EP2808533B1 - Injecteur à carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur à carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2808533B1
EP2808533B1 EP13169668.4A EP13169668A EP2808533B1 EP 2808533 B1 EP2808533 B1 EP 2808533B1 EP 13169668 A EP13169668 A EP 13169668A EP 2808533 B1 EP2808533 B1 EP 2808533B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
entry
exit
nozzle body
spray hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13169668.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2808533A1 (fr
Inventor
Celia Soteriou
Marion Balin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Original Assignee
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies IP Ltd filed Critical Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority to EP13169668.4A priority Critical patent/EP2808533B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2014/057487 priority patent/WO2014191134A1/fr
Publication of EP2808533A1 publication Critical patent/EP2808533A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2808533B1 publication Critical patent/EP2808533B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/184—Discharge orifices having non circular sections

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a fuel injector and more particularly to the shape of the injection holes.
  • Fuel injectors are known to have a housing in which flows the fuel under pressure.
  • the housing has an internal axial bore in which is slidingly arranged a needle that controls a nozzle.
  • the nozzle comprises a valve seat cooperating with the needle to open or close an annulus for the fuel to enter a sac chamber in which are located the entries of spray holes radially extending toward their exit which opens into a combustion chamber.
  • Fuel injectors with a pointed tip have a small sac of which the peripheral wall is a surface of revolution.
  • Such known sac walls are portions of cylinder, of sphere or of any kind of ovoid volume.
  • the present invention aims at solving the above mentioned problem by proposing a nozzle body of the nozzle of a fuel injector.
  • the body has a bore extending along a main axis toward a blind extremity which internally forms a seat for receiving in circumferential contact, a closing member.
  • the tip portion of the bore has a peripheral surface of revolution about the main axis forming a sac chamber.
  • the body is further provided with at least one spray hole axially extending throughout the wall of the body, between an entry that is arranged in the peripheral surface of the sac and an exit opening on the outer surface of the wall.
  • the transversal section of the spray hole In the vicinity of its entry, the transversal section of the spray hole is elongated along an elongation axis or is triangular having its height along the elongation axis and, in the vicinity of the exit, the transversal section of the spray hole is circular.
  • the transversal section of the spray hole continuously and smoothly evolves from the entry to the exit.
  • the nozzle body is further provided with a plurality of spray holes, the axis of the spray holes intersects the peripheral surface of the sac along a line transversal to the main axis of the body.
  • the line of intersection can be a circle.
  • the elongated section of the spray hole is oval or elliptical or oblong.
  • the entries are triangular and alternated upside-down one every two holes so as to arrange said entries in a complementary manner around the peripheral surface of the sac.
  • the axis of the spray hole is in a main plane that is parallel to the main axis and that is at a distance from the main axis.
  • the elongation axis of a transversal section taken in the close vicinity of the entry is inclined relative to said main plane by an inclination angle comprised between 0° and 360°.
  • the elongation axis of the transversal section taken in the close vicinity of the entry is in the main plane, the inclination angle being 0°.
  • the elongation axis of the transversal section taken in the close vicinity of the entry is inclined relative to the main plane, the inclination angle being comprised between 30° and 45°.
  • the main axis and the spray hole axis intersect, the distance d being zero.
  • the spray hole has a ratio length over diameter equal to or greater than 2.5, the length is the distance from the entry to the exit and the diameter is that of the cross-section in the vicinity of the exit.
  • the spray hole is tapered: the area of its cross section diminishes from the entry to the exit.
  • the entry and the exit of the spray hole are rounded avoiding sharp edges.
  • the invention is also about a nozzle of a fuel injector having a nozzle body as described in the preceding paragraphs, a closing member, such as a needle axially arranged in the bore and able to cooperate with the seat.
  • the invention is also about a fuel injector comprising a nozzle a described above.
  • the fuel injector is specially made for diesel fuel.
  • the fuel injector can also be part of the fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the system comprising a fuel injector as set above.
  • Vehicles have their engines equipped with fuel injection systems 10 where pressurized fuel is sent to a plurality of fuel injectors 12.
  • the fuel follows a path toward the nozzle 14 where it is sprayed into a combustion chamber.
  • the nozzle 14 has a nozzle body 16, integral with or distinct from the fuel injector body, which extends along a main axis Z.
  • the nozzle body 16 has a wall 18 internally provided with a bore 20 wherein is slidingly arranged a needle (not represented) cooperating with a seat 22 between an open position, that enables the fuel to flow, and a closed position that retains the fuel upstream the seat 22. Downstream of the seat 22, the nozzle body 16 closes in forming a sac chamber 24 from which depart a plurality of spray holes 26 leading the fuel to the combustion chamber.
  • Figure 1 generally depicts a nozzle body 16 having a pointed tip, thus the sac chamber 24 is relatively small and its peripheral surface 28 is a surface of revolution about the main axis Z.
  • the sac 24 has a frusto conical shape; it could alternatively be a portion of a cylinder of revolution or an ovoid surface, or a semi-sphere or a combination of these surfaces.
  • Each spray hole 26 extends throughout the wall 18 of the body along an axis H between an entry 30 and an exit 32.
  • the entries 30 are circumferentially arranged around the peripheral surface 28 of the sac 24. As better seen on figures 3 to 6 the entries 30 are elongated having a long dimension and a perpendicular short dimension.
  • the entries 30 have the shape of isosceles triangles with rounded corners and are arranged in a complementary manner having their base and apex alternated upside-down. Many other shapes, elongated, triangular, isosceles or not can be chosen.
  • the boundary line of the entry 30, that is the intersection between the spray hole 26 and the peripheral surface 28 slightly differs from the cross section S of the spray hole 26 observed on a plane PH transversal to the axis H of the spray hole 26.
  • a similar explanation is valid for the boundary line of the exit 32 that depends upon the shape of the outer surface 38 of the wall 18.
  • the line of intersection between a plane and a non-perpendicular cylinder of revolution is an ellipse and not a circle.
  • the spray holes 26 shall be described between an inner transversal plane PHI that is very close to the entry 30 and an outer transversal plane PHO that is very close to the exit 32 - figure 2 .
  • the inner cross section SI of the spray hole 26 is elongated along an elongation axis E.
  • the inner cross section SI can be an ellipse as in figure 3 , an oblong as in figure 4 , or any kind of oval.
  • the elongation can be more or less important.
  • the triangular alternative illustrated on figure 7 , shall be considered as the elongated shapes, the height of the triangles corresponding to the elongation axis E.
  • the outer cross section SO of the spray hole 26 is circular whatever the shape of entry 30.
  • the cross section S of the spray hole 26 regularly and continuously evolves from the inner cross section SI to the outer cross section SO. Furthermore, the spray hole 26 is tapered toward the exit 32, the area of the inner cross section SI being larger than the area of the outer cross section SO. Alternatively the inner and outer sections could have equal areas.
  • the axis H of the spray hole 26 intersects the main axis Z thus defining a main plane PM in which lie the elongation axes E of all the cross sections S of the spray hole 26.
  • the entries 30 are arranged on the peripheral surface 28 so their short dimensions lie on a circle line C that centers on the main axis Z.
  • the elongated or triangular shape of the entries 30 enable to arrange around the sac 24 more holes than in the case of circular entries.
  • the elongation axes E of all the cross sections S of the spray hole 26 are coplanar all axes being included in the same plane, but are making a constant angle A1 with the main plane PM. Consequently the entry 30 is inclined as shown on figure 5 or 6 and, all the entries 30 are set around the sac in a tilted arrangement.
  • the constant angle A1 can be chosen at any value between 0° and 90°. When equal to 0°, this alternative is identical to the first embodiment and, when equal to 90°, the long dimension of the entries 30 aligns on the circle line C.
  • An intermediate value of the fixed angle A1 is chosen on figures 5 and 6 .
  • the spray hole 26 internal surface is generated by a straight line having an elongated, or triangular, extremity at the entry and a circular extremity at the exit.
  • the elongation axes E are not coplanar but are, relative to the main plane PM, regularly rotated by an evolving angle A2, so forming a helical surface SH.
  • the elongation axis E of the inner cross section SI can also be inclined relative to the main plane PM at any angle.
  • the helical surface SH can twist by a complete turn, 360°, or even more.
  • the angle A2 of the elongation axis E at the exit can also be inclined relative to the main plane PM by any angle between 0° and 360°, for instance, the angle A2 at the entry can be 50° when the angle A2 at the exit is 30°.
  • a third alternative which geometry is sketched in figures 11, 12 and 13 the axis H of the spray hole and the main axis Z do not intersect.
  • the two axes H, Z are at a distance d from each other.
  • a main plane still identified for simplicity as the main plane PM, defined as the plane that is parallel to and distant from the main axis Z and wherein the axis H of the spray hole 26 lies.
  • the main axis Z is at the distance d from the main plane PM.
  • the spray hole 26 can be a surface generated by a straight line evolving from the elongated inner cross section SI to the circular outer cross section SO, the elongation axis E having a constant angle A1, chosen between 0° and 90°, relative to the main plane PM - figures 11 and 12 .
  • the spray hole 26 can also form a helical surface SH - figure 13 - with an elongated inner cross section SI being inclined relative to the main plane PM at any angle between 0° and 90°.
  • the alternatives of the third embodiment - figures 10, 11 and 12 - differ from the first and second embodiment by the distance d, which is non-zero while in the first and second embodiments it is zero. Still, the shape of the spray hole 26 is not affected by the distance d so, whatever choice is made for the shape, the profile, the elongation or the inclination angle, the choice can be duplicated in all alternatives.
  • the spray holes 26 have a length L over diameter D ratio greater than 2.5.
  • the length L is the distance from the entry 30 to the exit 32 while the diameter D is that of the outer cross section SO.
  • the entries 30 and exits 32 can be smoothed with a chamfer or a rounded toric surface.
  • the invention is primary intended for a diesel fuel injection system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Corps de buse (16) de la buse (14) d'un injecteur de carburant (12), le corps (16) ayant un perçage (20) s'étendant le long d'un axe principal (Z) vers une extrémité borgne qui forme à l'intérieur un siège (22) pour recevoir en contact circonférentiel un élément de fermeture, la portion terminale du perçage (20) ayant une surface périphérique (28) de révolution autour de l'axe principal (Z) formant une chambre en cul-de-sac (24), le corps (14) étant en outre doté d'au moins un trou de pulvérisation (26) s'étendant axialement (H) à travers la paroi (18) du corps (16), entre une entrée (30) qui est agencée dans la surface périphérique (28) du cul-de-sac (24) et une sortie (32) ouverte sur la surface extérieure (38) de la paroi (18),
    caractérisé en ce que
    au voisinage de son entrée (30), la section transversale (SI) du trou de pulvérisation (26) est allongée le long d'un axe d'élongation (E) et est ovale ou elliptique ou oblongue, ou triangulaire en ayant sa hauteur le long de l'axe d'élongation (E), les entrées triangulaires (30) ayant des coins arrondis et étant renversées alternativement dans le sens haut/bas tous les deux trous, les triangles étant agencés de manière complémentaire avec leur base et leur sommet alternativement dans le sens haut/bas, de manière à agencer lesdites entrées (30) d'une manière complémentaire autour de la surface périphérique (21) du cul-de-sac (24) et,
    dans le voisinage de la sortie (32) la section transversale (SO) du trou de pulvérisation (26) est circulaire et,
    la section transversale (S) du trou de pulvérisation (26) évolue en continu et en douceur depuis l'entrée (30) jusqu'à la sortie (32), et dans lequel
    le corps de buse (16) est en outre doté d'une pluralité de trous de pulvérisation (26), l'axe (H) des trous de pulvérisation (26) recoupant la surface périphérique (28) du cul-de-sac (24) le long d'une ligne (C) transversale à l'axe principal (Z) du corps (16).
  2. Corps de buse (16) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel l'axe (H) du trou de pulvérisation (26) est dans un plan principal (PM) qui est parallèle à l'axe principal (Z) et qui est à une distance (d) depuis l'axe principal (Z), l'axe d'élongation (E) d'une section transversale (SI) prise au voisinage étroit de l'entrée (30) étant incliné par rapport audit plan principal (PM) sous un angle d'inclinaison (A1, A2) compris entre 0° et 360°.
  3. Corps de buse (16) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'axe d'élongation (E) de la section transversale (SI) pris au voisinage étroit de l'entrée (30) est dans le plan principal (PM), l'angle d'inclinaison (A1, A2) étant égal à 0°.
  4. Corps de buse (16) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'axe d'élongation (E) de la section transversale (SI), pris au voisinage étroit de l'entrée (30) est incliné par rapport au plan principal (PM), l'angle d'inclinaison (A1, A2) étant compris entre 30° et 45°.
  5. Corps de buse (16) selon les revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel depuis l'entrée (30) jusqu'à la sortie (32), l'angle d'inclinaison (A1) de l'axe allongé (E) d'une quelconque section transversale (S) est constant, les axes d'élongation (E) des sections transversales (SI, S, SO) étant coplanaires.
  6. Corps de buse (16) selon les revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel depuis l'entrée (30) jusqu'à la sortie (32), l'angle d'inclinaison (A2) de l'axe allongé (E) des sections transversales (S) évolue, les axes d'élongation (E) des sections transversales (SI, S, SO) formant une surface hélicoïdale (SH).
  7. Corps de buse (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, dans lequel l'axe principal (Z) et l'axe du trou de pulvérisation (H) se recoupent, la distance (d) étant égale à zéro.
  8. Corps de buse (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le trou de pulvérisation (26) présente un rapport longueur (L) sur diamètre (D) égal ou supérieur à 2,5, la longueur (L) étant la distance depuis l'entrée jusqu'à la sortie et le diamètre (D) étant celui de la section transversale (SO) au voisinage de la sortie (32).
  9. Corps de buse (16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le trou de pulvérisation (26) est effilé, la superficie de section transversale (S) diminuant depuis l'entrée (30) jusqu'à la sortie (32).
  10. Corps de buse (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'entrée (30) et la sortie (32) du trou de pulvérisation (26) sont arrondies en évitant des bords acérés.
  11. Buse (14) d'un injecteur de carburant (12) ayant un corps de buse (16) tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, un élément de fermeture, comme un pointeau, étant agencé axialement dans le perçage (20) et étant capable de coopérer avec le siège (22).
  12. Injecteur de carburant (12) comprenant une buse (14) telle que définie dans la revendication 11.
  13. Injecteur de carburant (12) selon la revendication 12, réalisé spécialement pour du carburant diesel.
  14. Système d'injection de carburant (10) pour un moteur à combustion interne, le système (10) comprenant un injecteur de carburant (12) tel que défini dans l'une quelconque des revendications 12 ou 13.
EP13169668.4A 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Injecteur à carburant Active EP2808533B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13169668.4A EP2808533B1 (fr) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Injecteur à carburant
PCT/EP2014/057487 WO2014191134A1 (fr) 2013-05-29 2014-04-14 Injecteur de carburant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13169668.4A EP2808533B1 (fr) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Injecteur à carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2808533A1 EP2808533A1 (fr) 2014-12-03
EP2808533B1 true EP2808533B1 (fr) 2019-08-14

Family

ID=48534244

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13169668.4A Active EP2808533B1 (fr) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Injecteur à carburant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2808533B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014191134A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6380123B2 (ja) * 2015-01-22 2018-08-29 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射ノズル
SE539875C2 (en) * 2015-09-14 2017-12-27 Scania Cv Ab A fuel injector
JP2017106418A (ja) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射弁及びその製造方法
US10612508B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2020-04-07 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector for internal combustion engines
WO2020056270A1 (fr) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Buse à trou traversant
GB2593892B (en) * 2020-04-06 2022-08-03 Delphi Automotive Systems Lux Fuel Injector

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19931890A1 (de) * 1999-07-08 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Düsenkörper für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse mit optimierter Spritzlochkanalgeometrie
DE10026324A1 (de) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
DE10330256A1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10336737A1 (de) * 2003-08-11 2005-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
WO2012106512A2 (fr) * 2011-02-02 2012-08-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Buse et son procédé de fabrication

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2808533A1 (fr) 2014-12-03
WO2014191134A1 (fr) 2014-12-04

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