EP2821473B1 - Verfahren zur Reinigung einer Oberfläche und Reinigungskonzentrat zur Verwendung dafür - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Reinigung einer Oberfläche und Reinigungskonzentrat zur Verwendung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2821473B1
EP2821473B1 EP13174569.7A EP13174569A EP2821473B1 EP 2821473 B1 EP2821473 B1 EP 2821473B1 EP 13174569 A EP13174569 A EP 13174569A EP 2821473 B1 EP2821473 B1 EP 2821473B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
cleaning
concentrate
polypeptide
cleaning composition
train
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2821473A1 (de
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Hermann Becker
Matthias Reihmann
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Becker Bernhard
Becker Peter Philipp
Gelita AG
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Becker Bernhard
Becker Peter Philipp
Gelita AG
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Priority to EP13174569.7A priority Critical patent/EP2821473B1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/40—Specific cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/44—Multi-step processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for cleaning an article comprising a surface and a cleaning concentrate for use in this method.
  • EP 1 347 039 and DE 10 2007 042 857 describe methods for cleaning dishes wherein enzymes are used.
  • WO 2007/014897 describes the use of surface-active non-enzymatic proteins for washing textiles, wherein the proteins are in particular hydrophobins.
  • articles used outdoor such as vehicles and particularly rail vehicles (such as trains) are exposed to e.g. inorganic substances such as flash rust, dust generated by abrasion of brakes, rails or wheels, biological substances such as insects and other organic substances such as oil and grease.
  • inorganic substances such as flash rust, dust generated by abrasion of brakes, rails or wheels
  • biological substances such as insects and other organic substances such as oil and grease.
  • the type and way of formation of the contamination on the surface of e.g. rail vehicles, where dirt is deposited under significant impact force, in combination with a high frequency of use as well as the exposure to any weather and temperature conditions can lead to contamination on the surface which is particularly difficult to remove by the combined use of mechanical and chemical measures.
  • DD 47897 discloses a combined cleaning method, particularly for the painted surface of trains, wherein the surface to be cleaned is alternately treated with alkaline and acidic cleaning compositions instead of a treatment with only one cleaning composition, being either alkaline or acidic.
  • DE 19651319 is also directed to a method for cleaning vehicles and discloses the combined cleaning of the contaminated surface with an acidic and an alkaline cleaning composition wherein the cleaning compositions are applied to the surface one directly after the other without an intermittent step wherein the first cleaning composition would be rinsed off the surface before the second cleaning composition would be applied.
  • the application of highly acidic or alkaline cleaning compositions may increase cleaning efficiency and may reduce the dwell time of the cleaning composition on the surface prior to rinsing off.
  • the pH of waste water may not be extreme (too acidic or too alkaline) for environmental reasons.
  • the pH may e.g. influence precipitation of contaminants in the waste water system.
  • pH correction in waste water plants is costly and if pH correction leads to the formation of waste slags further costs may incur for their separate disposal.
  • AU 70178/74 surfaces are coated for protection against contamination with a protective layer which is insoluble in neutral and slightly acidic aqueous solutions, but is at least partially soluble in alkaline solutions. It is thus described that - after contamination - the protective layer can be removed together with the dirt by treatment with an alkaline cleaning solution. After drying, the clean surface may then be treated with fresh film-forming solution.
  • the film formed may comprise a polymeric film, for example vinyl acetate-unsaturated acid polymer. An example is provided for such composition to be applied to a surface with a polymer content of above 10 wt.-%.
  • DE 2723493 discloses a protective layer that is applied to a surface that should be kept clean, optionally after fundamental cleaning of the surface.
  • the protective layer is formed from a film-forming composition containing a film-forming agent in a concentration of preferably 10 wt.-%.
  • the film forming compositions also preferably contain organic solvents.
  • a similar disclosure is made in GB 1604562 , which suggests that after contamination (of the protective layer), the protective layer is not completely removed, but only the surface of the protective layer is removed during cleaning so that the surface of the article is not exposed to any treatment when the protective layer is partially replaced.
  • the concentration range of film-forming agents in the compositions is very broadly indicated to be 0.5-80 wt.-%.
  • Exemplary film forming compositions are described with cellulose ethers, polymethylvinyl ether maleic acid anhydride, urea formaldehyde condensate, polyacrylates and silicates.
  • the description also enumerates polyamides as potential film-forming agents in a row with e.g. polyesters.
  • Polypeptides are not named and from the listing of potential film-forming agents it is not to assume that the term polyamides should include polypeptides which are usually able to build hydrogen bonds in contrast to the film forming agents described in GB 1604562 .
  • the appearance of the surface of the article may be negatively influenced by the protective film, which completely covers the surface.
  • the protective film which completely covers the surface.
  • the cleaning compositions applied therein should have good dissolving and/or complexing properties for contaminants during application and also in the generated waste water (also when pH or temperature change), a moderate pH when applied to the surface, good compatibility with surface materials (not being too aggressive), good properties for spraying, applying and wetting, and low aerosol formation when sprayed.
  • the cleaning method should provide in the end for good draining properties of the treated surface, which should appear optically immaticulate. Furthermore, it should provide for long-lasting cleaning efficiency and cleaning intervals should be prolongable without the need to apply environmentally critical substances.
  • the cleaning method and cleaning compositions used therein should be compatible with environmental guidelines and guidelines regarding waste water and waste water plants. Waste water should be recyclable with little formation of waste slags. Ideally, the cleaning method and the compositions used therein should not only passively comply with regulations regarding waste water treatment, but the cleaning method and compositions should be optimized to exceed existing standards. The cleaning method should be cost attractive in terms of procedure and the cleaning compositions used.
  • the inventors of the present invention have now surprisingly found an improved cleaning method.
  • a first cleaning cycle of the cleaning method of the present invention the surface of an article is a) cleaned with a cleaning composition, b) cleaned with a low concentrated polypeptide containing cleaning composition wherein at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is gelatine and optionally c) treated with a drying aid.
  • a second and further cleaning cycles After recontamination of the surface it is only necessary in a second and further cleaning cycles to repeat step b) and optionally step c).
  • the polypeptide containing cleaning composition wherein at least one polypeptide contained therein is gelatine is highly effective for cleaning and the polypeptide concentration in the second cleaning composition can be low, considerably lower than concentrations of film-forming agents suggested in methods of the prior art for keeping a surface clean by providing it with a protective layer. Treatment with the drying aid can serve as finishing to obtain an optically immaculate surface with favorable draining properties.
  • the cleaning method of the invention is highly effective in terms of time and media used as well as it allows for increased intervals of cleaning with a cleaning agent. The method is also of low aggressivity to the surface of the article and optimized in terms of waste management.
  • the present invention is thus directed to a method for cleaning an article comprising a surface wherein the method comprises a first cleaning cycle comprising
  • the surface undergoes a basic cleaning. Existing dirt on the surface can thereby be removed.
  • Conventional cleaning compositions may be applied in this cleaning step.
  • the first cleaning composition is an acidic or alkaline cleaning composition. Acids used in the acidic cleaning composition are e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, amido sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid or oxalic acid. Cleaning compositions with e.g. acetic acid, haloacetic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, gluconic acid, boric acid and/or phosphonic acid may also be used.
  • An alkaline cleaning composition usable as first cleaning composition may e.g.
  • the first cleaning composition may also contain other substances which are typically contained in cleaning compositions such as e.g. surfactants, complexing agents, dispersing agents and/or corrosion inhibitors.
  • the first cleaning composition is an aqueous acidic cleaning composition containing oxalic acid.
  • the first cleaning composition preferably is an aqueous acidic cleaning composition with at least 50 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the aqueous cleaning composition.
  • the cleaning composition has a pH of preferably 0.2 to 2.
  • the pH of the cleaning composition can e.g. be in between 0.6 and 1.2.
  • the cleaning composition can have a pH of 0.9.
  • the first cleaning composition is an aqueous alkaline cleaning composition with at least 50 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the aqueous cleaning composition, and with a pH of 7.5 or more, preferably 8-10.
  • the aqueous cleaning compositions as defined above contain at least 70 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the aqueous cleaning composition.
  • pH is indicated in this specification it is measured at 25°C if it is not stated otherwise.
  • Cleaning efficiency in step (a) can be increased e.g. by the use of brushes, sponges and/or cleaning clothes.
  • the first cleaning composition can be sprayed onto the dry or prewetted surface to be cleaned, be brushed or rubbed in mechanically (to loosen strongly adhering dirt) and then be rinsed off, eventually after some dwell time. Rinsing and prewetting (if applicable) is preferentially done with water.
  • step (a), step (b) and, if optional step (c) is carried out, optional step (c) of the first cleaning cycle of the method are performed in this order
  • the method can of course comprise additional steps before step (a), in between the steps or after step (b) or optional step (c).
  • the method may e.g. comprise prior to step (a) a step of diluting a first cleaning concentrate to obtain the first cleaning composition.
  • the method of the invention may also comprise a further cleaning step between steps (a) and (b), e.g.
  • step (a) when the surface is cleaned in step (a) with an acidic cleaning composition (or an alkaline cleaning composition, respectively) as first cleaning composition the surface may then be additionally cleaned with an alkaline cleaning composition (or an acidic cleaning composition, respectively) before cleaning is continued in step (b).
  • the different steps of the cleaning method may also be repeated.
  • the surface of the article is cleaned with a second cleaning composition.
  • the second cleaning composition contains at least one polypeptide, wherein the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is gelatine.
  • a polypeptide as used herein also encompasses proteins which are long chained polypeptides.
  • the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition has a molecular weight (M R ) of at least 1000 g/mol and not more than 600000 g/mol, more preferably, the molecular weight of the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is from 20000 g/mol to 600000 g/mol.
  • M R molecular weight of the at least one polypeptide can e.g.
  • the second cleaning composition contains a mixture of polypeptides, preferably of polypeptides as defined above.
  • the total amount of polypeptides in the second cleaning composition is in the range from 9.9*10 -6 wt.-% to 1.2*10 -2 wt.-% based on the total weight of the second cleaning composition. Higher concentrations may lead to streaks (wavy lines also called schlieren) on the surface to be cleaned.
  • all polypeptides in the second cleaning composition have a molecular weight (M R ) of at least 1000 g/mol and not more than 600000 g/mol, more preferably from 20000 g/mol to 600000 g/mol, e.g. from 20000 g/mol to 300000 g/mol.
  • M R molecular weight
  • polypeptides are biodegradable the application of polypeptide containing cleaning compositions in a cleaning method can be advantageous over the application of some polymer containing compositions in methods of the prior art for keeping a surface clean by providing it with a protective layer of a polymer which is no polypeptide.
  • the polypeptide concentration of the second cleaning composition can also be considerably lower in the method of the present invention than polymer concentrations used in the prior art for building a protective layer to keep a surface clean.
  • the second cleaning composition has a total amount of polypeptide from 9.9*10 -5 wt.-% to 2.4*10 -3 wt.-%, more preferably from 3.0*10 -4 to 1.2*10 -3 wt.-% based on the total weight of the second cleaning composition.
  • the second cleaning composition containing at least one polypeptide, wherein the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is gelatine, is usually an aqueous liquid containing at least 50 wt.-%, preferably at least 70 wt.-% of water. It usually has good spraying properties so that it can be easily applied to the surface to be cleaned. It is preferred that the second cleaning composition is brushed or rubbed onto the surface mechanically. It is assumed that the polypeptide smoothes surface roughness. It also seems to contribute to a shiny effect of the surface by reduced light scattering.
  • At least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is contained as a molecular dispersion (i.e. dissolved) or as a colloidal dispersion with a particle size in the range from 1 nm to 1000 nm.
  • the second cleaning composition does not contain encapsulated substances.
  • the second cleaning composition may also contain e.g. one or more buffer(s), tenside(s), solubilizer(s), surface modifier(s), fragrance(s), solvent(s) and/or dye(s).
  • the second cleaning composition thus e.g. contains potassium sodium tartrate, alkyl ether sulfate C12-14 with EO, sodium salt, isotridecanol, ethoxylated (>5-20 EO), sodium p-cumenesulfonate, Rewocare 755 (Evonik Industries, Germany), orange terpenes, ethylene glycol, butyl digylcol, a dye, a preservative and/or other known additives for cleaning compositions for cleaning the surface of trains, such as wetting agents and here reference is made to the commercial product Rewocare 755, obtainable form the company Evonik Industries AG, 45127 Essen, Germany.
  • step (c) the surface is treated with a drying aid.
  • Drying aids or rinse aids for use in cleaning processes in particular for vehicles are principally well known in the art.
  • drying aids or rinse aids
  • the drying aid preferably does not render a surface lipophilic, but in contrast render it hydrophilic so that water rather runs off the surface as a film instead of droplets.
  • drying aids preferably used in the present invention provide hydrophilic properties to the surface to be cleaned.
  • the drying aid used in the present invention is therefore preferably selected from a drying aid containing at least one tenside and/or at least one hydrophilic polymer. Examples of suitable tensides and hydrophilic polymers used as drying aids are discussed later.
  • the polymer concentration of the drying aid of optional step (c) is e.g. low compared to the concentrations of polymer compositions used in the prior art in methods for keeping a surface clean by providing it with a polymer protective layer.
  • the concentration is also low compared to concentrations of polymer used in glazing compositions/water repellency compositions of the prior art.
  • the method of the invention preferably also comprises a step of diluting an aqueous drying aid concentrate in order to produce the drying aid used in step (c). Dilution is usually made with water.
  • the drying aid used in step (c) of the method of the present invention also has good spraying properties.
  • the second cleaning composition is an aqueous cleaning composition of low alkalinity with at least 50 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the second cleaning composition, which has a pH in the range from 7.5 to 9.5, preferably in the range of 9 to 9.5
  • the drying aid used in step (c) is an aqueous drying aid with at least 50 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the drying aid, which has a pH lower than the pH of the second cleaning composition.
  • the drying aid for example, has a pH of 7.
  • the aqueous cleaning composition and the aqueous drying aid as defined above contain at least 70 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the aqueous cleaning composition and the aqueous drying aid, respectively.
  • the different pH values can cause the polypeptide which was applied to the surface in step (b) to be less soluble in the drying aid of step (c) than in the second cleaning composition.
  • Treatment of the surface with the drying aid in step (c) may also affect that polypeptide from the second cleaning composition which adheres to the surface after step (b) is not easily removed from the surface during use of the article.
  • the drying aid may stabilize polypeptide on the surface of the article.
  • tanning agents may e.g. be tanning agents from plants, such as extracts from leaves, lumbers, cortices, fruits and roots, mineral tanning agents, such as alum, aluminum salts, particularly aluminum sulfate, and polysulfate, metal salts in combination with the addition of a complexing agent, such as iron and titanium salts, and aldehydes, such as formaldehyde and glutaraldialdehyde.
  • solubility of the polypeptide may be affected by UV-exposure.
  • the surface is neither rinsed (e.g. with water) nor dried in between steps (a) and (b) of the first cleaning cycle.
  • steps (a), (b) and (c) are performed without taking any further steps in between except for eventual dilution steps to prepare the second cleaning composition of step (b) and the drying aid of step (c) from a cleaning concentrate (second cleaning concentrate) and a drying aid concentrate, respectively and rinsing the surface with fresh water or process water in between steps (b) and (c).
  • the method additionally comprises a second cleaning cycle which is carried out after the surface of the article became contaminated after the first cleaning cycle, the second cleaning cycle comprising carrying out step (b) and optionally step (c) as defined above, wherein step (b) and optional step (c) are performed in this order if optional step (c) is carried out.
  • the afore described method additionally comprises one or more further cleaning cycles, each cleaning cycle being performed after contamination of the surface of the article after completion of the previous cleaning cycle, each further cleaning cycle comprising carrying out step (b) and optionally step (c) as defined above, wherein step (b) and optional step (c) are performed in this order if optional step (c) is carried out.
  • No step (a) as described for the first cleaning cycle is performed in the second and further cleaning cycles.
  • a cleaning of the surface with a cleaning composition according to step (a) of the process of the invention is only necessary after e.g. 5 cleaning cycles (not including the first basic cleaning cycle), preferably after 10 cleaning cycles (not including the first basic cleaning cycle).
  • step (a) should be repeated usually after not more than 50 cleaning cycles (not including the first basic cleaning cycle), preferably not more than 30 cleaning cycles (not including the first basic cleaning cycle).
  • step (c) is performed in any cleaning cycle.
  • Brushes or similar means may be used during cleaning in step (b) of the method of the invention.
  • the applied mechanical energy via brushes or similar means helps in e.g. removing the drying agent used in optional step (c) of the previous cleaning cycle.
  • the brushes also help to apply new polypeptide to the surfaces of articles in step (b) by an exchange of remaining polypeptide deposited on the surface from a previous cleaning cycle (old polypeptide) due to the mass ratio of new polypeptide and old polypeptide.
  • the method of cleaning of the present invention thus provides multiple advantages.
  • Basic cleaning according to step (a) as described above can be omitted in following cleaning cycles which is environmentally friendly and which allows to save money and time.
  • the prior art describes cleaning methods that require 40 minutes for cleaning 100 m of train (due to a low velocity of the train required when moving through the cleaning line; if the velocity is increased in conventional methods, cleaning results may be negatively affected or higher concentrations of conventional cleaning compositions have to be used to obtain proper cleaning results)
  • the method according to the invention surprisingly allows to clean 100 m of train in less than 20 minutes, e.g.
  • Cleaning cycles can furthermore be increased.
  • the cleaning method of the present invention only makes re-cleaning of a train with a cleaning agent used in step (a) necessary after 12 months.
  • re-cleaning with a cleaning agent used in step (a) is done after 5-6 months.
  • the train can be cleaned every 3 to 4 weeks with a cleaning cycle which comprises only step (b) and optionally step (c) (maintenance cleaning). If a conventional cleaning composition was used the recontaminated (after basic cleaning) surface of the article in case of trains would have to be cleaned again every 7 days.
  • step (b) is carried out as defined in the first cleaning cycle this means that the second cleaning composition used in step (b) in the second and further cleaning cycles can be the same as the second cleaning composition used in step (b) of the first cleaning cycle. It can, however, also be different as long as the second cleaning composition contains at least one polypeptide, wherein the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is gelatine and the total amount of polypeptide in the second cleaning composition is from 9.9*10 -6 wt.-% to 1.2*10 -2 wt.-% based on the total weight of the second cleaning composition and wherein the second cleaning composition is different from the first cleaning composition.
  • step (b) of all cleaning cycles which contains the same components (the concentrations of the components may differ) is preferred.
  • the drying aid used in optional step (c) in the second and further cleaning cycles can be the same as the drying aid used in step (c) of the first cleaning cycle. This is preferred.
  • the cleaning method of the present invention is a method comprising a step of diluting a first cleaning concentrate containing at least one member of the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol and glycerine and at least 11 wt.-% of oxalic acid, wherein wt.-% is based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate in order to produce the first cleaning composition, which is used in step (a) of the method. More preferably, a first cleaning concentrate containing at least 15 wt.-%, even more preferably at least 20 wt.-% of dissolved oxalic acid based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate is diluted in this step.
  • the ethylene glycol content of the concentrate is preferably at least 50 wt.-% based on the total weight of the concentrate.
  • the high amount of ethylene glycol allows the provision of cleaning concentrate solutions with high concentrations of oxalic acid, which are stable at a broad range of temperatures; particularly at e.g. temperatures ⁇ 5°C or even ⁇ 0°C.
  • the method of the invention thus comprises a step of diluting a cleaning concentrate containing at least 50 wt.-% of ethylene glycol, at least 15 wt.-% of oxalic acid and at most 30 wt.-% of water wherein wt.-% is based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate in order to produce the first cleaning composition, which is used in step (a) of the method.
  • This cleaning concentrate may also contain one or more tensides and phosphoric acid, which is an acid of only medium strength as compared to potentially more harmful strong mineral acids, which are rather avoided in the present invention.
  • Dilution of the cleaning concentrate can be made with water to a concentration of 1.5 wt.-% to 3 wt.-% oxalic acid based on the total weight of the diluted cleaning composition which can e.g. be sprayed on the surface of an article to be cleaned.
  • Such composition only needs a very short contact time on the surface to be cleaned for efficient cleaning. It has been found that e.g. 15.2 m of a contaminated train may be cleaned with such composition per minute. With conventional cleaners for trains only 2.5 m of a contaminated train may be cleaned per minute in some cleaning lines. This is the case when high concentrations of cleaning compositions should be avoided (higher concentrations may provide for better soil removal, but may damage the surface of articles to be cleaned or generate streaks on the surface). To compensate for less effective soil removal of lower concentrated cleaning compositions, dwell time may be increased by reducing the velocity of a train that moves through the cleaning line to e.g. 2.5 m/min instead of 15.2 m/min.
  • An oxalic acid and ethylene glycol containing cleaning composition can also advantageously be used on hot surfaces without prior cooling of the surfaces. This is important with trains, since the motor coach after use can be very hot, but also the entire train surface may significantly heat up upon exposure to the sun.
  • the cleaning concentrate used in the present invention is stable during storage and application of the cleaning composition may be possible around 0°C at which usually only highly aggressive "acidic winter cleaning compositions" (containing e.g. hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and/or amido sulfonic acid) are used for cleaning.
  • the invention is therefore also directed to a method of cleaning comprising a step of diluting a first cleaning concentrate containing at least one member of the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol and glycerine and at least 11 wt.-% of oxalic acid, wherein wt.-% is based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate in order to produce the first cleaning composition, which is used in step (a) of the method, wherein the surface cleaned in step (a) of the method has a temperature of 5°C or lower or of 30°C or higher, preferably of 40°C or higher.
  • the surface of the vehicle can e.g. have a temperature of 30°C to 60°C.
  • the method of the invention is environmentally friendly.
  • the cleaning composition of step (a) is produced as described above by diluting a cleaning concentrate containing at least one member of the group consisting of ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol and glycerine and at least 11 wt.-% of oxalic acid in order to produce the first cleaning composition, which is used in step (a) of the method, and the washing solvent is collected
  • the oxalic acid may be removed from the waste water completely by addition of hydrogen peroxide which allows to reuse the water.
  • the method of the invention therefore also includes a method comprising a step of diluting a second cleaning concentrate having a pH in the range from 7.5 to 9.5 and containing at least one polypeptide, wherein the total amount of polypeptide is from 0.001 wt.-% to 0.5 wt.-% based on the total weight of the concentrate, in order to produce the second cleaning composition which is then used in step (b) of the method of the invention.
  • the second cleaning concentrate is usually an aqueous cleaning concentrate with at least 50 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate. It preferably contains at least one tenside.
  • the total tenside concentration may e.g. be up to 11 wt.-% based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate.
  • the tenside(s) can be, for example, alkylbenzene sulfonate, a-methylester sulfonate, a-sulfonated fatty acids, secondary alkane sulfonate, alcohol sulfate, alcohol ether sulfate, a-olefin sulfonate, sulfo succinic acid ester and/or salts of carboxylic acids.
  • Dilution of cleaning concentrates is usually made with water. Usually, the concentrates are diluted by mixing 1 part by volume of second cleaning concentrate with 40 to 100 parts by volume of water.
  • the second cleaning concentrate from which the second cleaning composition used in step (b) may be prepared by dilution, has a high buffering capacity so that at least 0.175 equivalent amount (Val) of acid per liter of cleaning concentrate, preferably at least 0.204 equivalent amount (Val) of acid per liter of cleaning concentrate has to be added to adjust the pH of the cleaning concentrate to 7. This ensures that after dilution of the cleaning concentrate, the final cleaning solution still has a moderate pH-value which facilitates cleaning but is not environmentally harmful.
  • the pH of the polypeptide containing cleaning composition may affect a shift of the pH on the surface to be cleaned. Polypeptide from a previous cleaning cycle may thus be removed more easily from the surface. Preferably polypeptides of different cleaning cycles do not layer up on the surface to be cleaned.
  • the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is gelatin.
  • gelatine may comprise different polypeptides it is considered one polypeptide (in the sense of one kind of polypeptide) for the purpose of the present invention.
  • Gelatine may be obtained from animals, such as e.g. cattle, chicken, horse, pig or fish. Gelatine is usually obtained from connective tissue or bones of animals, particularly from the skin or bones of pig or cattle or also from poultry and fish.
  • the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is gelatine which creates a pH of 5.50 to 6.00 at 60°C in an aqueous solution of 6.67 wt.-%.
  • the at least one polypeptide contained in the second cleaning composition is preferably gelatine with a molecular weight (M R ) of at least 1000 g/mol and not more than 600000 g/mol, particularly more than 20000 g/mol and not more than 600000 g/mol.
  • the at least one polypeptide can e.g. be gelatine having a molecular weight from 20000 g/mol to 300000 g/mol.
  • the nitrogen content of the gelatine is preferably 16 wt.-% to 19 wt.-%.
  • the hydroxyprolin content is preferably 10 wt.-% to 15 wt.-%.
  • the drying aid used in the present invention is preferably selected from a drying aid containing at least one tenside and/or at least one hydrophilic polymer.
  • a tenside as used herein is considered a compound having amphiphilic properties.
  • a compound which might be considered as both, a tenside or a polymer is designated as tenside.
  • the tenside is preferably a fatty alcohol polyalkylene glycol ether.
  • a C8-C18 alcohol polyalkylene glycol ether is used as drying aid in the present invention.
  • the fatty alcohol polyalkylene glycol ether has preferably less than 100 C-atoms.
  • the hydrophilic polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyvinylalcohol, polyvinylacetate, poly(meth)acrylate, poly(meth)acrylic acid, polyurethane, polyisocanate, polyisothiocyanate and polysuccinimidester. It is more preferably selected from the group consisting of polyvinylalcohol, polyvinylacetate, poly(meth)acrylate and poly(meth)acrylic acid.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is thus a method for cleaning an article comprising a surface wherein the method comprises treating the surface with a drying aid, wherein the drying aid contains at least one tenside as defined above.
  • the total amount of tenside contained in the drying aid is from 10 -8 wt.-% to 10 -6 wt.-%, more preferably from 5*10 -8 wt.-% to 5*10 -7 wt.-% based on the total weight of the drying aid.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention is a method for cleaning an article comprising a surface wherein the method comprises treating the surface with a drying aid, wherein the drying aid contains at least one hydrophilic polymer as defined above.
  • the total amount of hydrophilic polymer contained in the drying aid is from 10 -8 wt.-% to 10 -6 wt.-%, more preferably from 5*10 -8 wt.-% to 5*10 -7 wt.-% based on the total weight of the drying aid.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention is a method for cleaning an article comprising a surface wherein the method comprises treating the surface with a drying aid, wherein the drying aid contains at least one tenside and at least one hydrophilic polymer as defined above.
  • the total amount of tenside and the total amount of hydrophilic polymer contained in the drying aid is from 10 -8 wt.-% to 10 -6 wt.-% each, more preferably from 5*10 -8 wt.-% to 5*10 -7 wt.-% each, based on the total weight of the drying aid.
  • the drying aid contains no polypeptide.
  • a preferred drying aid of the present invention can be obtained by diluting the commercial product Bedos 690 (Boss Chemie, Wittenbach, Switzerland) or the commercial product Propetal 105 (Zschimmer & Schwarz GmbH & Co KG Chemische Fabriken, 56112 Lahnstein, Germany).
  • Bedos 690 is diluted with water prior to its application.
  • the product Bedos 690 is diluted with about 10000000 part of water (per part of Bedos 690).
  • the method of the invention is widely applicable.
  • articles comprising a surface that can be cleaned with the method of the present invention include vehicles such as e.g. a rail vehicle (train, tram etc.), a car, a motor-cycle, a truck, a hanger, and a bus as well as other means of transportation such as an airplane and a ship.
  • the surface itself may e.g. be a metal surface, preferably a coated surface e.g. with paint (lacquer), an anodized surface or a stainless steel surface, etc. It is usually the external surface of articles which is cleaned by the method of the invention.
  • the method of the invention can also be used for cleaning articles comprising a surface wherein the article is e.g. a wind turbine, a traffic sign, a facade of a house, a canvas of a truck or of a marquee.
  • the article is a vehicle, more preferably a train.
  • the method of the invention is usually performed within an automated cleaning line.
  • the current invention is therefore also directed to a cleaning concentrate comprising at least one polypeptide, a tenside and a buffering system, wherein the at least one polypeptide contained in the cleaning concentrate is gelatine and the total amount of polypeptide in the cleaning concentrate is from 0.001 wt.-% to 0.5 wt.-% based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate and the cleaning concentrate has a pH in the range from 7.5 to 9.5 and a buffering capacity so that at least 0.175 equivalent amount (Val) of acid per liter of cleaning concentrate, preferably at least 0.204 equivalent amount (Val) of acid per liter of cleaning concentrate has to be added, to adjust the pH of the cleaning concentrate to 7.
  • the equivalent amount (Val) of acid corresponds to the molar amount of acid per liter of cleaning concentrate that has to be added to adjust the pH of the cleaning concentrate to 7.
  • the acid e.g. HCl or H 2 SO 4
  • the buffering capacity is thus determined with an HCl solution (monoprotic acid)
  • an HCI solution of 0.1 mol/l is used.
  • H 2 SO 4 solution an H 2 SO 4 solution of 0.05 mol/I is used.
  • the cleaning concentrate of the present invention comprises a tenside and a buffering system, wherein the cleaning concentrate has a pH in the range from 7.5 to 9.5 and a buffering capacity so that at least 0.182 mol of HCI per liter of cleaning concentrate, preferably at least 0.216 mol of HCI per liter of cleaning concentrate has to be added to adjust the pH of the cleaning concentrate to 7, whereby the HCI is added to the cleaning concentrate in form of a 0.1 mol/l solution to determine the buffering capacity.
  • a buffering system based on a multicarboxylic acid such as citric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid or maleic acid may be used.
  • a borate buffer may also be used.
  • the cleaning concentrate of the invention comprises as buffering system based on tartaric acid or citric acid. From the cleaning concentrate of the present invention the second cleaning composition to be used in step (b) of the method of the present invention may be prepared upon dilution.
  • the cleaning concentrate according to the invention is an aqueous cleaning concentrate. It contains preferably at least 50 wt.-% water based on the total weight of the aqueous cleaning concentrate.
  • the cleaning concentrate of the present invention can be diluted to different extents, preferably with water, to obtain a cleaning composition which is particularly useful in the method of the present invention.
  • the cleaning concentrate itself is preferably not directly applied to a surface of an article.
  • the cleaning concentrate of the present invention having a moderate pH value and a high buffering capacity is particularly advantageous because it allows to carefully control the pH-value of the cleaning composition after dilution.
  • a moderate pH-value in the second cleaning composition used in step (b) of the method of the invention is particularly advantageous to make best use of the polypeptide in this cleaning composition.
  • polypeptides in particular gelatine are pH-sensitive and thus work best at a moderate pH, e.g. in the range of 4 to 10. Furthermore, when the cleaning composition to be applied to a surface, which is prepared from the cleaning concentrate of the invention, still has a high buffering capacity, it is less affected in terms of pH by eventual remnants of a cleaning composition of a different pH of a previous cleaning step, which might not have been rinsed off the surface with water before the following cleaning step. A rinsing step may thus become omissible speeding up the procedure.
  • the invention thus concerns a cleaning concentrate containing at least one polypeptide, wherein the total amount of polypeptide in the cleaning concentrate is from 0.001 wt.-% to 0.5 wt.-% based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate.
  • At least one polypeptide contained in the cleaning concentrate of the invention is preferably contained as a molecular dispersion (i.e. dissolved) or as a colloidal dispersion with a particle size in the range from 1 nm to 1000 nm.
  • the cleaning concentrate of the present invention does not contain encapsulated substances.
  • the total amount of polypeptide is from 0.01 wt.-% to 0.1 wt.-% based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate, more preferably from 0.03 wt.-% to 0.05 wt.-% based on the total weight of the cleaning concentrate.
  • the at least one polypeptide in the cleaning concentrate of the invention is preferably gelatin which creates a pH of 5.50 to 6.00 at 60°C in an aqueous solution of 6.67 wt.-%.
  • the cleaning concentrates as defined above can be used in the method of the invention, when it comprises a step of diluting the cleaning concentrate to obtain the second cleaning composition.
  • the invention is thus also directed to a cleaning method comprising a step of diluting a polypeptide containing cleaning concentrate, wherein at least one polypeptide contained in the cleaning concentrate is gelatine, in order to produce the second cleaning composition which is used in step (b) of the method.
  • a cleaning method comprising a step of diluting a polypeptide containing cleaning concentrate, wherein at least one polypeptide contained in the cleaning concentrate is gelatine, in order to produce the second cleaning composition which is used in step (b) of the method.
  • the polypeptide is not already a component of the cleaning concentrate, the polypeptide has to be added to the cleaning composition after or during dilution of the cleaning concentrate.
  • Concentrates are generally advantageous (provided that they are safe, e.g. they do not have extreme pH values which are avoided in the present invention) as they have lower transport and storage costs than voluminous diluted compositions.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show schematically conventional cleaning lines that have been used for cleaning a train in the following examples
  • a first cleaning concentrate was prepared as follows: 27 parts by weight of oxalic acid dihydrate were dissolved in 59.21 parts by weight of ethylene glycol at about 30°C. 13.5 parts by weight of ortho phosphoric acid 75%, 0.27 parts by weight of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid and 0.02 parts by weight of Rewocare 755 (Evonic Industries, Germany) were added to the solution.
  • Samples of the cleaning concentrate were stored at temperatures of -5°C, -10°C and -15°C for 14 days each. After storage the samples showed no change such as turbidity, precipitation etc. The samples were still clear solutions. Another sample of the cleaning concentrate was stored at 60°C for 24 h and subsequently slowly cooled to 5°C. No layering, precipitation and color change could be observed in the sample.
  • the first cleaning concentrate For cleaning a train as described below, 1 part by volume of the first cleaning concentrate was mixed with 8 parts by volume of water (when it is referred to water without further specifying the type of water, fresh water is meant hereafter) to obtain the first cleaning composition as applied on the train surface in the cleaning process (cleaning step (a)).
  • the first cleaning composition could be prepared directly in the concentration of use on the train surface, thus omitting the preparation of a first cleaning concentrate and its dilution.
  • a second cleaning concentrate was prepared as follows: 10 parts by weight of potassium hydrogen tartrate were mixed with 35 parts by weight of water at about 40°C. The forming precipitate was dissolved by addition of sodium hydroxide until a pH of 10.2 was obtained. 1.5 parts by weight of alkyl ether sulfate C12-14 with EO, sodium salt (content ⁇ 20 % - ⁇ 30 %) (Texapon NSO UP), 2.1 parts by weight of isotridecanol, ethoxylated (>5-20 EO) (Marlipal O 13/90), 7 parts by weight of sodium cumene sulfonate (content ⁇ 25 % - ⁇ 50 %) (Lutensit TC-CS 40), 0.07 parts by weight of Rewocare 755 (Evonik Industries, Germany), 0.02 parts by weight of orange terpenes, 3 parts by weight of ethylene glycol and 2 parts by weight of butyl diglycol were added to the mixture.
  • This second cleaning concentrate was stored for 14 days without showing any visible change such as turbidity, precipitation etc.
  • the second cleaning concentrate was diluted with water as follows to obtain the second cleaning compositions (table I) as applied at the different stands on the train surface in the cleaning process, see below (cleaning step (b)):
  • second cleaning compositions could be prepared directly in the concentrations of use on the train surface, thus omitting the preparation of a second cleaning concentrate and its dilution.
  • a drying aid concentrate was prepared as follows: 0.454 parts by weight of Bedos 690 (Boss Chemie, Wittenbach, Switzerland) were mixed with 99.496 parts by weight of water. 0.05 parts by weight of a preservative (Parmetol A 26, Schülke & Mayr GmbH, Norderstedt, Germany) were added to avoid formation of streaks in the composition and development of bad odor.
  • the drying aid concentrate was stored for 14 days without showing any visible change such as turbidity, precipitation etc.
  • drying aid concentrate For cleaning a train as described below, 1 part by volume of the drying aid concentrate was mixed with 46500 parts by volume of water to obtain the drying aid as applied on the train surface in the cleaning process (cleaning step (c)).
  • the drying aid could be prepared directly in the concentration of use on the train surface, thus omitting the preparation of the drying aid concentrate and its dilution.
  • a conventional cleaning line ( Figure 1 ) for trains was used to show the effectiveness of the method of the invention using the compositions as defined above.
  • a standard train two-part diesel railcar (series 628 by Düwag, Waggon-Union, AEG i.a.)) having a length of 46 m was used for this example.
  • the train had visible contamination on the train surface.
  • the train moved through the cleaning line with a velocity of 15.2 m/min.
  • the cleaning line had a length of 70 m and the complete cleaning cycle was finished after 23.63 minutes.
  • the train was moved through the cleaning line with a constant velocity (by a tow carriage via a rope).
  • first cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the first cleaning concentrate and 8 parts by volume of water) was sprayed onto the train (cleaning step (a)). After 3.3 m the front of the train reached washing stand A where first cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the first cleaning concentrate and 8 parts by volume of water) was applied to the entire side area of the train and brushed in via side brushes.
  • washing stand B second cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the second cleaning concentrate and 85 parts by volume of water) was applied to the train and brushed in via the side brushes. Immediately after washing stand B the surface of the train was rinsed with process water at postcleaning stand I.
  • second cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the second cleaning concentrate and 85 parts by volume of water) was applied to the rear of the train and brushed in via the top brush by relative movement of washing stand B to the train which was stopped in the cleaning line for this procedure (the tow carriage stands still). This procedure took 8 minutes, which could, however, also be shortened if desired while still obtaining good cleaning results.
  • the train was then used in a conventional manner for 28 days. After this time visible contamination could be seen on the train surface.
  • the contaminated train was again brought to a cleaning line for carrying out a second cleaning cycle.
  • this second cleaning cycle no first cleaning composition was used, but the train was only treated with second cleaning composition - containing the polypeptide - and the drying aid and rinsed.
  • the train was moved through the cleaning line with a constant velocity.
  • second cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the second cleaning concentrate and 100 parts by volume of water) was sprayed onto the train. After 3.3 m the front of the train reached washing stand A where second cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the second cleaning concentrate and 80 parts by volume of water) was applied to the entire side area of the train and brushed in via side brushes.
  • washing stand B second cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the second cleaning concentrate and 85 parts by volume of water) was applied to the train and brushed in via the side brushes. Immediately after washing stand B the surface of the train was rinsed with process water at postcleaning stand I.
  • second cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the second cleaning concentrate and 85 parts by volume of water) was applied to the rear of the train and brushed in via the top brush by relative movement of washing stand B to the train which was stopped in the cleaning line for this procedure (the tow carriage stands still). This procedure took 8 minutes, which could, however, also be shortened if desired while still obtaining good cleaning results.
  • a maintenance cleaning interval of 7 d must be considered for the conventional method. Only with such short cleaning intervals, the appearance of the train at the end of the interval is still acceptable. In practice, however, maintenance cleaning with the conventional method is only performed every 14 days despite the trains being very dirty after 14 days.
  • the method of the invention still saves a total of about 450 liters of concentrates and a total of about 30 hours of cleaning time per year for cleaning a train as described above (table IV).
  • the method of the invention allows maintenance cleaning intervals of 28 (instead of 7 or 14 days) with a still acceptable appearance of the trains at the end of the 28 day use-period.
  • the train was sprayed step-by-step with an alkaline cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of an alkaline cleaning concentrate and 3 parts by volume of water) using manual spray equipment.
  • the cleaning concentrate contained butyl diglycol ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), coconut acid, diethanolamide ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), 2-aminoethanol ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), a mixture of anionic and non-ionic tensides ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%).
  • the sections to be sprayed have to be adjusted as such that the cleaning concentrate does not dry on the surface of the train.
  • the train was moved through a conventional cleaning line ( Figure 2 ) with a constant velocity of 15.2 m/min.
  • the cleaning line had a length of 70 m.
  • the front of the train was sprayed with an insect removing composition (composed of 1 part by volume of an insect removing concentrate and 14 parts by volume of water; the insect removing concentrate containing a mixture of ionogenic and non-ionogenic tensides ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), butyl diglycol ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%) and solvents ( ⁇ 5 wt-%).
  • an insect removing composition Composed of 1 part by volume of an insect removing concentrate and 14 parts by volume of water; the insect removing concentrate containing a mixture of ionogenic and non-ionogenic tensides ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), butyl diglycol ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%) and solvents ( ⁇ 5 wt-%).
  • washing stand A where a cleaning composition (composed of 1 part by volume of the cleaning concentrate and 14 parts by volume of water; the cleaning concentrate containing aluminum sulfate, 18 hydrate, oxalic acid dihydrate (5 - 15 wt.-%), citric acid ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), sodium isoalkyl sulphate ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), alkane sulfone sodium salt ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%) was applied to the entire side area of the train and brushed in via side brushes.
  • a cleaning composition composed of 1 part by volume of the cleaning concentrate and 14 parts by volume of water; the cleaning concentrate containing aluminum sulfate, 18 hydrate, oxalic acid dihydrate (5 - 15 wt.-%), citric acid ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), sodium isoalkyl sulphate ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%), alkane sulfone sodium salt ( ⁇ 5 wt.-%) was applied to the entire side area of the train
  • the train was moved further through the cleaning line and reached washing stand B after 46 m.
  • washing stand B the side areas of the train were brushed thoroughly via the side brushes of the washing stand B while adding water.
  • the train was used under essentially the same conditions as the train that has been cleaned in example 1. After 2 weeks the train surface showed clear signs of contamination and the train had to be subjected to the same conventional maintenance cleaning method as described above.

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Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren zum Reinigen eines Gegenstandes, umfassend eine Oberfläche, wobei das Verfahren einen ersten Reinigungszyklus umfasst, umfassend
    (a) das Reinigen der Oberfläche mit einer ersten Reinigungszusammensetzung,
    (b) das Reinigen der Oberfläche mit einer zweiten Reinigungszusammensetzung, enthaltend zumindest ein Polypeptid, wobei das zumindest eine in der zweiten Reinigungszusammensetzung enthaltene Polypeptid Gelatine ist und die Gesamtmenge an Polypeptid in der zweiten Reinigungszusammensetzung 9,9*10-6 Gew.-% bis 1,2*10-2 Gew.-%, basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der zweiten Reinigungszusammensetzung, beträgt, und wobei sich die zweite Reinigungszusammensetzung von der ersten Reinigungszusammensetzung unterscheidet, und
    (c) gegebenenfalls das Behandeln der Oberfläche mit einem Trocknungshilfsmittel,
    wobei Schritt (a), Schritt (b) und, wenn der optionale Schritt (c) durchgeführt wird, der optionale Schritt (c) in dieser Reihenfolge durchgeführt werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Verfahren außerdem einen zweiten Reinigungszyklus umfasst, der durchgeführt wird, nachdem die Oberfläche des Gegenstandes nach dem ersten Reinigungszyklus verunreinigt wurde, wobei der zweite Reinigungszyklus das Durchführen von Schritt (b) und gegebenenfalls Schritt (c), wie in Anspruch 1 definiert, umfasst, wobei Schritt (b) und der optionale Schritt (c) in dieser Reihenfolge durchgeführt werden, wenn der optionale Schritt (c) durchgeführt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Verfahren außerdem einen oder mehrere weitere Reinigungszyklen umfasst, wobei jeder Reinigungszyklus nach einer Verunreinigung der Oberfläche des Gegenstandes nach Beendigung des vorherigen Reinigungszyklus durchgeführt wird, wobei jeder weitere Reinigungszyklus das Durchführen von Schritt (b) und gegebenenfalls Schritt (c), wie in Anspruch 1 definiert, umfasst, wobei Schritt (b) und der optionale Schritt (c) in dieser Reihenfolge durchgeführt werden, wenn der optionale Schritt (c) durchgeführt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, wobei Schritt (c) in jedem beliebigen Reinigungszyklus durchgeführt wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, umfassend einen Schritt des Verdünnens eines Reinigungskonzentrats, enthaltend zumindest ein Element der Gruppe, bestehend aus Ethylenglycol, 1,2-Propylenglycol, 1,3-Propylenglycol und Glycerin, und zumindest 11 Gew.-% Oxalsäure, wobei Gew.-% auf dem Gesamtgewicht des Reinigungskonzentrats basiert, so dass die erste Reinigungszusammensetzung hergestellt wird, welche in Schritt (a) des Verfahrens verwendet wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, wobei die in Schritt (a) des Verfahrens gereinigte Oberfläche eine Temperatur von 5 °C oder weniger oder 30 °C oder höher, vorzugsweise von 40 °C oder höher hat.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6, umfassend einen Schritt des Verdünnens eines Reinigungskonzentrats mit einem pH im Bereich von 7,5 bis 9,5 und enthaltend zumindest ein Polypeptid, wobei die Gesamtmenge an Polypeptid 0,001 Gew.-% bis 0,5 Gew.-%, basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht des Konzentrats, beträgt, so dass die zweite Reinigungszusammensetzung hergestellt wird, welche in Schritt (b) des Verfahrens verwendet wird.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 7, wobei das zumindest eine Polypeptid, das in der zweiten Reinigungszusammensetzung enthalten ist, Gelatine ist, die einen pH von 5,50 bis 6,00 bei 60 °C in einer wässerigen Lösung von 6,67 Gew.-% erzeugt.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 8, umfassend das Behandeln der Oberfläche mit einem Trocknungshilfsmittel, wobei das Trocknungshilfsmittel zumindest ein Tensid und/oder zumindest ein hydrophiles Polymer enthält.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, umfassend das Behandeln der Oberfläche mit einem Trocknungshilfsmittel, wobei das Trocknungshilfsmittel zumindest ein Tensid enthält und die Gesamtmenge an Tensid in dem Trocknungshilfsmittel 5*10-8 Gew.-% bis 5*10-7 Gew.-%, basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht des Trocknungshilfsmittels, beträgt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, umfassend das Behandeln der Oberfläche mit einem Trocknungshilfsmittel, wobei das Trocknungshilfsmittel zumindest ein hydrophiles Polymer enthält und die Gesamtmenge an hydrophilem Polymer in dem Trocknungshilfsmittel 5*10-8 Gew.-% bis 5*10-7 Gew.-%, basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht des Trocknungshilfsmittels, beträgt.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11, wobei der Gegenstand ein Fahrzeug, vorzugsweise ein Zug ist.
  13. Reinigungskonzentrat, umfassend zumindest ein Polypeptid, ein Tensid und ein Puffersystem, wobei das zumindest eine Polypeptid, das in dem Reinigungskonzentrat enthalten ist, Gelatine ist und die Gesamtmenge an Polypeptid in dem Reinigungskonzentrat 0,001 Gew.-% bis 0,5 Gew.-%, basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht des Reinigungskonzentrats, beträgt und das Reinigungskonzentrat einen pH im Bereich von 7,5 bis 9,5 und eine Pufferkapazität hat, so dass zumindest 0,175 Äquivalentmenge (Val) an Säure pro Liter Reinigungskonzentrat zugegeben werden muss, um den pH des Reinigungskonzentrats auf 7 einzustellen.
  14. Reinigungskonzentrat nach Anspruch 13, wobei das Puffersystem auf Weinsäure oder Zitronensäure basiert.
  15. Reinigungskonzentrat nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, wobei das zumindest eine Polypeptid, das in dem Reinigungskonzentrat enthalten ist, Gelatine ist, die einen pH von 5,50 bis 6,00 bei 60 °C in einer wässerigen Lösung von 6,67 Gew.-% erzeugt.
  16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 12, umfassend einen Schritt des Verdünnens eines Reinigungskonzentrats nach einem der Ansprüche 13 - 15 zur Herstellung der zweiten Reinigungszusammensetzung, welche in Schritt (b) des Verfahrens verwendet wird.
EP13174569.7A 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 Verfahren zur Reinigung einer Oberfläche und Reinigungskonzentrat zur Verwendung dafür Active EP2821473B1 (de)

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US2986471A (en) 1957-10-09 1961-05-30 Eugene D Rudd Surface-protective film-forming materials
ES427328A1 (es) 1973-06-18 1976-09-01 Ardrox Ltd Procedimiento para la obtencion de composiciones liquidas capaces de formar una pelicula solida tras su aplicacion a una superficie solida.
DE2723493B2 (de) 1977-05-25 1980-05-22 Unilease S.A., Luxemburg Verfahren zur Reinhaltung von verschmutzungsgefährdeten Oberflächen
DE19651319A1 (de) 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Otto Albishausen & Co Kg Verfahren zur Reinigung von Fahrzeugen
US20030008794A1 (en) * 2001-06-26 2003-01-09 Diversey Lever, Inc. Rinse-aid composition containing a bio-polypeptide
DE10200727C1 (de) * 2002-01-11 2003-06-12 Clariant Gmbh Umweltfreundliche Reinigungsmittel für Verkehrsmittelaußenflächen
ES2290211T3 (es) * 2002-03-18 2008-02-16 CHEMISCHE FABRIK DR. WEIGERT GMBH & CO. KG. Procedimiento para la limpieza de la vajilla.
CA2617092A1 (en) * 2005-08-01 2007-02-08 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Use of surface-active non-enzymatic proteins for washing textiles
DE102007042857A1 (de) * 2007-09-10 2009-03-12 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Verfahren zum maschinellen Reinigen von Geschirr

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