EP2805114A1 - Système de détection et d'allumage de pilote de torche - Google Patents

Système de détection et d'allumage de pilote de torche

Info

Publication number
EP2805114A1
EP2805114A1 EP13738559.7A EP13738559A EP2805114A1 EP 2805114 A1 EP2805114 A1 EP 2805114A1 EP 13738559 A EP13738559 A EP 13738559A EP 2805114 A1 EP2805114 A1 EP 2805114A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
rod
insulator
flame rod
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13738559.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2805114A4 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Kraus
Dusty Richmond
Jay Jennings
Stefano Bietto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
Honeywell International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US13/352,830 external-priority patent/US8986000B2/en
Application filed by Honeywell International Inc filed Critical Honeywell International Inc
Publication of EP2805114A1 publication Critical patent/EP2805114A1/fr
Publication of EP2805114A4 publication Critical patent/EP2805114A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/08—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks
    • F23G7/085—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases using flares, e.g. in stacks in stacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q9/00—Pilot flame igniters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q9/00—Pilot flame igniters
    • F23Q9/08—Pilot flame igniters with interlock with main fuel supply
    • F23Q9/12—Pilot flame igniters with interlock with main fuel supply to permit the supply to the main burner in dependence upon existence of pilot flame
    • F23Q9/14—Pilot flame igniters with interlock with main fuel supply to permit the supply to the main burner in dependence upon existence of pilot flame using electric means, e.g. by light-sensitive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00014—Pilot burners specially adapted for ignition of main burners in furnaces or gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00015—Pilot burners specially adapted for low load or transient conditions, e.g. for increasing stability
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/22—Pilot burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/02—Pilot flame sensors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure pertains to flame sensing and ignition and particularly to precipitation resistant mechanisms for sensing and igniting pilots. Summary
  • the disclosure reveals a system having a flame rod assembly for operation in a high temperature pilot burner.
  • the assembly is designed for operation in temperatures from about -40 to 1100 degrees C.
  • the system may operate in inclement weather
  • the system incorporates an electrical apparatus which may provide flame sensing and ignition via the flame rod
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of a pilot for an industrial process flare assembly
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of an illustrative example of a flame rod assembly for a detection and ignition mechanism
  • Figures 3a and 3b are diagrams of configurations of a flame rod assembly for a pilot burner; and Figure 4 is a diagram of still another configuration of a flame rod assembly.
  • An industrial process flare may need a computerized
  • Ionization flame rod technology may indicate an existence of a flame virtually instantaneously. Because of extreme environmental conditions, a product is needed for use in flare pilot applications. The product may utilize several
  • a location of the flame rod may ensure that it will work continuously in high wind speed environments.
  • a hermetic seal and a particular profile of a rod insulator may keep heavy rain and moisture from causing a failure of the flame rod.
  • a signal cable connected to the rod at the insulator should be of the type that can
  • the materials and manufacturing processes may allow the resultant flame rod product to withstand very high temperatures during an operational life. Also, such product may be rapidly self-drying. These considerations may differentiate the present flame rod product from other flame rod technology in terms of reliability and service life, thus giving a holder of the present flare rod product a competitive
  • brazing or “welding” may be referred to as “brazing” herein.
  • High temperature brazing may be referred to as "brazing” herein.
  • the brazing process may satisfy
  • Results of high temperature brazing may withstand temperatures equal to or greater than about 815 degrees C. (1500 degrees F.) .
  • the high temperature brazing process may involve a use of alloys incorporating materials such as chromium, nickel, and other like materials.
  • Ordinary or low temperature brazing may involve a use of materials such as copper, silver, and the like.
  • a signal cable attached to the flame rod may have a high temperature rating sufficient for the operating conditions.
  • An example flame rod product may meet geometrical requirements as revealed in Figure 2.
  • the metallic materials may be machined or cast from suitable steel or stainless steel alloys.
  • the alloys may incorporate, but are not necessarily limited to, ASTM 304, ASTM 310, ASTM 316, InconelTM, Kanthol (or Kanthal) , hastaloy (or hastelloyTM) , and so forth.
  • An ignition/flame rod for a flare may provide flame
  • the product may be exposed to extreme temperatures (i.e., -40 to 1100 degrees C).
  • the product may be mounted several hundred of feet above the ground in the air, or mounted close to the ground, or somewhere in between. The product needs to withstand the extreme
  • the product should be robust enough to have at least five years of life without issues, which may be the typical lifecycle of a refinery between service times. Detection should be reliable at a six-sigma level and be without false positives.
  • the ceramic insulator may have self-drying capabilities.
  • the flame rod may have self-drying capabilities.
  • the flame rod may be made of a high temperature, high performance (HP) alloy, to withstand the severe temperatures produced both by the pilot flame and by the flare flame.
  • the rod may be connected to a longer rod or tubing made of a high temperature resistant alloy.
  • An electrical signal may be transmitted through a naked rod/tubing to a wire several feet below and then to an electric box.
  • the electric box may provide a carrier voltage for ionized gas detection from the pilot flame through a flame relay and another voltage for sparking through a high voltage transformer.
  • a switch may allow an electrical passage selectively between the two devices.
  • the switch box may be placed at a ground level.
  • Two ceramic insulators may provide protection against short circuiting and may be placed in the upper part of the unit, where the naked rod is the distance between the two ceramic assemblies ( Figure 4) .
  • the distance may, for example, be several feet.
  • the tip of the rod may be inserted in the pilot tip above the gas spud.
  • a ceramic insulator assembly may be provided.
  • a flame rod may be purchased and inserted in the ceramic insulator.
  • High temperature alloy tubing or a rod may be attached to the bottom end of the insulator assembly with a coupling.
  • the second ceramic insulator assembly may be inserted in the high temperature alloy tubing or rod.
  • a wire may be attached to the bottom part of the assembly and run all the way to the switch box.
  • the switch box may be placed at grade, or where the customer specifies, and it may be connected to the electric power source.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram of a pilot 11 for an industrial process flare assembly 12.
  • Flare 12 may have a tube or stack 13. On top of tube 13 may be a nozzle 16 upon which a flare main flame 17 of flare 12 can arise and burn.
  • a gas flare or flare stack may be used to eliminate fluids such as combustible waste, process gas or other material at oil wells, gas wells, rigs, refineries, chemical plants, refinery process units, chemical process units and so on.
  • a present concern is to continuously monitor the existence of the flame of the pilot 11 for flare 12.
  • Flare 12 might not
  • flare 12 should be ready to burn with a flame 17 at virtually any time. Such readiness may require a pilot 11 proximate to flare 12.
  • pilot 11 may incorporate a pilot burner 21 which provides the flame which is present for flare 12 in case the flare needs to be ignited to obtain a flame 17 to burn off gas or whatever is provided via tube or stack 13.
  • a tube 22 may provide an air and fuel mixture for sustaining the flame of the burner 21 of pilot 11.
  • a tube 23 with screen and/or deflector 24 may provide a flame front generator (FFG) for igniting the pilot burner 21 in situations where the flame of the pilot burner 21 has ceased.
  • a tube 25 may be connected to tube 22.
  • Tube 25 may provide high energy (capacitance discharge) ignition up stream of the fuel air mixture delivery to burner 21 from tube 22.
  • Tubes 23 and 25 may provide alternate forms of ignition for the pilot burner 21.
  • thermocouple and line 26 which may determine whether or not burner 21 is operating with a
  • Thermocouple and line 26 may be connected to a temperature indicator 64.
  • a concern may be a slow indication of temperature change at burner 21. The slow indication may imply that if the pilot flame at burner 21 goes out, there may be a delay for the burner 21 assembly to cool down sufficiently to reveal an absence of the pilot 11 flame, and then for an ignition of the pilot flame to occur. Heat from the pilot main flame 17 may inadvertently heat the thermocouple 26 when the pilot flame is extinguished causing a false positive indication of the presence of flame at the pilot burner 21.
  • a high temperature cable 37 may be attached to the end of a rod 39 with a crimp connection, screw connection, braze or weld. Cable 37 may be to go through pipe or conduit 36 to an
  • Rod 32 may be regarded as a multi-mode device. In one mode, rod 32 may be a part of an ionization device for detecting whether the pilot burner 21 flame is on or not. The detecting may be nearly instantaneous. In another mode, rod 32 may be part of an ignition device for igniting the gas/air mixture to pilot burner 21 in an event that the flame in the pilot burner has been extinguished.
  • An operating carrier voltage to rod 32 in an ionization or detection mode may, for instance, be in a range from 100 to 200 volts. The noted operating detection voltage range is an illustrative example but may be of other ranges. The operating voltage to rod 32 in an ignition mode may be in a range from 10 to 20 thousand volts. The noted operating ignition voltage range is an illustrative example but may be of other ranges.
  • Switch mechanism 38 may provide a selected voltage to rod 32 via rod 39 and cable 37. Rods 32 and 39 in some approaches as may instead be a one-piece rod.
  • Insulator 34 may be for high voltage isolation (i.e., up to 20,000 volts) of rod 32 from various items in the environment.
  • the rod 39 portion in insulator 34 may be hermetically sealed from the environment.
  • Insulator 34 may have a corrugated shape or other advantageous shape on its external portion to prevent the various items, such as heavy rain, from causing electrical shorts or failures.
  • Insulator 34 may be positioned relative to flame 17 and/or flame 21 so as to be dried almost instantly.
  • Insulator 34 may be fabricated from other suitable insulating materials besides ceramic.
  • a structure 82 may hold and support tube 22, tube 23, tube 25, tube 36 and thermocouple line 26.
  • the combustion process may create and move a field of ionized gas 81 as a part of the burner flame.
  • An effect of an ionized gas field 81 in the flame may result in an electrical voltage or potential occurring between the metal burner 21 and flame rod 32, as rod 32 may be situated through an opening 79 of burner 21 to be in the ionized gas field 81.
  • the voltage may be conveyed over a carrier signal emitted by a flame rod signal amplifier 42.
  • the signal may be conveyed from rod 32 via coupling 33, rod 39, coupling 35, cable 37, switch 38 and line 43 to amplifier 42 for conditioning into a useful signal at an output 44.
  • Amplifier 42 and burner 21 may be connected to a common ground 63.
  • Output 44 may indicate whether there is a flame in the pilot burner 21. If there is no flame, then output 44 via a processor 45 may cause electrical box 38 to send a very high voltage from voltage source 46 via line 47 to rod 32 in form of a spark to ignite the fuel/air mixture from tube 22 so as to re- light the pilot burner 21. Voltage source 46 and burner 21 may be connected to the common ground 63.
  • Switch 38, processor 45, signal amplifier 42 and high voltage source 48 may assembled together as illustrated or alternately constructed together into a single electrical device. Alternately, switch 38, processor 45, signal amplifier 42 and high voltage source 46 may be constructed in any
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of a flame rod assembly 31 for the detection and ignition mechanism.
  • the mechanism may quickly detect pilot 11 flame failure and provide a prompt ignition of the pilot 11 burner 21 flame.
  • the flame rod may be two
  • Rod 32 may be a flame rod portion which is of a cast and/or machined stainless steel alloy.
  • Coupling 33 may connect rod 32 to an insulator 34.
  • An end 51 of rod 32 and an end 52 of rod 39 may be threaded and be screwed into threaded counterparts in both ends of coupler 33.
  • Coupler 33 may be of a cast and/or machined stainless steel alloy.
  • Insulator 34 may be composed of ceramic or other similar appropriate material.
  • Coupling 33 may be attached to insulator 34 with a compression, a brazed, high temperature sealed connection.
  • insulator 34 At a base of insulator 34 may be a stainless steel coupling 35 brazed to the insulator.
  • Coupling 35 may be attached with a weld, braze or threaded ends, to a conduit or pipe 36, as shown in Figure 1.
  • An end 54 of rod 39 and an upper portion of coupling 35 may be threaded for connection to each other.
  • the lower portion of coupling 35 at end 55 may be threaded for connection to pipe or conduit 36 ( Figure 1) .
  • the flame rod is shown to be two rods or pieces 32 and 39 connected together by being
  • rods 32 and 39 may alternatively be a one piece rod.
  • rod or rod portion 32 may have a significant portion of its unconnected end situated in the pilot burner 21 via opening 79 ( Figure 1) .
  • Figure 2 further shows example dimensions of assembly 31.
  • Dimension 56 of 3/8 inch may be a diameter of rod portions 32 and 39.
  • Length 57 of rod portion 32 may be 5 and 1/2 inches.
  • Length 58 of insulator 34 may be approximately 6 inches or more. Diameter dimension 59 of coupling 33 may be approximately 1 inch. A length dimension 61 of coupling 33 may be approximately 3/4 inch. A length dimension 62 of coupling 35 may be 2 inches. These dimensions may instead be of other magnitude values.
  • Figure 3a is a diagram of a configuration of a stainless steel flame rod 65 assembly situated in a pilot burner 66.
  • a ceramic insulator 67 may be situated on flame rod 65 with compression fittings 68 and 69 brazed to or compressed against and sealing to the ceramic at the ends of insulator 67.
  • a high temperature cable 71 may be connected to rod 65 at fitting 69.
  • a mounting bracket 72 may be secured around ceramic insulator 67.
  • Figure 3b is a diagram of another configuration of a flame rod 65 assembly. Fittings 68 and 69 may be brazed to the ends of ceramic insulator 67 to secure it to rod 65. Rod 65 may be bent for another kind of a burner. Rod 65 may have an insulator
  • 74 on insulator 73 may be welded or brazed to a pilot tip.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of still another configuration of a flame rod 65 assembly.
  • a conducting rod or cable 76 connected to flame rod 65 with a coupling 77.
  • a ceramic insulator 67 may be around rod 65 and secured with compression fittings 68 and 69 brazed to the ceramic insulator 67.
  • At the other end of insulator 78 may be another fitting 68 brazed or otherwise sealed to the ceramic insulator 78.
  • Mounting brackets 72 may be secured around insulators 67 and 78.
  • Rod 65 may extend from insulator 78 and have a curve for a particular kind of burner.
  • a ceramic insulator 73 may be formed on rod 65 close to the end of the rod.
  • insulator 73 may be rested against, welded or brazed to a pilot tip .
  • Insulators 34, 67 and 78 may become wet from exposure to environmental elements such as precipitation.
  • Insulators 34, 67 and 78 may have a length, shape and design so as to minimize the possibility of electrical short circuiting from the flame detection/ignition rods 32, 39, 65, 71 and 76 to grounded supports 35 and 72.
  • Insulators 34, 65 and 78 may also be positioned relative to the burner flame 21 and/or the main flare flame 17 such that radiant heat from either or both flame 21 and flame 17 will rapidly (nearly instantaneously) dry a wet insulator 34, 67 or 78 thereby eliminating a possible short circuit.
  • a short circuit may otherwise render the ignition and flame detection capabilities of the present system inoperable.
  • the position the insulators 34, 67 and 78 from the flare 12 and burner 21 may vary relative to the size of the flare flame 17 and/or the burner 21 flame.
  • the burner 21 flame needs to be sufficiently large or hot enough to keep the insulator dry at virtually all times even for a short period when the burner 21 flame may be accidentally or intentionally be extinguished for some reason.
  • the insulator should be sufficiently hot enough to maintain a dry condition in a worse case environment of precipitation for a period of time long enough (e.g., thermal inertia) until burner 21 can be relit with a flame.
  • the length of the insulators 34, 67 and 78 should be sufficiently long enough and thick enough to prevent arcing between the rod and, for example a grounded component such as a support strap, during a conveyance of a high voltage via the rod during an igniting of burner 21.
  • the needed length, thickness and/or diameter of the insulators may depend on the magnitude of the ignition voltage.
  • the dimensions (e.g., diameter, thickness and length) of the insulators should be sufficient so that leakage of ionization signals for indicating a presence or non-presence of a burner 21 flame is sufficiently small so that the signals are strong enough at the recipient end for
  • the material content of the insulator should also have a very small conductance factor. Ceramic may be an example of such insulator material.
  • the shape of insulators 34, 67 and 78 may aid in reduction of the effects of precipitation on the insulators.
  • An example design may incorporate a corrugated external surface on the insulators.
  • the shape of the insulators may be selected from a variety of designs. Further, the insulators may have straight and/or curved configurations. Other design factors of the insulators may be implemented.
  • insulators 34, 67 and 78 such as position relative to and distance from flare 12 and/or burner 21, insulator temperature, length, thickness, diameter, material content, shape, configuration and other factors may be
  • the design and layout of the flare 12 and burner 21 may indicate factors needed for effective insulators.
  • the location and environment of the flare and burner may indicate considerations such as cold, humid, hot, dry, windy, calm and other conditions, which may dictate needed specifics for insulators.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système, qui a un ensemble de tige de flamme pour le fonctionnement dans un brûleur pilote à haute température. L'ensemble est conçu pour le fonctionnement dans des températures d'environ -40 à 1100 degrés C. Le système peut fonctionner dans un climat inclément comprenant des vents de grande vitesse et des quantités significatives d'humidité et de pluie jusqu'à des niveaux et des taux de force d'orage en ouragan. Le système incorpore un appareil électrique qui peut réaliser une détection et un allumage de flamme par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de tige de flamme, incorporant un isolateur à séchage rapide autour d'une tige de l'ensemble, de façon à assurer un fonctionnement correct de l'appareil électrique.
EP13738559.7A 2012-01-18 2013-01-09 Système de détection et d'allumage de pilote de torche Withdrawn EP2805114A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/352,830 US8986000B2 (en) 2010-10-15 2012-01-18 Flare pilot detection and ignition system
PCT/US2013/020732 WO2013109439A1 (fr) 2012-01-18 2013-01-09 Système de détection et d'allumage de pilote de torche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2805114A1 true EP2805114A1 (fr) 2014-11-26
EP2805114A4 EP2805114A4 (fr) 2015-12-23

Family

ID=48799591

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13738559.7A Withdrawn EP2805114A4 (fr) 2012-01-18 2013-01-09 Système de détection et d'allumage de pilote de torche

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2805114A4 (fr)
CN (1) CN103857962A (fr)
RU (1) RU2566616C1 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201401157YA (fr)
WO (1) WO2013109439A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104406170A (zh) * 2014-11-04 2015-03-11 中国石油化工股份有限公司 地面火炬长明灯装置
GB2582744B (en) * 2019-03-26 2023-08-23 John Zink Co Llc A flame detection and ignition device

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3614280A (en) * 1968-12-27 1971-10-19 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd Ignition and flame detection system utilizing a single electrode
US4245977A (en) * 1977-04-25 1981-01-20 Morese Francesco A Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon flame ignition and detection
US4599568A (en) * 1982-12-28 1986-07-08 United Technologies Corporation Electrostatic afterburner light-off detector
JPS62142922A (ja) * 1985-12-17 1987-06-26 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃焼検出回路
JPH0745932B2 (ja) * 1986-04-23 1995-05-17 松下電器産業株式会社 炎電流検出装置
SU1587304A1 (ru) * 1988-09-12 1990-08-23 Специальное Проектное И Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро "Промгазаппарат" Запальное устройство
US4871307A (en) * 1988-11-02 1989-10-03 Harris George W Flame ignition and monitoring system and method
DE68927182T2 (de) * 1989-11-22 1997-01-30 Nippon Steel Corp Thermoelementähnliche temperaturfühler und verfahren zur temperaturmessung flüssigen stahles
JP3408887B2 (ja) * 1995-04-05 2003-05-19 パロマ工業株式会社 炎検出装置
US5927963A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-07-27 Gas Electronics, Inc. Pilot assembly and control system
RU60681U1 (ru) * 2006-07-11 2007-01-27 Николай Иванович Никуличев Электрозапальник факельный
RU90532U1 (ru) * 2009-08-05 2010-01-10 Николай Иванович Никуличев Факельная установка
US20110250547A1 (en) * 2010-04-12 2011-10-13 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Burner system and a method of control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SG11201401157YA (en) 2014-04-28
RU2014112928A (ru) 2015-10-10
EP2805114A4 (fr) 2015-12-23
CN103857962A (zh) 2014-06-11
WO2013109439A1 (fr) 2013-07-25
RU2566616C1 (ru) 2015-10-27

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