EP2803106A1 - Brennstoffzellenstapel - Google Patents
BrennstoffzellenstapelInfo
- Publication number
- EP2803106A1 EP2803106A1 EP12822970.5A EP12822970A EP2803106A1 EP 2803106 A1 EP2803106 A1 EP 2803106A1 EP 12822970 A EP12822970 A EP 12822970A EP 2803106 A1 EP2803106 A1 EP 2803106A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- stack
- cell stack
- housing
- insulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/248—Means for compression of the fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel cell stack according to the preamble of
- US 2003/0104260 A1 describes a fuel cell system with a housing which encloses at least one first fuel cell stack and a second fuel cell stack arranged peripherally to the first fuel cell stack and presses them together.
- the fuel cell system includes tension straps which extend completely around the housing.
- the housing may have a cover which is sealed from the housing.
- US 2003/0104260 A1 describes a housing for receiving and holding a fuel cell stack during the manufacture of a fuel cell device from a plurality of fuel cell stacks, which comprises a closing element, a flexible sidewall and a connecting element, wherein the housing is held together by straps.
- methods for manufacturing the fuel cell device comprising stacking the fuel cells in the container, pressing the fuel cells, and disposing the fuel cell
- the invention is based on the object to provide a comparison with the prior art improved fuel cell stack.
- a fuel cell stack is formed from a plurality of stacked fuel cell units and at least one stack termination element.
- the stacked fuel cell units and the stack termination element are clamped by means of at least one clamping device, and wherein the strained fuel cell units are enclosed by a housing, wherein the stacked fuel cell units and the stack termination element.
- Fuel cell units and the stack termination element can be clamped by means of at least one clamping device.
- a circumferential seal in particular lip seal, is arranged between the housing and the at least one stack end element, which has recesses for receiving the tensioning device, wherein the tensioning device is electrically insulated at least in the region of the recesses.
- the gasket formed, for example, as a lip seal and the electrically insulated clamping device act in an advantageous manner sealingly together and thus prevent moisture from entering the area between
- this insulation preferably molded, e.g. by means of an injection molding process.
- the insulation is particularly preferred in the area of the housing to the
- Clamping device formed so that an electrical insulation adjacent
- Fuel cell units is improved.
- Fuel cell stack is done in a simple manner and the sealing effect is ensured during operation of the fuel cell stack.
- the insulation of the clamping device in the region of the recesses is formed such that a positive and / or non-positive connection between the insulation of the clamping device and the seal formed in particular as a lip seal of the StapelabQueryelements and thus particularly preferably a
- Bias is produced, which causes a sealing effect to the lip seal and thus to the housing.
- Clamping area in particular in the region of the recesses, a thickening.
- these are formed from a rubber, a foam, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic polyurethane and / or a thermoplastic polymer.
- These electrically insulating materials are characterized by high chemical resistance, temperature resistance and good corrosion properties.
- the clamping device comprises at least one of the stacked
- Fuel cell units and the stack terminating element circumferential strip or band-shaped strap Such a strap has a low weight and low space requirement and is also simple and inexpensive to manufacture and in the assembly.
- a strap has a low weight and low space requirement and is also simple and inexpensive to manufacture and in the assembly.
- the stack terminating element circumferential strip or band-shaped strap.
- Clamping a plurality of clamping bands which advantageously optimizes compression of the fuel cell stack and a sealing effect between fuel cell stack and housing is increased.
- the tension band is formed in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention made of glass fiber or stainless steel.
- Materials made of glass fiber and stainless steel are corrosion-resistant and chemically resistant, in particular glass fiber materials also have a high modulus of elasticity.
- the stack termination element of the fuel cell stack forms a cover of the housing, which is designed in particular as a housing open on one side. This optimizes the space and component requirements of the fuel cell stack.
- the stack termination element thus fulfills a plurality of functions, in which it serves both as an end boundary of the stacked fuel cell units and as a cover element of the fuel cell stack.
- the housing is formed as a two-sided open housing and the fuel cell stack comprises two stack termination elements, wherein one of the stack termination elements forms the lid and the other of the stack termination elements forms the bottom of the fuel cell stack.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a detail of a
- Fuel cell stack with a housing, a
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a perspective view of the detail according to FIG. 1 without tensioning device
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a perspective view of the detail according to FIG. 1 without tensioning device and without insulation
- Fig. 4 shows schematically a perspective view of a clamping device with a molded insulation
- FIG. 5 shows schematically a perspective view of a fuel cell stack in an assembled state
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a perspective view of the fuel cell stack according to FIG. 5, wherein the fuel cell stack is provided with a housing.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 is a perspective section of a fuel cell stack 1 with a plurality of stacked fuel cell units 2, two
- Stack end elements 3 and a clamping device 4 with a this area 2 shows the fuel cell stack 1 only with insulation 5 without tensioning device 4 and FIG. 3 shows the fuel cell stack 1 without tensioning device 4 and without insulation 5.
- Figure 4 shows in perspective a single clamping device 4
- Figure 5 shows a fuel cell stack 1 in an assembled state
- Figure 6 shows the fuel cell stack 1 according to Figure 5, which is provided with a housing 7, wherein the assembly of the housing 7 is shown by an arrow.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is composed of the plurality of stacked ones
- Fuel cell units 2 for example, as high-temperature fuel cell units, e.g. Solid oxide fuel cells, or even low-temperature fuel cell units, for example, polymer electrolyte fuel cells, are formed, with polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEMFC) are preferred.
- high-temperature fuel cell units e.g. Solid oxide fuel cells
- low-temperature fuel cell units for example, polymer electrolyte fuel cells
- PEMFC polymer electrolyte fuel cells
- the stacked fuel cell units 2 and the stack termination elements 3 are clamped together by means of the tensioning device 4.
- the tensioning device 4 has, as shown in Figure 5, a plurality, in particular three band or strip-shaped clamping elements, hereinafter referred to as tension bands 4.1, on which the
- Each of the fuel cell units 2 and the stack termination elements 3 revolves and clamps them against each other and which are spaced apart in a direction transverse to the stacking direction s.
- Straps 4.1 have a low weight and a small space requirement and are also simple and inexpensive to manufacture and in the assembly. In addition, such a design and arrangement of the
- Tensioning device 4 an optimal introduction of force in the fuel cell stack. 1
- the tension bands 4.1 extend around one of
- Stack termination elements in particular the lower end plate 3.2, around.
- the ends or end portions 4.1.1 of the tension straps 4.1 are formed loop or hook-shaped or provided with suspension loops or hooks.
- the lower end plate 3.2 opposite upper end plate 3.1 has connecting elements 3.1.1, which are formed corresponding to the loop or hook-shaped end portions 4.1.1 of the tension bands 4.1, so that they form a positive and / or non-positive connection with each other.
- the connecting elements 3.1.1 are formed separately in one possible embodiment and connected in shape, material and / or non-positively to the stack end element 3, in particular screwed.
- the connecting elements 3.1.1 integrated into the stack closure element 3, for example, integrally formed.
- the connecting elements 3.1.1 and the stack termination element 3 can be an integrated component, for. B. a mold component, form.
- the connecting elements 3.1.1 are formed as a loop projecting into an opening of the stack end element 3 or a hook projecting into the opening.
- the tension bands 4.1 By forming the end portions 4.1.1 of the tension bands 4.1 as hooks or loops, the tension bands 4.1 can be released in a simple manner from the correspondingly formed connection element 3.1.1 of the stack termination element 3.
- the stacked fuel cell units 2 are preferably at least partially enclosed by the housing 7 shown in FIG.
- the housing 7 is formed as a housing 7 open on both sides and closes in the assembled state (the mounting of the
- Housing 7 is shown in Figure 6 by an arrow) with its open ends to one end or a surface side of a StapelabQueryelements 3, wherein one of the stack termination elements 3 defines an upper end side of the fuel cell stack 1 in the form of an upper end plate 3.1 and the other
- Stack termination elements 3 a lower end face of the fuel cell stack 1 limited in the form of a lower end plate 3.2.
- the upper end plate 3.1 forms a lid and the lower
- the housing 7 may be formed as a housing 7 open on one side, wherein the open end is bounded by one of the stack termination elements 3.
- At least one of the stack termination elements 3 is produced in one piece in the plastic injection molding process as a metal-plastic hybrid component.
- the formation of the stack termination element 3 as a metal-plastic hybrid component allows the combination of positive properties of two different materials. By means of the metal part while clamping forces over a large area in the
- Fuel cell units can be introduced and connection points to support structures, e.g.
- a shape and temperature stability of the metal part are very good.
- a metal material is also a metallic
- stiffening electrical insulation of the fuel cell stack 1 against the environment can be realized. Furthermore, by means of the stiffening part an interface to the housing 7 of the fuel cell stack 1, a supply and delivery of gaseous or liquid media from or into the fuel cell stack 1 and an isolation of media both electrically and to protect against corrosion feasible.
- the stiffening part thus optimizes the metal part.
- plastic or organic polymer is particularly suitable a thermoplastic.
- circumferential seal 6 is arranged, in particular molded.
- the circumferential seal 6 is designed as a lip seal 6.1. Alternatively, it may be formed as a ring seal.
- the upper end plate 3.1 in a preferred manner to the
- End plate 3.2 is sealed from the housing 7.
- the lip seal 6.1 is preferably made of an electrically insulating material, in particular of synthetic rubber, such as e.g. Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, nitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluoro rubber, acrylate rubber, perfluoro rubber, polychloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonyl polyethylene rubber, polyester urethane rubber, butyl Rubber, or natural rubber or cellular rubber, foam, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic
- synthetic rubber such as e.g. Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, nitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluoro rubber, acrylate rubber, perfluoro rubber, polychloroprene rubber, chlorosulfonyl polyethylene rubber, polyester urethane rubber, butyl Rubber, or natural rubber or cellular rubber, foam, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic
- Elastomer or thermoplastic polyurethane formed. These electrically insulating materials are characterized by high chemical resistance,
- the lip seal 6.1 comprises in the present embodiment recesses 6.2 for receiving the tension bands 4.1, which of the housing 7 in the region of
- Fuel cell units 2 are enclosed and are arranged outside in the region of the lip seal 6.1.
- the tension straps 4.1 have the integrally formed insulation 5 at least in each case in the region of the recesses 6.2 of the lip seal 6.1.
- the insulation 5 extends over the region of the tension bands 4.1, which on the
- Fuel cell units 2 is applied, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, so that an electrical insulation of adjacent fuel cell units 2 is improved.
- the recesses 6.2 preferably have a shape and / or to the outside
- the insulation 5 corresponding shape or dimensions, so that the insulation 5 is positively and / or non-positively disposed in the recess 6.2, whereby particularly preferably a bias and thus a sealing effect to the lip seal 6.1 and the housing 7 is made.
- the insulation 5 in the region of the recesses 6.2 a thickening 5.1, which is shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6.
- the insulation 5 is preferably formed of the same material as the lip seal 6.1 or another of the already mentioned materials for the lip seal 6.1.
- the insulation 5 is preferably applied to the strap 4.1 by means of an injection molding process. In the present embodiment, the insulation 5 encloses the strap 4.1 in the predetermined areas completely.
- the insulation 5 and the lip seal 6.1 act sealingly together in an advantageous manner and thus prevent moisture from penetrating into the region between the stack end element 3 and the housing 7.
- the combination of the tensioning device 4 for clamping the fuel cell stack 1 and the seal further enables a simple and cost-effective production of a sealing system for the fuel cell stack 1, since no joining operations are necessary, and also space is saved.
- the sealing system can be independent of a stacking height of
- Fuel cell stack 1 can be used.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012000266A DE102012000266A1 (de) | 2012-01-10 | 2012-01-10 | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| PCT/EP2012/005179 WO2013104395A1 (de) | 2012-01-10 | 2012-12-15 | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2803106A1 true EP2803106A1 (de) | 2014-11-19 |
| EP2803106B1 EP2803106B1 (de) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=47678663
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP12822970.5A Active EP2803106B1 (de) | 2012-01-10 | 2012-12-15 | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9385394B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2803106B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5965496B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN104067430B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102012000266A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2013104395A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014217220A1 (de) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-03-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Gehäuse für einen Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| FR3036537A1 (fr) | 2015-05-22 | 2016-11-25 | Michelin & Cie | Pile a combustible |
| KR102506933B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-11 | 2023-03-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 연료전지 스택 및 그 조립방법 |
| DE102018210176A1 (de) | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-24 | Audi Ag | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| DE102018210165B4 (de) | 2018-06-22 | 2025-06-12 | Audi Ag | Spannsystem für Brennstoffzellenstapel und Brennstoffzellenstapel mit einem solchen |
| DE102018210181A1 (de) | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-24 | Audi Ag | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| DE102018210179A1 (de) | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-24 | Audi Ag | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| DE102018210170A1 (de) | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-24 | Audi Ag | Brennstoffzellenstapel |
| CN112441273A (zh) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-05 | 武汉众宇动力系统科技有限公司 | 用于燃料电池堆的捆扎装置 |
| DE102020124038A1 (de) | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Zellstapels für Batteriezellen |
| DE102020124039A1 (de) | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Zellstapels für Batteriezellen |
| DE102020124040A1 (de) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Zellstapels für Batteriezellen |
| SE2430059A1 (en) * | 2024-02-07 | 2025-08-08 | Powercell Sweden Ab | Clamping band for an electrical stack assembly |
| DE102024127741A1 (de) * | 2024-09-25 | 2026-03-26 | Norma Germany Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur dielektrischen Isolierung |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5789091C1 (en) | 1996-11-19 | 2001-02-27 | Ballard Power Systems | Electrochemical fuel cell stack with compression bands |
| DE19649691C2 (de) | 1996-11-29 | 1998-10-15 | Siemens Ag | Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Brennstoffzellenbatterie sowie Verfahren zu deren Kühlung |
| US6862801B2 (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2005-03-08 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Systems, apparatus and methods for isolating, compressing and/or retaining the structure of a fuel cell stack |
| JP4427419B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-06 | 2010-03-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタック |
| KR100696638B1 (ko) * | 2005-09-05 | 2007-03-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이차 전지 모듈 |
| JP2007173169A (ja) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池 |
| KR101550596B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-14 | 2015-09-08 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 체결장치 및 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 스택 |
| KR101209678B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-25 | 2012-12-10 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 스택의 면압 조절 장치 |
| JP5574746B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-24 | 2014-08-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタック |
| JP5454301B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-03-26 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池スタック |
| WO2012088442A2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | 24M Technologies, Inc. | Semi-solid filled battery and method of manufacture |
-
2012
- 2012-01-10 DE DE102012000266A patent/DE102012000266A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-12-15 US US14/371,347 patent/US9385394B2/en active Active
- 2012-12-15 EP EP12822970.5A patent/EP2803106B1/de active Active
- 2012-12-15 WO PCT/EP2012/005179 patent/WO2013104395A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2012-12-15 CN CN201280066636.5A patent/CN104067430B/zh active Active
- 2012-12-15 JP JP2014550643A patent/JP5965496B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9385394B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
| EP2803106B1 (de) | 2016-09-28 |
| JP5965496B2 (ja) | 2016-08-03 |
| US20140356753A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
| CN104067430B (zh) | 2016-09-07 |
| WO2013104395A1 (de) | 2013-07-18 |
| DE102012000266A1 (de) | 2013-07-11 |
| JP2015506558A (ja) | 2015-03-02 |
| CN104067430A (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20140627 |
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