EP2794982A1 - Fibre inorganique résistant aux températures élevées - Google Patents

Fibre inorganique résistant aux températures élevées

Info

Publication number
EP2794982A1
EP2794982A1 EP12860154.9A EP12860154A EP2794982A1 EP 2794982 A1 EP2794982 A1 EP 2794982A1 EP 12860154 A EP12860154 A EP 12860154A EP 2794982 A1 EP2794982 A1 EP 2794982A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
weight percent
containing compound
phosphorous containing
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP12860154.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2794982A4 (fr
Inventor
Bruce K. Zoitos
Michael J. Andrejcak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unifrax 1 LLC
Original Assignee
Unifrax Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unifrax Corp filed Critical Unifrax Corp
Publication of EP2794982A1 publication Critical patent/EP2794982A1/fr
Publication of EP2794982A4 publication Critical patent/EP2794982A4/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62227—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres
    • C04B35/62231—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/6224—Fibres based on silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/42—Coatings containing inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/62844—Coating fibres
    • C04B35/62881—Coating fibres with metal salts, e.g. phosphates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/70—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with oxides of phosphorus; with hypophosphorous, phosphorous or phosphoric acids or their salts
    • D06M11/71—Salts of phosphoric acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3272—Iron oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. hematite, magnetite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate, hypophosphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/72—Products characterised by the absence or the low content of specific components, e.g. alkali metal free alumina ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
    • C04B2235/9615—Linear firing shrinkage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts

Definitions

  • a high temperature resistant inorganic fiber that is useful as a thermal, electrical, or acoustical insulating material, and which has a use temperature of 1400°C and greater is provided.
  • the high temperature resistant inorganic fiber is easily manufacturable, exhibits low shrinkage after prolonged exposure to the use temperature, retains good mechanical strength after exposure to the use temperature, and is soluble in physiological fluids.
  • the insulation material industry has determined that it is desirable to utilize fibers in thermal, electrical and acoustical insulating applications, which are not durable in physiological fluids, that is, fiber compositions which exhibit a low biopersistence or a high solubility in physiological fluids. While candidate materials have been proposed, the use temperature limit of these materials have not been high enough to accommodate many of the applications to which high temperature resistant fibers, including synthetic vitreous fibers and ceramic fibers, are applied. Many other compositions within the synthetic vitreous fiber family of materials have been proposed which are non-durable or decomposable in a physiological medium. [0004] The high temperature resistant fibers should also exhibit minimal linear shrinkage at expected exposure temperatures, and after prolonged or continuous exposure to the expected use temperatures, in order to provide effective thermal protection to the article being insulated.
  • One characteristic of the mechanical integrity of a fiber is its after service friability. The more friable a fiber, that is, the more easily it is crushed or crumbled to a powder, the less mechanical integrity it possesses. In general, inorganic fibers that exhibit both high temperature resistance and non-durability in physiological fluids also exhibit a high degree of after service friability. This results in the fiber lacking the strength or mechanical integrity after exposure to the service temperature to be able to provide the necessary structure to accomplish its insulating purpose. Other measures of mechanical integrity of fibers include compression strength and compression recovery.
  • an improved inorganic fiber composition that is readily manufacturable from a fiberizable melt of desired ingredients, which exhibits low shrinkage during and after exposure to service temperatures of 1400°C or greater, which exhibits low brittleness after exposure to the expected use temperatures, and which maintains mechanical integrity after exposure to use temperatures of 1400°C or greater.
  • a low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber having a use temperature of 1260°C or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity after exposure to the use temperature, and which is non-durable in physiological fluids
  • a low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber having a use temperature of 1400°C or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity after exposure to the use temperature, and which is non-durable in physiological fluids.
  • the inorganic fiber comprises the fiberization product of a melt comprising about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and an addition of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the phosphorous containing compound may be incorporated throughout the fiber, or as a coating on at least a portion of the fiber, or both.
  • the method comprises forming a melt with ingredients comprising greater than about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a phosphorous containing compound, producing fibers from the melt.
  • the method for preparing a low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber having a use temperature of 1400°C, or greater which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids.
  • the method comprises forming a melt with ingredients comprising greater than about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia and producing fibers from the melt. At least a portion of the resulting fibers are coated with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the inorganic fibers may be coated with the phosphorous containing compound at the point of fiberization or after fiberization.
  • a method for preparing a low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber having a use temperature of 1400°C, or greater which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids.
  • the method comprises forming a melt with ingredients comprising greater than about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a phosphorous containing compound, producing fibers from the melt, and coating at least a portion of the resulting fibers with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the inorganic fibers may be coated with the phosphorous containing compound at the point of fiberization or after fiberization.
  • the fibers include a phosphorous compound within the fiber and also on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the fiber.
  • the method for preparing a low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber comprises forming a melt with ingredients comprising greater than 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, producing fibers from the melt, and; coating at least a portion of the resulting fibers at the point of fiberization or after fiberization with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • a method of insulating an article with fibrous insulation prepared from the inorganic fibers is also provided.
  • the method includes disposing on, in, near or around the article, a thermal insulation material having a use temperature of 1260°C, or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids, the insulation material comprising the fiberization product of a melt of ingredients comprising about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a phosphorous containing compound.
  • a method of insulating an article with fibrous insulation prepared from the inorganic fibers includes disposing on, in, near or around the article, a thermal insulation material having a use temperature of 1400°C, or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids, the insulation material comprising the fiberization product of a melt of ingredients comprising about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the method of insulating an article includes disposing on, in, near or around the article, a thermal insulation material having a use temperature up to at least 1260°C, or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids, said insulation material comprising the fiberization product of a melt of ingredients comprising greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a coating of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the method of insulating an article includes disposing on, in, near or around the article, a thermal insulation material having a use temperature up to at least 1400°C, or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids, said insulation material comprising the fiberization product of a melt of ingredients comprising greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a coating of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the method of insulating an article includes disposing on, in, near or around the article, a thermal insulation material having a use temperature up to at least 1400°C, or greater, which maintains mechanical integrity up to the use temperature and which is non-durable in physiological fluids, said insulation material comprising the fiberization product of a melt with ingredients comprising greater than about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and a phosphorous containing compound, producing fibers from the melt, and coating at least a portion of the resulting fibers with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 1 is a viscosity vs. temperature curve of a melt chemistry for a commercially available magnesium-silicate fiber and magnesium-silicate fiber which includes a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the dissolution rate of magnesium-silicate fibers which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph which shows the linear shrinkage at 1260°C of magnesium-silicate fibers which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph which shows the linear shrinkage at 1400°C of magnesium-silicate fibers which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph which shows the linear shrinkage at 1500°C of magnesium-silicate fibers which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph which shows linear shrinkage at 1400°C of magnesium silicate fibers prepared from about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and which include varying ranges of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the dissolution rate of magnesium silicate fibers prepared from about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph which shows linear shrinkage at 1260°C of magnesium silicate fibers prepared having different target levels of silica and which include varying ranges of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph which shows linear shrinkage at 1400 C of magnesium silicate fibers prepared having different target levels of silica and which include varying ranges of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph which shows linear shrinkage at 1400°C of high alumina- containing magnesium silicate fibers prepared from about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and which include varying ranges of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph showing the dissolution rate of high alumina-containing magnesium silicate fibers prepared from about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph which shows the linear shrinkage at 1400°C of magnesium- silicate fibers which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound as a coating on the exterior surfaces of the fiber.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph which shows the linear shrinkage at 1260°C of magnesium- silicate fibers which include varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound as a coating on the exterior surfaces of the fiber.
  • the vitreous inorganic fiber that is useful as a thermal, electrical, and acoustical insulation material is provided.
  • the vitreous inorganic fiber has a continuous service or use temperature of 1260°C or greater. According to other embodiments, the vitreous inorganic fiber has a continuous service or use temperature of 1400°C or greater.
  • the fiber to be produced must be manufacturable, sufficiently soluble in physiological fluids, and capable of surviving high temperatures with minimal shrinkage and minimal loss of mechanical integrity during exposure to the high service temperatures.
  • the present inorganic fiber is non-durable in physiological fluids.
  • non-durable in physiological fluids, it is meant that the inorganic fiber at least partially dissolves in such fluids, such as simulated lung fluid, during in vitro tests.
  • the inorganic vitreous fiber also exhibits a linear shrinkage, as determined by the test method described below, of less than about 3.5 percent in response to exposure to a use temperature of 1260°C for 24 hours and less than 4.0 percent in response to exposure to a use temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours.
  • Durability may be tested by measuring the rate at which mass is lost from the fiber (ng/cm 2 -hr) under conditions which simulate the temperature and chemical conditions found in the human lung. This test consists of exposing approximately O.lg of de-shotted fiber to 50 ml of simulated lung fluid (SLF) for 6 hours. The entire test system is maintained at 37°C, to simulate the temperature of the human body.
  • SPF simulated lung fluid
  • the SLF After the SLF has been exposed to the fiber, it is collected and analyzed for glass constituents using Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy. A "blank" SLF sample is also measured and used to correct for elements present in the SLF. Once this data has been obtained, it is possible to calculate the rate at which the fiber has lost mass over the time interval of the study.
  • the fibers of the present invention are significantly less durable than normal refractory ceramic fiber in simulated lung fluid.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph which illustrates the fiber dissolution rate of various magnesium- silicate phosphorous containing fiber compositions.
  • the fiber compositions of FIG. 2 generally comprise from about 75.4 to about 79.2 weight percent silica, from about 0.17 to about 0.4 weight percent calcia impurity, from about 17.1 to about 20.7 weight percent magnesia, from about 1.1 to about 1.7 weight percent alumina and varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound (i.e., up to 3.0 weight percent).
  • the rate of dissolution (ng/cm 2 hr) generally increases when the amount of phosphorous containing compound is increased within the magnesium-silicate fiber composition.
  • Viscosity refers to the ability of a glass melt to resist flow or shear stress. The viscosity-temperature relationship is critical in determining whether it is possible to fiberize a given glass composition. An optimum viscosity curve would have a low viscosity (5-50 poise) at the fiberization temperature and would gradually increase as the temperature decreased. If the melt is not sufficiently viscous (i.e. too thin) at the fiberization temperature, the result is a short, thin fiber, with a high proportion of unfiberized material (shot). If the melt is too viscous at the fiberization temperature, the resulting fiber will be extremely coarse (high diameter) and short.
  • Viscosity is dependent upon melt chemistry, which is also affected by elements or compounds that act as viscosity modifiers. Viscosity modifiers permit fibers to be blown or spun from the fiber melt. It is desireable, however, that such viscosity modifiers, either by type or amount, do not adversely impact the solubility, shrink resistance, or mechanical strength of the blown or spun fiber.
  • One approach to testing whether a fiber of a defined composition can be readily manufactured at an acceptable quality level is to determine whether the viscosity curve of the experimental chemistry matches that of a known product which can be easily fiberized. Viscosity-temperature profiles may be measured on a viscometer, capable of operating at elevated temperatures. In addition, an adequate viscosity profile may be inferred by routine experimentation, examining the quality of fiber (index, diameter, length) produced. The shape of the viscosity vs. temperature curve for a glass composition is representative of the ease with which a melt will fiberize and thus, of the quality of the resulting fiber (affecting, for example, the fiber's shot content, fiber diameter, and fiber length). Glasses generally have low viscosity at high temperatures. As temperature decreases, the viscosity increases.
  • the value of the viscosity at a given temperature will vary as a function of the composition, as will the overall steepness of the viscosity vs. temperature curve.
  • the viscosity curve of a magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber has a viscosity that approximates the target viscosity curve of the FIG. 1 for the commercially available, spun magnesium-silicate fiber.
  • Linear shrinkage of an inorganic fiber is a good measure of a fiber's high temperature resistance or of its performance at a particular continuous service or use temperature. Fibers are tested for shrinkage by forming them into a mat and needle punching the mat together into a blanket of approximately 8 pounds per cubic foot density and a thickness of about 1 inch.
  • Such pads are cut into 3 inch x 5 inch pieces and platinum pins are inserted into the face of the material. The separation distance of these pins is then carefully measured and recorded. The pad is then placed into a furnace, ramped to temperature and held at the temperature for a fixed period of time. After heating, the pin separation is again measured to determine the linear shrinkage that pad has experienced.
  • FIGS. 3-5 are graphs which illustrate the linear shrinkage of various magnesium- silicate phosphorous containing fiber compositions at temperatures of 1260°C, 1400°C and 1500°C respectively.
  • the fiber compositions of FIGS. 3-5 generally comprise from about 75.4 to about 79.2 weight percent silica, from about 0.17 to about 0.4 weight percent calcia impurity, from about 17.1 to about 20.7 weight percent magnesia, from about 1.1 to about 1.7 weight percent alumina and varying amounts of a phosphorous containing compound (i.e., up to about 2.5 weight percent and up to about 4.5 weight percent).
  • the amount of fiber shrinkage at 1260°C, 1400°C and 1500°C generally decreases with increasing amounts of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • Mechanical integrity is also an important property since the fiber must support its own weight in any application and must also be able to resist abrasion due to moving air or gas. Indications of fiber integrity and mechanical strength are provided by visual and tactile observations, as well as mechanical measurement of these properties of after-service temperature exposed fibers. The ability of the fiber to maintain its integrity after exposure to the use temperature may also be measured mechanically by testing for compression strength and compression recovery. These tests measure, respectively, how easily the pad may be deformed and the amount of resiliency (or compression recovery) the pad exhibits after a compression of 50%. Visual and tactile observations indicate that the present inorganic fiber remains intact and maintains its form after exposure to a use temperature of at least 1400°C.
  • the low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber comprises the fiberization product of a melt containing magnesia and silica as the primary constituents.
  • the non-durable inorganic fibers are made by standard glass and ceramic fiber manufacturing methods.
  • Raw materials such as silica, any suitable source of magnesia such as enstatite, forsterite, magnesia, magnesite, calcined magnesite, magnesium zirconate, periclase, steatite, or talc, and, if zirconia is included in the fiber melt, any suitable source of zirconia such as baddeleyite, magnesium zirconate, zircon or zirconia, are introduced into a suitable furnace where they are melted and blown using a fiberization nozzle, or spun, either in a batch or a continuous mode.
  • the inorganic fiber comprising the fiberization product of magnesia and silica is referred to as a "magnesium-silicate" fiber.
  • the low shrinkage, high temperature resistant inorganic fiber also comprises a phosphorous containing compound as part of the melt chemistry of the fiber composition or as a coating that is applied to the fiber at the point of fiberization or after fiberization.
  • the inorganic fiber may comprise a phosphorous containing compound as both part of its melt chemistry and as a coating which is applied to at least a portion of the exterior surface of the inorganic fiber.
  • the present inorganic fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of from about 5 to about 10 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the inorganic fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the inorganic fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, and from about 5 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the inorganic fiber comprising the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia and greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica andabout 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent based on the total fiber weight of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of greater than 71.25 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 28.75 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the inorganic fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and a includes coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the inorganic fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia and a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 25 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the inorganic fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silicaand about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia and a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica, about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 75 to about 79 weight percent silica and about 15 to about 20 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the inorganic fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 7 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 6 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and including a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 2 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica, about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the fiber comprises the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia, and includes a coating of a phosphorous containing compound in an amount of greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent based on the total fiber weight.
  • the fiber comprising the fiberization product of about 72 to about 80 weight percent silica and about 20 to about 28 weight percent magnesia also comprises greater than 0 to less than 1 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound as part of the fiber's melt chemistry and as a coating based on the total fiber weight.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber may contain a number of impurities.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber may contain up to about 10 weight percent of impurities. Such impurities may include calcia and iron oxides.
  • the fiber does not contain more than about 1 weight percent calcia impurity.
  • the fiber contains less than 0.5 weight percent calcia impurity. In other embodiments, the fiber contains less than 0.3 weight percent calcia. According to other embodiments, the fiber does not contain more than about 2 weight percent iron oxides impurity (calculated as Fe 2 C"3).
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1260°C for 24 hours of less than 3.5 percent. In other embodiments, the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1260°C for 24 hours of less than 2.0 percent.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 10 percent. In other embodiments, the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 5 percent. In other embodiments, the magnesium- silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 4 percent. In other embodiments, the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 3.5 percent.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 2.5 percent. In other embodiments, the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 2 percent.
  • a fiber comprising the fiberization product comprising of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound, and greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent alumina exhibits a linear shrinkage of about 5% or less at 1260°C for 24 hours.
  • a fiber comprising the fiberization product comprising of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound, and greater than 0 to about 3 weight percent alumina exhibits a linear shrinkage of about 15% or less at 1260°C for 24 hours.
  • a fiber comprising the fiberization product comprising of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia, greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound, and greater than 0 to about 4 weight percent alumina exhibits a linear shrinkage of about 20% or less at 1260°C for 24 hours.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers are useful for thermal insulating applications at continuous service or operating temperatures of at least 1260°C or greater. According to certain embodiments, the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers are useful for thermal insulating applications at continuous service or operating temperatures of at least 1400°C or greater. Furthermore, it has been found that the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers do not melt until they are exposed to a temperature of 1500°C or greater.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber may be prepared by fiber blowing or fiber spinning techniques.
  • a suitable fiber blowing technique includes the steps of mixing the starting raw materials containing magnesia, silica and, phosphorous containing compound together to form a material mixture of ingredients, introducing the material mixture of ingredients into a suitable vessel or container, melting the material mixture of ingredients for discharge through a suitable nozzle, and blowing a high pressure gas onto the discharged flow of molten material mixture of ingredients to form the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers.
  • a suitable fiber spinning technique includes the steps of mixing the starting raw materials containing magnesia, silica and phosphorous containing compound together to form a material mixture of ingredients, introducing the material mixture of ingredients into a suitable vessel or container, melting the material mixture of ingredients for discharge through a suitable nozzle onto spinning wheels. The molten stream then cascades over the wheels, coating the wheels and being thrown off through centripetal forces, thereby forming fibers.
  • the fiber is produced from a melt of raw materials by subjecting the molten stream to a jet of high pressure/high velocity air or by pouring the melt onto rapidly spinning wheels and spinning fiber centrifugally.
  • phosphorous pentoxide is provided as an additive to the melt, then a suitable phosphorous pentoxide bearing raw material is simply added at the proper amount to the raw materials being melted.
  • Phosphorous pentoxide may be added as magnesium phosphate, ammonium phosphate or any other form of phosphate compatible with the overall chemistry. The addition of phosphorous pentoxide to the melt may range from greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent or greater.
  • a phosphorous containing compound as a component of the raw materials which are fiberized or as a coating which is applied to the exterior surfaces of the fiber results in a decrease of linear shrinkage of the resulting fiber after exposure to the use temperature.
  • the addition of a phosphorous containing compound as a component of the raw materials which are fiberized decreases the temperature of solidification and results in an improved viscosity of the fiberization melt.
  • the addition of a phosphorous containing compound to the fiberization melt decreases the solidification temperature about 50°C.
  • the phosphorous containing compound may function as a viscosity modifier in certain embodiments.
  • the viscosity of the material melt of ingredients may optionally be controlled by the presence of viscosity modifiers, in an amount sufficient to provide the fiberization required for the desired applications.
  • the viscosity modifiers may be present in the raw materials which supply the main components of the melt, or may, at least in part, be separately added. Desired particle size of the raw materials is determined by furnacing conditions, including furnace size (SEF), pour rate, melt temperature, residence time, and the like.
  • a compound containing a lanthanide series element may be utilized to enhance the viscosity of a fiber melt containing silica and magnesia as major components, thereby enhancing the fiberizability of the fiber melt.
  • Other compounds which may be utilized to enhance the viscosity of the fiber melt include alumina, boria or combinations of alumina and boria. In certain embodiments, it is desirable to limit the amount of alumina present in the fiber melt chemistry to at least below about 2 weight percent, and, if possible, with raw materials used, to less than about 1 weight percent.
  • Other elements or compounds may be utilized as viscosity modifiers which, when added to the melt, affect the melt viscosity so as to approximate the profile, or shape, of the viscosity/temperature curve of a melt that is readily fiberizable.
  • a portion of the exterior surfaces of the fiber is coated with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • substantially all of the exterior surface of the fiber is coated with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the entire exterior surface of the fiber is coated with the phosphorous containing compound.
  • the phosphorous containing compound precursor that is used to form the coating on the at least a portion of the surface of the magnesium-silicate fiber may include phosphoric acid in its various forms, such as a metaphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, superphosphoric acid, any water soluble salt of phosphoric acid that includes the -PO 4 group, and mixtures thereof.
  • Metal phosphates are suitable for forming the coating of the surfaces of the magnesium-silicate fibers to increase the temperature resistance of the fibers.
  • the metal phosphates that may be utilized to coat the surfaces of the magnesium-silicate fibers include the alkali metal phosphates and the alkaline earth metal phosphates, ammonium phosphates, or mixtures thereof.
  • suitable alkali metal phosphates may include lithium phosphates, sodium phosphates, and potassium phosphates.
  • suitable alkaline earth metal phosphates include magnesium phosphate and calcium phosphate. Ammonium phosphate may also be used to coat the surfaces of the magnesium-silicate fiber.
  • the magnesium-silicate fibers having a phosphorous containing compound coating that is derived from a phosphorous containing compound precursor on at least a portion of the exterior fiber surfaces exhibit a linear shrinkage after exposure to a service temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours of less than 4 percent.
  • the coated magnesium- silicate fibers are useful for thermal insulating applications at continuous service or operating temperatures of at least 1400°C or greater.
  • the coating containing a phosphorous compound may be applied to the exterior surfaces of the fiber either during the fiberization process (at the point of fiberization), or after the magnesium-silicate fibers have been fiberized. It is useful to apply the coating of the phosphorous compound on the fibers surfaces during the fiberization process. According to this technique, the coating containing the phosphorous compound is sprayed onto the surfaces of the fibers at the point of fiberization with a suitable spray apparatus having a nozzle for discharging the coating composition onto the fibers. That is, the coating composition containing a phosphorous compound is applied to the fibers as the fibers are discharged from the molten mixture of ingredients.
  • the coating containing the phosphorous compound may also be applied to the fiber surfaces after completion of the fiberization process by a number of techniques including, without limitation, dipping, immersing, impregnating, soaking, spraying, or splashing the fibers with the coating composition containing a phosphorous compound.
  • a method for preparing a low shrinkage, high temperature resistant, non-durable magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber having a use temperature of at least 1400 C or greater is provided.
  • the method of forming the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fiber includes forming a material melt of ingredients comprising magnesia, silica, and a phosphorous containing compound and forming fibers from the melt of ingredients.
  • the method of forming the magnesium- silicate phosphorous containing fiber includes forming a material melt of ingredients comprising magnesia and silica, forming fibers from the melt of ingredients and coating the resulting fiber at the point of fiberization or after fiberization with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the method of forming the magnesium- silicate phosphorous containing fiber includes forming a material melt of ingredients comprising magnesia, silica, and a phosphorous containing compound, forming fibers from the melt of ingredients and coating the resulting fiber at the point of fiberization or after fiberization with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers may be produced from the melt of ingredients by standard melt spinning or fiber blowing techniques.
  • the fiber may be manufactured with existing fiberization technology and formed into multiple thermal insulation product forms, including but not limited to bulk fibers, fiber-containing blankets, boards, papers, felts, mats, blocks, modules, coatings, cements, moldable compositions, pumpable compositions, putties, ropes, braids, wicking, textiles (such as cloths, tapes, sleeving, string, yarns, etc .), vacuum cast shapes and composites.
  • the fiber may be used in combination with conventional materials utilized in the production of fiber-containing blankets, vacuum cast shapes and composites, as a substitute for conventional refractory ceramic fibers.
  • the fiber may be used alone or in combination with other materials, such as binders and the like, in the production of fiber- containing paper and felt.
  • a method of insulating an article using a thermal insulation containing the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers is also provided.
  • the method of insulating an article includes disposing on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated, a thermal insulation material that contains the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers.
  • the magnesium- silicate phosphorous containing fibers included in the thermal insulation material comprise the fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica, about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia and greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • a method of insulating an article using thermal insulation containing phosphorous coated magnesium-silicate fibers is also provided.
  • the method of insulating an article includes disposing on, in, near, or around the article to be insulated, a thermal insulation material that contains phosphate coated magnesium-silicate fibers prepared in accordance with this process.
  • the thermal insulation article comprises inorganic fibers comprising a fiberization product of about 65 to about 86 weight percent silica and about 14 to about 35 weight percent magnesia and wherein at least a portion of the fiber surface is coated with a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the high temperature resistant refractory inorganic fibers are readily manufacturable from a melt having a viscosity suitable for blowing or spinning fiber, are non-durable in physiological fluids, exhibit good mechanical strength up to the service temperature, exhibit excellent linear shrinkage up to 1400°C, and improved viscosity for fiberization.
  • Magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers were produced by a fiber blowing process from a melt comprising about 20.5 weight percent magnesia, about 78 weight percent silica, about 1.5 weight percent alumina impurity and magnesium phosphate in an amount sufficient to yield 3 weight percent measured as P2O5 of the fiberization product.
  • a shrinkage pad was prepared by mixing the blown fibers, a phenolic binder and water. The mixture of fibers, binder and water was poured into a sheet mold and the water was allowed to drawn through openings in the bottom of the mold. A 3 inch x 5 inch test piece was cut from the pad and was used in the shrinkage testing. The length and width of the test pad was carefully measured.
  • test pad was then placed into a furnace and brought to a temperature of 1400°C for 24 hours. After heating for 24 hours, the test pad was removed from the test furnace and cooled. After cooling, the length and width of the test pad were measured again.
  • the linear shrinkage of the test pad was determined by comparing the "before” and “after” dimensional measurements.
  • the test pad comprising fibers of Example 1 exhibited a linear shrinkage of about 1.9 %.
  • Magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers were produced by a fiber blowing process from a melt comprising about 20.5 weight percent magnesia, about 78 weight percent silica, about 1.5 weight percent alumina impurity and magnesium phosphate in an amount sufficient to yield 2 weight percent measured as P2O5 of the fiberization product.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers were formed into a test pad and the shrinkage characteristics of the test pad were determined according to the methods described for Example 1.
  • the test pad comprising fibers manufactured from a melt of ingredients of Example 2 exhibited a linear shrinkage of from about 1.6 % to about 1.9 % after exposure to a use temperature 1260°C for 24 hours and exhibited a linear shrinkage of from about 2.5 % to about 3.1 % after exposure to a use temperature of 1400°C after 24 hours.
  • Magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers were produced by a fiber blowing process from a melt comprising about 20.5 weight percent magnesia, about 78 weight percent silica, about 1.5 weight percent alumina impurity and magnesium phosphate in an amount sufficient to yield 1.5 weight percent measured as P2O5 of the fiberization product.
  • the magnesium-silicate phosphorous containing fibers were formed into a test pad and the shrinkage characteristics of the test pad were determined according to the methods described for Example 1.
  • test pad comprising fibers manufactured from a melt of ingredients of Example 3 exhibited a linear shrinkage of from about 3.1 % after exposure to a use temperature 1260°C for 24 hours and exhibited a linear shrinkage of from about 3.6 % after exposure to a use temperature of 1400°C after 24 hours.
  • Example 4
  • Magnesium-silicate fibers were produced by a fiber blowing process from a melt comprising from about 18 to about 27 weight percent magnesia and from about 70 to about 80 weight percent silica.
  • a solution of ammonium phosphate was prepared and sprayed onto the surface of the fibers during fiberization, thus coating a plurality of the fibers.
  • the ammonium phosphate solution consisted of 160g/l of diammonium phosphate and was sprayed onto the fibers at a rate of 200 ml/min. Melt pour rate was maintained at approximately 75 - 100 lb/hr. This was determined to be sufficient to provide a coating of 4.5 wt. % measured as P 2 0 5 on the fibers.
  • Needled fiber pads were prepared from this fiber and then tested at 1400°C for 24 hours for shrinkage. Two shrinkage tests were conducted. Certain test pads of these fibers exhibited a shrinkage of 2.5% in the first test. Other test pads comprising these same fibers exhibited a shrinkage of 2.6% in the second test. Viscosity
  • Magnesium-silicate fibers were produced by a fiber blowing process from a melt comprising from about 18 to about 27 weight percent magnesia and from about 70 to about
  • magnesium-silicate fiber samples which included a phosphate addition, measured as P2O5, generally exhibited excellent linear shrinkage values. Compression recovery and dissolution rate remained satisfactory.
  • the results for fiber composition examples containing high levels of alumina exhibit excellent linear shrinkage (less than 5.2%) and dissolution in physiological fluid. This is quite surprising given the fact that it is known in the thermal insulating fiber art that the inclusion of high levels of alumina, such as at a level of 1.5 weight percent or more, in an alkaline earth silicate fiber results in high linear shrinkage and lower solubility as compared to fibers having lower levels of alumina.
  • magnesium silicate fiber samples which were coated with a phosphorous containing compound, measured as P 2 0 5 generally exhibited excellent shrinkage values. Compression recovery and dissolution rate remained satisfactory.
  • the inorganic fiber of all embodiments may further include that the phosphorous containing compound as a component of the fiberization product, a coating on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the fiber, or combinations thereof.
  • the inorganic fiber of all embodiments may further include that the phosphorous containing compound component of the fiberization product or the phosphorous containing compound coating may comprise a phosphorous pentoxide bearing material.
  • the fiberization product and/or coating may comprise greater than 0 to about 10 weight percent of a phosphorous pentoxide bearing material, measured as P2O5, based on the total weight of the fiber.
  • the fiberization product and/or coating may comprise greater than 0 to about 5 weight percent, measured as P2O5, based on the total weight of the fiber.
  • the fiberization product and/or coating may comprise greater than 0 to about 1.5 weight percent of a phosphorous pentoxide bearing material, measured as P2O5, based on the total weight of the fiber.
  • the phosphorous containing compound may comprise at least one of ammonium phosphate or magnesium phosphate.
  • the phosphorous containing compound may comprise magnesium phosphate.
  • the inorganic fiber of all embodiments may further include that the coating may comprise a solution of a phosphorous containing compound.
  • the solution of a phosphorous containing compound may be derived from a precursor compound of phosphoric acid, a salt of phosphoric acid, or mixtures thereof.
  • the phosphoric acid may be selected from the group consisting of metaphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, superphosphoric acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • the salt of phosphoric acid may be selected from the group consisting of alkali metal phosphates, alkaline earth metal phosphates, ammonium phosphates, and mixtures thereof.
  • the salt of phosphoric acid may be selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphate, magnesium phosphate and mixtures thereof.
  • the salt of phosphoric acid may comprise magnesium phosphate.
  • the salt of phosphoric acid may comprise diammonium phosphate.
  • the inorganic fiber of all embodiments may further include that the fiber exhibits a linear shrinkage of less than 3.5 percent or less when exposed to 1260°C for 24 hours; a linear shrinkage of less than 5.0 percent or less when exposed to 1400°C for 24 hours; and/or a linear shrinkage of less than 2.5 percent or less when exposed to 1400°C for 24 hours.
  • the inorganic fiber of all embodiments may further include that the fiber has a solidification temperature of from about 1730°C to less than 1780°C.

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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une fibre inorganique contenant de la silice et de la magnésie, en tant que composants principaux de la fibre, la fibre contenant en outre un additif à base de phosphate qui est introduit dans la matière fondue formée par les ingrédients de la fibre ou qui recouvre les surfaces de la fibre, ou les deux. La fibre inorganique présente de meilleures propriétés en termes de performance thermique et est non durable dans les fluides physiologiques. L'invention concerne également des procédés de préparation de la fibre inorganique et d'isolement thermique d'articles au moyen d'un isolant thermique préparé à partir d'une pluralité des fibres inorganique.
EP12860154.9A 2011-12-19 2012-12-19 Fibre inorganique résistant aux températures élevées Ceased EP2794982A4 (fr)

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JP6386232B2 (ja) * 2014-02-10 2018-09-05 ニチアス株式会社 表面改質無機繊維及びその製造方法
AU2014400797A1 (en) * 2014-07-16 2017-02-02 Unifrax I Llc Inorganic fiber with improved shrinkage and strength
BR112020007143A2 (pt) 2017-10-10 2020-09-24 Unifrax I Llc fibra inorgânica com baixa biopersistência isenta de sílica cristalina

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JP6288460B2 (ja) 2018-03-07

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