EP2821593A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung eines Dampfturbinenaxialspiels - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung eines Dampfturbinenaxialspiels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2821593A1
EP2821593A1 EP13175099.4A EP13175099A EP2821593A1 EP 2821593 A1 EP2821593 A1 EP 2821593A1 EP 13175099 A EP13175099 A EP 13175099A EP 2821593 A1 EP2821593 A1 EP 2821593A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inner casing
rotor
steam turbine
axial clearance
foundation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13175099.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Schwestka
David Maximilian Zolkiewicz
Silvia Gafner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Priority to EP13175099.4A priority Critical patent/EP2821593A1/de
Publication of EP2821593A1 publication Critical patent/EP2821593A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
    • F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
    • F01D11/22—Actively adjusting tip-clearance by mechanically actuating the stator or rotor components, e.g. moving shroud sections relative to the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the control of the axial clearance between rotor blades and inner casing blades of a steam turbine.
  • the outer shell of a steam turbine low-pressure section is generally called the exhaust hood.
  • the primary function of an exhaust hood is to divert the steam from the last stage blade of an inner shell to the condenser with minimal pressure loss.
  • the lower half of the exhaust hood supports an inner casing of the steam turbine while the upper exhaust hood typically is a cover that guides steam to the lower half of the hood.
  • the rotor itself is independent from the exhaust hood and supported on bearing pedestals next to the exhaust hood.
  • the hood for large double-flow low-pressure steam turbines is of substantial size and weight and so is usually assembled only in the field.
  • the inner casing of the steam turbine has an encompassing exhaust hood having a vertical split that extends along opposite sides and ends of the turbine.
  • Such measurement methods include fibre optic laser Doppler distance sensors, as discussed in Thorsten Pfister et al, "Fiber optic laser Doppler distance sensor for in-situ tip clearance and vibration monitoring of turbo machines" 14th Int Symposium on applications of Laser techniques to Fluid Mechanics Portugal, 07-10 July, 2008, as well as other sensors such as capacitive probes, inductive probes, optical measurement systems based on triangulation, optical coherence tomograph and time-of-flight measurements. While these solutions provide a means of alerting an operator to the approach to a potentially undesirable condition, the corrective action, which typically may result in change in load, typically requires the steam turbine to be operated away from a desired operating point.
  • the method is intended to provide a solution to the problem how to minimise performance losses of a steam turbine due to inner casing / blade clearance.
  • An aspect provides a method for aligning an inner casing of a steam turbine with a rotor operation of the steam turbine.
  • This aspect include first providing a steam turbine that has a lower hood connected directly to the condenser and without a fixation to the foundation, a rotor adjustably mounted on the bearing and an inner casing mounted on a foundation by an adjustable mounting that is axial adjustably wherein the inner casing, which encases a portion of the rotor, is adjustably mounted on the foundation by means of an adjustable mounting that enables axial adjust of the inner casing relative to the rotor.
  • the aspect further includes measuring an axial clearance between the inner casing and the rotor and then adjusting the mounting of the inner casing and the inner casing based on the measured axial clearance.
  • rotor has a plurality of rotating blades extending therefrom and the measuring of axial clearance includes measuring a clearance between the inner casing and one of the rotating blades.
  • measuring of axial clearance includes measurement a clearance between the inner casing and a rotating blade including by optical sensing means.
  • Another aspect comprises a double-flow steam turbine that has a foundation, a lower hood mounted to the condenser and without a fixation to the foundation, a rotor adjustably mounted on the bearing, a plurality of blades extending from rotor and an inner casing with one or more axial adjustably mountings between the inner casing and a foundation.
  • the inner casing encases the plurality of blades and is further partially encased by the lower hood while the mountings of the inner casing and the rotor are configured and arranged to independently adjust the mounting of the inner casing and the rotor respectively.
  • the aspect further includes a sensor for measuring an axial clearance between the inner casing and the rotor and a controller that is configured to adjust, by means of the adjustable mountings, the mounting of the inner casing, based on the sensor.
  • the steam turbine may have four adjustable mounts or further have the adjustable mountings arranged in a convex quadrilateral formation to enhance the adjustment.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary steam turbine 10 of double-flow type, to which an exemplary embodiment may be applied.
  • the steam turbine 10 is directly fixed to a condenser (not shown). and has a hood 20 comprising an upper hood 22 and a lower hood 24.
  • An inner casing 40 encases the rotor 30 while the hood 20 at least partially encases the inner casing 40 thus enabling the inner casing 40 it be independently mounted on the foundation 60 by means of an adjustable mounting 42.
  • the upper hood 22 and the lower hood 24 are defined primary by a longitudinal split line at which the two hood 20 sections can be joined with stubs.
  • the upper hood 22 and the lower hood 24 are formed as a single piece.
  • the upper hood 22 and the lower hood 24 are defined by the relative position with the foundation 60, wherein the lower hood 24 is located towards or within, either partially or totally, the foundation 60.
  • the foundation itself may take any form known in the art and thus may be a concrete structure comprising one or multiple parts, or else be a welded or otherwise formed structure.
  • the hood 20 at least partially encases the inner casing and in so doing performs the function of an outer casing.
  • the inner casing 40 which is at least partially encased by the hood 20, is adjustably mounted on a foundation 60 independently of the mounting of the lower hood 24.
  • the configuration of the mounting and the fact that the mounting is independent of the mounting of the lower hood 24 and rotor 30 enables the axial alignment of the inner casing 40 to be adjusted independently of the axial alignment of the rotor 30.
  • the inner casing 40 encases the rotor 30 so as to form an elongated cavity between the inner casing 40 and the rotor 30.
  • blades extending from the rotor 30 towards the inner casing 40 are blades (not shown) of the type known in the field of steam turbines.
  • the gap formed between tips of the blades, distal from the rotor 30 and the inner casing 40 defines the axial clearance between the inner casing 40 and the rotor 30.
  • a sensor (not shown), is used to either measure or estimate this axial clearance as is known in the art.
  • Such known sensors included optical sensing means.
  • the inner casing has four adjustable mounts located in a convex quadrilateral formation, preferably arranged to form a trapezoid to provide precise axial alignment adjustment.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of one possible adjustable mounting 42 that is configured as that enable axial adjustment through two dimensional movements within the mounting.
  • the inner casing is adjustably mounted, preferably with a plurality of adjustable mountings, each of the mounts may be configured with limited axial movement.
  • the configuration of the adjustable mounting 42 shown in Fig. 3 is one such example.
  • as least some of the mounts may be configured to with constrained axial movement to differing degrees.
  • An exemplary method that may be applied to any of the aforementioned exemplary embodiments and variations thereof, includes measuring an axial clearance between the inner casing 40 and rotor 30, using known methods, while the steam turbine 10 is in operation, for example while rotor 30 is rotating at operating speed, and adjusting the adjustable mounting of the inner casing 40 based on the measured axial clearance while the steam turbine remains on line.
  • the adjustment may either by manual adjustment, for example by a technician or else by automated means via, for example, by a controller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP13175099.4A 2013-07-04 2013-07-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung eines Dampfturbinenaxialspiels Withdrawn EP2821593A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13175099.4A EP2821593A1 (de) 2013-07-04 2013-07-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung eines Dampfturbinenaxialspiels

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13175099.4A EP2821593A1 (de) 2013-07-04 2013-07-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung eines Dampfturbinenaxialspiels

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2821593A1 true EP2821593A1 (de) 2015-01-07

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EP13175099.4A Withdrawn EP2821593A1 (de) 2013-07-04 2013-07-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung eines Dampfturbinenaxialspiels

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP2821593A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130149117A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2013-06-13 Takumi Hori Steam turbine casing position adjusting apparatus
US20150167487A1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 General Electric Company Turbomachine cold clearance adjustment
EP3141706A1 (de) 2015-09-09 2017-03-15 General Electric Technology GmbH Dampfturbinenstufen-messsystem und verfahren dafür

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1337907A (fr) * 1962-08-11 1963-09-20 Rateau Soc Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de guidage axial relatif du rotor et du stator de machines tournantes et, notamment, de turbines de grande puissance
US4644270A (en) 1982-08-31 1987-02-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for monitoring housed turbine blading to obtain blading-to-housing distance
US4876505A (en) 1988-05-27 1989-10-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and method for monitoring steam turbine shroud clearance
US5056986A (en) * 1989-11-22 1991-10-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Inner cylinder axial positioning system
DE19629933C1 (de) * 1996-07-24 1997-09-04 Siemens Ag Turbinenanlage mit Schubelement sowie Schubelement
US20120282089A1 (en) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 General Electric Company Support arrangement for a steam turbine lp inner casing
US8403638B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-03-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Wind power generator
US20130149117A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2013-06-13 Takumi Hori Steam turbine casing position adjusting apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1337907A (fr) * 1962-08-11 1963-09-20 Rateau Soc Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de guidage axial relatif du rotor et du stator de machines tournantes et, notamment, de turbines de grande puissance
US4644270A (en) 1982-08-31 1987-02-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for monitoring housed turbine blading to obtain blading-to-housing distance
US4876505A (en) 1988-05-27 1989-10-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and method for monitoring steam turbine shroud clearance
US5056986A (en) * 1989-11-22 1991-10-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Inner cylinder axial positioning system
DE19629933C1 (de) * 1996-07-24 1997-09-04 Siemens Ag Turbinenanlage mit Schubelement sowie Schubelement
US8403638B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-03-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Wind power generator
US20130149117A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2013-06-13 Takumi Hori Steam turbine casing position adjusting apparatus
US20120282089A1 (en) 2011-05-05 2012-11-08 General Electric Company Support arrangement for a steam turbine lp inner casing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
THORSTEN PFISTER ET AL.: "Fiber optic laser Doppler distance sensor for in-situ tip clearance and vibration monitoring of turbo machines", 14TH INT SYMPOSIUM ON APPLICATIONS OF LASER TECHNIQUES TO FLUID MECHANICS LISBON, 7 July 2008 (2008-07-07)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130149117A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2013-06-13 Takumi Hori Steam turbine casing position adjusting apparatus
US9441500B2 (en) * 2011-03-31 2016-09-13 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Steam turbine casing position adjusting apparatus
US20150167487A1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 General Electric Company Turbomachine cold clearance adjustment
US9587511B2 (en) * 2013-12-13 2017-03-07 General Electric Company Turbomachine cold clearance adjustment
EP3141706A1 (de) 2015-09-09 2017-03-15 General Electric Technology GmbH Dampfturbinenstufen-messsystem und verfahren dafür
US10267178B2 (en) 2015-09-09 2019-04-23 General Electric Company Steam turbine stage measurement system and a method

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