EP2821739A2 - Transportable cooling chamber - Google Patents

Transportable cooling chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2821739A2
EP2821739A2 EP14176020.7A EP14176020A EP2821739A2 EP 2821739 A2 EP2821739 A2 EP 2821739A2 EP 14176020 A EP14176020 A EP 14176020A EP 2821739 A2 EP2821739 A2 EP 2821739A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerator according
housing
cooling
trough
refrigerant reservoir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14176020.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2821739B1 (en
EP2821739A3 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dipl. Ing. Schumacher
Norbert Kesselmann
Willem Kruit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hupfer Metallwerke GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hupfer Metallwerke GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2821739A2 publication Critical patent/EP2821739A2/en
Publication of EP2821739A3 publication Critical patent/EP2821739A3/en
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Publication of EP2821739B1 publication Critical patent/EP2821739B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/12—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using solidified gases, e.g. carbon-dioxide snow
    • F25D3/125—Movable containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/02—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using ice, e.g. ice-boxes
    • F25D3/06—Movable containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/20—Carts specially adapted for transporting objects to be cooled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a portable refrigerator with a housing and with a refrigerant storage for cooling adegutageraums within the housing.
  • the transportable refrigerator can be used, for example, for cooling food and food distribution components or for refrigerated transport of blood products and medicaments.
  • the term "portable refrigerator” includes in particular tray transport trolleys for trays, which are equipped with dishes components and food arranged thereon, and mobile transport facilities, which are used for example in the context of food regeneration and food distribution and have a housing or a container with an interior to be cooled ,
  • Out EP 2 420 768 A2 is a portable refrigerator known, the refrigerant storage contains pourable ice, with spent refrigerant is discharged in the form of melt water from the refrigerant reservoir.
  • the filling space of the refrigerant reservoir consists of a vertical shaft and is arranged in an intermediate wall which divides the receiving space for the refrigerated goods in at least two areas.
  • the filling chamber of the refrigerant storage contain a sieve insert, which defines the ice in Holds height and lets melt water through.
  • a cooling wall is created within the refrigerated goods receiving space, which extends from the bottom of the housing to the uppermost end of the housing and has a surface temperature specified by the ice or ice / melt water mixture.
  • the cooling effect of the cooling wall is insufficient.
  • Within thedegutauraums sometimes sets a temperature stratification with a non-uniform temperature distribution from top to bottom.
  • Out FR 700 071 A is a portable refrigerator known, which is formed according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the coolant reservoir is arranged above thedeguterraumes and has to improve the heat exchange on a heat sink with cooling surfaces which extend along a wall surface into the bottom region of thedegutageraums. Due to the cooling effect on the cooling surfaces creates a natural convection and within thedegutageraums a circulation flow.
  • a guide surface is provided within the product receiving space, which is arranged below the refrigerant reservoir.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing the transportable cooling space such that a substantially constant temperature is established within the cooling goods receiving space.
  • the envisaged heat sink should be structurally simple design, have a compact design and be easy to clean.
  • the object of the invention and solution of this problem is a portable refrigerator according to claim 1.
  • the refrigerant reservoir is arranged above thedegutageraums and has a projecting into thedegutageraum heat sink to improve the heat exchange. Furthermore, a guide surface for initiating and guiding a circulating in the receiving space free convection is provided. Free convection - also referred to as natural convection - relies on density differences in the airspace enclosed by the housing. Due to the cooling, air layers directly on the surface of the heat sink have a lower temperature and greater density than the ambient air within the refrigerated goods receiving space which is spaced apart from the heat sink. As a result, the air within thechenigerfactraums experiences a thermal buoyancy, wherein the guide surface directs the based on a natural convection air flow. It creates a circulation flow.
  • the heat sink is arranged above the guide surface and has an arrangement of several cooling fins projecting into the refrigerated goods receiving space.
  • the circulating air sweeps along the cooling fins of the heat sink, is directed downwards along a thermally insulated wall surface of the housing and rises again on an opposite wall surface.
  • the guide surface is oriented substantially horizontally, wherein by a slight inclination of the guide surface, the circulation flow is excited and amplified much faster.
  • the guide surface is therefore an obliquely inclined flat surface, wherein the angle of inclination to the horizontal is 0.5 to 10 degrees, preferably about 1 to 5 degrees.
  • the housing may have a front door, which is suitably thermally insulated.
  • the circulating free convection flow is established between a thermally insulated side wall of the housing and a thermally insulated front door.
  • sidewall in particular also includes a rear wall of the housing.
  • the front door expediently extends over the entire height of theharigutageraums.
  • the refrigerant reservoir has a trough for filling with pourable ice and that the heat sink is arranged on the underside of the trough and indirectly connected directly to the trough or by heat-conducting intermediate elements.
  • the heat sink may have additional heat transfer surfaces that extend into the interior of the tub.
  • Used refrigerant is drained from the tub in the form of melt water.
  • a device for the discharge of melt water is connected to the tub. It is also within the scope of the invention for at least one side wall of the housing and / or a vertical partition wall to have a channel for discharging melt water within the receiving space.
  • the pan for receiving the pourable ice can with a lid z.
  • the device according to the invention is not limited to the operation with a free-flowing water consisting of ice.
  • a cooling source for example, eutectic plates, pre-cooled cooling batteries or dry ice can be used.
  • the refrigerant storage has in such embodiments, at least one compartment for pre-cooled eutectic plates or pre-cooled cooling batteries, a closable with a lid tray for dry ice or a tank for CO 2 snow.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a trolley, which has a front door extending over the entire height and receives various load and / or in several levels superimposed trays.
  • thedegutabilityraum with lateral support surfaces z. B. be in the form of strips.
  • Between the front door and the trays and between the trays and a heat-insulated rear wall of the housing remains a sufficient distance so that a circulating free convection flow between the thermally insulated rear wall of the housing and the front door can be adjusted.
  • the teaching of the invention allows in such a trolley a surprisingly uniform temperature of the interior as a result of adjusting within the closed trolley circulating free convection flow. Opening the door disturbs the natural circulation flow.
  • the cooling output on the heat sink becomes lower and the consumption of the refrigerant decreases. Consequently, the refrigerant can remain in the refrigerant storage when the refrigerator is not used when the door is open or the free convection flow is disturbed by other interventions.
  • the device of the invention operates very energy efficient. After closing the door, the natural circulation flow quickly recovers.
  • the portable refrigerator according to the invention can be used to keep the refrigerated goods permanently cold. By a permanent cooling, the risk of contamination is low, so that even dirty dishes can be transported. After cleaning and recommissioning of the transportable cold room, the desired cooling temperature is quickly restored within the refrigerated goods receiving space.
  • the portable refrigerator according to the invention is therefore suitable for a network-independent cold transport of food to be cooled and food distribution components, blood and medicines.
  • the figures show a portable refrigerator on the example of a tray transport vehicle.
  • the tray dolly has a housing 1 with thermally insulated side walls 2 and a likewise thermally insulated front door 3.
  • the tray dolly is also with a Refrigerant storage 4 for cooling adegutageraums 5 inside the housing 1 equipped.
  • the housing 1 is movable on rollers 6.
  • the trays 8 keep a distance to the side wall 2 of the housing and the inside of the door 3 a.
  • the free space represents an in Fig. 1 indicated circulating air flow available.
  • a guide surface 10 is also arranged to initiate and guide a circulating inchengutageraum 5 free convection.
  • the guide surface 10 consists of a baffle and forms an obliquely inclined flat surface. The angle of inclination is about 1 to 5 degrees to the horizontal.
  • the baffle 10 preferably holds a distance of at least 30 mm to the side wall 2 or rear wall of the housing and to the inside of the door 3, so as not to obstruct the circulation of the free convection flow.
  • the heat sink 9 is formed as a rib heat sink. It has an arrangement of several in theisseritabilityraum projecting parallel cooling fins 11 and is disposed on the underside of a trough 12, which is filled, for example, with pourable ice.
  • the filled with pourable ice trough 12 forms the refrigerant reservoir 4.
  • the heat sink 9 is directly or indirectly connected by thermally conductive intermediate elements with the trough 12. This consists as well as the heat sink 9 from a Material with good thermal conductivity.
  • the tub 12 is made in the embodiment of sheet metal. As shown in Fig. 2 has the heat sink 9 to improve the heat transfer to additional heat transfer surfaces 13 which extend into the interior of the trough 12.
  • the heat transfer surfaces 13 are formed as ribs, wherein the distance between the ribs is chosen sufficiently large so that the free-flowing ice 14 can fill the spaces between the ribs.
  • the tray 12 is suitably closed with a lid 15 and is also suitable for receiving dry ice as a refrigerant. If the tub is formed with a flat bottom surface, the tub can also be charged with pre-cooled cooling batteries or pre-cooled eutectic plates.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 To the tub 12 can in the Fig. 1 and 2 not shown connected device for the discharge of melt water.
  • Fig. 3 has a vertical partition wall 16 within thedegutageraums 5 a channel 17 for the discharge of melt water.
  • the channel for discharging melt water is arranged on or in a side wall 2 of the housing 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen transportablen Kühlraum, beispielsweise zum Kühlen von Speisen und Speisenverteilkomponenten, mit einem Gehäuse (1) und mit einem Kältemittelspeicher (4) zur Kühlung eines Kühlgutauf-nahmeraums (5) innerhalb des Gehäuses (1). Der Kältemittelspeicher (4) ist oberhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) angeordnet und weist einen Kühlkörper (9) zur Verbesserung des Wärmeaustausches auf. Zur Initiierung und Führung einer im Kühlgutaufnahmeraum (5) zirkulierenden freien Konvektionsströmung ist eine Leitfläche (10) vorgesehen. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Kühlkörper (9) oberhalb der Leitflächen (10) angeordnet und weist eine Anordnung aus mehreren in den Kühlgutaufnahmeraum vorstehenden parallelen Kühlrippen (11) auf. Stellt sich eine zirkulierende freie Konvektionsströmung ein, die entlang einer wärmegedämmten Wandfläche des Gehäuses nach unten gerichtet ist und an einer gegenüberliegenden Wandfläche wieder aufsteigt.The invention relates to a portable refrigerator, for example, for cooling food and food distribution components, with a housing (1) and with a refrigerant reservoir (4) for cooling a Kühlgutauf-receiving space (5) within the housing (1). The refrigerant reservoir (4) is arranged above the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) and has a heat sink (9) to improve the heat exchange. A guide surface (10) is provided for initiating and guiding a free convection flow circulating in the refrigerated goods receiving space (5). According to the invention, the heat sink (9) is arranged above the guide surfaces (10) and has an arrangement of a plurality of parallel cooling ribs (11) protruding into the refrigerated goods receiving space. Imagine a circulating free convection flow, which is directed down along a thermally insulated wall surface of the housing and rises again on an opposite wall surface.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen transportablen Kühlraum mit einem Gehäuse und mit einem Kältemittelspeicher zur Kühlung eines Kühlgutaufnahmeraums innerhalb des Gehäuses. Der transportable Kühlraum kann beispielsweise zum Kühlen von Speisen und Speisenverteilkomponenten oder zum gekühlten Transport von Blutkonserven und Medikamenten eingesetzt werden. Der Begriff "transportabler Kühlraum" umfasst insbesondere Tablett-Transportwagen für Tabletts, die mit Geschirrkomponenten und darauf angerichteten Speisen bestückt sind, sowie fahrbare Transporteinrichtungen, die beispielsweise im Rahmen der Speisenregenerierung und Speisenverteilung Verwendung finden und ein Gehäuse oder ein Behältnis mit einem zu kühlenden Innenraum aufweisen.The invention relates to a portable refrigerator with a housing and with a refrigerant storage for cooling a Kühlgutaufnahmeraums within the housing. The transportable refrigerator can be used, for example, for cooling food and food distribution components or for refrigerated transport of blood products and medicaments. The term "portable refrigerator" includes in particular tray transport trolleys for trays, which are equipped with dishes components and food arranged thereon, and mobile transport facilities, which are used for example in the context of food regeneration and food distribution and have a housing or a container with an interior to be cooled ,

In Großküchenbetrieben, beispielsweise in Krankenhäusern, werden die Mahlzeiten häufig weit vor dem Verzehrzeitpunkt zubereitet und zusammengestellt. Von diesem Zeitpunkt an müssen sie bis zum Verzehr kühl gelagert werden. Für einen Transport von der Küche bis zum Ort der Speisenausgabe werden Transportwagen eingesetzt, deren Wageninnenraum gekühlt wird. Zur Kühlung werden häufig passive Systeme mit einem Kältemittelspeicher verwendet.In large kitchens, for example in hospitals, meals are often prepared and put together well before the time of consumption. From this point on, they must be kept refrigerated until consumption. For transport from the kitchen to the place of the food delivery trolleys are used, the car interior is cooled. For cooling, passive systems with a refrigerant reservoir are often used.

Aus EP 2 420 768 A2 ist ein transportabler Kühlraum bekannt, dessen Kältemittelspeicher schüttfähiges Eis enthält, wobei verbrauchtes Kältemittel in Form von Schmelzwasser aus dem Kältemittelspeicher abgelassen wird. Der Füllraum des Kältemittelspeichers besteht aus einem vertikalen Schacht und ist in einer Zwischenwand, welche den Aufnahmeraum für das Kühlgut in mindestens zwei Bereiche unterteilt, angeordnet. Dabei kann der Füllraum des Kältemittelspeichers einen Siebeinsatz enthalten, welcher das Eis in definierter Höhe hält und Schmelzwasser durchlässt. Durch die Anordnung wird innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums eine Kühlwand geschaffen, welche sich vom Boden des Gehäuses bis zum oberseitigen Abschluss des Gehäuses erstreckt und eine durch das Eis bzw. das Eis-/Schmelzwassergemisch vorgegebene Oberflächentemperatur aufweist. Die Kühlwirkung der Kühlwand ist unzureichend. Innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums stellt sich bisweilen eine Temperaturschichtung mit einer ungleichmäßigen Temperaturverteilung von oben nach unten ein.Out EP 2 420 768 A2 is a portable refrigerator known, the refrigerant storage contains pourable ice, with spent refrigerant is discharged in the form of melt water from the refrigerant reservoir. The filling space of the refrigerant reservoir consists of a vertical shaft and is arranged in an intermediate wall which divides the receiving space for the refrigerated goods in at least two areas. In this case, the filling chamber of the refrigerant storage contain a sieve insert, which defines the ice in Holds height and lets melt water through. As a result of the arrangement, a cooling wall is created within the refrigerated goods receiving space, which extends from the bottom of the housing to the uppermost end of the housing and has a surface temperature specified by the ice or ice / melt water mixture. The cooling effect of the cooling wall is insufficient. Within the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums sometimes sets a temperature stratification with a non-uniform temperature distribution from top to bottom.

Aus FR 700 071 A ist ein transportabler Kühlraum bekannt, der entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 ausgebildet ist. Der Kältemittelspeicher ist oberhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraumes angeordnet und weist zur Verbesserung des Wärmeaustausches einen Kühlkörper mit Kühlflächen auf, die sich entlang einer Wandfläche bis in den Bodenbereich des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums erstrecken. Durch die Kühlwirkung an den Kühlflächen entsteht eine natürliche Konvektion und innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums eine Zirkulationsströmung. Zur Initiierung und Führung der freien Konvektionsströmung ist innerhalb des Füllgutaufnahmeraums eine Leitfläche vorgesehen, die unterhalb des Kältemittelspeichers angeordnet ist. Nachteilig ist, dass der als Kühlgutaufnahmeraum nutzbare Innenraum des Gehäuses durch die Anordnung und notwendigen Abmessungen des Kühlkörpers über die gesamte Höhe eingeschränkt ist. Ferner lässt sich der innerhalb eines Strömungskanals angeordnete Kühlkörper nicht oder nur schlecht reinigen.Out FR 700 071 A is a portable refrigerator known, which is formed according to the preamble of claim 1. The coolant reservoir is arranged above the Kühlgutaufnahmeraumes and has to improve the heat exchange on a heat sink with cooling surfaces which extend along a wall surface into the bottom region of the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums. Due to the cooling effect on the cooling surfaces creates a natural convection and within the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums a circulation flow. For initiating and guiding the free convection flow, a guide surface is provided within the product receiving space, which is arranged below the refrigerant reservoir. The disadvantage is that the useful as Kühlgutaufnahmeraum interior of the housing is limited by the arrangement and necessary dimensions of the heat sink over the entire height. Furthermore, the heat sink arranged within a flow channel can not or only poorly cleaned.

Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den transportablen Kühlraum so zu gestalten, dass sich innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums eine im Wesentlichen konstante Temperatur einstellt. Der dazu vorgesehene Kühlkörper soll konstruktiv einfach gestaltet sein, einen möglichst kompakten Aufbau aufweisen und leicht zu reinigen sein. Gegenstand der Erfindung und Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist ein transportabler Kühlraum nach Anspruch 1.Against this background, the invention is based on the object of designing the transportable cooling space such that a substantially constant temperature is established within the cooling goods receiving space. The envisaged heat sink should be structurally simple design, have a compact design and be easy to clean. The object of the invention and solution of this problem is a portable refrigerator according to claim 1.

Der Kältemittelspeicher ist oberhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums angeordnet und weist einen in den Kühlgutaufnahmeraum vorstehenden Kühlkörper zur Verbesserung des Wärmeaustausches auf. Ferner ist eine Leitfläche zur Initiierung und Führung einer im Aufnahmeraum zirkulierenden freien Konvektionsströmung vorgesehen. Die freie Konvektion - auch als natürliche Konvektion bezeichnet - beruht auf Dichteunterschieden in dem von dem Gehäuse eingeschlossenen Luftraum. Luftschichten unmittelbar an der Oberfläche des Kühlkörpers weisen aufgrund der Kühlung eine geringere Temperatur und größere Dichte auf als die Raumluft innerhalb des von dem Kühlkörper beabstandeten Kühlgutaufnahmeraums. Dadurch erfährt die Luft innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums einen thermischen Auftrieb, wobei die Leitfläche die auf einer natürlichen Konvektion basierende Luftströmung richtet. Es entsteht eine Zirkulationsströmung. Erfindungsgemäß ist der Kühlkörper oberhalb der Leitfläche angeordnet und weist eine Anordnung aus mehreren in den Kühlgutaufnahmeraum vorstehenden Kühlrippen auf. Die zirkulierende Luft streicht an den Kühlrippen des Kühlkörpers entlang, ist entlang einer wärmegedämmten Wandfläche des Gehäuses nach unten gerichtet ist und steigt an einer gegenüberliegenden Wandfläche wieder auf. Die Leitfläche ist im Wesentlichen horizontal ausgerichtet, wobei durch eine leichte Schrägstellung der Leitfläche die Zirkulationsströmung wesentlich schneller angeregt und verstärkt wird. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist die Leitfläche daher eine schräg geneigte ebene Fläche, wobei der Neigungswinkel zur Horizontalen 0,5 bis 10 Grad, vorzugsweise etwa 1 bis 5 Grad beträgt.The refrigerant reservoir is arranged above the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums and has a projecting into the Kühlgutaufnahmeraum heat sink to improve the heat exchange. Furthermore, a guide surface for initiating and guiding a circulating in the receiving space free convection is provided. Free convection - also referred to as natural convection - relies on density differences in the airspace enclosed by the housing. Due to the cooling, air layers directly on the surface of the heat sink have a lower temperature and greater density than the ambient air within the refrigerated goods receiving space which is spaced apart from the heat sink. As a result, the air within the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums experiences a thermal buoyancy, wherein the guide surface directs the based on a natural convection air flow. It creates a circulation flow. According to the invention, the heat sink is arranged above the guide surface and has an arrangement of several cooling fins projecting into the refrigerated goods receiving space. The circulating air sweeps along the cooling fins of the heat sink, is directed downwards along a thermally insulated wall surface of the housing and rises again on an opposite wall surface. The guide surface is oriented substantially horizontally, wherein by a slight inclination of the guide surface, the circulation flow is excited and amplified much faster. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide surface is therefore an obliquely inclined flat surface, wherein the angle of inclination to the horizontal is 0.5 to 10 degrees, preferably about 1 to 5 degrees.

Das Gehäuse kann eine frontseitige Tür aufweisen, die zweckmäßig wärmegedämmt ist. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung stellt sich die zirkulierende freie Konvektionsströmung zwischen einer wärmegedämmten Seitenwand des Gehäuses und einer wärmegedämmten frontseitigen Tür ein. Unter den Begriff "Seitenwand" fällt insbesondere auch eine Rückwand des Gehäuses. Die frontseitige Tür erstreckt sich zweckmäßig über die gesamte Höhe des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums.The housing may have a front door, which is suitably thermally insulated. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the circulating free convection flow is established between a thermally insulated side wall of the housing and a thermally insulated front door. The term "sidewall" in particular also includes a rear wall of the housing. The front door expediently extends over the entire height of the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums.

Als Kältemittel zum Betreiben der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann schüttfähiges Eis, welches aus Wasser besteht, verwendet werden. Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sieht daher vor, dass der Kältemittelspeicher eine Wanne zur Befüllung mit schüttfähigem Eis aufweist und dass der Kühlkörper an der Unterseite der Wanne angeordnet und mit der Wanne unmittelbar oder durch wärmeleitende Zwischenelemente mittelbar verbunden ist. Als schüttfähiges Eis können beispielsweise Crushed-Eis, Eiswürfel und Scherbeneis eingesetzt werden. Zur Verbesserung des Wärmeüberganges kann der Kühlkörper zusätzliche Wärmeübertragungsflächen aufweisen, die sich in den Innenraum der Wanne erstrecken.As a refrigerant for operating the device according to the invention pourable ice, which consists of water, can be used. An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention therefore provides that the refrigerant reservoir has a trough for filling with pourable ice and that the heat sink is arranged on the underside of the trough and indirectly connected directly to the trough or by heat-conducting intermediate elements. For example, crushed ice, ice cubes and flake ice can be used as pourable ice. To improve the heat transfer, the heat sink may have additional heat transfer surfaces that extend into the interior of the tub.

Verbrauchtes Kältemittel wird in Form von Schmelzwasser aus der Wanne abgelassen. Dazu ist an die Wanne eine Einrichtung zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser angeschlossen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es auch, dass zumindest eine Seitenwand des Gehäuses und/oder eine vertikale Trennwand innerhalb des Aufnahmeraums einen Kanal zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser aufweist.Used refrigerant is drained from the tub in the form of melt water. For this purpose, a device for the discharge of melt water is connected to the tub. It is also within the scope of the invention for at least one side wall of the housing and / or a vertical partition wall to have a channel for discharging melt water within the receiving space.

Die Wanne zur Aufnahme des schüttfähigen Eises kann mit einem Deckel z. B. einem abnehmbaren Deckel oder Klappdeckel verschlossen sein.The pan for receiving the pourable ice can with a lid z. B. a removable lid or hinged lid.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist nicht auf den Betrieb mit einem schüttfähigen, aus Wasser bestehenden Eis, beschränkt. Als Kühlquelle können beispielsweise auch eutektische Platten, vorgekühlte Kühlakkus oder Trockeneis verwendet werden. Der Kältemittelspeicher weist bei derartigen Ausgestaltungen mindestens ein Fach für vorgekühlte eutektische Platten oder vorgekühlte Kühlakkus, eine mit einem Deckel verschließbare Wanne für Trockeneis oder einen Tank für CO2-Schnee auf.The device according to the invention is not limited to the operation with a free-flowing water consisting of ice. As a cooling source, for example, eutectic plates, pre-cooled cooling batteries or dry ice can be used. The refrigerant storage has in such embodiments, at least one compartment for pre-cooled eutectic plates or pre-cooled cooling batteries, a closable with a lid tray for dry ice or a tank for CO 2 snow.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung betrifft einen Transportwagen, der eine sich über die gesamte Höhe erstreckende frontseitige Tür aufweist und diverses Ladegut und/oder in mehreren Ebenen übereinander angeordnete Tabletts aufnimmt. Zum Einschieben von Tabletts kann der Kühlgutaufnahmeraum mit seitlichen Auflageflächen z. B. in Form von Leisten ausgestattet sein. Zwischen der frontseitigen Tür und den Tabletts sowie zwischen den Tabletts und einer wärmegedämmten Rückwand des Gehäuses verbleibt ein ausreichender Abstand, so dass sich eine zirkulierende freie Konvektionsströmung zwischen der wärmegedämmten Rückwand des Gehäuses und der frontseitigen Tür einstellen kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Lehre ermöglicht in einem solchen Transportwagen eine überraschend gleichmäßige Temperierung des Innenraums infolge einer sich innerhalb des geschlossenen Transportwagens einstellenden zirkulierenden freien Konvektionsströmung. Durch das Öffnen der Tür wird die natürliche Zirkulationsströmung gestört. Mit dem Erliegen der Zirkulationsströmung wird die Kälteabgabe an dem Kühlkörper geringer und sinkt der Kältemittelverbrauch. Folglich kann das Kältemittel im Kältemittelspeicher verbleiben, wenn der Kühlraum bei geöffneter Tür nicht genutzt wird oder die freie Konvektionsströmung durch andere Eingriffe gestört wird. Damit arbeitet die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sehr energieeffizient. Nach dem Schließen der Tür stellt sich die natürliche Zirkulationsströmung schnell wieder ein.A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a trolley, which has a front door extending over the entire height and receives various load and / or in several levels superimposed trays. For insertion of trays, the Kühlgutaufnahmeraum with lateral support surfaces z. B. be in the form of strips. Between the front door and the trays and between the trays and a heat-insulated rear wall of the housing remains a sufficient distance so that a circulating free convection flow between the thermally insulated rear wall of the housing and the front door can be adjusted. The teaching of the invention allows in such a trolley a surprisingly uniform temperature of the interior as a result of adjusting within the closed trolley circulating free convection flow. Opening the door disturbs the natural circulation flow. With the cessation of the circulation flow, the cooling output on the heat sink becomes lower and the consumption of the refrigerant decreases. Consequently, the refrigerant can remain in the refrigerant storage when the refrigerator is not used when the door is open or the free convection flow is disturbed by other interventions. Thus, the device of the invention operates very energy efficient. After closing the door, the natural circulation flow quickly recovers.

Der erfindungsgemäße transportable Kühlraum kann eingesetzt werden, um das Kühlgut dauerhaft kalt zu halten. Durch eine dauerhafte Kühlung ist das Verkeimungsrisiko gering, so dass auch verschmutztes Geschirr transportiert werden kann. Nach einer Reinigung und einer Wiederinbetriebnahme des transportablen Kühlraums stellt sich innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraumes die gewünschte Kühltemperatur wieder schnell ein. Der transportable Kühlraum entsprechend der Erfindung eignet sich daher für einen netzunabhängigen Kalttransport von zu kühlenden Speisen und Speisenverteilkomponenten, Blutkonserven und Medikamenten.The portable refrigerator according to the invention can be used to keep the refrigerated goods permanently cold. By a permanent cooling, the risk of contamination is low, so that even dirty dishes can be transported. After cleaning and recommissioning of the transportable cold room, the desired cooling temperature is quickly restored within the refrigerated goods receiving space. The portable refrigerator according to the invention is therefore suitable for a network-independent cold transport of food to be cooled and food distribution components, blood and medicines.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch einen transportablen Kühlraum und zwar am Beispiel eines Tablett-Transportwagens,
Fig. 2
ausschnittsweise den Schnitt I-I aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
die Ansicht eines Speisentablett-Transportwagens aus der Blickrichtung A in Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine weitere Ausgestaltung des Tablett-Transportwagens ebenfalls aus der Blickrichtung A.
In the following the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing showing only one embodiment. They show schematically:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a portable refrigerator, using the example of a tray dolly,
Fig. 2
partially cut II Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
the view of a dining tray transport vehicle from the direction A in Fig. 1 .
Fig. 4
a further embodiment of the tray transport cart also from the direction of view A.

Die Figuren zeigen einen transportablen Kühlraum am Beispiel eines TablettTransportwagens. Der Tablett-Transportwagen weist ein Gehäuse 1 mit wärmegedämmten Seitenwänden 2 sowie einer ebenfalls wärmegedämmten frontseitigen Tür 3 auf. Der Tablett-Transportwagen ist ferner mit einem Kältemittelspeicher 4 zur Kühlung eines Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 ausgestattet. Das Gehäuse 1 ist auf Rollen 6 verfahrbar. An der Innenseite des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 sind seitliche Auflageflächen in Form von Leisten 7 zum Einschieben von Tabletts 8 vorgesehen. In Einschubrichtung vor und hinter den Speisentabletts halten die Tabletts 8 einen Abstand zur Seitenwand 2 des Gehäuses und der Innenseite der Tür 3 ein. Der freie Raum steht für eine in Fig. 1 angedeutete zirkulierende Luftströmung zur Verfügung.The figures show a portable refrigerator on the example of a tray transport vehicle. The tray dolly has a housing 1 with thermally insulated side walls 2 and a likewise thermally insulated front door 3. The tray dolly is also with a Refrigerant storage 4 for cooling a Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 inside the housing 1 equipped. The housing 1 is movable on rollers 6. On the inside of the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 lateral support surfaces in the form of strips 7 are provided for inserting trays 8. In the insertion direction in front of and behind the food trays, the trays 8 keep a distance to the side wall 2 of the housing and the inside of the door 3 a. The free space represents an in Fig. 1 indicated circulating air flow available.

Aus einer vergleichenden Betrachtung der Fig. 1 und 2 geht hervor, dass der Kältemittelspeicher 4 oberhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 angeordnet ist und einen in den Kühlgutaufnahmeraum vorstehenden Kühlkörper 9 zur Verbesserung des Wärmeaustausches aufweist. Unterhalb des Kühlkörpers 9 ist ferner eine Leitfläche 10 zur Initiierung und Führung einer im Kühlgutaufnahmeraum 5 zirkulierenden freien Konvektionsströmung angeordnet. Die Leitfläche 10 besteht aus einem Leitblech und bildet eine schräg geneigte ebene Fläche. Der Neigungswinkel beträgt etwa 1 bis 5 Grad zur Horizontalen. Das Leitblech 10 hält zur Seitenwand 2 bzw. Rückwand des Gehäuses und zur Innenseite der Tür 3 vorzugsweise jeweils einen Abstand von mindestens 30 mm ein, um die Zirkulation der freien Konvektionsströmung nicht zu behindern.From a comparative analysis of the Fig. 1 and 2 shows that the refrigerant reservoir 4 is disposed above the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 and has a projecting into the Kühlgutaufnahmeraum cooling body 9 to improve the heat exchange. Below the heat sink 9, a guide surface 10 is also arranged to initiate and guide a circulating in Kühlgutaufnahmeraum 5 free convection. The guide surface 10 consists of a baffle and forms an obliquely inclined flat surface. The angle of inclination is about 1 to 5 degrees to the horizontal. The baffle 10 preferably holds a distance of at least 30 mm to the side wall 2 or rear wall of the housing and to the inside of the door 3, so as not to obstruct the circulation of the free convection flow.

Der Kühlkörper 9 ist als Rippenkühlkörper ausgebildet. Er weist eine Anordnung aus mehreren in den Kühlgutaufnahmeraum vorstehenden parallelen Kühlrippen 11 auf und ist an der Unterseite einer Wanne 12 angeordnet, die beispielsweise mit schüttfähigem Eis befüllt ist. Die mit schüttfähigem Eis befüllte Wanne 12 bildet den Kältemittelspeicher 4. Der Kühlkörper 9 ist unmittelbar oder durch wärmeleitende Zwischenelemente mittelbar mit der Wanne 12 verbunden. Diese besteht ebenso wie der Kühlkörper 9 aus einem Material mit guten Wärmeleiteigenschaften. Die Wanne 12 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel aus Metallblech gefertigt. Gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 2 weist der Kühlkörper 9 zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs zusätzliche Wärmeübertragungsflächen 13 auf, die sich in den Innenraum der Wanne 12 erstrecken. Die Wärmeübertragungsflächen 13 sind als Rippen ausgebildet, wobei der Abstand zwischen den Rippen ausreichend groß gewählt ist, damit das schüttfähige Eis 14 die Zwischenräume zwischen den Rippen ausfüllen kann.The heat sink 9 is formed as a rib heat sink. It has an arrangement of several in the Kühlgutaufnahmeraum projecting parallel cooling fins 11 and is disposed on the underside of a trough 12, which is filled, for example, with pourable ice. The filled with pourable ice trough 12 forms the refrigerant reservoir 4. The heat sink 9 is directly or indirectly connected by thermally conductive intermediate elements with the trough 12. This consists as well as the heat sink 9 from a Material with good thermal conductivity. The tub 12 is made in the embodiment of sheet metal. As shown in Fig. 2 has the heat sink 9 to improve the heat transfer to additional heat transfer surfaces 13 which extend into the interior of the trough 12. The heat transfer surfaces 13 are formed as ribs, wherein the distance between the ribs is chosen sufficiently large so that the free-flowing ice 14 can fill the spaces between the ribs.

Die Wanne 12 ist zweckmäßig mit einem Deckel 15 verschlossen und eignet sich auch zur Aufnahme von Trockeneis als Kältemittel. Sofern die Wanne mit einer ebenen Bodenfläche ausgebildet ist, kann die Wanne auch mit vorgekühlten Kühlakkus oder vorgekühlten eutektischen Platten beschickt werden.The tray 12 is suitably closed with a lid 15 and is also suitable for receiving dry ice as a refrigerant. If the tub is formed with a flat bottom surface, the tub can also be charged with pre-cooled cooling batteries or pre-cooled eutectic plates.

An die Wanne 12 kann eine in den Fig. 1 und 2 nicht dargestellte Einrichtung zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser angeschlossen sein. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 3 weist eine vertikale Trennwand 16 innerhalb der Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 einen Kanal 17 zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser auf. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 4 ist der Kanal zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser an oder in einer Seitenwand 2 des Gehäuses 1 angeordnet.To the tub 12 can in the Fig. 1 and 2 not shown connected device for the discharge of melt water. In the embodiment of Fig. 3 has a vertical partition wall 16 within the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums 5 a channel 17 for the discharge of melt water. In the embodiment of Fig. 4 the channel for discharging melt water is arranged on or in a side wall 2 of the housing 1.

Claims (13)

Transportabler Kühlraum mit einem Gehäuse (1) und mit einem Kältemittelspeicher (4) zur Kühlung eines Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) innerhalb des Gehäuses (1), wobei der Kältemittelspeicher (4) oberhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) angeordnet ist und einen Kühlkörper (9) zur Verbesserung des Wärmeaustausches aufweist und wobei eine Leitfläche (10) zur Initiierung und Führung einer im Kühlgutaufnahmeraum (5) zirkulierenden freien Konvektionsströmung vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlkörper (9) oberhalb der Leitfläche (10) angeordnet ist und eine Anordnung aus mehreren in den Kühlgutaufnahmeraum vorstehenden parallelen Kühlrippen (11) aufweist und dass die zirkulierende freie Konvektionsströmung entlang einer wärmegedämmten Wandfläche des Gehäuses (1) nach unten gerichtet ist und an einer gegenüberliegenden Wandfläche wieder aufsteigt.Transportable refrigerator with a housing (1) and with a refrigerant reservoir (4) for cooling a Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) within the housing (1), wherein the refrigerant reservoir (4) above the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) is arranged and a heat sink (9) Improved heat exchange and wherein a guide surface (10) for initiating and guiding a Kühlgutaufnahmeraum (5) circulating free convection flow is provided, characterized in that the cooling body (9) above the guide surface (10) is arranged and an arrangement of several in the refrigerated goods receiving space projecting parallel cooling fins (11) and that the circulating free Konvektionsströmung along a heat-insulated wall surface of the housing (1) is directed downwards and rises again on an opposite wall surface. Kühlraum nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die zirkulierende freie Konvektionsströmung zwischen einer wärmegedämmten Seitenwand des Gehäuses und einer wärmegedämmten frontseitigen Tür einstellt.Refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that adjusts the circulating free convection flow between a thermally insulated side wall of the housing and a thermally insulated front door. Kühlraum nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlgutaufnahmeraum (5) mit seitlichen Auflageflächen (7) zum Einschieben von Tabletts (8) ausgestattet ist.Refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that the Kühlgutaufnahmeraum (5) with lateral support surfaces (7) for inserting trays (8) is equipped. Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitfläche (10) eine schräg geneigte ebene Fläche ist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide surface (10) is an obliquely inclined flat surface. Kühlraum nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitfläche (10) unter einem Winkel von 1 bis 5 Grad zur Horizontalen geneigt ist.Refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide surface (10) is inclined at an angle of 1 to 5 degrees to the horizontal. Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kältemittelspeicher (4) eine Wanne (12) zur Befüllung mit schüttfähigem Eis (14) aufweist, wobei der Kühlkörper (9) an der Unterseite der Wanne (12) angeordnet und mit der Wanne (12) unmittelbar oder durch wärmeleitende Zwischenelemente mittelbar verbunden ist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the refrigerant reservoir (4) has a trough (12) for filling with pourable ice (14), wherein the heat sink (9) arranged on the underside of the trough (12) and with the tub (12) is directly or indirectly connected by thermally conductive intermediate elements. Kühlraum nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlkörper (9) zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs zusätzliche Wärmeübertragungsflächen (13) aufweist, die sich in den Innenraum der Wanne (12) erstrecken.Refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that the cooling body (9) to improve the heat transfer additional heat transfer surfaces (13) which extend into the interior of the trough (12). Kühlraum nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Wanne (12) eine Einrichtung zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser angeschlossen ist.Refrigerator according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a means for discharging melt water is connected to the trough (12). Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Seitenwand (2) des Gehäuses und/oder eine vertikale Trennwand (16) innerhalb des Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) einen Kanal (17) zur Ableitung von Schmelzwasser aufweist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that at least one side wall (2) of the housing and / or a vertical partition wall (16) within the Kühlgutaufnahmeraums (5) has a channel (17) for the discharge of melt water. Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wanne (12) mit einem Deckel (15) verschlossen ist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the trough (12) with a lid (15) is closed. Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kältemittelspeicher (4) mindestens ein Fach für vorgekühlte eutektische Platten oder vorgekühlte Kühlakkus aufweist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the refrigerant reservoir (4) has at least one compartment for pre-cooled eutectic plates or pre-cooled cooling batteries. Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kältemittelspeicher (4) einen Tank für CO2-Schnee aufweist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the refrigerant reservoir (4) has a tank for CO 2 snow. Kühlraum nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (1) auf Rollen (6) verfahrbar ist.Refrigerator according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing (1) on rollers (6) is movable.
EP14176020.7A 2013-07-05 2014-07-07 Transportable cooling chamber Active EP2821739B1 (en)

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DE102013111813.5A DE102013111813B4 (en) 2013-07-05 2013-10-25 Transportable refrigerator

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EP3351876A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-25 HUPFER Metallwerke GmbH & Co. KG Food dispenser and method for operatin the same

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FR700071A (en) 1930-08-04 1931-02-24 Improvements to refrigeration devices, in particular ice boxes
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FR700071A (en) 1930-08-04 1931-02-24 Improvements to refrigeration devices, in particular ice boxes
EP2420768A2 (en) 2010-07-16 2012-02-22 HUPFER Metallwerke GmbH & Co. KG Method for cooling a food transport vehicle and food transport vehicle for executing the method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3351876A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-25 HUPFER Metallwerke GmbH & Co. KG Food dispenser and method for operatin the same

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EP2821739A3 (en) 2015-03-25
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DE102013111813B4 (en) 2016-07-28

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