to that of the blank holder 73.
- the core 96 is constituted by a substantially cylindrical body with axis D and terminates axially with a central protuberance 98, which is similar to the protuberance 74 but has an axial height smaller than that of the latter.
- the protuberance 98 is delimited by a substantially dome-shaped surface 99 and projects from a plane annular end surface 100 of the core 96.
- the outer body 97 in a way similar to the blank holder 73, comprises a cylindrical tubular block 101, axially fixed on which in cantilever fashion is an annular forming element 102 arranged around the core 96 and in contact with the latter.
- the forming element 102 is delimited by a frustoconical outer lateral surface 103, by a plane annular end surface 104, which is orthogonal to the axis A, and by a cylindrical inner lateral surface 105, which co-operates with the lateral surface of the core 96 and is radiused to the radially innermost edge of the end surface 104 by means of a stretch 106 having a cross section shaped substantially like an L so as to generate a sort of step between the surfaces 104 and 105 themselves.
- the half-die 92 appearing at the top in Figure 8 , basically comprises a supporting wall 107, a central punch 108 with axis D, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supporting wall 107 and is designed to co-operate with the semifinished product 58 on the opposite side of the matrix 95 in the closed configuration of the half-dies 91 and 92, and a blank holder 109 having a tubular configuration with axis D, which extends around the punch 108 and is connected to the supporting wall 107 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis D between the supporting wall 107 itself (together with the punch 108) and the blank holder 109.
- the punch 108 is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body having, on the opposite side of the supporting wall 107, a shaped surface 110 having a shape complementary to that of the surfaces 99, 100 of the core 96 of the matrix 95 and to that of the stretch 106 and of part of the end surface 104 of the forming element 102.
- the blank holder 109 has a cylindrical external configuration and co-operates by sliding with the punch 108 along an internal surface 111 thereof.
- the blank holder 109 moreover has, on the opposite side of the supporting wall 107, a shaped surface 112 having a shape complementary to that of the outer lateral surface 103 and to the remaining part of the end surface 104 of the forming element 102, which does not co-operate with the punch 108.
- the blank holder 109 is elastically connected to the supporting wall 107 by means of one or more spring actuators 115 designed to enable a relative axial translation between the blank holder 109 itself and the ensemble formed by the supporting wall 107 and the punch 108.
- the half-die 92 is normally set in a first operating configuration (not illustrated), in which the blank holder 109 is held by the actuators 115 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supporting wall 107.
- the half-die 92 is moreover available, against the action of the actuators 115, in a second operating configuration ( Figure 8 ), in which the blank holder 109 and the supporting wall 107 axially bear upon one another.
- the semifinished product 58 is positioned, with its own axis A aligned with the axis D, between the two half-dies 91 and 92 set in the open configuration.
- the blank holder 109 comes into contact, with its own shaped surface 112, with the rim 59 and the annular portion 54 of the semifinished product 58, which remain consequently pinched between the blank holder 109 itself and the outer lateral surface 103 and end surface 104 of the forming element 102 of the matrix 95.
- the spring actuators 115 are compressed and the supporting wall 107 and the punch 108 slide axially with respect to the blank holder 109, determining the axial thrust of the punch 108 in the direction S on the cup-shaped portion 86, the axial height of which is reduced.
- the cup-shaped portion 86 is pressed by the shaped surface 110 of the punch 108 on the protuberance 98 of the core 96 of the matrix 95 so as to reproduce the shape.
- the shaped surface 110 of the punch 108 acts on the annular portion 87 of the semifinished product 58 pressing it against the step-shaped stretch 106 of the forming element 102, against the part of the end surface 104 of the forming element 102 itself adjacent to the aforesaid stretch 106 and against the end surface 100 of the core 96 of the matrix 95.
- the annular portion 87 maintains the U-shaped profile but has edges that are more "squared".
- the axial height of the cup-shaped portion 86 with respect to the reference plane P is reduced with simultaneous increase of its thickness as compared to the remaining part of the semifinished product 93 thus obtained.
- the semifinished product 93 maintains the same structure as the semifinished product 58, but differs from the latter basically in that it presents a cup-shaped portion 86 having a smaller axial height with respect to the reference plane P and an increased thickness with respect to the remaining part of the semifinished product 93 itself. Said cup-shaped portion 86 still has a dome-shaped conformation. Moreover, as highlighted above, the annular portion 87 maintains the U-shaped profile but has edges that are more "squared".
- the next step of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out using a die 120, positioned inside which is the semifinished product 93.
- the die 120 comprises a first half-die 121, appearing at the bottom in Figure 10 , and a second half-die 122, which faces the half-die 121 and co-operates, in use, with the latter along an axis E.
- the half-dies 121, 122 have the same structure as the half-dies 91, 92, respectively, and will be described in what follows only as regards what differs from the latter. Parts that are the same as or equivalent to parts already described will be designated by the same reference numbers.
- the half-die 121 differs from the half-die 91 basically in that the protuberance 98 of the core 96 of the matrix 95 is delimited by a cylindrical surface 123 with axis E, axially projecting in cantilever fashion from the plane annular end surface 100 of the core 96 itself.
- the half-die 122 differs from the half-die 92 basically in that the punch 108 is delimited, on the opposite side of the supporting wall 107, by a shaped surface 124 having, on the protuberance 99 of the matrix 95, a shape complementary to that of the surface 123; i.e., it is shaped like a cylindrical cup.
- the cup-shaped portion 86 of the semifinished product 93 is pressed by the shaped surface 124 of the punch 108 itself on the protuberance 98 of the core 96 of the matrix 95 so as to reproduce the shape.
- the cup-shaped portion 86 assumes a cylindrical conformation with plane bottom so as to define the cup-shaped central portion 5 of the hub 2 of the pulley 1.
- the annular portion 87 defines, instead, the bridge element 10 of the pulley 1, and the annular portion 54 defines the similar annular portion 4 of the pulley 1 itself.
- a semifinished product 125 is consequently obtained ( Figure 11 ), which differs from the final pulley 1 in that the rim 59 has a frustoconical and non-cylindrical conformation and is without annular grooves, and in that the hub 2 is without the impressions 15 along the bottom 6.
- the rim 59 is bent further to assume a cylindrical conformation. Moreover, on the radially outermost surface 18 of the rim 3 thus obtained the annular grooves 20 are provided by means of a rolling operation, in itself known and not illustrated.
- the pulley 1 is subjected to a coining operation with a die 130 ( Figure 12 ) to obtain the impressions 15 on the surface 13 of the bottom 6, i.e., on the surface of the cup-shaped portion 86 that is parallel to the reference plane P and faces the opposite side of the reference plane P itself.
- the die 130 comprises a first half-die 131, appearing at the bottom in Figure 12 , and a second half-die 132, facing the half-die 131 and co-operating, in use, with the latter along an axis F.
- the half-dies 131 and 132 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis F by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the pulley 1, and a closed configuration ( Figure 12 ), in which they co-operate to obtain the impressions 15 on the surface 13 of the bottom of the central portion 5 or of the cup-shaped portion 86.
- the half-die 131 comprises a supporting wall 134 and a matrix 135, which is fixed to the supporting wall 134 by means of screws (not illustrated) and axially projects in cantilever fashion from the supporting wall 134 itself.
- the matrix 135 has a cylindrical configuration and has a shaped end surface 136 facing the half-die 132 and having a shape complementary to that of the pulley 1 on the side opposite to that of the surface 13. In this way, the pulley 1 may be fitted on the end surface 136 of the matrix 135.
- the matrix 135 is moreover provided with a plurality of through holes 137, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis F and communicate with a through opening 138 of the supporting wall 134.
- the function of the holes 137 will be clarified in what follows.
- the half-die 132 appearing at the top in Figure 12 , basically comprises a supporting wall 139, a central coining tool 140 with axis F, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supporting wall 139 and is designed to co-operate with the surface 13 of the bottom 6 of the pulley 1, and a blank holder 141 having a tubular configuration with axis F, which extends around the coining tool 140 and is connected to the supporting wall 139 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis F between the supporting wall 139 itself (together with the coining tool 140) and the blank holder 141.
- the coining tool 140 terminates, towards the matrix 135, with a cylindrical body 142 delimited by a shaped end surface 143, which is designed to co-operate with the surface 13 of the bottom 6 of the pulley 1 and is provided with a plurality of moulds 144 ( Figure 13 ) having substantially the shape of petals of a daisy evenly distributed about the axis F.
- the coining tool 140 is moreover provided with a plurality of dinking dies 148 extending around the cylindrical body 142, which project towards the half-die 131 and are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis F.
- the dinking dies 148 are designed to engage the respective holes 137 of the matrix 135.
- the blank holder 141 has a cylindrical external configuration and co-operates by sliding with the coining tool 140 along an inner surface thereof.
- the blank holder 141 moreover has, on the opposite side of the supporting wall 139, a shaped surface 145 having a shape complementary to that of the bridge element 10 and of the annular portion 4 of the pulley 1 on the side of the surface 13.
- the blank holder 141 is elastically connected to the supporting wall 139 by means of one or more spring actuators 146, which are designed to enable a relative axial translation between the blank holder 141 itself and the ensemble formed by the supporting wall 139 and the coining tool 140.
- the half-die 132 is normally arranged in a first operating configuration (not illustrated), in which the blank holder 141 is held by the actuators 146 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supporting wall 139.
- the half-die 132 is moreover available, against the action of the actuators 146, in a second operating configuration ( Figure 12 ), in which the blank holder 141 and the supporting wall 139 axially bear upon one another.
- the blank holder 141 is moreover provided with a plurality of through holes, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis F and are slidably engaged by the respective dinking dies 148 of the coining tool 140 in such a way that the cutting end portions of the dinking dies 148 themselves will come out of the shaped surface 145 in the second operating configuration of the half-die 132.
- the pulley 1 is positioned, with its own axis A sharing the axis F, between the two half-dies 131 and 132 arranged in the open configuration.
- the blank holder 141 comes into contact, with its own shaped surface 145, with the bridge element 10 and the annular portion 4 of the pulley 1, which remain consequently pinched between the blank holder 141 itself and the matrix 135.
- the moulds 144 of the coining tool 140 are brought into contact with the surface 13 of the bottom 6 of the pulley 1.
- the bottom 6 remains consequently pressed between the matrix 135 and the coining tool 140 in such a way that the moulds 144 of the coining tool 140 themselves will produce the impressions 15 on the surface 13.
- the method described enables the pulley 1 to be obtained starting from a relatively thin disk 21.
- the various operations carried out on the disk 21 (creation of the cup-shaped portions 28 and 86) enable displacement of material from the periphery of the disk 21 itself towards the central area, where it will then be necessary to have a certain thickness of the sheet metal to be able to obtain the impressions 15 by coining.
- the disks 21 are blanked from a sheet metal, the smaller the thickness of the starting disk, the smaller the amount of material that will have to be rejected between one disk and the adjacent ones.
- the method described requires a relatively short cycle time and makes it possible to produce the pulley 1 by plastic deformation, hence without generation of swarf.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Pulleys (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a pulley made of metal material for motor vehicle applications.
- Known to the art are pulleys of the type specified above formed, in a single piece, by a hub, a cylindrical rim extending around the hub, and a disk-shaped annular portion for connection between the rim and the hub, which usually has a plane conformation.
- In particular, the hub comprises a central portion shaped like a cylindrical cup having a disk-shaped bottom, which extends parallel to the annular portion.
- The central portion of the hub further comprises a cylindrical side wall, which extends through the annular portion and has an axial end edge opposite to the bottom and projecting with respect to the annular portion from the opposite side of the bottom itself. The end edge is connected to the annular portion via a bridge element, which is also annular and has, in cross section, a U-shaped profile. The bridge element is moreover provided with a plurality of through holes, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis of the pulley and are designed to enable connection of the pulley itself to the engine shaft.
- The bottom of the central portion of the hub is delimited, on the side opposite to the one facing the inside of the central portion itself, by a surface bearing a plurality of impressions that are provided by coining and that resemble the petals of a daisy evenly distributed about the axis of the pulley.
- The aforesaid impressions are designed to couple with complementary projections made on a flange of a corresponding shaft, which may in turn be coupled to the hub for imparting motion on the latter or receiving motion therefrom.
- The bottom of the central portion of the hub is moreover provided with an axial through hole, around which the aforesaid impressions extend.
- The rim projects in cantilever fashion from the annular portion on the opposite side of the bottom and is delimited by a surface facing the hub and by an opposite surface provided with a plurality of annular grooves for coupling with a corresponding cogged belt.
- On account of the need to provide on the bottom of the hub the impressions for connection of the pulley to the engine shaft, it is necessary for said bottom to have a thickness not less than a given threshold value; otherwise, it would not be possible to carry out the aforesaid coining operation. The other areas of the pulley may, instead, present thicknesses well below that of the bottom.
- All this inevitably entails, with the known machining methods, considerable amounts of waste material, with consequent relatively high costs of production of the aforesaid pulleys.
- The aim of the present invention is hence to provide a method that will enable manufacture of a pulley of the type described above at reduced costs and minimizing waste of material.
- The above aim is achieved by the present invention in so far as it relates to a method for manufacturing a pulley for motor vehicle applications, as defined in
Claim 1. - For a better understanding of the present invention a preferred embodiment is now described, purely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:
-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pulley for motor vehicle applications obtained according to the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the starting product used in the method according to the present invention; -
Figures 3 and 4 are axial sectional views, with parts removed for reasons of clarity, of a first die, in two different operating conditions, for carrying out a part of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 5 is a perspective view of a first semifinished product that may be obtained using the die ofFigures 3 and 4 in the course of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 6 is an axial sectional view, with parts removed for reasons of clarity, of a second die for carrying out another part of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 7 is a perspective view of a second semifinished product that may be obtained using the die ofFigure 6 in the course of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 8 is an axial sectional view, with parts removed for reasons of clarity, of a third die for carrying out a further part of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 9 is a perspective view of a third semifinished product that may be obtained using the die ofFigure 8 in the course of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 10 is an axial sectional view, with parts removed for reasons of clarity, of a fourth die for carrying out a further part of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 11 is a perspective view of a fourth semifinished product that may be obtained using the die ofFigure 10 in the course of the method forming the subject of the present invention; -
Figure 12 is an axial sectional view, with parts removed for reasons of clarity, of a fifth die for carrying out a further part of the method forming the subject of the present invention; and -
Figure 13 is an axial sectional view, at an enlarged scale and with parts removed for reasons of clarity, of a portion of the final pulley being processed in the die ofFigure 12 . - In
Figure 1 designated as a whole by 1 is a pulley obtained according to the method forming the subject of the present invention. - The
pulley 1 has an axis A and comprises, in a single piece, ahub 2, acylindrical rim 3 extending around thehub 2, and an annular disk-shaped portion 4 for connection between therim 3 and thehub 2. Theannular portion 4 has a plane conformation and defines a reference plane P of thepulley 1, orthogonal to the axis A. - The
hub 2 comprises acentral portion 5 shaped like a cylindrical cup having a disk-shaped bottom 6, extending parallel to theannular portion 4 and to the reference plane P at a pre-set distance therefrom. - The
central portion 5 of thehub 2 further comprises acylindrical side wall 7 with axis A, which extends through theannular portion 4 and the reference plane P and has anaxial end edge 8 opposite to thebottom 6 and projecting with respect to theannular portion 4 from the opposite side of thebottom 6 itself. Theend edge 8 is connected to theannular portion 4 via abridge element 10, which is also annular and has, in cross section, a U-shaped profile; thebridge element 10 is moreover provided with a plurality of throughholes 11, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis A. - The
bottom 6 of thecentral portion 5 of thehub 2 is delimited by a surface (not visible inFigure 1 ) facing the inside of theside wall 7, and by anopposite surface 13, bearing a plurality ofimpressions 15 provided by coining, that resemble the petals of a daisy and are evenly distributed about the axis A. - The
impressions 15 enable coupling with projections of a complementary shape made on a flange of a corresponding shaft (in itself known and not illustrated), which is to couple with thehub 2 for imparting motion on the latter or receiving motion therefrom. - Preferably, a petal-shaped portion of the
surface 13 of thebottom 6 may be excluded from the coining operation in such a way that, in use, it may function as angular reference key in order to set the engine that drives the aforementioned shaft in phase. - The
bottom 6 of thecentral portion 5 of thehub 2 is moreover provided with an axial throughhole 16, around which theimpressions 15 extend. - The
rim 3 projects in cantilever fashion from theannular portion 4 on the opposite side of thebottom 6 and is delimited by a surface (not visible inFigure 1 ), facing thehub 2, and by anopposite surface 18, provided with a plurality ofannular grooves 20 for coupling with a corresponding cogged belt (in itself known and not illustrated). - The
pulley 1 is obtained with the method forming the subject of the present invention starting from aplane disk 21 made of metal material (Figure 2 ), for example obtained by blanking from a plane plate or sheet metal. For convenience of description, it is assumed that thedisk 21 defines the aforementioned reference plane P of thefuture pulley 1. - With reference to
Figures 3 and 4 , a first part of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out using adie 25, within which thedisk 21 is positioned. - In particular, the die 25 comprises a first half-
die 26, appearing at the bottom inFigures 3 and 4 , and a second half-die 27, facing the half-die 26 and co-operating, in use, with the latter along an axis B. - In greater detail, the half-
dies disk 21 to be processed, and a closed configuration (Figure 4 ), in which they co-operate to deform thedisk 21 itself and obtain a firstsemifinished product 28, illustrated inFigure 5 . - More precisely, the half-
die 26 comprises abase 30 axially projecting from which is atubular matrix 31 with axis B. Thematrix 31 has a cylindricalmain portion 32 and a freeaxial end portion 33, tapered towards the half-die 27. In practice, theend portion 33 is delimited by aplane end surface 34, orthogonal to the axis A, by an innerlateral surface 35, which is shaped like a truncated cone and extends from the internal cylindrical surface of themain portion 32 towards the half-die 27 with progressively increasing diameters, and by an outerlateral surface 36, which is shaped like a truncated cone and extends from the cylindrical outer surface of themain portion 32 towards the half-die 27 with progressively decreasing diameters. The inner and outerlateral surfaces die 27 and have different slopes with respect to the axis B. In the case in point illustrated, the outerlateral surface 36 has a conicity greater than the conicity of the innerlateral surface 35. In other words, the outerlateral surface 36 presents a greater slope with respect to the axis B than the innerlateral surface 35. - In practice, the
matrix 31 of the half-die 26 has acentral hole 38 having amouth portion 39 tapered towards thebase 30, and a cylindricalmain portion 40 comprised between thebase 30 itself and themouth portion 39. - The half-
die 27, which appears at the top inFigure 3 , basically comprises a supportingwall 41, acentral punch 42, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supportingwall 41 and is designed to be inserted in themouth portion 39 of thehole 38 of thematrix 31 in the closed configuration of the half-dies blank holder 43, having a tubular configuration with axis B, which extends around thepunch 42 and is connected to the supportingwall 41 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis B between the supportingwall 41 itself (together with the punch 42) and theblank holder 43. - In particular, the
punch 42 has a cylindrical configuration with axis B and terminates axially with a shapedcentral protuberance 44 designed to be inserted in use in themouth portion 39 of thehole 38 of thematrix 31. In greater detail, theprotuberance 44 has a frustoconical conformation with alateral surface 45 having the same slope as the innerlateral surface 35 of theend portion 33 of thematrix 31. Theprotuberance 44 has, moreover, diameters slightly smaller than the corresponding diameters of the innerlateral surface 35 of theend portion 33 of thematrix 31 so that it may be inserted in thehole 38 of thematrix 31 itself with a given gap defining the thickness of the metal sheet of the resultingsemifinished product 28. - The
protuberance 44 is moreover delimited, in the direction of the half-die 26, by a plane end surface 68 radiused to thelateral surface 45 by a rounded edge. - The
blank holder 43 is delimited by a cylindrical outerlateral surface 46 with axis B and by an innerlateral surface 47 having a cylindricalmain portion 48 with axis B that co-operates with thepunch 42 and a freeaxial end portion 49 that is shaped like a truncated cone with diameters progressively increasing towards the half-die 26. In particular, theend portion 49 of the innerlateral surface 47 of theblank holder 43 has the same slope with respect to the axis B as the outerlateral surface 36 of theend portion 33 of thematrix 31. - The
blank holder 43 is elastically connected to the supportingwall 41 by means of one ormore spring actuators 50 designed to enable relative axial translation between theblank holder 43 itself and the ensemble formed by the supportingwall 41 and thepunch 42. - In particular, the half-
die 27 is normally set in a first operating configuration (Figure 3 ), in which theblank holder 43 is held by theactuators 50 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supportingwall 41. The half-die 27 is moreover available, against the action of theactuators 50, in a second operating configuration (Figure 4 ), in which theblank holder 43 and the supportingwall 41 axially bear upon one another. - The
disk 21 is positioned, with its own axis A aligned with the axis B, between the two half-dies dies blank holder 43 comes into contact with an annularperipheral portion 51 of thedisk 21 and deforms it, bending it towards thebase 30 in a direction transverse to the reference plane P until saidperipheral portion 51 remains pinched between the outerlateral surface 36 of theend portion 33 of thematrix 31 and theend portion 49 of the innerlateral surface 47 of theblank holder 43. The bentperipheral portion 51 of thedisk 21 defines a rim in relief of thedisk 21 itself. - As the relative axial motion between the two half-
dies spring actuators 50 are compressed, and the supportingwall 41 and thepunch 42 slide axially with respect to theblank holder 43 determining insertion of thepunch 42 into thehole 38 of thematrix 31 with consequent deformation, in an axial direction S, of a disk-shapedcentral portion 52 of thedisk 21 so as to generate a first cup-shaped portion 53 projecting from the same part of therim 59 with respect to the reference plane P. - The
semifinished product 28 obtained in this step is hence formed by the cup-shaped portion 53 with frustoconicalannular side wall 69, by therim 59, which also has a frustoconical conformation but with a slope opposite to that of the side wall of the cup-shaped portion 53, and by an intermediateannular portion 54, which connects together the cup-shaped portion 53 and therim 59 and extends along the reference plane P. The cup-shaped portion 53 (Figure 5 ) has a plane bottom 70 connected to theside wall 69 by a rounded edge. - With reference to
Figure 6 , a second part of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out with a die 55, inside which thesemifinished product 28 is positioned. - In particular, the
die 55 comprises a first half-die 56, appearing at the top inFigure 6 , and a second half-die 57, which faces the half-die 56 and co-operates, in use, with the latter along an axis C. - In greater detail, the half-dies 56 and 57 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis C by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the
semifinished product 28, and a closed configuration (Figure 6 ), in which they co-operate to deform thesemifinished product 28 itself and obtain a secondsemifinished product 58, illustrated inFigure 7 . - More precisely, the half-die 56 comprises a supporting
wall 60 axially projecting from which is amatrix 61 with axis C. Thematrix 61 is constituted by a substantially cylindrical body provided with a central dinking die 62 and has, on the opposite side of the supportingwall 60, a shapedcavity 63, which is designed to define in use the shape of thesemifinished product 58 and projecting from which is a cutting end portion of the dinking die 62 itself. - Proceeding along the axis C starting from a
plane end surface 64 of thematrix 61 opposite to the supportingwall 60, thecavity 63 has diameters progressively decreasing down to a minimum value in the area from which the dinking die 62 projects. In particular, proceeding along the axis C from theend surface 64 to the dinking die 62, thecavity 63 is delimited by afirst surface 65 shaped like a truncated cone tapered towards the supportingwall 60, by a second, plane annular,surface 66, which is orthogonal to the axis C and originates from the radially innermost edge of thesurface 65, and by a third, rounded,surface 67, which defines the bottom of thecavity 63 itself and which connects the radially innermost edge of thesurface 66 to the area from which the dinking die 62 projects. - The half-
die 57, which appears at the bottom inFigure 6 , basically comprises a centrally perforated supportingwall 71, acentral punch 72, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supportingwall 71 and is designed to be inserted into thecavity 63 of thematrix 61 in the closed configuration of the half-dies 56 and 57, and ablank holder 73 having a tubular configuration with axis C, which extends around thepunch 72 and is connected to the supportingwall 71 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis C between the supportingwall 71 itself (together with the punch 72) and theblank holder 73. - In particular, the
punch 72 has a cylindrical configuration with axis C and terminates axially with acentral protuberance 74 delimited laterally by acylindrical surface 75 and at the top by anend surface 76 that is substantially dome-shaped. - The
protuberance 74 has a conformation complementary to that of thesurface 67 defining the bottom of thecavity 63 so that it may be inserted in the corresponding stretch of thecavity 63 itself when the half-dies 56 and 57 are reaching the closed configuration. - The
punch 72 is moreover provided at the centre with a throughhole 77, which communicates with the central hole of the supportingwall 71 and is designed to be engaged, in the closed configuration of the half-dies 56, 57, by the dinking die 62 for carrying out blanking to obtain acentral hole 78 in thesemifinished product 58 being machined. - The
blank holder 73 comprises a cylindricaltubular block 79, axially fixed on which in cantilever fashion is an annular formingelement 80 set around thepunch 72 and in contact with the latter. - In particular, the forming
element 80 is delimited by a frustoconical outerlateral surface 81, having a shape complementary to that of thesurface 65 of thecavity 63 of thematrix 61, by a planeannular end surface 82, parallel to thesurface 66 of thecavity 63 itself, and by a cylindrical innerlateral surface 83, which co-operates by axial sliding with the lateral surface of thepunch 72 and is radiused to the radially innermost edge of theend surface 82 by means of achamfer 84. - The
blank holder 73 is elastically connected to the supportingwall 71 by means of one ormore spring actuators 85 designed to enable a relative axial translation between theblank holder 73 itself and the ensemble formed by the supportingwall 71 and thepunch 72. - In particular, the half-die 57 is normally set in a first operating configuration (dashed line in
Figure 6 ), in which theblank holder 73 is held by theactuators 85 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supportingwall 71. The half-die 57 is moreover available, against the action of theactuators 85, in a second operating configuration, in which theblank holder 73 and the supportingwall 71 axially bear upon one another. - The
semifinished product 28 is positioned, with its own axis A aligned with the axis C, between the two half-dies 56 and 57 set in the open configuration. During the movement of relative approach between the two half-dies 56 and 57, the formingelement 80 of theblank holder 73 comes into contact, with its own outerlateral surface 81 and with itsown end surface 82, with therim 59 and theannular portion 54 of thesemifinished product 28, pressing them against thesurfaces cavity 63 and of thematrix 61, respectively. - As the relative axial motion between the two half-dies 56 and 57 proceeds, the
spring actuators 85 are compressed, and the supportingwall 71 and thepunch 72 slide axially with respect to theblank holder 73 determining insertion of thepunch 72 in the stretch of thecavity 63 delimited by thesurface 67. In this way, a central disk-shaped portion of the cup-shapedportion 53 is deformed in an axial direction T, opposite to the direction S so as to generate a further cup-shapedportion 86 axially projecting from the opposite side of the reference plane P with respect to therim 59. - The cup-shaped
portion 86 hence remains pinched between theprotuberance 74 and the stretch of thecavity 63 delimited by thesurface 67, thus assuming the conformation of the surfaces with which it co-operates, i.e., assuming a substantially dome-shaped conformation. - During the axial thrust produced by the
punch 72 in the direction T on thesemifinished product 28, the latter comes into contact, at its own central area, with the dinking die 62, which produces thehole 78. the blanked part is then expelled through thehole 77 of thepunch 72 and the corresponding hole of the supportingwall 71. - The semifinished product 58 (
Figure 7 ) obtained in thedie 55 is thus formed by the cup-shapedportion 86, by therim 59, by the intermediateannular portion 54, which extends along the reference plane P, and by a furtherannular portion 87, which has a cross section approximately shaped like a U with rounded edges and which connects the radially innermost edge of theannular portion 54 with the axial end edge of the cup-shapedportion 86. - It is to be noted that, during the moulding operation carried out in the
die 55, the cup-shapedportion 53 is transformed into the cup-shapedportion 86 and into theannular portion 87 of connection of the cup-shapedportion 86 itself with theannular portion 54. Consequently, in this operation, a major part of the material constituting thesemifinished product 28 is displaced towards the centre of thesemifinished product 28 itself. In this step, there is also obtained a reduction of the axial height of the initial cup-shapedportion 53 with respect to the reference plane P, which remains basically defined by theannular portion 87. - With reference to
Figure 8 , the next step of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out using adie 90, positioned inside which is thesemifinished product 58. - In particular, the
die 90 comprises a first half-die 91, appearing at the bottom inFigure 8 , and a second half-die 92, which faces the half-die 91 and co-operates, in use, with the latter along an axis D. - In greater detail, the half-dies 91 and 92 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis D by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the
semifinished product 58, and a closed configuration (Figure 8 ), in which they co-operate to deform thesemifinished product 58 itself and obtain a furthersemifinished product 93, illustrated inFigure 9 . - More precisely, the half-die 91 comprises a supporting
wall 94 axially projecting from which is amatrix 95 with axis D. Thematrix 95 is constituted by a number of parts fixed together, for example by means of screws, and joined to the supportingwall 94, also in this case by means of screws. - As may be noted from a comparison between
Figures 6 and8 , thematrix 95 has a conformation very similar to that of the ensemble constituted by thepunch 72 and theblank holder 73 of the half-die 57 set in the second operating configuration. In particular, thematrix 95 basically comprises acentral core 96 having a conformation similar to that of thepunch 72 but without any central hole, and an outertubular body 97, which extends around thecore 96 and has a conformation similar to that of theblank holder 73. - In detail, the
core 96 is constituted by a substantially cylindrical body with axis D and terminates axially with acentral protuberance 98, which is similar to theprotuberance 74 but has an axial height smaller than that of the latter. In this case, theprotuberance 98 is delimited by a substantially dome-shapedsurface 99 and projects from a planeannular end surface 100 of thecore 96. - The
outer body 97, in a way similar to theblank holder 73, comprises a cylindricaltubular block 101, axially fixed on which in cantilever fashion is an annular formingelement 102 arranged around thecore 96 and in contact with the latter. - In particular, the forming
element 102 is delimited by a frustoconical outerlateral surface 103, by a planeannular end surface 104, which is orthogonal to the axis A, and by a cylindrical innerlateral surface 105, which co-operates with the lateral surface of thecore 96 and is radiused to the radially innermost edge of theend surface 104 by means of astretch 106 having a cross section shaped substantially like an L so as to generate a sort of step between thesurfaces - The half-
die 92, appearing at the top inFigure 8 , basically comprises a supportingwall 107, acentral punch 108 with axis D, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supportingwall 107 and is designed to co-operate with thesemifinished product 58 on the opposite side of thematrix 95 in the closed configuration of the half-dies 91 and 92, and ablank holder 109 having a tubular configuration with axis D, which extends around thepunch 108 and is connected to the supportingwall 107 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis D between the supportingwall 107 itself (together with the punch 108) and theblank holder 109. - In particular, the
punch 108 is constituted by an approximately cylindrical body having, on the opposite side of the supportingwall 107, ashaped surface 110 having a shape complementary to that of thesurfaces core 96 of thematrix 95 and to that of thestretch 106 and of part of theend surface 104 of the formingelement 102. - The
blank holder 109 has a cylindrical external configuration and co-operates by sliding with thepunch 108 along aninternal surface 111 thereof. Theblank holder 109 moreover has, on the opposite side of the supportingwall 107, ashaped surface 112 having a shape complementary to that of the outerlateral surface 103 and to the remaining part of theend surface 104 of the formingelement 102, which does not co-operate with thepunch 108. - The
blank holder 109 is elastically connected to the supportingwall 107 by means of one ormore spring actuators 115 designed to enable a relative axial translation between theblank holder 109 itself and the ensemble formed by the supportingwall 107 and thepunch 108. - In particular, the half-die 92 is normally set in a first operating configuration (not illustrated), in which the
blank holder 109 is held by theactuators 115 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supportingwall 107. The half-die 92 is moreover available, against the action of theactuators 115, in a second operating configuration (Figure 8 ), in which theblank holder 109 and the supportingwall 107 axially bear upon one another. - The
semifinished product 58 is positioned, with its own axis A aligned with the axis D, between the two half-dies 91 and 92 set in the open configuration. During the movement of relative approach between the two half-dies 91 and 92, theblank holder 109 comes into contact, with its own shapedsurface 112, with therim 59 and theannular portion 54 of thesemifinished product 58, which remain consequently pinched between theblank holder 109 itself and the outerlateral surface 103 andend surface 104 of the formingelement 102 of thematrix 95. - As the relative axial motion between the two half-dies 91 and 92 proceeds, the
spring actuators 115 are compressed and the supportingwall 107 and thepunch 108 slide axially with respect to theblank holder 109, determining the axial thrust of thepunch 108 in the direction S on the cup-shapedportion 86, the axial height of which is reduced. In practice, the cup-shapedportion 86 is pressed by the shapedsurface 110 of thepunch 108 on theprotuberance 98 of thecore 96 of thematrix 95 so as to reproduce the shape. At the same time, the shapedsurface 110 of thepunch 108 acts on theannular portion 87 of thesemifinished product 58 pressing it against the step-shapedstretch 106 of the formingelement 102, against the part of theend surface 104 of the formingelement 102 itself adjacent to theaforesaid stretch 106 and against theend surface 100 of thecore 96 of thematrix 95. As a result of this action, theannular portion 87 maintains the U-shaped profile but has edges that are more "squared". - During the moulding operation carried out in the
die 90, the axial height of the cup-shapedportion 86 with respect to the reference plane P is reduced with simultaneous increase of its thickness as compared to the remaining part of thesemifinished product 93 thus obtained. - Consequently, the
semifinished product 93 maintains the same structure as thesemifinished product 58, but differs from the latter basically in that it presents a cup-shapedportion 86 having a smaller axial height with respect to the reference plane P and an increased thickness with respect to the remaining part of thesemifinished product 93 itself. Said cup-shapedportion 86 still has a dome-shaped conformation. Moreover, as highlighted above, theannular portion 87 maintains the U-shaped profile but has edges that are more "squared". - With reference to
Figure 10 , the next step of the method forming the subject of the invention is carried out using adie 120, positioned inside which is thesemifinished product 93. - In particular, the
die 120 comprises a first half-die 121, appearing at the bottom inFigure 10 , and a second half-die 122, which faces the half-die 121 and co-operates, in use, with the latter along an axis E. - The half-dies 121, 122 have the same structure as the half-dies 91, 92, respectively, and will be described in what follows only as regards what differs from the latter. Parts that are the same as or equivalent to parts already described will be designated by the same reference numbers.
- In detail, the half-die 121 differs from the half-die 91 basically in that the
protuberance 98 of thecore 96 of thematrix 95 is delimited by acylindrical surface 123 with axis E, axially projecting in cantilever fashion from the planeannular end surface 100 of the core 96 itself. - In an altogether equivalent way, the half-die 122 differs from the half-die 92 basically in that the
punch 108 is delimited, on the opposite side of the supportingwall 107, by ashaped surface 124 having, on theprotuberance 99 of thematrix 95, a shape complementary to that of thesurface 123; i.e., it is shaped like a cylindrical cup. - Operation of the
die 120 is identical to that of thedie 90 and is not repeated here. In this case, during descent of thepunch 108 in the axial direction S and with respect to theblank holder 109, the cup-shapedportion 86 of thesemifinished product 93 is pressed by the shapedsurface 124 of thepunch 108 itself on theprotuberance 98 of thecore 96 of thematrix 95 so as to reproduce the shape. In this way, the cup-shapedportion 86 assumes a cylindrical conformation with plane bottom so as to define the cup-shapedcentral portion 5 of thehub 2 of thepulley 1. Theannular portion 87 defines, instead, thebridge element 10 of thepulley 1, and theannular portion 54 defines the similarannular portion 4 of thepulley 1 itself. - At the end of the operation carried out with the die 120 a semifinished product 125 is consequently obtained (
Figure 11 ), which differs from thefinal pulley 1 in that therim 59 has a frustoconical and non-cylindrical conformation and is without annular grooves, and in that thehub 2 is without theimpressions 15 along thebottom 6. - In a next step (not illustrated), the
rim 59 is bent further to assume a cylindrical conformation. Moreover, on the radiallyoutermost surface 18 of therim 3 thus obtained theannular grooves 20 are provided by means of a rolling operation, in itself known and not illustrated. - At this point, the
pulley 1 is subjected to a coining operation with a die 130 (Figure 12 ) to obtain theimpressions 15 on thesurface 13 of thebottom 6, i.e., on the surface of the cup-shapedportion 86 that is parallel to the reference plane P and faces the opposite side of the reference plane P itself. - In particular, the
die 130 comprises a first half-die 131, appearing at the bottom inFigure 12 , and a second half-die 132, facing the half-die 131 and co-operating, in use, with the latter along an axis F. - In greater detail, the half-dies 131 and 132 are available between an open configuration (not illustrated), in which they are separated from one another along the axis F by a distance sufficient to enable insertion of the
pulley 1, and a closed configuration (Figure 12 ), in which they co-operate to obtain theimpressions 15 on thesurface 13 of the bottom of thecentral portion 5 or of the cup-shapedportion 86. - More precisely, the half-die 131 comprises a supporting
wall 134 and amatrix 135, which is fixed to the supportingwall 134 by means of screws (not illustrated) and axially projects in cantilever fashion from the supportingwall 134 itself. - The
matrix 135 has a cylindrical configuration and has a shapedend surface 136 facing the half-die 132 and having a shape complementary to that of thepulley 1 on the side opposite to that of thesurface 13. In this way, thepulley 1 may be fitted on theend surface 136 of thematrix 135. - As may be seen in
Figure 12 , thematrix 135 is moreover provided with a plurality of throughholes 137, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis F and communicate with a throughopening 138 of the supportingwall 134. The function of theholes 137 will be clarified in what follows. - The half-
die 132, appearing at the top inFigure 12 , basically comprises a supportingwall 139, acentral coining tool 140 with axis F, which is fixedly carried in cantilever fashion by the supportingwall 139 and is designed to co-operate with thesurface 13 of thebottom 6 of thepulley 1, and ablank holder 141 having a tubular configuration with axis F, which extends around the coiningtool 140 and is connected to the supportingwall 139 so as to enable a relative motion along the axis F between the supportingwall 139 itself (together with the coining tool 140) and theblank holder 141. - In particular, the coining
tool 140 terminates, towards thematrix 135, with acylindrical body 142 delimited by ashaped end surface 143, which is designed to co-operate with thesurface 13 of thebottom 6 of thepulley 1 and is provided with a plurality of moulds 144 (Figure 13 ) having substantially the shape of petals of a daisy evenly distributed about the axis F. - The coining
tool 140 is moreover provided with a plurality of dinking dies 148 extending around thecylindrical body 142, which project towards the half-die 131 and are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis F. - In the closed configuration of the half-dies 131, 132, the dinking dies 148 are designed to engage the
respective holes 137 of thematrix 135. - The
blank holder 141 has a cylindrical external configuration and co-operates by sliding with the coiningtool 140 along an inner surface thereof. Theblank holder 141 moreover has, on the opposite side of the supportingwall 139, ashaped surface 145 having a shape complementary to that of thebridge element 10 and of theannular portion 4 of thepulley 1 on the side of thesurface 13. - The
blank holder 141 is elastically connected to the supportingwall 139 by means of one ormore spring actuators 146, which are designed to enable a relative axial translation between theblank holder 141 itself and the ensemble formed by the supportingwall 139 and thecoining tool 140. - In particular, the half-die 132 is normally arranged in a first operating configuration (not illustrated), in which the
blank holder 141 is held by theactuators 146 at a non-zero pre-set axial distance from the supportingwall 139. The half-die 132 is moreover available, against the action of theactuators 146, in a second operating configuration (Figure 12 ), in which theblank holder 141 and the supportingwall 139 axially bear upon one another. - The
blank holder 141 is moreover provided with a plurality of through holes, which are spaced at equal angular distances apart about the axis F and are slidably engaged by the respective dinking dies 148 of the coiningtool 140 in such a way that the cutting end portions of the dinking dies 148 themselves will come out of the shapedsurface 145 in the second operating configuration of the half-die 132. - The
pulley 1 is positioned, with its own axis A sharing the axis F, between the two half-dies 131 and 132 arranged in the open configuration. During the movement of relative approach between the two half-dies 131 and 132, theblank holder 141 comes into contact, with its own shapedsurface 145, with thebridge element 10 and theannular portion 4 of thepulley 1, which remain consequently pinched between theblank holder 141 itself and thematrix 135. - As the relative axial motion between the two half-dies 131 and 132 proceeds, the
spring actuators 146 are compressed, and the supportingwall 139 and thecoining tool 140 slide axially with respect to theblank holder 141. - This determines in the first place exit of the cutting end portions of the dinking dies 148 from the shaped
surface 145 of theblank holder 141 with consequent creation of theholes 11 on thepulley 1. The blanked part is then expelled through theopening 138 of the supportingwall 134. - Moreover, the
moulds 144 of the coiningtool 140 are brought into contact with thesurface 13 of thebottom 6 of thepulley 1. The bottom 6 remains consequently pressed between thematrix 135 and thecoining tool 140 in such a way that themoulds 144 of the coiningtool 140 themselves will produce theimpressions 15 on thesurface 13. - From an examination of the characteristics of the method forming the subject of the present invention, the advantages that it affords are evident.
- In particular, the method described enables the
pulley 1 to be obtained starting from a relativelythin disk 21. In fact, the various operations carried out on the disk 21 (creation of the cup-shapedportions 28 and 86) enable displacement of material from the periphery of thedisk 21 itself towards the central area, where it will then be necessary to have a certain thickness of the sheet metal to be able to obtain theimpressions 15 by coining. - Since the
disks 21 are blanked from a sheet metal, the smaller the thickness of the starting disk, the smaller the amount of material that will have to be rejected between one disk and the adjacent ones. - Moreover, the method described requires a relatively short cycle time and makes it possible to produce the
pulley 1 by plastic deformation, hence without generation of swarf. - Finally, it is clear that modifications and variations may be made to the method described and illustrated herein, without thereby departing from the scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
- A method for manufacturing a pulley (1) for motor vehicle applications starting from a plane disk (21), which has a central axis (A) and defines a reference plane (P) orthogonal to said axis (A), said method being characterized in that it comprises the steps of:a) bending by means of moulding a peripheral annular portion (51) of said disk (21) in a direction transverse to said reference plane (P) so as to define a rim (59) in relief of the disk (21) itself;b) deforming, in a first axial direction (S) and by means of at least one moulding operation, a central disk-shaped portion (52) of said disk (21) so as to generate a first cup-shaped portion (53) projecting from the same part of said rim (59) with respect to said reference plane (P);c) deforming, in a second axial direction (T) opposite to said first direction (S) and by means of at least one moulding operation, a central disk-shaped portion of said first cup-shaped portion (53) so as to generate a second cup-shaped portion (86) axially projecting from the opposite side of said reference plane (P) with respect to said rim (59);d) reducing, by means of one or more moulding operations, the axial height of said second cup-shaped portion (86) with respect to said reference plane (P) so as to increase the thickness thereof with respect to the remaining part of the semifinished product (93, 125) thus obtained; ande) carrying out a coining operation on a surface (13) of said second cup-shaped portion (86) that is parallel to said reference plane (P) and faces the opposite side of the reference plane (P) itself to generate a plurality of radial impressions (15) extending around said axis (A).
- The method according to Claim 1, wherein said first cup-shaped portion (53) generated in said step b) has an annular side wall (69) and a plane bottom (70) connected to said side wall (69) by a rounded edge.
- The method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein said second cup-shaped portion (86) generated in said step c) has a dome-shaped conformation.
- The method according to Claim 3, wherein, during said step d), the bottom (6) of said second cup-shaped portion (86) is rendered plane.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the further step of creating by blanking an axial through hole (78) in said second cup-shaped portion (86).
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, during said step c), a reduction of the axial height of said first cup-shaped portion (53) with respect to said reference plane (P) is obtained.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rim (59) obtained in said step a) has a frustoconical conformation.
- The method according to Claim 7, comprising the further step of bending said rim (59) obtained in said step a) so as to cause it to assume a cylindrical conformation.
- The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said impressions (15) have a conformation resembling the petals of a daisy.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000533A ITTO20130533A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | METHOD FOR THE REALIZATION OF A PULLEY FOR SELF-MOTIONIC APPLICATIONS |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2826571A2 true EP2826571A2 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
EP2826571A3 EP2826571A3 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
EP2826571B1 EP2826571B1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
Family
ID=49035868
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14174834.3A Active EP2826571B1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-06-27 | Method for manufacturing a pulley for motor vehicle applications |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2826571B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2591152T3 (en) |
IT (1) | ITTO20130533A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2826571T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI698611B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2020-07-11 | 祥偉自動科技股份有限公司 | Connecting seat and forming method of connecting seat |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3080644A (en) * | 1958-09-12 | 1963-03-12 | Eaton Mfg Co | Method of making a wheel |
US4831705A (en) * | 1987-06-17 | 1989-05-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kanemitsu | Method of manufacturing a sheet metal poly-V pulley |
FR2717718B1 (en) * | 1994-03-22 | 1996-06-28 | Etude Dev Indl Technol | Method for manufacturing a pulley with multiple grooves, forming tool implemented by this method and pulley thus obtained. |
US20070125147A1 (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-07 | Yahya Hodjat | Method of forming a part |
-
2013
- 2013-06-28 IT IT000533A patent/ITTO20130533A1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-06-27 PL PL14174834T patent/PL2826571T3/en unknown
- 2014-06-27 EP EP14174834.3A patent/EP2826571B1/en active Active
- 2014-06-27 ES ES14174834.3T patent/ES2591152T3/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI698611B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2020-07-11 | 祥偉自動科技股份有限公司 | Connecting seat and forming method of connecting seat |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2826571B1 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
ITTO20130533A1 (en) | 2014-12-29 |
ES2591152T3 (en) | 2016-11-25 |
EP2826571A3 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
PL2826571T3 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104105557B (en) | Method for molding pressed component | |
US4299112A (en) | Method and device for producing synchronizer ring | |
JPS641218B2 (en) | ||
KR20130115363A (en) | Method for producing tooth profile component, and device for producing tooth profile component | |
AU608695B2 (en) | A method for manufacturing a rotor frame of an electromagnetic clutch | |
JP3617519B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of disk member | |
JP5974554B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a press-formed product | |
JPH09122783A (en) | Multi stage working press die and pressing method therefor | |
EP2826571B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing a pulley for motor vehicle applications | |
JP4076102B2 (en) | Sheet metal thickening press method | |
JP2009061481A (en) | Metal parts manufacturing method, core metal, and injection gear | |
JP2009061503A (en) | Metal parts manufacturing method, core metal, and injection gear | |
JPH04274834A (en) | Method and device for forming single body type rivet on end of container | |
JP5807293B2 (en) | Method for forming undercut portion and method for producing molded product having undercut portion | |
JP4801187B2 (en) | Undercut part forming method, part manufacturing method, and pressed part | |
JP2002346690A (en) | Method for forging metal part | |
US6146281A (en) | Outer joint part of a constant velocity ball joint | |
US6649276B1 (en) | Sheet metal member and method of manufacturing the member | |
RU2623510C1 (en) | Method of forming-drawing down of the shell-sheet parts by plastic metal | |
EP2407258B1 (en) | Method for producing a pulley for motor vehicle applications and the like provided with a plurality of V-shaped peripheral races | |
JPS59110440A (en) | Manufacture of multi-grooved pulley outer ring | |
US1228352A (en) | Process of making ball-bearing cones. | |
JPS6064738A (en) | Production of outer ring for universal joint | |
JP4246851B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for manufacturing outer ring member for constant velocity joint | |
JP2002292437A (en) | Method of increasing thickness of metal plate in press forming |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20140627 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B21K 1/42 20060101ALI20150317BHEP Ipc: B21D 37/02 20060101ALI20150317BHEP Ipc: B21D 53/26 20060101ALI20150317BHEP Ipc: B21D 22/24 20060101AFI20150317BHEP |
|
R17P | Request for examination filed (corrected) |
Effective date: 20151021 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20160105 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 806220 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20160715 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602014002303 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20160615 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160915 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 806220 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20160615 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2591152 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20161125 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160916 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160630 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602014002303 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20161015 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20161017 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170103 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20170331 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20170316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160627 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160816 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170630 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20140627 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160630 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160627 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20160615 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20180627 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20180627 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Payment date: 20230606 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: PL Payment date: 20230612 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20230721 Year of fee payment: 10 |