EP2815063A1 - Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device - Google Patents
Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP2815063A1 EP2815063A1 EP13769354.5A EP13769354A EP2815063A1 EP 2815063 A1 EP2815063 A1 EP 2815063A1 EP 13769354 A EP13769354 A EP 13769354A EP 2815063 A1 EP2815063 A1 EP 2815063A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- flow
- fluid
- pulser
- pilot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 17
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
- E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
Definitions
- the current invention includes an apparatus and a method for creating a pulse within the drilling fluid, generally known as drilling mud, that is generated by selectively initiating flow driven bidirectional pulses within a bore pipe.
- a flow throttling device [FTD] that operates without a centrally located valve guide within a newly designed annular flow channel, such that the annular flow channel provides an increased area for the flow of the drilling fluid and also allows for the addition of an intelligent
- the intelligent control system uses a combination of hardware and software tools with downlink capability.
- the downlink tools may be located above or below a positive displacement motor.
- the intelligent control system provides and maintains several parameters that effect drilling or other downhole activity efficiency (i.e. Weight on Bit, Rate of Penetration, Pulse Amplitude, Axial Vibration, Borehole Pressure, etc.) by utilizing a feedback control loop such that the pressure differentials within the collar and associated annulus of the FTD inside a bore pipe provide information for properly controlled, reproducible pressure pulses that exhibit little or no associated signal noise .
- the pulse received "up hole" from the tool down hole includes a series of dynamic pressure changes that provide pressure signals which can be used to interpret inclination, azimuth, gamma ray counts per second, etc. by oilfield personnel . These dynamic pressure changes and resulting signals are utilized to further increase yield in oilfield operations.
- An important advantage of the present disclosure and the associated embodiments is that it decreases sensitivity to fluid flow rate or pressure within easily achievable limits, does not require field adjustment, and is capable of creating recognizable, repeatable, reproducible, yet controlled, clean [i.e. noise free] fluid pulse signals using minimum power due to a unique flow throttling device [FTD] with a pulser that requires no guide, guide pole or other guidance system to operate the main valve, thus reducing wear, clogging and capital investment of unnecessary equipment as well as increasing longevity and dependability in the down hole portion of the MWD tool.
- This MWD tool still utilizes battery, magneto-electric and/or turbine generated energy.
- the present disclosure involves the placement of a Measurement- While-Drilling (MWD) pulser
- a flow throttling device located within a bore pipe in a wellbore incorporating drilling fluids for directional and intelligent drilling.
- the pilot channel location is very different than in any prior application in that the channel is now located on the outside annulus.
- the device include operating a flow throttling device [FTD] that operates without a centrally located valve guide within a newly designed annular flow channel, such that the annular flow channel provides an increased area for the flow of the drilling fluid and also allows for the addition of an intelligent computerized control system using a combination of hardware and software tools with downlink capability.
- the downlink tools may be located above or below a positive displacement motor.
- the intelligent control system provides and maintains several parameters that effect drilling or other downhole activity efficiency (i.e.
- the pulse received "up hole" from the tool down hole includes a series of dynamic pressure changes that provide pressure signals which can be used to interpret inclination, azimuth, gamma ray counts per second, etc. by oilfield personnel . These dynamic pressure changes and resulting signals are utilized to further increase yield in oilfield operations.
- the present invention also discloses a novel device for creating pulses in drilling fluid media flowing through a drill string.
- previous devices also required onsite adjustment of the flow throttling device (FTD) pulser according to the flow volume and fluid pressure and require higher energy consumption due to resistance of the fluid flow as it flows through an opened and throttled position in the drill collar.
- FTD flow throttling device
- the elimination of the centralized guide pole and pilot channel allows, in the current design, larger pressure differential to be created between the pilot flow and the main flow at the main valve thus increasing the control and calibration and operation of the pulser.
- the ability to precisely control the pulser and thus the pressure pulse signals is directly related to cleaner, more distinguishable and more defined signals that can be easier detected and decoded up hole.
- Additional featured benefits of the present inventive device and associated methods include having a pulser tool above and/or below the PDM (positive displacement motor) allowing for intelligence gathering and transmitting of real time data by using the pulser above the motor and as an efficient drilling tool with data being stored in memory below the motor with monitored borehole pressure, acceleration, as well as downhole WOB control, among other drilling parameters.
- Drilling parameter control is accomplished by using a set point and threshold for the given parameter and adjusting based on effects provided by the shock wave generated using the FTD.
- Master control is provided uphole or downhole with a feedback loop from the surface of the well or from intelligent programming incorporated in the pulsing device in the BHA above and/or below the PDM
- the device provided by the current invention allows for the use of a flow throttling device that moves from an initial position to an intermediate and final position in both the upward and downward direction corresponding to the direction of the fluid flow.
- the present invention still avoids the use of springs, the use of which are described in the following patents which are also herewith incorporated by reference as presented in U.S. Pat. No's 3,958,217, 4,901,290, and 5,040,155.
- Figure 1 is an overview of the full flow MWD with feedback control.
- Figure 2 is a close up of the pilot flow screen assembly
- Figure 3 is a detailed cross section of the main valve actuator assembly including the seals.
- Figure 4 shows the lower portion of the pilot actuator assembly, drive shaft and motor.
- Figure 5 is a pulser feedback control flow diagram.
- the pulser assembly [400] device illustrated produces pressure pulses in drilling fluid main flow [1 10] flowing through a tubular hang-off collar [120] and includes a pilot flow upper annulus [160].
- the flow cone [170] is secured to the inner diameter of the hang off collar [120].
- Major assemblies of the MWD are shown as provided including aligned within the bore hole the pilot flow screen assembly [135] and main valve actuator assembly [229] and pilot actuator assembly [335].
- main valve actuator assembly [226] starting from an outside position and moving toward the center of the main valve actuator assembly [226] comprising a main valve [190], a main valve pressure chamber [200], a main valve support block [350], main valve seals [ 225] and flow guide seal [240].
- the same figure shows the main valve feed channel [220], the pilot orifice [250], pilot valve [260], pilot flow shield [270], bellows [280] and the anti-rotation block [290], as well as a cylindrical support shoulder [325] and tool face alignment key [295] that exists below the pilot flow shield [270] for keeping the pulser assembly centered within the bore hole.
- This figure also shows the passage of the main flow [1 10] past the pilot flow screen [130] through the main flow entrance [150], into the flow cone [170], through the main orifice [180] into and around the main valve [190], past the main valve pressure chamber [200], past the main valve seals [225] through the main valve support block [350], after which it combines with the pilot exit flow [320] to become the main exit flow [340].
- the pilot flow [100] flows through the pilot flow screen [130] into the pilot flow screen chamber [140], through the pilot flow upper annulus [160], through the pilot flow lower annulus [210] and into the pilot flow inlet channel [230], where it then flows up into the main valve feed channel [220] until it reaches the main valve pressure chamber [200] where it flows back down the main valve feed channel [220], through the pilot flow exit channel [360], through the pilot orifice [250], past the pilot valve [260] where the pilot exit flow [320] flows over the pilot flow shield [270] where it combines with the main flow [1 10] to become the main exit flow [340] as it exits the pilot valve support block [330] and flows on either side of the rotary magnetic coupling
- the pilot actuator assembly [335] includes a magnetic pressure cup [370], and encompasses the rotary magnetic coupling [300].
- the magnetic pressure cup [370] and the rotary magnetic coupling [300] may comprise several magnets, or one or more components of magnetic or ceramic material exhibiting several magnetic poles within a single component.
- the magnets are located and positioned in such a manner that the rotatry movement or the magnetic pressure cup [370] linearly and axially moves the pilot valve [260].
- the rotary magnetic coupling [300] is actuated by the adjacent drive shaft [305].
- Figure 2 provides details of the pulser assembly in the open position; the pilot flow [100] and main flow [110] both flow through the pilot flow screen assembly [135] and pilot flow screen [130] where a portion of the main flow [110] flows through the pilot flow screen [130].
- the pilot flow [100] flows through the pilot flow screen chamber [140] and into the pilot flow upper annulus [160]. Pilot flow [100] and main flow [1 10] within the pilot flow screen assembly [135] flows through the main flow entrance [150] and through the flow cone [170] and into the main orifice [180] to allow for flow within the main valve feed channel [220].
- Figure 3 describes the main valve actuator assembly [229] and illustrates the flow of the pilot flow [100] and main flow [110] areas with the main valve [190 ] in open position.
- the main flow [1 10] passes through openings in the main valve support block [350] while the pilot flow [100] flows through the pilot flow lower annulus [210], into the pilot flow inlet channel [230] and into the main valve feed channel [220] which puts pressure on the main valve pressure chamber [200] ] when the pilot valve [260] is in closed position.
- the pilot flow passes through openings in the main valve support block [350] while the pilot flow [100] flows through the pilot flow lower annulus [210], into the pilot flow inlet channel [230] and into the main valve feed channel [220] which puts pressure on the main valve pressure chamber [200] ] when the pilot valve [260] is in closed position.
- the pilot flow passes through openings in the main valve support block [350] while the pilot flow [100] flows through the pilot flow lower annulus [210], into the pilot flow in
- pilot flow exit channel [360] then flows out through the pilot flow exit channel [360], through the pilot orifice [250] and over the pilot valve [260].
- seals [225, 226, 227, 228 &240] of the main valve actuator assembly When pilot valve [260] closes, pressure increases through the main valve feed channel [220] into the main valve pressure chamber [200].
- the upper outer seal [227], upper inner seal [225], lower inner seal [226], lower outer seal [228] and flow guide seal [240] keep the pilot flow [100] pressure constrained and equal to the pressure that exists in main flow entrance [150] area.
- Upper outer seal [227] and lower outer seal [228] exclude large particulates from entering into the space where the upper inner seal [225] and lower inner seal [226] reside.
- the upper outer seal [227] and lower outer seal [228] do not support a pressure load and allow a small amount of pilot flow [100] to bypass while excluding particulates from entering the area around the upper inner seal [225] and lower inner seal [226]. This eliminates pressure locking between the inner seals [225, 226] and the outer seals [227, 228].
- the seals are protected and the clearances of the inner seals [225, 226] can be reduced to support high pressure loads.
- the Main exit flow [340] flows parallel along each side of the rotary magnetic coupling [300] which is contained within the magnetic pressure cup [370], past the drive shaft and parallel along each side of the motor [310] down toward the cylindrical support shoulder [325] that includes a tool face alignment key [295] below the pilot flow shield [270].
- the magnetic pressure cup [370] is comprised of a non-magnetic material, and is
- the outer magnets [302] may comprise several magnets, or one or more components of magnetic or ceramic material exhibiting several magnetic poles within a single component.
- the outer magnets [302] are housed in an outer magnet housing [303] that is attached to the drive shaft. Within the magnetic pressure cup [370] are housed the inner magnets [301] which are permanently connected to the pilot valve [260]. .
- outer magnets [302] and the inner magnets [301] are placed so that the magnetic polar regions interact, attracting and repelling as the outer magnets [302] are moved about the inner magnets [301]
- the relational combination of magnetic poles of the moving outer magnets [302] and inner magnets [301] causes the inner magnets [301] to move the pilot valve [260] linearly and interactively without rotating.
- outer magnets [302] and inner magnets [301] to provide movement from rotational motion to linear motion also allows the motor [310] to be located in an air atmospheric environment in lieu of a lubricating fluid
- the information flow on the Pulser Control Flow Diagram in Fig. 5 details the controllable pulser operation sequence.
- the drilling fluid pump known as the mud pump [500] is creating the flow with a certain base line pressure. That fluid pressure is contained in the entirety of the interior of the drill string [510], known as the bore pressure.
- the bore pipe pressure sensor [420] is sensing this pressure increase when the pumps turn on, and send that information to the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) [540] which interprets it.
- the DSP [540] also receives information from the annulus pressure sensor [470] which senses the drilling fluid (mud) pressure as it returns to the pump [500] in the annular (outside) of the drill pipe [520].
- the DSP [540] determines the correct pulser operation settings and sends that information to the pulser motor controller [550].
- the pulser motor controller [550] adjusts the stepper motor [310] current draw, response time, acceleration, duration, revolution, etc. to correspond to the pre-programmed pulser settings [530] from the DSP [540].
- the stepper motor [310] driven by the pulser motor controller [550] operates the pilot actuator assembly [335] from Fig. 1.
- the pilot actuator assembly [335] responding exactly to the pulser motor controller [550], opens and closes the main valve [190], from Fig.
- the main valve [190] opening and closing creates pressure variations of the fluid pressure in the drill string on top of the bore pressure [510] which is created by the mud pump [500].
- the main valve [190] opening and closing also creates pressure variations of the fluid pressure in the annulus of the drill string on top of the base line annulus pressure [520] because the fluid movement restricted by the main valve [190] affects the fluid pressure downstream of the pulser assembly [400] through the drill it jets into the annulus of the bore hole.
- Both the annulus pressure sensor [470] and the bore pipe pressure sensor [420] detecting the pressure variation due to the pulsing and the pump base line pressure sends that information to the DSP [540] which determines the necessary action to be taken to adjust the pulser operation based on the pre-programmed logic.
- the motor [310] rotates the rotary magnetic coupling [300] which transfers the rotary motion to linear motion of the pilot valve [260] by using an anti-rotation block [290].
- the mechanism of the rotary magnetic coupling [300] is immersed in oil and is protected from the drilling fluid flow by a bellows [280] and a pilot flow shield [270].
- pilot fluid flow is blocked and backs up as the pilot fluid in the pilot flow exit channel [360], pilot flow inlet channel [230] and in the pilot flow upper annulus [160] all the way back to the pilot flow screen [130] which is located in the lower velocity flow area due to the larger flow area of the main flow [1 10] and pilot flow [100] where the pilot flow fluid pressure is higher than the fluid flow through the main orifice [1 80 j.
- the pilot fluid flow [100] in the pilot flow exit channel [360] also backs up through the main valve feed channel [220] and into the main valve pressure chamber [200].
- the fluid pressure in the main valve pressure chamber [200] is equal to the main flow [110] pressure, but this pressure is higher relative to the pressure of the main fluid flow in the main orifice [1 80] in front portion of the main valve [190].
- This differential pressure between the pilot flow flow in the main valve pressure chamber (200) area and the main flow through the main orifice [ 180] into the main orifice (180) causes the main valve [190] to act like a piston and to move toward closure [still upward in Figure 1] causing the main orifice [180] to stop the flow of the main fluid flow [1 10] causing the main valve [1 0] to stop the main fluid flow [1 10] through the main orifice [180].
- pilot valve [260] moves the pilot valve [260] away [downward in Figure 1] from the pilot orifice [250] allowing the fluid to exit the pilot exit flow [320] and pass from the pilot flow exit channel [360] relieving the higher pressure in the main valve pressure chamber [200] this causes the fluid pressure to be reduced and the fluid flow to escape.
- the main fluid flow [1 10] is forced to flow through the main orifice [180] to push open [downward in Figure 1] the main valve [190], thus allowing the main fluid [1 10] to bypass the main valve [390] and to flow unencumbered through the remainder of the tool. Pilot Valve in the Open Position
- the main valve [190] When the pilot valve [260] is in the opened position, the main valve [190] is also in the opened position and allows the fluid to pass through the main orifice [ 180] and around the main valve [190], through the openings in the main valve support block [350] through the pilot valve support block [330] and subsequently into the main exit flow [340].
- the information flow on the Pulser Control Flow Diagram in Fig. 5 details the controllable pulser operation sequence.
- the drilling fluid pump known as the mud pump [500] is creating the flow with a certain base line pressure. That fluid pressure is contained in the entirety of the interior of the drill string [510], known as the bore pressure.
- the bore pipe pressure sensor [420] is sensing this pressure increase when the pumps turn on, and sends that information to the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) [540] which interprets it.
- the DSP [540] also receives information from the annulus pressure sensor [470] which senses the drilling fluid (mud) pressure as it returns to the pump [500] in the annular (outside) of the drill pipe [520].
- the DSP [540] determines the correct pulser operation settings and sends that information to the pulser motor controller [550].
- the pulser motor controller [550] adjusts the stepper motor [310] current draw, response time, acceleration, duration, revolution, etc. to correspond to the pre-programmed pulser settings [530] from the DSP [540].
- the stepper motor [310] driven by the pulser motor controller [550] operates the pilot actuator assembly [335] as shown in Fig. 1.
- the pilot actuator assembly [335] responds directly to the pulser motor controller [550], and opens and closes the main valve [190], again shown in Fig.
- the main valve [190] opening and closing creates pressure variations of the fluid pressure in the drill string in addition to the bore pressure [510] which is created by the mud pump [500].
- the main valve [190] opening and closing also creates pressure variations or fluctuations of the fluid pressure in the annulus of the drill string in addition to the base line annulus pressure [520] because the fluid movement restricted by the main valve [190] affects the fluid pressure downstream of the pulser assembly [400] through the drill as the fluid jets into the annulus of the bore hole.
- Both the annulus pressure sensor [470] and the bore pipe pressure sensor [420] detect the pressure variations exhibited by the pulsing pressures and the pump base line pressure. These variations provide signals that are sent as data information to the DSP [540] that determines the necessary action to be taken to adjust the pulser operation based on any pre-programmed logic provided.
- the device illustrated produces pressure pulses for pulsing of the pulser within a main valve actuator assembly of the flow throttling device (FTD) in the vertical upward and downward direction using drilling fluid that flows through a tubular rental collar and an upper annulus which houses the pilot flow.
- FTD flow throttling device
- the passage of the main flow of the drilling fluid flows through the pilot flow screen into the main flow entrance then into the flow cone section and through the main orifice and main valve past the main valve pressure chamber, past the seals, and finally into and through the main valve support block with the flow seal guide.
- the initial drilling fluid combines with the pilot exit fluid and together results in the exit flow of the main fluid.
- the pilot fluid flow continues flowing through the pilot flow screen and into the pilot flow screen chamber then through the pilot flow upper annulus section, the pilot flow lower annulus section and into the pilot flow inlet channel where the fluid flows upward into the main valve feed channel until it reaches the main valve pressure chamber causing upward motion of the pulser.
- the fluid flows back down the main valve feed channel through the pilot flow exit channel and through the pilot orifice and pilot valve at which point the fluid exits the pilot area where it flows over the pilot flow shield and combines with the main flow to comprise the main exit flow as it exits the pilot valve support block and flows down both sides of the rotary magnetic coupling, outside the magnetic pressure cup and eventually past the drive shaft and the motor.
- the motor rotates the rotary magnetic coupling transfers rotary motion to linear motion of the pilot valve by using an anti-rotation block.
- the mechanism of the rotary magnetic coupling is protected from the fluid flow by the use of a bellows and a pilot flow shield.
- the pilot valve blocks and backs up the pilot fluid in the pilot flow exit channel, the pilot flow inlet channel, and in the pilot flow upper annulus, such that the fluid back up and reaches all the way back to the pilot flow screen (which is located in the lower velocity flow area due to the geometry of the larger flow area of the main flow and pilot flow sections such that the pilot flow fluid pressure is higher than the fluid flow through the main orifice).
- the pilot fluid flow in the pilot flow exit channel also backs up through the main valve feed channel and into the main valve pressure chamber.
- the fluid pressure in the main valve pressure chamber is now equal to the main flow pressure but the fluid pressure is higher relative to the pressure of the main fluid flow in the main orifice in the front portion of the main valve.
- the differential pressure between the pilot flow and the main flow through the main orifice causes the main valve to act like a piston and moves toward closure of the main orifice (upward direction in the Figures provided), thereby causing the main valve to provide a stoppage of the flow of the main fluid flow within the main orifice.
- the MWD device utilizes a turbine residing near and within the proximity of a flow diverter.
- the flow diverter diverts drilling mud in an annular flow channel into and away from the turbine blades such that the force of the drilling mud causes the turbine blades and turbine to rotationally spin around an induction coil.
- the induction coil generates electrical power for operating the motor and other instrumentation mentioned previously.
- the motor is connected to the pilot actuator assembly via a drive shaft.
- the pilot actuator assembly comprises a magnetic coupling and pilot assembly.
- the magnetic coupling comprises outer magnets placed in direct relation to inner magnets located within the magnetic pressure cup or magnetic coupling bulkhead. The magnetic coupling translates the rotational motion of the motor, via the outer magnets to linear motion of the inner magnets via magnetic polar interaction.
- the linear motion of the inner magnets moves the pilot assembly, comprising the pilot shaft, and pilot valve, linearly moving the pilot into the pilot seat. This action allows for closing the pilot seat, pressurizing the flow throttling device, closing the flow throttling device orifice, thereby generating a pressure pulse. Further rotation of the motor, drive shaft, via the magnetic coupling, moves the pilot assembly and pilot away from the pilot seat, depressurizing the flow throttling device sliding pressure chamber and opening the flow throttling device and completing the pressure pulse.
- Identical operation of the pilot into and out of the pilot seat orifice can also be accomplished via linear to linear and also rotation to rotation motions of the outer magnets in relation to the inner magnets such that, for example, rotating the outer magnet to rotate the inner magnet to rotate a (rotating) pilot valve causing changes in the pilot pressure, thereby pushing the FTD (flow throttling device) up or down.
- Unique features of the pulser include the combination of middle and lower inner flow channels, flow throttling device, bellows, and upper and lower flow connecting channels possessing angled outlet openings that helps create signals transitioning from both the sealed [closed] and unsealed (open) positions. Additional unique features include a flow cone for transitional flow and a sliding pressure chamber designed to allow for generation of the pressure pulses. The flow throttling device slides axially on a pulser guide pole being pushed by the pressure generated in the sliding pressure chamber when the pilot is in the seated position. Additional data (and increased bit rate) is generated by allowing the fluid to quickly back flow through the unique connecting channel openings when the pilot is in the open position.
- Bi-directional axial movement of the poppet assembly is generated by rotating the motor causing magnets to convert the rotational motion to linear motion which opens and closes the pilot valve.
- the signal generated provides higher data rate in comparison with conventional pulsers because of the bi-directional pulse feature. Cleaner signals are transmitted because the pulse is developed in near-laminar flow within the uniquely designed flow channels and a water hammer effect due to the small amount of time required to close the flow throttling device.
- the method for generating pressure pulses in a drilling fluid flowing downward within a drill string includes starting at an initial first position wherein a pilot (that can seat within a pilot seat which resides at the bottom of the middle inner flow channel) within a lower inner flow channel is not initially engaged with the pilot seat.
- the pilot is held in this position with the magnetic coupling.
- the next step involves rotating the motor causing the magnetic fields of the outer and inner magnets to move the pilot actuator assembly thereby moving the pilot into an engaged position with the pilot seat.
- This motion seals a lower inner flow channel from the middle inner flow channel and forces the inner fluid into a pair of upper connecting flow channels, expanding the sliding pressure chamber, causing a flow throttling device to move up toward a middle annular flow channel and stopping before the orifice seat, thereby causing a flow restriction.
- the flow restriction causes a pressure pulse or pressure increase transmitted uphole.
- fluid remains in the exterior of the lower connecting flow channels, thus reducing the pressure drop across the, pilot seat. This allows for minimal force requirements for holding the pilot in the closed position.
- the pilot moves back to the original or first position away from the pilot orifice while allowing fluid to flow through the second set of lower connecting flow channels within the lower inner flow channel.
- the flow throttling device moves in a downward direction to open along the same direction as the flowing drilling fluid until motionless. This decreases the FTD created pressure restriction of the main drilling fluid flow past the flow throttling device orifice completing the pulse.
- An alternative embodiment includes the motor connected to a drive shaft through a mechanical device such as a worm gear, barrel cam face cam or other mechanical means for converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion to propel the pilot actuator assembly.
- a mechanical device such as a worm gear, barrel cam face cam or other mechanical means for converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion to propel the pilot actuator assembly.
- the main flow and pilot flow enters the main flow entrance and flows through into the flow cone area where the velocity of the fluid flow increases such that the fluid reaches the main orifice and the fluid flow velocity is increased (reducing the pressure and increasing the velocity of the fluid).
- the pressure of the fluid is decreased relative to the entrance flows (main area vs. the orifice area).
- the pilot valve When the pilot valve is in the opened position, the main valve is also in the open position and allows the fluid to pass through the main orifice and around the main valve and through the openings in the main valve support block allowing for the fluid to flow through the opening of the pilot and through the pilot valve support block.
- the device illustrated produces pressure pulses in drilling fluid flowing through a tubular drill collar and upper annular drill collar flow channel.
- the flow cone is secured to the inner diameter of the drill collar.
- the centralizer secures the lower portion of the pulse generating device and is comprised of a non- magnetic, rigid, wear resistant material with outer flow channels.
- the present invention allows for several sized FTD's to be placed in a drilling collar, thereby allowing for different flow restrictions and/or frequencies which will cause an exponential increase in the data rate that can be transmitted up hole.
- the linear motion of the flow throttling device axially is both up and down (along a vertical axial and radial direction without the use of a guide pole).
- the signal provided in conventional technology is by a pulse that can be received up hole by use of a pressure transducer that is able to differentiate pressure pulses (generated downhole). These uphole pulses are then converted into useful signals providing information for the oilfield operators, such as gamma ray counts per second, azimuth, etc.
- Another advantage of the present invention is the ability to create a clean [essentially free of noise] pulse signal that is essentially independent of the fluid flow rate or pressure within the drill collar. The present invention thereby allows for pulses of varying amplitudes (in pressure) and frequencies to significantly increase the bit rate.
- An additional embodiment of the present invention includes a system comprising a controllable pulser that operates sequentially within a downhole assembly such as a drill pipe, that enhances operational efficiency in the removal of hydrocarbon deposits, where the system comprises; a fluid, fluid flow, and a fluid drilling pump which when combined creates fluid flow into a bore pipe annulus such that a base line bore pipe pressure is created and such that fluid flow and bore pipe pressure is contained entirely within a drill string and wherein bore pipe pressure increases and is measured with one or more pressure sensors for sensing bore pipe pressure such that pressure sensor(s) send information to a digital signal processor (DSP) that receives information in the form of digital data from said pressure sensor(s), and wherein pulser utilize computerized instructional software and hardware components included in the digital signal processor (DSP) so that controllable sequential operation of the pulser is obtained utilizing one or more pressure sensors located within a bore pipe annulus located within an outer annular portion of the drill pipe.
- DSP digital signal processor
- the pre-programmed logic is embedded within the software components of the DSP such that the input data supplied to the DSP by one or more pressure sensors correctly determines pulser operation settings allowing for the sending of data that is subsequently received and interpreted by the DSP for controlling a pulser motor controller, wherein the motor controller controls adjustment of a stepper motor's current draw, response time, acceleration, duration, and revolutions corresponding with pre-programmed pulser settings provided by the software components of the DSP and wherein pulses are developed with a pilot actuator assembly that identically match the pulses of the pulser motor controller and operates the opening and closing of a main valve in a sequence dictated by the DSP, thereby creating pressure variations of the fluid pressure resulting from fluid flowing within the drill string and within the bore pipe.
- the main valve opens and closes, thereby creating pressure variations of the fluid pressure in the annulus of the drill string in addition to the base line bore pipe pressure due to fluid flow movement restricted by the main valve, wherein the fluid pressure is also affected downstream of the pulser assembly as the fluid flows through a drill bit and jets within said bore hole pipe annulus.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150555.1A EP3492691A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/336,981 US9133664B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-12-23 | Controlled pressure pulser for coiled tubing applications |
US13/368,997 US9309762B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-21 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (MWD) device |
PCT/US2013/025323 WO2013148005A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150555.1A Division EP3492691A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2815063A1 true EP2815063A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
EP2815063A4 EP2815063A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
EP2815063B1 EP2815063B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
Family
ID=49260987
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13769354.5A Active EP2815063B1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device |
EP19150555.1A Withdrawn EP3492691A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19150555.1A Withdrawn EP3492691A1 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Controlled full flow pressure pulser for measurement while drilling (mwd) device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP2815063B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2896287C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013148005A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9673891B2 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2017-06-06 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Code division multiple access (CDMA) overlay to other multiplexing scheme |
CN105672992A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-06-15 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Method for achieving annulus pressure measurement in whole drilling process |
US12049819B2 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2024-07-30 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Direct drive for a reservoir fluid pump |
CN110318669B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2024-02-27 | 吉林大学 | Hot water drilling system for upward hole at bottom of ice frame |
CN112627806B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Portable electric igniter well-out detection device and use method thereof |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3958217A (en) | 1974-05-10 | 1976-05-18 | Teleco Inc. | Pilot operated mud-pulse valve |
DE3715514C1 (en) | 1987-05-09 | 1988-09-08 | Eastman Christensen Co., Salt Lake City, Utah, Us | |
DE3926908C1 (en) | 1989-08-16 | 1990-10-11 | Eastman Christensen Co., Salt Lake City, Utah, Us | |
EP0617196B1 (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 2000-06-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Digital mud pulse telemetry system |
US6002643A (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-12-14 | Computalog Limited | Pulser |
RU2186210C2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-07-27 | Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственная фирма "Самарские Горизонты" | Telemetering system using positive pulses of drilling mud pressure for information transmission |
US7417920B2 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2008-08-26 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Reciprocating pulser for mud pulse telemetry |
US7180826B2 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2007-02-20 | Teledrill Inc. | Measurement while drilling bi-directional pulser operating in a near laminar annular flow channel |
GB2443415A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-07 | Sondex Plc | A device for creating pressure pulses in the fluid of a borehole |
-
2013
- 2013-02-08 CA CA2896287A patent/CA2896287C/en active Active
- 2013-02-08 WO PCT/US2013/025323 patent/WO2013148005A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-02-08 EP EP13769354.5A patent/EP2815063B1/en active Active
- 2013-02-08 EP EP19150555.1A patent/EP3492691A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2815063A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
CA2896287C (en) | 2020-03-24 |
CA2896287A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
EP2815063B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
EP3492691A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 |
WO2013148005A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
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