EP2808533B1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse - Google Patents

Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2808533B1
EP2808533B1 EP13169668.4A EP13169668A EP2808533B1 EP 2808533 B1 EP2808533 B1 EP 2808533B1 EP 13169668 A EP13169668 A EP 13169668A EP 2808533 B1 EP2808533 B1 EP 2808533B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
entry
exit
nozzle body
spray hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13169668.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2808533A1 (de
Inventor
Celia Soteriou
Marion Balin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
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Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Delphi Technologies IP Ltd filed Critical Delphi Technologies IP Ltd
Priority to EP13169668.4A priority Critical patent/EP2808533B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2014/057487 priority patent/WO2014191134A1/en
Publication of EP2808533A1 publication Critical patent/EP2808533A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2808533B1 publication Critical patent/EP2808533B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/184—Discharge orifices having non circular sections

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a fuel injector and more particularly to the shape of the injection holes.
  • Fuel injectors are known to have a housing in which flows the fuel under pressure.
  • the housing has an internal axial bore in which is slidingly arranged a needle that controls a nozzle.
  • the nozzle comprises a valve seat cooperating with the needle to open or close an annulus for the fuel to enter a sac chamber in which are located the entries of spray holes radially extending toward their exit which opens into a combustion chamber.
  • Fuel injectors with a pointed tip have a small sac of which the peripheral wall is a surface of revolution.
  • Such known sac walls are portions of cylinder, of sphere or of any kind of ovoid volume.
  • the present invention aims at solving the above mentioned problem by proposing a nozzle body of the nozzle of a fuel injector.
  • the body has a bore extending along a main axis toward a blind extremity which internally forms a seat for receiving in circumferential contact, a closing member.
  • the tip portion of the bore has a peripheral surface of revolution about the main axis forming a sac chamber.
  • the body is further provided with at least one spray hole axially extending throughout the wall of the body, between an entry that is arranged in the peripheral surface of the sac and an exit opening on the outer surface of the wall.
  • the transversal section of the spray hole In the vicinity of its entry, the transversal section of the spray hole is elongated along an elongation axis or is triangular having its height along the elongation axis and, in the vicinity of the exit, the transversal section of the spray hole is circular.
  • the transversal section of the spray hole continuously and smoothly evolves from the entry to the exit.
  • the nozzle body is further provided with a plurality of spray holes, the axis of the spray holes intersects the peripheral surface of the sac along a line transversal to the main axis of the body.
  • the line of intersection can be a circle.
  • the elongated section of the spray hole is oval or elliptical or oblong.
  • the entries are triangular and alternated upside-down one every two holes so as to arrange said entries in a complementary manner around the peripheral surface of the sac.
  • the axis of the spray hole is in a main plane that is parallel to the main axis and that is at a distance from the main axis.
  • the elongation axis of a transversal section taken in the close vicinity of the entry is inclined relative to said main plane by an inclination angle comprised between 0° and 360°.
  • the elongation axis of the transversal section taken in the close vicinity of the entry is in the main plane, the inclination angle being 0°.
  • the elongation axis of the transversal section taken in the close vicinity of the entry is inclined relative to the main plane, the inclination angle being comprised between 30° and 45°.
  • the main axis and the spray hole axis intersect, the distance d being zero.
  • the spray hole has a ratio length over diameter equal to or greater than 2.5, the length is the distance from the entry to the exit and the diameter is that of the cross-section in the vicinity of the exit.
  • the spray hole is tapered: the area of its cross section diminishes from the entry to the exit.
  • the entry and the exit of the spray hole are rounded avoiding sharp edges.
  • the invention is also about a nozzle of a fuel injector having a nozzle body as described in the preceding paragraphs, a closing member, such as a needle axially arranged in the bore and able to cooperate with the seat.
  • the invention is also about a fuel injector comprising a nozzle a described above.
  • the fuel injector is specially made for diesel fuel.
  • the fuel injector can also be part of the fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine, the system comprising a fuel injector as set above.
  • Vehicles have their engines equipped with fuel injection systems 10 where pressurized fuel is sent to a plurality of fuel injectors 12.
  • the fuel follows a path toward the nozzle 14 where it is sprayed into a combustion chamber.
  • the nozzle 14 has a nozzle body 16, integral with or distinct from the fuel injector body, which extends along a main axis Z.
  • the nozzle body 16 has a wall 18 internally provided with a bore 20 wherein is slidingly arranged a needle (not represented) cooperating with a seat 22 between an open position, that enables the fuel to flow, and a closed position that retains the fuel upstream the seat 22. Downstream of the seat 22, the nozzle body 16 closes in forming a sac chamber 24 from which depart a plurality of spray holes 26 leading the fuel to the combustion chamber.
  • Figure 1 generally depicts a nozzle body 16 having a pointed tip, thus the sac chamber 24 is relatively small and its peripheral surface 28 is a surface of revolution about the main axis Z.
  • the sac 24 has a frusto conical shape; it could alternatively be a portion of a cylinder of revolution or an ovoid surface, or a semi-sphere or a combination of these surfaces.
  • Each spray hole 26 extends throughout the wall 18 of the body along an axis H between an entry 30 and an exit 32.
  • the entries 30 are circumferentially arranged around the peripheral surface 28 of the sac 24. As better seen on figures 3 to 6 the entries 30 are elongated having a long dimension and a perpendicular short dimension.
  • the entries 30 have the shape of isosceles triangles with rounded corners and are arranged in a complementary manner having their base and apex alternated upside-down. Many other shapes, elongated, triangular, isosceles or not can be chosen.
  • the boundary line of the entry 30, that is the intersection between the spray hole 26 and the peripheral surface 28 slightly differs from the cross section S of the spray hole 26 observed on a plane PH transversal to the axis H of the spray hole 26.
  • a similar explanation is valid for the boundary line of the exit 32 that depends upon the shape of the outer surface 38 of the wall 18.
  • the line of intersection between a plane and a non-perpendicular cylinder of revolution is an ellipse and not a circle.
  • the spray holes 26 shall be described between an inner transversal plane PHI that is very close to the entry 30 and an outer transversal plane PHO that is very close to the exit 32 - figure 2 .
  • the inner cross section SI of the spray hole 26 is elongated along an elongation axis E.
  • the inner cross section SI can be an ellipse as in figure 3 , an oblong as in figure 4 , or any kind of oval.
  • the elongation can be more or less important.
  • the triangular alternative illustrated on figure 7 , shall be considered as the elongated shapes, the height of the triangles corresponding to the elongation axis E.
  • the outer cross section SO of the spray hole 26 is circular whatever the shape of entry 30.
  • the cross section S of the spray hole 26 regularly and continuously evolves from the inner cross section SI to the outer cross section SO. Furthermore, the spray hole 26 is tapered toward the exit 32, the area of the inner cross section SI being larger than the area of the outer cross section SO. Alternatively the inner and outer sections could have equal areas.
  • the axis H of the spray hole 26 intersects the main axis Z thus defining a main plane PM in which lie the elongation axes E of all the cross sections S of the spray hole 26.
  • the entries 30 are arranged on the peripheral surface 28 so their short dimensions lie on a circle line C that centers on the main axis Z.
  • the elongated or triangular shape of the entries 30 enable to arrange around the sac 24 more holes than in the case of circular entries.
  • the elongation axes E of all the cross sections S of the spray hole 26 are coplanar all axes being included in the same plane, but are making a constant angle A1 with the main plane PM. Consequently the entry 30 is inclined as shown on figure 5 or 6 and, all the entries 30 are set around the sac in a tilted arrangement.
  • the constant angle A1 can be chosen at any value between 0° and 90°. When equal to 0°, this alternative is identical to the first embodiment and, when equal to 90°, the long dimension of the entries 30 aligns on the circle line C.
  • An intermediate value of the fixed angle A1 is chosen on figures 5 and 6 .
  • the spray hole 26 internal surface is generated by a straight line having an elongated, or triangular, extremity at the entry and a circular extremity at the exit.
  • the elongation axes E are not coplanar but are, relative to the main plane PM, regularly rotated by an evolving angle A2, so forming a helical surface SH.
  • the elongation axis E of the inner cross section SI can also be inclined relative to the main plane PM at any angle.
  • the helical surface SH can twist by a complete turn, 360°, or even more.
  • the angle A2 of the elongation axis E at the exit can also be inclined relative to the main plane PM by any angle between 0° and 360°, for instance, the angle A2 at the entry can be 50° when the angle A2 at the exit is 30°.
  • a third alternative which geometry is sketched in figures 11, 12 and 13 the axis H of the spray hole and the main axis Z do not intersect.
  • the two axes H, Z are at a distance d from each other.
  • a main plane still identified for simplicity as the main plane PM, defined as the plane that is parallel to and distant from the main axis Z and wherein the axis H of the spray hole 26 lies.
  • the main axis Z is at the distance d from the main plane PM.
  • the spray hole 26 can be a surface generated by a straight line evolving from the elongated inner cross section SI to the circular outer cross section SO, the elongation axis E having a constant angle A1, chosen between 0° and 90°, relative to the main plane PM - figures 11 and 12 .
  • the spray hole 26 can also form a helical surface SH - figure 13 - with an elongated inner cross section SI being inclined relative to the main plane PM at any angle between 0° and 90°.
  • the alternatives of the third embodiment - figures 10, 11 and 12 - differ from the first and second embodiment by the distance d, which is non-zero while in the first and second embodiments it is zero. Still, the shape of the spray hole 26 is not affected by the distance d so, whatever choice is made for the shape, the profile, the elongation or the inclination angle, the choice can be duplicated in all alternatives.
  • the spray holes 26 have a length L over diameter D ratio greater than 2.5.
  • the length L is the distance from the entry 30 to the exit 32 while the diameter D is that of the outer cross section SO.
  • the entries 30 and exits 32 can be smoothed with a chamfer or a rounded toric surface.
  • the invention is primary intended for a diesel fuel injection system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Düsenkörper (16) der Düse (14) eines Kraftstoffinjektors (12), wobei der Körper (16) eine Bohrung (20) hat, die sich entlang einer Hauptachse (Z) zu einem blinden Ende hin erstreckt, das intern einen Sitz (22) bildet zum Aufnehmen eines Schließelements in Umfangskontakt, wobei der Spitzenabschnitt der Bohrung (20) eine Umdrehungsumfangsfläche (28) um die Hauptachse (Z) hat, eine Sackkammer (24) bildend, wobei der Körper (14) weiter mit zumindest einem Sprühloch (26) versehen ist, das sich axial (H) durch die Wand (18) des Körpers (16) erstreckt, zwischen einem Einlass (30), der in der Umfangsfläche (28) des Sacks (24) angeordnet ist, und einer Öffnung eines Auslasses (32) an der Außenfläche (38) der Wand (18), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    sich der Querabschnitt (SI) des Sprühlochs (26) in der Nähe seines Einlasses (30) entlang einer Elongationsachse (E) länglich ist und oval oder elliptisch oder rechteckig ist oder dreieckig ist mit seiner Höhe entlang der Elongationsachse (E), wobei die dreieckigen Einlässe (30) abgerundete Ecken haben und abwechselnd umgedreht alle zwei Löcher angeordnet sind, wobei die Dreiecke auf komplementäre Weise angeordnet sind mit ihrer Basis und Spitze abwechselnd umgekehrt, um so die Einlässe (30) auf komplementäre Weise um die Umfangsfläche (28) des Sacks (24) anzuordnen, und
    in der Nähe des Auslasses (32) der Querabschnitt (SO) des Sprühlochs (26) kreisförmig ist, und
    der Querabschnitt (S) des Sprühlochs (26) kontinuierlich und glatt von dem Einlass (30) zu dem Auslass (32) verläuft, und wobei
    der Düsenkörper (16) weiter mit einer Vielzahl von Sprühlöchern (26) versehen ist, wobei die Achse (H) der Sprühlöcher (26) die Umfangsfläche (28) des Sacks (24) entlang einer Linie (C) quer zu der Hauptachse (Z) des Körpers (16) schneidet.
  2. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Achse (H) des Sprühlochs (26) in einer Hauptebene (PM) ist, die parallel zu der Hauptachse (Z) ist und in einem Abstand (d) von der Hauptachse (Z) ist, wobei die Elongationsachse (E) eines Querabschnitts (SI) in unmittelbarer Nähe des Einlasses (30) relativ zu der Hauptebene (PM) um einen Neigungswinkel (A1, A2) zwischen 0° und 360° geneigt ist.
  3. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei die Elongationsachse (E) des Querabschnitts (SI) in unmittelbarer Nähe des Einlasses (30) in der Hauptebene (PM) ist, wobei der Neigungswinkel (A1, A2) 0° beträgt.
  4. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei die Elongationsachse (E) des Querabschnitts (SI) in unmittelbarer Nähe des Einlasses (30) relativ zu der Hauptebene (PM) geneigt ist, wobei der Neigungswinkel (A1, A2) zwischen 30° und 45° beträgt.
  5. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß den Ansprüchen 2 bis 4, wobei von dem Einlass (30) zu dem Auslass (32) der Neigungswinkel (A1) der Elongationsachse (E) eines Querabschnitts (S) konstant ist, wobei die Elongationsachsen (E) der Querabschnitte (SI, S, SO) koplanar sind.
  6. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß den Ansprüchen 2 bis 4, wobei sich der Neigungswinkel (A2) der Elongationsachse (E) der Querabschnitte (S) von dem Einlass (30) zu dem Auslass (32) entwickelt, wobei die Elongationsachsen (E) der Querabschnitte (SI, S, SO) eine spiralförmige Oberfläche (SH) bilden.
  7. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, wobei sich die Hauptachse (Z) und die Sprühlochachse (H) schneiden, wobei der Abstand (d) Null ist.
  8. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Sprühloch (26) ein Verhältnis der Länge (L) zu Durchmesser (D) gleich oder größer 2,5 hat, wobei die Länge (L) der Abstand von dem Einlass zu dem Auslass ist und der Durchmesser (D) der des Querschnitts (SO) in der Nähe des Auslasses (32) ist.
  9. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich das Sprühloch (26) verjüngt, wobei die Fläche seines Querschnitts (S) von dem Einlass (30) zu dem Auslass (32) abnimmt.
  10. Düsenkörper (16) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Einlass (30) und der Auslass (32) des Sprühlochs (26) abgerundet sind, um scharfe Kanten zu vermeiden.
  11. Düse (14) eines Kraftstoffinjektors (12) mit einem Düsenkörper (16) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei ein Schließelement, wie eine Nadel, axial in der Bohrung (20) angeordnet ist und mit dem Sitz (22) zusammenwirken kann.
  12. Kraftstoffinjektor (12) mit einer Düse (14) gemäß Anspruch 11.
  13. Kraftstoffinjektor (12) gemäß Anspruch 12, insbesondere für Dieselkraftstoff.
  14. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem (10) für einen Verbrennungsmotor, wobei das System (10) einen Kraftstoffinjektor (12) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 oder 13 aufweist.
EP13169668.4A 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse Active EP2808533B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13169668.4A EP2808533B1 (de) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse
PCT/EP2014/057487 WO2014191134A1 (en) 2013-05-29 2014-04-14 Fuel injector

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13169668.4A EP2808533B1 (de) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2808533A1 EP2808533A1 (de) 2014-12-03
EP2808533B1 true EP2808533B1 (de) 2019-08-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13169668.4A Active EP2808533B1 (de) 2013-05-29 2013-05-29 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2808533B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2014191134A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6380123B2 (ja) * 2015-01-22 2018-08-29 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射ノズル
SE539875C2 (en) * 2015-09-14 2017-12-27 Scania Cv Ab A fuel injector
JP2017106418A (ja) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-15 株式会社デンソー 燃料噴射弁及びその製造方法
US10612508B2 (en) 2017-06-28 2020-04-07 Caterpillar Inc. Fuel injector for internal combustion engines
US20210348585A1 (en) * 2018-09-13 2021-11-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Nozzle with microstructured through-holes
GB2593892B (en) * 2020-04-06 2022-08-03 Delphi Automotive Systems Lux Fuel Injector

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19931890A1 (de) * 1999-07-08 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Düsenkörper für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse mit optimierter Spritzlochkanalgeometrie
DE10026324A1 (de) * 2000-05-26 2001-11-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
DE10330256A1 (de) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10336737A1 (de) * 2003-08-11 2005-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
CN103459824B (zh) * 2011-02-02 2017-06-27 3M创新有限公司 喷嘴及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2808533A1 (de) 2014-12-03
WO2014191134A1 (en) 2014-12-04

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