EP2820664A1 - Electromagnetic actuator having a high unlocking force - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator having a high unlocking force

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Publication number
EP2820664A1
EP2820664A1 EP13712868.2A EP13712868A EP2820664A1 EP 2820664 A1 EP2820664 A1 EP 2820664A1 EP 13712868 A EP13712868 A EP 13712868A EP 2820664 A1 EP2820664 A1 EP 2820664A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
armature
magnet
distance
leg
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13712868.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2820664B1 (en
Inventor
Edouard Dezille
Pascal FRITSCH
Vincent BOITEUX
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hager Electro SAS
Original Assignee
Hager Electro SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hager Electro SAS filed Critical Hager Electro SAS
Priority to PL13712868T priority Critical patent/PL2820664T3/en
Publication of EP2820664A1 publication Critical patent/EP2820664A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2820664B1 publication Critical patent/EP2820664B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2236—Polarised relays comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/14—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by unbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection
    • H01H83/144—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by unbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection with differential transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/24—Parts rotatable or rockable outside coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator of the differential relay type, capable of providing a sufficient unlocking force to trigger, for example, a differential switch lock. It relates more specifically to a high sensitivity actuator device, used in particular in the field of differential protection, when it is considered independently of the mains voltage.
  • This type of electromagnetic actuator conventionally comprises:
  • a fixed frame usually U-shaped, the ends of the two legs constitute two coplanar polar surfaces;
  • a permanent magnet for biasing the magnetic circuit, arranged between the legs of the armature and creating a permanent magnetic force for attracting the pallet towards the polar surfaces, magnetic force acting against a restoring force of 'a spring ;
  • an induction coil surrounding the magnetic circuit connected for example to a circuit to be controlled, in order to modify the initial equilibrium between the magnetic force and the restoring force of the spring.
  • the torque transmitted to the pallet by the permanent magnet opposes the torque exerted by the spring on the pallet.
  • the magnet further allows finer control of the fluxes in the magnetic circuit and renders the sensibility of the actuator higher.
  • the flux created on this occasion in the magnetic circuit by the coil combines with the flux generated by the magnet, destroying the initial mechanical equilibrium. and rotating the pallet, attracted in contact with the pole end surfaces of the frame.
  • the displacement of the pallet causes that of a mechanical member, for example a rod adapted to unlock the lock of a differential switch placed close to the electromagnetic actuator, such that said rod can act on a trigger.
  • the objective of the present invention is thus to overcome the drawbacks of the solutions of the prior art, by proposing an electromagnetic actuator capable of providing a large unlocking force, which is simple in addition to implementation and whose design remains compact. .
  • the aim is also not to increase the volume of the magnet, or those of the pallet and the frame, which is already undesirable from a clutter point of view, and obviously has implications on the operation and behavior of the magnetic circuit.
  • the invention is characterized primarily in that the magnet is positioned in the vicinity of the jamb of the armature opposite the proximal leg of the pivot point of the pallet .
  • the force generated by the magnet can remain identical to what was known, the attraction torque of the pallet towards the polar surfaces of the armature that it generates being substantially greater, because of the increase of the arm of lever between the magnet and the pivot point of the pallet.
  • a setting of the electromagnetic trigger is always necessary, and it is done mainly by adjusting the induction of the magnet.
  • the closer the magnet is to the pivot point the easier the adjustment is because only a small part of the flux of the magnet is used in the useful part of the electromagnetic circuit, that which includes the largest air gap in the electromagnetic circuit. opposite the pivot point of the pallet.
  • the magnets used in this type of actuator are magnets considered easy to adjust and which have a magnetic properties drift compatible with that of the magnetic materials of the frame and pallet. They demagnetize however relatively easily, for example when the magnetic circuit changes.
  • the positioning of the magnet with respect to the reinforcement results from a fine compromise which aims to maximize the attraction torque of the pallet towards the polar surfaces of the armature while avoiding a the saturation of the jamb of the armature opposite the point of pivoting, and secondly the demagnetization of the permanent magnet.
  • the distance A between the magnet and the leg of the armature opposite the proximal leg of the pivot point of the pallet is provided less than half the distance D between the two legs of the armature.
  • the distance A may be greater than the distance B between the magnet and the pallet in the closed position added to the distance C between the magnet and the base of the armature.
  • the distance A is chosen greater than 0.3mm. According to other characteristics of the magnetic circuit of the invention and which allow optimal operation of the trigger, it should be noted that the polar surface of the magnet opposite the pallet is provided greater than 6 mm 2 .
  • the pallet preferably covers:
  • the opening angle of the pallet is limited, in practice between 0 ° and 15 °.
  • FIG. 1 very schematically illustrates a possible configuration for a magnetic circuit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents an actuator whose magnetic circuit obeys the criteria of the invention.
  • the magnetic circuit of a conventional actuator comprises a U-shaped fixed armature (1), a pallet (2) pivotally mounted along an axis (3) in the vicinity of the upper end of the rotor. a leg (4) of the armature (1), and which is in this case represented closed, that is to say that its free end is in contact with the upper end of the other leg (5).
  • a permanent magnet (6) is placed in the immediate vicinity of the jamb (5), the distance A separating them having been artificially increased to improve the clarity of the figure, but being less important than the representation that is made in reality.
  • D is the distance separating said legs (4, 5)
  • A is the distance separating the permanent magnet (6) from the jamb (5)
  • B and C are the distances separating the permanent magnet (6). ) respectively of the pallet (2) and the base (7) of the magnetic armature (1).
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in more detail an exemplary electromagnetic actuator configuration according to the invention with, in a housing (10), the armature (1) and the pallet (2) connected to a pallet plate (1 1) which is rotatably mounted in the housing (3).
  • This sheet (1 1) further comprises a tab (12) on which is fixed an end of a coil spring (13) whose other end is secured to a reinforcing sheet (14) extending along jamb (4).
  • the pallet cooperates with a pusher (15) whose free end protrudes from the casing (10), and which is displaced by it between two positions corresponding to the two positions that can take the pallet (2), respectively in contact and at a distance from the armature (1), according to whether the coil (16) is traversed by a current or not.
  • This coil (16) is mounted on a support (17) surrounding the base (7) of the frame (1), and for this purpose passing through a window (18) formed in the housing (10).
  • the permanent magnet (6) is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the jamb (5), and its positioning obeys the length and distance conditions previously imposed.
  • the pallet (2) is moved relative to the armature (1), it pivots in fact from its position in contact with the end of the leg (5) urged by the spring (13), causing the pusher (15) whose end cooperates with a trigger system, for example a circuit breaker (not shown).
  • a trigger system for example a circuit breaker (not shown).

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic trigger, of the differential relay type, comprising: a U-shaped armature (1), the ends of the two legs (4, 5) of which form two coplanar polar surfaces; a pivoting plate (2) that pivots between two positions, in which it, respectively, is at distance, i.e. there is a gap between it and said armature (1) and, in the armed position of the trigger, it makes contact with said polar surfaces and thus closes the magnetic circuit formed by said armature (1) and said plate (2), the hinge (3) of the plate (2) being located in the immediate vicinity of the end of one of the legs (4) of the armature (1); a permanent magnet (6) for biasing the magnetic circuit, placed between the legs (4, 5) of the armature (1) and creating a permanent magnetic force attracting the plate (2) toward the polar surfaces, which magnetic force acts against a return force exerted by a spring (13); and an inductive coil (16) encircling the magnetic circuit, connected, for example, to a circuit to be controlled, with a view to modifying the initial balance between the magnetic force and the return force of the spring (13). The magnet (6) is positioned in the vicinity of the leg (5) of the armature (1) opposite the leg (4) proximate the hinge (3) of the plate (2).

Description

ACTIONNEUR ELECTROMAGNETIQUE A GRANDE FORCE DE HIGH-STRENGTH ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR
DEVERROUILLAGE UNLOCK
La présente invention a trait à un actionneur électromagnétique du type relais différentiel, capable de fournir une force de déverrouillage suffisante pour faire déclencher par exemple une serrure d'interrupteur différentiel. Elle concerne plus précisément un dispositif actionneur à haute sensibilité, utilisé notamment dans le domaine de la protection différentielle, lorsque celle-ci est envisagée indépendamment de la tension secteur. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator of the differential relay type, capable of providing a sufficient unlocking force to trigger, for example, a differential switch lock. It relates more specifically to a high sensitivity actuator device, used in particular in the field of differential protection, when it is considered independently of the mains voltage.
Ce type d'actionneur électromagnétique comprend classiquement :  This type of electromagnetic actuator conventionally comprises:
- une armature fixe, en général en forme de U, dont les extrémités des deux jambages constituent deux surfaces polaires coplanaires ;  - A fixed frame, usually U-shaped, the ends of the two legs constitute two coplanar polar surfaces;
- une palette pivotante entre deux positions respectivement à distance, c'est à dire laissant subsister un entrefer avec l'armature et, en position armée du déclencheur, au contact desdites surfaces polaires, fermant ainsi le circuit magnétique constitué par ladite armature et ladite palette, le point de rotation de la palette se situant au voisinage immédiat de l'extrémité de l'un des jambages de l'armature ;  a pivoting pallet between two positions respectively at a distance, that is to say leaving an air gap with the armature and, in the armed position of the release, in contact with said polar surfaces, thus closing the magnetic circuit constituted by said armature and said pallet the point of rotation of the pallet being in the immediate vicinity of the end of one of the legs of the armature;
- un aimant permanent de polarisation du circuit magnétique, disposé entre les jambages de l'armature et créant une force magnétique permanente d'attraction de la palette vers les surfaces polaires, force magnétique qui s'exerce à encontre d'une force de rappel d'un ressort ;  a permanent magnet for biasing the magnetic circuit, arranged between the legs of the armature and creating a permanent magnetic force for attracting the pallet towards the polar surfaces, magnetic force acting against a restoring force of 'a spring ;
- une bobine d'induction entourant le circuit magnétique, reliée par exemple à un circuit à contrôler, en vue de modifier l'équilibre initial entre la force magnétique et la force de rappel du ressort.  an induction coil surrounding the magnetic circuit, connected for example to a circuit to be controlled, in order to modify the initial equilibrium between the magnetic force and the restoring force of the spring.
Concrètement, le couple transmis à la palette par l'aimant permanent s'oppose au couple exercé par le ressort sur la palette. L'aimant permet de plus de contrôler de manière plus fine les flux passant dans le circuit magnétique et de rendre la sensibilité de l'actionneur plus élevée.  Concretely, the torque transmitted to the pallet by the permanent magnet opposes the torque exerted by the spring on the pallet. The magnet further allows finer control of the fluxes in the magnetic circuit and renders the sensibility of the actuator higher.
Lorsqu'un courant traverse la bobine, signalant par exemple un incident d'ordre différentiel sur des lignes, le flux créé à cette occasion dans le circuit magnétique par la bobine se combine au flux généré par l'aimant, détruisant l'équilibre mécanique initial et faisant pivoter la palette, attirée au contact des surfaces polaires d'extrémité de l'armature. Le déplacement de la palette entraine celui d'un organe mécanique, par exemple une tige apte à déverrouiller la serrure d'un interrupteur différentiel placé à proximité de l'actionneur électromagnétique, de telle sorte que ladite tige puisse agir sur un déclencheur. When a current flows through the coil, for example signaling a differential-order incident on lines, the flux created on this occasion in the magnetic circuit by the coil combines with the flux generated by the magnet, destroying the initial mechanical equilibrium. and rotating the pallet, attracted in contact with the pole end surfaces of the frame. The displacement of the pallet causes that of a mechanical member, for example a rod adapted to unlock the lock of a differential switch placed close to the electromagnetic actuator, such that said rod can act on a trigger.
Un tel déclencheur électromagnétique est décrit dans son principe dans le brevet FR2630256. Dans ce document, l'aimant permanent est localisé à peu près au milieu de l'armature, parallèlement aux jambages du U. L'inconvénient est alors que le bras de levier entre l'aimant et le point de rotation de la palette est relativement court, et la force magnétique générée par l'aimant permanent n'est pas utilisée de manière optimale puisque le couple s'appliquant au point de pivotement n'est pas maximalisé. Le couple antagoniste dû au ressort ne peut dès lors qu'être du même ordre, et l'actionneur ne fournit qu'une force de déverrouillage modérée. Ce type de déclencheur ne peut donc fonctionner qu'avec des serrures aptes à être déverrouillées avec une force relativement forte.  Such an electromagnetic release is described in principle in the patent FR2630256. In this document, the permanent magnet is located approximately in the middle of the frame, parallel to the legs of the U. The disadvantage is then that the lever arm between the magnet and the point of rotation of the pallet is relatively short, and the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet is not used optimally since the torque applying to the pivot point is not maximized. The antagonistic torque due to the spring can therefore only be of the same order, and the actuator provides only a moderate unlocking force. This type of trigger can only work with locks able to be unlocked with a relatively strong force.
Pour surmonter ce problème, il est alors parfois nécessaire d'introduire des moyens supplémentaires entre le relais et la serrure, qui ont pour fonction de diminuer la force nécessaire au déverrouillage de la serrure.  To overcome this problem, it is sometimes necessary to introduce additional means between the relay and the lock, whose function is to reduce the force required to unlock the lock.
Cette solution n'est cependant pas avantageuse, ni structurellement car elle nécessite l'ajout de composants et donc un plus grand volume dans le boîtier du disjoncteur (en obérant de surcroît la fiabilité de l'ensemble), ni économiquement car elle ajoute des étapes supplémentaires lors de la fabrication de l'appareil.  This solution is however not advantageous, nor structurally because it requires the addition of components and therefore a larger volume in the circuit breaker box (in addition overrating the reliability of the assembly), nor economically because it adds steps during the manufacture of the device.
L'objectif de la présente invention consiste donc à remédier aux inconvénients des solutions de l'art antérieur, en proposant un actionneur électromagnétique capable de fournir une grande force de déverrouillage, qui soit au surplus simple de mise en œuvre et dont la conception reste compacte.  The objective of the present invention is thus to overcome the drawbacks of the solutions of the prior art, by proposing an electromagnetic actuator capable of providing a large unlocking force, which is simple in addition to implementation and whose design remains compact. .
L'objectif visé est au surplus de ne pas augmenter le volume de l'aimant, ou ceux de la palette et de l'armature, ce qui n'est déjà pas souhaitable d'un point de vue encombrement, et a évidemment des incidences sur le fonctionnement et le comportement du circuit magnétique.  The aim is also not to increase the volume of the magnet, or those of the pallet and the frame, which is already undesirable from a clutter point of view, and obviously has implications on the operation and behavior of the magnetic circuit.
Par ailleurs, l'obtention d'une force de déverrouillage supérieure doit être possible sans augmenter la puissance de déclenchement.  In addition, obtaining a higher unlocking force must be possible without increasing the triggering power.
Pour remplir ces objectifs, et d'autres qui apparaîtront dans la suite, l'invention se caractérise à titre principal en ce que l'aimant est positionné au voisinage du jambage de l'armature opposée au jambage proximal du point de pivotement de la palette. La force générée par l'aimant peut rester identique à ce qui était connu, le couple d'attraction de la palette vers les surfaces polaires de l'armature qu'il génère étant sensiblement plus important, du fait de l'augmentation du bras de levier entre l'aimant et le point de pivotement de la palette. To fulfill these objectives, and others that will appear in the following, the invention is characterized primarily in that the magnet is positioned in the vicinity of the jamb of the armature opposite the proximal leg of the pivot point of the pallet . The force generated by the magnet can remain identical to what was known, the attraction torque of the pallet towards the polar surfaces of the armature that it generates being substantially greater, because of the increase of the arm of lever between the magnet and the pivot point of the pallet.
Il est alors possible de dimensionner des moyens ressort générant, lorsque l'équilibre est rompu par l'apparition d'un courant dans la bobine, une force bien supérieure s'appliquant à l'organe mécanique prévu pour actionner un dispositif extérieur.  It is then possible to size spring means generating, when the equilibrium is broken by the appearance of a current in the coil, a much greater force applying to the mechanical member provided for actuating an external device.
Un tel positionnement de l'aimant n'est pas une solution qui s'impose aux spécialistes de ce domaine technique, et doit par conséquent être vu comme tout à fait original dans un tel actionneur électromagnétique pour plusieurs raisons, dont les plus importantes sont :  Such positioning of the magnet is not a solution that is essential to the specialists of this technical field, and must therefore be seen as quite original in such an electromagnetic actuator for several reasons, the most important of which are:
- un réglage du déclencheur électromagnétique est toujours nécessaire, et il se fait surtout par ajustement de l'induction de l'aimant. Or, plus l'aimant est proche du point de pivot, plus le réglage est facile car seule une petite partie du flux de l'aimant est utilisée dans la partie utile du circuit électromagnétique, celle qui comprend l'entrefer le plus important à l'opposé du point de pivotement de la palette.  - A setting of the electromagnetic trigger is always necessary, and it is done mainly by adjusting the induction of the magnet. However, the closer the magnet is to the pivot point, the easier the adjustment is because only a small part of the flux of the magnet is used in the useful part of the electromagnetic circuit, that which includes the largest air gap in the electromagnetic circuit. opposite the pivot point of the pallet.
Le reste est en quelque sorte court-circuité par passage dans le jambage voisin du point de pivotement. Ainsi, si 70 % du flux est dans ce cas, et que seulement 30 % du flux est utile, une variation de 0,01 T de l'aimant se répercute à hauteur de 0,3 x 0,01 T, c'est à dire 0,003 T. Le réglage est alors facile à obtenir, bien plus que dans l'hypothèse inverse, lorsque l'aimant est positionné loin du point de pivotement.  The rest is somehow bypassed by passing into the leg near the pivot point. Thus, if 70% of the flux is in this case, and that only 30% of the flux is useful, a variation of 0.01 T of the magnet echoes at the level of 0.3 x 0.01 T, it is ie 0.003 T. The adjustment is then easy to obtain, much more than in the opposite case, when the magnet is positioned far from the point of pivoting.
- la désaimantation : les aimants utilisés dans ce type d'actionneur, par exemple ceux qui sont connus sous la dénomination AlniCo, sont des aimants considérés comme faciles à régler et qui présentent une dérive des caractéristiques magnétiques compatible avec celle des matériaux magnétiques de l'armature et de la palette. Ils se désaimantent cependant relativement facilement, par exemple lorsque le circuit magnétique change.  demagnetization: the magnets used in this type of actuator, for example those known under the name AlniCo, are magnets considered easy to adjust and which have a magnetic properties drift compatible with that of the magnetic materials of the frame and pallet. They demagnetize however relatively easily, for example when the magnetic circuit changes.
Or, c'est précisément ce qui se passe dans un tel actionneur, car l'aimant ne voit pas le même circuit magnétique selon que la palette est ouverte ou fermée. Cela est cependant beaucoup moins vrai et/ou beaucoup moins important plus l'aimant est plus proche du point de pivotement, car la partie court-circuitée du circuit magnétique ne change guère, et la plus grande partie de flux y passe : dans ces conditions, le circuit magnétique global ne change pas beaucoup lorsqu'il est vu de l'aimant. Cela n'est en revanche plus vrai lorsque l'aimant est placé près du jambage opposé au point de pivotement. - Si l'on rapproche trop l'aimant de ce jambage, son flux va passer directement, latéralement, dans ledit jambage sans passer par la palette, et on risque la saturation dudit jambage de l'armature. However, this is precisely what happens in such an actuator, because the magnet does not see the same magnetic circuit according to whether the pallet is open or closed. This is however much less true and / or much less important the magnet is closer to the pivot point, because the short-circuited part of the magnetic circuit does not It changes little, and most of the flux passes: under these conditions, the overall magnetic circuit does not change much when seen from the magnet. This is no longer true when the magnet is placed near the leg opposite the pivot point. If the magnet is brought too close to this leg, its flow will pass directly, laterally, into said leg without passing through the pallet, and there is a risk of saturation of said leg of the armature.
Dans ces trois perspectives, le réflexe de l'homme de l'art est donc plutôt d'éloigner l'aimant du jambage opposé au point de pivotement, cette position créant trop d'inconvénients/problèmes potentiels.  In these three perspectives, the reflex of those skilled in the art is rather to move the magnet away from the leg opposite the pivot point, this position creating too many disadvantages / potential problems.
La présente solution va par conséquent à encontre des contraintes qui s'imposent et qui dictent en principe à l'homme de l'art la conduite à tenir en termes de conception d'un tel ensemble, selon les connaissances usuelles de ce domaine technique.  The present solution therefore goes against the constraints that are imposed and which dictate in principle to those skilled in the art the conduct to be held in terms of design of such a set, according to the usual knowledge of this technical field.
Le positionnement de l'aimant par rapport à l'armature, selon l'invention, résulte d'un compromis fin qui vise à maximiser le couple d'attraction de la palette vers les surfaces polaires de l'armature tout en évitant d'une part la saturation du jambage de l'armature opposé au point de pivotement, et d'autre part la désaimantation de l'aimant permanent.  The positioning of the magnet with respect to the reinforcement, according to the invention, results from a fine compromise which aims to maximize the attraction torque of the pallet towards the polar surfaces of the armature while avoiding a the saturation of the jamb of the armature opposite the point of pivoting, and secondly the demagnetization of the permanent magnet.
Pour ce faire, la distance A entre l'aimant et le jambage de l'armature opposé au jambage proximal du point de pivotement de la palette est prévue inférieure à la moitié de la distance D séparant les deux jambages de l'armature.  To do this, the distance A between the magnet and the leg of the armature opposite the proximal leg of the pivot point of the pallet is provided less than half the distance D between the two legs of the armature.
Par ailleurs, de préférence, la distance A peut être prévue supérieure à la distance B entre l'aimant et la palette en position fermée additionnée à la distance C entre l'aimant et la base de l'armature.  Furthermore, preferably, the distance A may be greater than the distance B between the magnet and the pallet in the closed position added to the distance C between the magnet and the base of the armature.
De préférence encore, la distance A est choisie supérieure à 0,3mm. Selon d'autres caractéristiques du circuit magnétique propre à l'invention et qui permettent un fonctionnement optimal du déclencheur, il est à noter que la surface polaire de l'aimant en regard de la palette est prévue supérieure à 6 mm2. More preferably, the distance A is chosen greater than 0.3mm. According to other characteristics of the magnetic circuit of the invention and which allow optimal operation of the trigger, it should be noted that the polar surface of the magnet opposite the pallet is provided greater than 6 mm 2 .
Par ailleurs, la palette recouvre de préférence :  In addition, the pallet preferably covers:
- au moins 75 % de la surface polaire de l'aimant qui lui fait face, et entre 30 % et 80 % de la surface polaire du jambage proximal de l'aimant qui lui fait face. Toujours pour réunir les conditions d'un compromis le meilleur possible, il est prévu, selon l'invention, que l'angle d'ouverture de la palette soit limité, en pratique compris entre 0° et 15°. at least 75% of the polar surface of the magnet facing it, and between 30% and 80% of the polar surface of the proximal leg of the magnet facing it. Always to meet the conditions of a compromise the best possible, it is provided according to the invention, the opening angle of the pallet is limited, in practice between 0 ° and 15 °.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :  Other advantages and features will emerge more clearly from the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, given by way of non-limiting example, and represented in the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 illustre très schématiquement une configuration possible pour un circuit magnétique selon l'invention, et  FIG. 1 very schematically illustrates a possible configuration for a magnetic circuit according to the invention, and
- la figure 2 représente un actionneur dont le circuit magnétique obéit aux critères de l'invention.  FIG. 2 represents an actuator whose magnetic circuit obeys the criteria of the invention.
En référence à la figure 1 , le circuit magnétique d'un actionneur classique selon l'invention comporte une armature fixe en U (1 ), une palette (2) montée pivotante selon un axe (3) au voisinage de l'extrémité supérieure d'un jambage (4) de l'armature (1 ), et qui est en l'occurrence représentée fermée, c'est à dire que son extrémité libre est au contact de l'extrémité supérieure de l'autre jambage (5). Un aimant permanent (6) est placé au voisinage immédiat du jambage (5), la distance A les séparant ayant artificiellement été augmentée pour améliorer la clarté de la figure, mais étant moins importante que la représentation qui en est faite dans la réalité.  With reference to FIG. 1, the magnetic circuit of a conventional actuator according to the invention comprises a U-shaped fixed armature (1), a pallet (2) pivotally mounted along an axis (3) in the vicinity of the upper end of the rotor. a leg (4) of the armature (1), and which is in this case represented closed, that is to say that its free end is in contact with the upper end of the other leg (5). A permanent magnet (6) is placed in the immediate vicinity of the jamb (5), the distance A separating them having been artificially increased to improve the clarity of the figure, but being less important than the representation that is made in reality.
Dans cette configuration, D est la distance séparant lesdits jambages (4, 5), A est donc la distance séparant l'aimant permanent (6) du jambage (5), et B et C sont les distances séparant l'aimant permanent (6) respectivement de la palette (2) et de la base (7) de l'armature magnétique (1 ).  In this configuration, D is the distance separating said legs (4, 5), A is the distance separating the permanent magnet (6) from the jamb (5), and B and C are the distances separating the permanent magnet (6). ) respectively of the pallet (2) and the base (7) of the magnetic armature (1).
Ce sont sur ces distances que portent les conditions qui ont été mentionnées auparavant, plus précisément :  These are the distances that have been mentioned previously, namely:
- A < D/2  - A <D / 2
- A > B + C  - A> B + C
- A < 0,3 mm  - at <0.3 mm
Les surfaces polaires (20) et (21 ) respectivement de l'aimant (6) et du jambage (5) qui font face à la palette (2) obéissent aux conditions surfaciques mentionnées précédemment, notamment pour ce qui concerne le taux de recouvrement de ces surfaces (20, 21 ) par la palette (2). De nombreux tests ont en effet montré que ces conditions, lorsqu'elles sont satisfaites, permettent un fonctionnement optimal du déclencheur.  The polar surfaces (20) and (21) respectively of the magnet (6) and the leg (5) which face the pallet (2) obey the aforementioned surface conditions, in particular with regard to the recovery rate of these surfaces (20, 21) by the pallet (2). Numerous tests have shown that these conditions, when they are satisfied, allow the trigger to function optimally.
La figure 2 illustre de manière plus détaillée un exemple de configuration d'actionneur électromagnétique selon l'invention avec, dans un boîtier (10), l'armature (1 ) et la palette (2) reliée à une tôle de palette (1 1 ) qui est montée rotative dans le boîtier en (3). Cette tôle (1 1 ) comporte de plus une patte (12) sur laquelle est fixée une extrémité d'un ressort à boudins (13) dont l'autre extrémité est solidarisée à une tôle d'armature (14) s'étendant le long du jambage (4). FIG. 2 illustrates in more detail an exemplary electromagnetic actuator configuration according to the invention with, in a housing (10), the armature (1) and the pallet (2) connected to a pallet plate (1 1) which is rotatably mounted in the housing (3). This sheet (1 1) further comprises a tab (12) on which is fixed an end of a coil spring (13) whose other end is secured to a reinforcing sheet (14) extending along jamb (4).
La palette coopère avec un poussoir (15) dont l'extrémité libre dépasse du boîtier (10), et qui est déplacé par elle entre deux positions correspondant aux deux positions que peut prendre la palette (2), respectivement au contact et à distance de l'armature (1 ), selon que la bobine (16) est parcourue par un courant ou non. Cette bobine (16) est montée sur un support (17) entourant la base (7) de l'armature (1 ), et passant à cet effet par une fenêtre (18) pratiquée dans le boîtier (10).  The pallet cooperates with a pusher (15) whose free end protrudes from the casing (10), and which is displaced by it between two positions corresponding to the two positions that can take the pallet (2), respectively in contact and at a distance from the armature (1), according to whether the coil (16) is traversed by a current or not. This coil (16) is mounted on a support (17) surrounding the base (7) of the frame (1), and for this purpose passing through a window (18) formed in the housing (10).
L'aimant permanent (6) est disposée à proximité immédiate du jambage (5), et son positionnement obéit aux conditions de longueur et de distance posées auparavant.  The permanent magnet (6) is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the jamb (5), and its positioning obeys the length and distance conditions previously imposed.
Classiquement, en cas d'apparition d'un courant dans la bobine (16) par exemple provoqué par un défaut différentiel dans un circuit, le flux créé par la bobine (16) déséquilibre l'ensemble préalablement en équilibre mécanique, tant que le couple généré par le ressort (13) est égal à celui généré par l'aimant permanent (6).  Conventionally, in case of occurrence of a current in the coil (16) for example caused by a differential defect in a circuit, the flux created by the coil (16) unbalances the assembly previously in mechanical equilibrium, as long as the torque generated by the spring (13) is equal to that generated by the permanent magnet (6).
La palette (2) est se déplace par rapport à l'armature (1 ), elle pivote en fait depuis sa position au contact de l'extrémité du jambage (5) rappelée par le ressort (13), entraînant le poussoir (15) dont l'extrémité coopère avec un système déclencheur, par exemple de disjoncteur (non représenté).  The pallet (2) is moved relative to the armature (1), it pivots in fact from its position in contact with the end of the leg (5) urged by the spring (13), causing the pusher (15) whose end cooperates with a trigger system, for example a circuit breaker (not shown).
Bien entendu, l'exemple ci-dessus ne doit pas être considéré comme exhaustif de l'invention, qui comporte au contraire l'ensemble des variantes de forme et de configurations qui sont à la portée de l'homme de l'art.  Of course, the above example should not be considered exhaustive of the invention, which instead comprises all the variations of shape and configurations that are within the reach of those skilled in the art.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Déclencheur électromagnétique, du type relais différentiel, comprenant : 1. Electromagnetic trip device, of the differential relay type, comprising:
- une armature (1 ) en forme de U, dont les extrémités des deux jambages - a U-shaped frame (1), the ends of both jambs
(4, 5) constituent deux surfaces polaires coplanaires ; (4, 5) constitute two coplanar polar surfaces;
- une palette (2) pivotante entre deux positions respectivement à distance, c'est à dire laissant subsister un entrefer avec l'armature (1 ) et, en position armée du déclencheur, au contact desdites surfaces polaires, fermant ainsi le circuit magnétique constitué par ladite armature (1 ) et ladite palette (2), le point de rotation (3) de la palette (2) se situant au voisinage immédiat de l'extrémité de l'un des jambages (4) de l'armature (1 ) ;  - A pallet (2) pivoting between two positions respectively at a distance, that is to say leaving a gap with the armature (1) and, in the armed position of the trigger, in contact with said polar surfaces, thereby closing the magnetic circuit constituted by said armature (1) and said pallet (2), the point of rotation (3) of the pallet (2) being in the immediate vicinity of the end of one of the legs (4) of the armature (1). );
- un aimant permanent (6) de polarisation du circuit magnétique, disposé entre les jambages (4, 5) de l'armature (1 ) et créant une force magnétique permanente d'attraction de la palette (2) vers les surfaces polaires, force magnétique qui s'exerce à encontre d'une force de rappel d'un ressort (13) ;  a permanent magnet (6) for polarization of the magnetic circuit, arranged between the legs (4, 5) of the armature (1) and creating a permanent magnetic force of attraction of the pallet (2) towards the polar surfaces, force magnetic against a restoring force of a spring (13);
- une bobine d'induction (16) entourant le circuit magnétique, reliée par exemple à un circuit à contrôler, en vue de modifier l'équilibre initial entre la force magnétique et la force de rappel du ressort (13) ;  an induction coil (16) surrounding the magnetic circuit, connected for example to a circuit to be controlled, with a view to modifying the initial equilibrium between the magnetic force and the restoring force of the spring (13);
caractérisé en ce que l'aimant (6) est positionné au voisinage du jambage characterized in that the magnet (6) is positioned in the vicinity of the jamb
(5) de l'armature (1 ) opposée au jambage (4) proximal du point de pivotement (3) de la palette (2). (5) the armature (1) opposite the leg (4) proximal to the pivot point (3) of the pallet (2).
2. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que la distance A entre l'aimant (6) et la jambe (5) de l'armature (1 ) opposée à la jambe (4) proximale du point de pivotement (3) de la palette (2) est inférieure à la moitié de la distance D séparant les deux jambes (4, 5) de l'armature (1 ).  2. Electromagnetic release according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance A between the magnet (6) and the leg (5) of the armature (1) opposite the leg (4) proximal to the pivot point (3). ) of the pallet (2) is less than half the distance D between the two legs (4, 5) of the armature (1).
3. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la distance A est supérieure à la distance B entre l'aimant (6) et la palette (2) en position fermée additionnée à la distance C entre l'aimant (6) et la base (7) de l'armature (1 ). 3. electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance A is greater than the distance B between the magnet (6) and the pallet (2) in the closed position added to the distance C between the magnet (6) and the base (7) of the frame (1).
4. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la distance A est supérieure à 0,3mm. 4. electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance A is greater than 0.3mm.
5. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface polaire (20) de l'aimant (6) en regard de la palette (2) est supérieure à 6 mm2. 5. electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pole surface (20) of the magnet (6) facing the pallet (2) is greater than 6 mm 2 .
6. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la palette (2) recouvre au moins 75 % de la surface polaire (20) de l'aimant (6) qui lui fait face.  6. electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pallet (2) covers at least 75% of the polar surface (20) of the magnet (6) facing it.
7. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la palette (2) recouvre entre 30 % et 80 % de la surface polaire (21 ) du jambage (5) proximal de l'aimant (6) qui lui fait face.  7. electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pallet (2) covers between 30% and 80% of the pole surface (21) of the leg (5) proximal magnet (6) which faces.
8. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'ouverture de la palette (2) est compris entre 0° et 15°.  8. electromagnetic actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opening angle of the pallet (2) is between 0 ° and 15 °.
EP13712868.2A 2012-02-29 2013-02-28 Electromagnetic actuator having a high unlocking force Active EP2820664B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13712868T PL2820664T3 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-28 Electromagnetic actuator having a high unlocking force

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1251866A FR2987493B1 (en) 2012-02-29 2012-02-29 ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR WITH HIGH UNLOCKING FORCE
PCT/FR2013/050413 WO2013128125A1 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-28 Electromagnetic actuator having a high unlocking force

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2820664A1 true EP2820664A1 (en) 2015-01-07
EP2820664B1 EP2820664B1 (en) 2017-01-18

Family

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EP13712868.2A Active EP2820664B1 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-28 Electromagnetic actuator having a high unlocking force

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2820664B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104246957B (en)
AU (1) AU2013224790B2 (en)
ES (1) ES2621667T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2987493B1 (en)
IN (1) IN2014MN01908A (en)
PL (1) PL2820664T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2820664T (en)
WO (1) WO2013128125A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2630256B1 (en) * 1988-04-14 1995-06-23 Merlin Gerin HIGH SENSITIVITY ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER
AT414183B (en) * 1994-06-08 2006-10-15 Tyco Electronics Austria Gmbh BISTABLE SWITCHING DEVICE
NL1004438C2 (en) * 1996-11-05 1998-05-08 Holec Holland Nv Control device for an electric switch and a method of manufacturing it.
KR100452659B1 (en) * 2000-03-28 2004-10-14 마츠시다 덴코 가부시키가이샤 Electromagnet driving apparatus and electromagnetic relay
FR2846470B1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2005-03-04 Schneider Electric Ind Sas ELECTRICAL SWITCHING DEVICE, RELAY AND ELECTRICAL DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2013128125A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2013224790A1 (en) 2014-10-16
PL2820664T3 (en) 2017-07-31
FR2987493B1 (en) 2014-03-21
ES2621667T3 (en) 2017-07-04
AU2013224790B2 (en) 2016-07-07
CN104246957A (en) 2014-12-24
IN2014MN01908A (en) 2015-07-10
FR2987493A1 (en) 2013-08-30
PT2820664T (en) 2017-04-06
WO2013128125A1 (en) 2013-09-06
EP2820664B1 (en) 2017-01-18
CN104246957B (en) 2018-01-02

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