EP2800654B1 - Procédé et moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce céramique cylindrique creuse - Google Patents

Procédé et moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce céramique cylindrique creuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2800654B1
EP2800654B1 EP12788560.6A EP12788560A EP2800654B1 EP 2800654 B1 EP2800654 B1 EP 2800654B1 EP 12788560 A EP12788560 A EP 12788560A EP 2800654 B1 EP2800654 B1 EP 2800654B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
tool
sprue
ceramic
cavity
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP12788560.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2800654A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Loibl
Imke Heeren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2800654A1 publication Critical patent/EP2800654A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/24—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by injection moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/025—Hot pressing, e.g. of ceramic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/28—Cores; Mandrels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a ceramic injection molding tool for producing a hollow cylindrical ceramic component, in particular a candle plug for a spark plug.
  • Spark plugs include an insulator (plug stone), which is usually made of alumina ceramic (Al 2 O 3 ).
  • the candle stone is brought into its typical shape by pressing the Al 2 O 3 raw material and a subsequent grinding process. This is followed by sintering, in which the compact is solidified at high temperature.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that different pore sizes and pore shapes may be formed within the material during the step of powder pressing. However, the pore sizes and pore shapes greatly affect a dielectric strength of the insulator material, so that the dielectric strength of conventionally manufactured candle stones is limited to a maximum of 50 kV / mm.
  • the US 1,864,365 and the US 2,446,872 disclose methods for making a spark plug insulator by means of an injection molding process.
  • the inventive method for producing a hollow cylindrical ceramic component having the features of claim 1 has the advantage over that a ceramic component with a uniform as possible pore size and with the most uniform pore shapes can be produced.
  • the ceramic component produced according to the invention has a significantly increased dielectric strength of up to 75 kV / mm and more.
  • an injection molding tool has a core arrangement with a first and second core, which are displaceable in the axial direction.
  • the first core is at least partially disposed in the second, designed as a hollow core core.
  • the first core is arranged in the injection mold such that an annular sprue cross-section is formed on a sprue side of the tool.
  • this measure ensures that an injected ceramic material is forced into a controlled, rotationally symmetrical and flow-division-free block shear flow.
  • free-jet formations and flow seams which lead to a considerable defect formation in the ceramic component, can be avoided.
  • to such defects results in a reduced dielectric strength.
  • the concentrically arranged core arrangement allows the manufacture of ceramic components with the highest rotationally symmetrical precision and absolutely uniform wall thickness over the entire cross section. After the ceramic mass has been injected into the cavity of the tool, the annular sprue cross-section is closed by means of the first core, so that the cavity is closed by the tool walls and the first and second core.
  • a further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the displacement of the first core and the closing of the annular sprue cross-section also results in a separation of the injected ceramic mass from sprue areas of the tool.
  • the first core is tapered at one end on the sprue side, in particular formed tapered.
  • a laminar influx is further promoted in the ring cross section and further increased a homogeneity of the molding.
  • the ceramic material is supplied through a hot runner of the sprue device.
  • too fast cooling and solidification is avoided, so that after the complete injection of the ceramic material and the closing of the sprue cross section directly in the tool still the embossing process can be made.
  • a plate-shaped component with a nozzle, in particular of a heat-insulating material is provided on the sprue side.
  • the plate-shaped component is preferably made of a ceramic, in particular of ZrO 2 .
  • the first and second core are displaced simultaneously or substantially simultaneously in the axial direction. It should only be noted that the second core for the embossing process still remains displaceable as soon as the first core has closed the sprue cross-section.
  • the invention further relates to a ceramic injection molding tool for producing a hollow cylindrical ceramic component, in particular a candle block for a Spark plug, with the features of claim 6.
  • the ceramic injection molding tool comprises a first and a second tool part, which divide the tool in the radial direction, so that a longitudinal seam on the later ceramic component is avoided.
  • a gate device is provided with a supply port for supplying a ceramic material and a core assembly comprising a first and second core. The cores are movable in the axial direction, wherein the first core is at least partially disposed in the second core.
  • the first core can be brought into a first position, in which an annular spout cross-section is formed between the first core and the spout device in order to allow laminar inflow of a ceramic mass. Furthermore, the first core can be brought into a second position, in which the first core closes the spout cross section. This makes it possible that the second core is then moved in the axial direction and exerts pressure on the injected ceramic material from the other side of the cavity ago.
  • an outer diameter of the first core corresponds to a diameter of a feed opening of the sprue device. In this way, a secure closing of the feed cross section through the first core can be achieved.
  • the ceramic injection molding tool comprises a moving device that independently moves the first and second cores.
  • the first core preferably has a tapering end.
  • the tapered end is formed as a spherical portion or conical.
  • a plate-shaped component is further provided with a nozzle which is arranged between a tool part and the sprue device.
  • the plate-shaped component prevents too rapid cooling of the injected ceramic material.
  • the plate-shaped component is preferably made of a good insulating material, preferably a ceramic or other hardened material.
  • a diameter of the nozzle preferably corresponds to a diameter of the first core, so that the first core the injected mass in the region of the nozzle can shear off and close the nozzle.
  • the use of the plate-like member further ensures rapid tool retrofitting by simply replacing the first core and the plate-like member and exchanging them for other components of other dimensions (for example, other diameters). As a result, candle stones can be produced with different inner diameters.
  • a diameter of the nozzle of the plate-shaped component is particularly preferably equal to an outer diameter of the first core.
  • the first core is formed in two parts with a first, central cylindrical core part and a second hollow core surrounding the first core part.
  • the hollow core is then surrounded by the second core.
  • the use of a two-part first core makes it possible to form a shoulder in the interior of the ceramic component, so that, in particular when producing an insulator for a spark plug, a substantially step-shaped center electrode can abut an annular shoulder in the interior of the cavity.
  • the present disclosure relates to an insulator for a spark plug, which is produced by a method according to the invention.
  • the insulator preferably has a dielectric strength of greater than or equal to 75 kV / mm. drawing
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 a ceramic injection molding tool 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention described in detail.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a use of a ceramic component produced by the method according to the invention.
  • a spark plug 20 is shown, wherein a plug stone (insulator) 21 of the spark plug can be produced by the method according to the invention.
  • the spark plug further comprises, as known, a center electrode 22, one or more ground electrodes 23, a resistance fuse 24, a terminal bolt 25 and a housing 26.
  • the plug 21 is made of an insulating material and has a hollow cylindrical main shape.
  • the FIGS. 1 to 3 show a ceramic injection molding tool 1 for producing, for example, the candle stone 21.
  • the ceramic injection molding tool 1 comprises a first tool part 2 and a second tool part 3, which define a cavity 4 in the assembled state.
  • the first and second tool parts 2, 3 form the ceramic injection-molding tool 1 in such a way that it is divided in the radial direction R into a longitudinal axis XX.
  • the ceramic injection molding tool 1 further comprises a core assembly 6 having a first core 7 and a second core 8 FIG. 1 it can be seen, the first core 7 is partially received in the hollow, cylindrical second core 8.
  • the shape of the first core 7 is also cylindrical, with the first core 7 having a tapered tip 70 at its free end.
  • the tapered tip 70 is a hemisphere.
  • the two nuclei as in FIG. 2 indicated by the arrows A, B, arranged displaceably in the direction of the longitudinal axis XX in the ceramic injection molding tool 1.
  • the first core 7 can be moved independently of the second core 8 and vice versa.
  • the ceramic injection molding tool 1 comprises a sprue device 5 with a feed channel 50.
  • the sprue device 5 is heated and a ceramic compound (powdered ceramic and binder) is fed in the direction of the arrow C through the sprue device 5 into the cavity 4.
  • the air contained in the cavity 4 is vented through a vent passage (not shown) or a volume is applied to the cavity prior to injection. From this annular ceramic mass flow thus results in a uniform filling front in the axial direction of the ceramic injection molding tool in the direction of the second core 8.
  • the first core 7 is advanced in the axial direction XX in the direction of the sprue side until the first core 7 abuts against a wall region 12 with a reduced diameter.
  • the ceramic material contained in the cavity 4 is included, ie, the connection to the feed channel 50 is interrupted, so that no more ceramic material can flow. It should be noted that this step must still take place in the plastic state of the ceramic material. Thus is the ceramic mass located in the cavity 4 is cleanly separated from the mass still contained in the sprue device 5.
  • the second core 8 in the direction of arrow B ( FIG. 2 ) and thus exerts a pressure on the ceramic material located in the cavity 4.
  • the molding is then sintered.
  • the pressure by the second core is maintained.
  • FIG. 5 shows a ceramic injection molding tool 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the ceramic injection molding tool 1 comprises a plate-shaped component 15 with a nozzle 16.
  • An inner diameter of the nozzle 16 corresponds to an outer diameter of the first core 7.
  • an annular cross-section 9 can be provided between the first core 7 and the tool wall, in order to achieve a laminar, swirl-free inflow into the tool.
  • the first core 7 is advanced, due to the same diameter between the core and the nozzle 16, the first core 7, the nozzle 16 completely closes and optionally also in the Sprue device 5 can be inserted.
  • a feeding of the second core 8 in order to pressurize the closed ceramic material located in the cavity 4.
  • the first core 7 can also be designed in two parts. More preferably, the first core is in two parts and formed with a first, central cylindrical core part and a second hollow core surrounding the first core part. The hollow core is then surrounded by the second core.
  • the use of a two-part first core makes it possible to form a shoulder in the interior of the ceramic component, so that, in particular when producing an insulator for a spark plug, a substantially position-like center electrode can abut an annular shoulder in the interior of the cavity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant en céramique cylindrique creux (21), en particulier un bloc de bougie pour une bougie d'allumage, le composant en céramique (21) présentant une ouverture traversante centrale, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - fermeture d'un outil divisé dans la direction radiale du composant en céramique (21) avec une première partie d'outil (2) et une deuxième partie d'outil (3), qui définissent une cavité (4),
    - disposition d'un agencement de noyau central, comprenant un premier noyau (7) et un deuxième noyau (8), dans la cavité (4), le premier et le deuxième noyau étant déplaçables dans la direction axiale (X-X) de l'outil, le deuxième noyau étant réalisé sous forme de noyau creux et recevant au moins en partie le premier noyau (7),
    - disposition du premier noyau (7) au niveau d'un côté d'amenée de coulée de l'outil de telle sorte qu'une section transversale d'amenée de coulée annulaire (9) soit formée,
    - disposition du deuxième noyau (8) au niveau d'une extrémité opposée au côté de l'amenée de coulée dans la direction axiale (X-X), le deuxième noyau (8) définissant une extrémité de la cavité,
    - injection d'une masse de céramique à travers la section transversale d'amenée de coulée annulaire (9) dans la cavité (4),
    - fermeture de la section transversale d'amenée de coulée annulaire (9) au moyen du premier noyau (7), de telle sorte que la cavité (4) soit fermée au moyen de la première et de la deuxième partie d'outil (2, 3), du premier noyau (7) et du deuxième noyau (8), et
    - déplacement du deuxième noyau (8) dans la direction axiale (X-X) dans la direction du côté de l'amenée de coulée afin d'exercer une pression sur la masse de céramique injectée et de la comprimer dans la cavité (4).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier noyau (7) est réalisé de manière à se rétrécir au niveau du côté de l'amenée de coulée, en particulier est réalisé de manière à se terminer sous forme conique.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la masse de céramique est acheminée par le biais d'un canal chaud.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au niveau du côté de l'amenée de coulée de l'outil est disposé un composant (15) en forme de plaque avec une buse (16), en particulier constitué d'un matériau calorifuge.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier noyau (7) et le deuxième noyau (8) sont avancés après l'injection de la masse de céramique simultanément ou essentiellement simultanément dans la direction axiale (X-X).
  6. Outil de moulage par injection de céramique pour la fabrication d'un composant en céramique cylindrique creux (21), en particulier d'un bloc de bougie pour une bougie d'allumage, comprenant
    - une première partie d'outil (2),
    - une deuxième partie d'outil (3), l'outil de moulage par injection de céramique étant divisé par la première et la deuxième partie d'outil (2, 3) dans la direction radiale et la première et la deuxième partie d'outil (2, 3) définissant une cavité (4),
    - un dispositif d'amenée de coulée (5) avec une ouverture d'alimentation pour l'alimentation en un matériau en céramique, et
    - un agencement de noyau (6) comprenant un premier noyau (7) et un deuxième noyau (8), les noyaux (7, 8) étant déplaçables dans la direction axiale et le premier noyau (7) étant disposé au moins en partie dans le deuxième noyau (8),
    - le premier noyau (7) pouvant être amené dans une première position dans laquelle une section transversale de l'amenée de coulée annulaire (9) est formée et dans une deuxième position dans laquelle le premier noyau (7) ferme la section transversale de l'amenée de coulée annulaire, et
    - le deuxième noyau (8) étant disposé au niveau d'une extrémité opposée à la direction axiale du côté de l'amenée de coulée (X-X) et définissant une extrémité axiale de la cavité (4).
  7. Outil selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un diamètre extérieur du premier noyau (7) correspond à un diamètre de l'ouverture d'alimentation du dispositif d'amenée de coulée (5).
  8. Outil selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé par un dispositif de déplacement qui déplace le premier noyau (7) et le deuxième noyau (8) indépendamment l'un de l'autre.
  9. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le premier noyau (7) présente une extrémité se rétrécissant.
  10. Outil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, comprenant en outre un composant en forme de plaque (15) avec une buse (16) qui est disposé entre la première partie d'outil (2) et le dispositif d'amenée de coulée (5).
EP12788560.6A 2012-01-03 2012-11-22 Procédé et moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce céramique cylindrique creuse Active EP2800654B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210200046 DE102012200046A1 (de) 2012-01-03 2012-01-03 Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Herstellung eines hohlzylindrischen Keramikbauteils
PCT/EP2012/073364 WO2013102513A1 (fr) 2012-01-03 2012-11-22 Procédé et moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce céramique cylindrique creuse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2800654A1 EP2800654A1 (fr) 2014-11-12
EP2800654B1 true EP2800654B1 (fr) 2016-05-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12788560.6A Active EP2800654B1 (fr) 2012-01-03 2012-11-22 Procédé et moule pour la fabrication d'une pièce céramique cylindrique creuse

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EP (1) EP2800654B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012200046A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013102513A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016092723A1 (fr) * 2014-12-09 2016-06-16 日本特殊陶業株式会社 Procédé de production d'isolateur de bougie d'allumage, isolateur, matrice de moulage

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1864365A (en) * 1929-09-06 1932-06-21 Ac Spark Plug Co Process and apparatus for forming ceramic bodies
DE699080C (de) * 1938-07-17 1940-11-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Zuendkerzensteinen
US2446872A (en) * 1941-12-04 1948-08-10 Gen Motors Corp Method of molding ceramic articles
JPH1190963A (ja) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-06 Toto Ltd 射出成形用金型
CN1284286C (zh) * 1998-11-24 2006-11-08 日本特殊陶业株式会社 火花塞用绝缘子以及使用该绝缘子的火花塞

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Publication number Publication date
EP2800654A1 (fr) 2014-11-12
WO2013102513A1 (fr) 2013-07-11
DE102012200046A1 (de) 2013-07-04

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