EP2794116B1 - Electrode assembly and electrostatic atomiser having such an electrode assembly - Google Patents

Electrode assembly and electrostatic atomiser having such an electrode assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2794116B1
EP2794116B1 EP12809599.9A EP12809599A EP2794116B1 EP 2794116 B1 EP2794116 B1 EP 2794116B1 EP 12809599 A EP12809599 A EP 12809599A EP 2794116 B1 EP2794116 B1 EP 2794116B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
resistance
assembly according
electrode
carrier substrate
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EP12809599.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2794116A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Pfau
Jan Reichler
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Eisenmann SE
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Eisenmann SE
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrostatic atomizer, in particular an electrostatic atomizer.
  • Electrostatic sprayers are used, for example, in the automotive industry for coating articles such as vehicle bodies or body parts.
  • the coating material such as a paint
  • the coating material is thereby released by a dispenser and exposed to an electric field in which the dispensed coating material is ionized and transported due to electrostatic forces to the object, which is for this purpose, for example, at ground potential.
  • the dispenser In a rotary atomizer, the dispenser is designed as a rotating bell cup, from the smallest paint droplets are thrown off, so that forms a paint mist.
  • the ionization of the paint or the paint particles can be done in such atomizers by a so-called internal charging.
  • internal charging the paint passes inside the rotary atomizer on its way to the bell cup over a high-voltage inner electrode, wherein it receives electrical charges.
  • electrostatic atomizers with an electrode assembly of the type mentioned, which comprises at least one outer electrode the ionization of the paint or the paint particles is carried out by a so-called external charging.
  • a so-called external charging As a rule, a plurality of external electrodes are arranged around the bell cup, through which the intermediate air is ionized. The initially neutral paint particles are charged as they pass through the ionized air and in this way also ionized.
  • a rotary atomizer with external charging is for example from the DE 196 11 369 A1 or the DE 34 29 075 A1 known.
  • the resistance device serves as a damping resistor and prevents rapid changes in current. As a result, e.g. It can be prevented that undesirable flashovers from the outer electrodes to the object to be coated, when the high-rotation atomizer is unintentionally brought close to a grounded object zoom.
  • the resistance per outer electrode is usually between 100 MOhm and 150 MOhm at a high voltage potential of about 50 kV.
  • the resistance track is printed on the carrier substrate.
  • the carrier substrate is made of a ceramic material or a plastic material.
  • the resistance unit is arranged between the carrier substrate and a counter substrate such that a laminate structure is formed.
  • the carrier substrate is surrounded by the resistor unit of an electrically non-conductive shell.
  • the shell is formed from an electrically non-conductive plastic material, in particular a resin material.
  • a particularly effective ionization of coating material is achieved when multiple external electrodes are present.
  • each outer electrode When each outer electrode is electrically connected to each one electrode terminal of a single resistance unit, each outer electrode may be assigned an individual damping resistance.
  • connection conductor via which the contact terminals of all resistance units can be connected to a high voltage source.
  • the contact terminals of individual resistance units can each be connected separately to a high-voltage source or the contact terminals of at least two resistance units can be connected to a high-voltage source via a common connection conductor.
  • individual external electrodes or groups thereof can be subjected to different voltages with high voltage.
  • the electrode arrangement is particularly compact when the carrier substrate is plate-shaped and is arranged at an angle different from 0 ° to the main axis.
  • the angle is then 90 °.
  • the resistance path extends in a plane which is perpendicular to the main axis.
  • the main extension of the resistance unit thus goes in the direction perpendicular to the main axis.
  • an electrostatic atomizer of the type mentioned in that it comprises an electrode assembly with some or all of the above-mentioned features, as is apparent from the claims.
  • FIG. 1 is denoted by 10 altogether an electrostatically operating high-rotation atomizer, which can be coupled via a coupling portion 12 with the arm of a not-shown multi-axis application robot, as it is known in and of itself.
  • the high-rotation atomizer 10 comprises a head section 14, in which a bell plate is installed in a known manner, which rotates during the paint application at high speed and over which a paint mist is discharged.
  • the bell plate is FIG. 1 not to see for yourself.
  • the high-rotation atomizer 10 operates on the principle of the so-called external charging and for this purpose comprises an electrode assembly 16 which defines a main axis 18, which coincides in the present embodiment with the axis of rotation of the bell cup. An electric field is built up around the main axis 18.
  • the electrode assembly 16 includes a plurality of outer electrodes 20. These are formed in the present embodiment as a rod electrode 22, wherein six such rod electrodes 22 are arranged symmetrically to the main axis 18 around the bell cup around.
  • the rod electrodes 22 are connected via an electrical resistance device 24 to a pole of a high voltage source 26, which in FIG. 1 only schematically indicated.
  • the other pole of the high voltage source 26 is connected to an object to be coated, which must be electrically conductive and is thus placed at ground potential.
  • the rod electrodes 22 work as spray electrodes and ionize the paint particles emitted by the bell cup of the high-speed rotary atomizer 10, which then migrate to the object due to the existing electric field, which is coated thereby.
  • the stick electrodes 22 have needle-shaped tips, as it is known per se.
  • the resistance device 24 serves as a damping resistor and prevents rapid current changes.
  • the resistance device 24 is formed here particularly flat and arranged so that the axial extent of the rod electrodes 22 and thus the axial extent of the head portion 14 of the Hochrotationszerstäubers 10 is kept small in the direction of the main axis 18.
  • the resistance device 24 has its main extension in a main extension plane 28, each in the Figures 3 and 6 is illustrated and is at an angle on the main axis 18 of the electrode assembly 16. In the present embodiment, this angle is 90 °.
  • this includes e.g. in a first embodiment, a planar annular support substrate 30 having a corresponding annular support surface 32 which carries six resistor units 34, so that each rod electrode 22 can cooperate with a resistance unit 34.
  • Each resistance unit 34 comprises an electrode terminal 36, to which the resistance unit 34 is connected to a rod electrode 22, and a contact terminal 38, via which the resistance unit 34 can be connected to the high-voltage power source 26.
  • This resistance path 40 is printed in the present embodiment on the carrier substrate 30 and has a meandering course.
  • the size of the resistor depends on the length of the resistance path 40, so that the size of the resistor can be adjusted by a correspondingly twisted course, wherein the area of the support surface 32 of the carrier substrate 30 required for the resistance unit 34 does not change.
  • the specific course of a respective resistance path 40 can consequently be different and also differ in the case of two resistance units 34 of the same resistance device 24.
  • the carrier substrate 30 made of a ceramic material or a plastic material is.
  • the resistor units 34 are connected to a resistor assembly 42.
  • a common connecting conductor 44 is present, which connects the contact terminals 38 of all resistor units 34 with each other, so that via the connecting conductor 44, the contact terminals of all resistance units can be connected to the high voltage source 26.
  • a counter substrate 46 which is adapted in shape and dimension to the carrier substrate 30 and here also formed as a flat ring.
  • the resistor units 34 are arranged between the carrier substrate 30 and the counter substrate 46 such that a laminate structure 48 is formed.
  • This laminate structure 48 is surrounded by an electrically non-conductive shell 50, which may be formed, for example, from an electrically non-conductive plastic material such as a resin material.
  • an electrically non-conductive shell 50 which may be formed, for example, from an electrically non-conductive plastic material such as a resin material.
  • the counter substrate 46 and the shell 50 are in the FIGS. 1 . 2 . 4 and 5 for the sake of clarity not shown.
  • the resistance device 24 comprises a contact connection channel 52, which leads from the outside through the sheath 50 and the carrier substrate 30 to the connection conductor 44, so that it is accessible from the outside and can be connected to the high-voltage source 26.
  • the resistance device 24 comprises, for each electrode terminal 36 of the resistance units 34, an electrode connection channel 54, of which FIG FIG. 3 one is recognizable.
  • These electrode connection channels 54 each lead from the outside through the casing 50 and the counter substrate 46 to an associated electrode connection 36 of a resistance unit 34.
  • the resistance device 24 is housed in a ring housing 56 and arranged on the side remote from the rod electrodes 22 side of the head portion 14 of the high-rotation atomizer 10 and surrounds the there existing components inside.
  • FIG. 4 is shown as a second embodiment, a modified resistor assembly 42 '.
  • two contact terminals 38 of two adjacently arranged resistance units 34 are connected to each other via a respective common connection conductor 58, so that in each case two resistance units can be connected as a group to the high-voltage source 26.
  • the stick electrodes 22 can always be supplied as a pair with high voltage.
  • the thus formed resistance device 24 correspondingly three contact connection channels are present, via which the connecting conductor 58 are accessible from the outside, but in FIG. 4 are not recognizable.
  • FIG. 5 is shown as a third embodiment, a further modified resistor assembly 42 ''.
  • the contact terminals 38 of the resistor units 34 may each be separately connected to the high voltage source 26.
  • the thus formed resistance device 24 correspondingly six contact connection channels are present, via which the contact terminals 38 are directly accessible from the outside, but in FIG. 5 are not recognizable. To this Way, each rod electrode 22 can be supplied separately with high voltage.
  • FIG. 6 shows a resistance device 24 of a second type.
  • the carrier substrate 30 and the counter substrate 46 are not formed as a flat rings, but as a truncated cone, which are arranged coaxially with each other and receive the resistance units 34 between them.
  • the resistance device 24 after FIG. 6 illustrates that other designs using resistor tracks 40 are suitable for keeping the extent of the outer electrodes 20 in the direction of the main axis 18 smaller than was previously possible.
  • the resistance device 42 can also be designed as an exchange module.
  • a set is provided with a plurality of resistance means 42 whose resistance units 34 offer different resistances whose size depends on the length of the respective resistance path 40.
  • the resistance device 24 is designed to be adjustable so that its effective resistance or the resistance of individual resistance units 34 can be changed.
  • the resistance path 40 of a resistance unit 34 can be connected to the electrode connection 36 at different locations, so that the effective length of the resistance path 40 between the contact connection 38 and the electrode connection 36 can be set.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Elektrodenanordnung für einen elektrostatischen Zerstäuber, insbesondere für einen elektrostatischen Rotationszerstäuber, mit

  1. a) wenigstens einer Außenelektrode;
  2. b) einer elektrischen Widerstandseinrichtung, welche wenigstens eine Widerstandseinheit umfasst, die über einen Elektrodenanschluss mit der wenigstens einen Außenelektrode verbunden ist und über einen Kontaktanschluss mit einem Pol einer Hochspannungsquelle verbindbar ist;
wobei
  • c) die Elektrodenanordnung eine Hauptachse definiert, um welche herum ein elektrisches Feld aufgebaut wird.
The invention relates to an electrode arrangement for an electrostatic atomizer, in particular for an electrostatic atomizer, with
  1. a) at least one outer electrode;
  2. b) an electrical resistance device which comprises at least one resistance unit which is connected via an electrode connection to the at least one outer electrode and can be connected via a contact connection to a pole of a high-voltage source;
in which
  • c) the electrode assembly defines a major axis about which an electric field is built up.

Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung einen elektrostatischen Zerstäuber, insbesondere einen elektrostatischen Rotationszerstäuber.Moreover, the invention relates to an electrostatic atomizer, in particular an electrostatic atomizer.

Elektrostatische Zerstäuber werden zum Beispiel in der Automobilindustrie zum Beschichten von Gegenständen wie Fahrzeugkarosserien oder Karosserieteilen verwendet. Das Beschichtungsmaterial, z.B. ein Lack, wird dabei von einer Abgabeeinrichtung abgegeben und einem elektrischen Feld ausgesetzt, in welchem das abgegebene Beschichtungsmaterial ionisiert und auf Grund elektrostatischer Kräfte zu dem Gegenstand transportiert wird, welcher hierzu z.B. auf Massepotential liegt. Bei einem Rotationszerstäuber ist die Abgabeeinrichtung als rotierender Glockenteller ausgebildet, von dem kleinste Lacktröpfchen abgeschleudert werden, so dass sich ein Lacknebel ausbildet.Electrostatic sprayers are used, for example, in the automotive industry for coating articles such as vehicle bodies or body parts. The coating material, such as a paint, is thereby released by a dispenser and exposed to an electric field in which the dispensed coating material is ionized and transported due to electrostatic forces to the object, which is for this purpose, for example, at ground potential. In a rotary atomizer, the dispenser is designed as a rotating bell cup, from the smallest paint droplets are thrown off, so that forms a paint mist.

Die Ionisierung des Lacks oder der Lackpartikel kann bei solchen Zerstäubern durch eine so genannte Innenaufladung erfolgen. Bei der Innenaufladung läuft der Lack innerhalb des Rotationszerstäubers auf seinem Weg zum Glockenteller an einer Hochspannungs-Innenelektrode vorbei, wobei er elektrische Ladungen aufnimmt.The ionization of the paint or the paint particles can be done in such atomizers by a so-called internal charging. During internal charging, the paint passes inside the rotary atomizer on its way to the bell cup over a high-voltage inner electrode, wherein it receives electrical charges.

Bei elektrostatischen Zerstäubern mit einer Elektrodenanordnung der eingangs genannten Art, die wenigstens eine Außenelektrode umfasst, erfolgt die Ionisierung des Lacks oder der Lackpartikel durch eine so genannte Außenaufladung. In der Regel sind mehrere Außenelektroden um den Glockenteller herum angeordnet, durch welche die dazwischen liegende Luft ionisiert wird. Die zunächst neutralen Lackpartikel werden beim Passieren der ionisierten Luft aufgeladen und auf diese Weise ebenfalls ionisiert. Ein Rotationszerstäuber mit Außenaufladung ist beispielsweise aus der DE 196 11 369 A1 oder der DE 34 29 075 A1 bekannt.In electrostatic atomizers with an electrode assembly of the type mentioned, which comprises at least one outer electrode, the ionization of the paint or the paint particles is carried out by a so-called external charging. As a rule, a plurality of external electrodes are arranged around the bell cup, through which the intermediate air is ionized. The initially neutral paint particles are charged as they pass through the ionized air and in this way also ionized. A rotary atomizer with external charging is for example from the DE 196 11 369 A1 or the DE 34 29 075 A1 known.

Die Widerstandseinrichtung dient dabei als Dämpfungswiderstand und unterbindet schnelle Stromänderungen. Hierdurch kann z.B. verhindert werden, dass es zu unerwünschten Spannungsüberschlägen von den Außenelektroden zu dem zu beschichtenden Gegenstand kommt, wenn der Hochrotationszerstäuber unbeabsichtigt zu nahe an einen geerdeten Gegenstand heran geführt wird. Der Widerstand pro Außenelektrode beträgt dabei üblicherweise zwischen 100 MOhm und 150 MOhm bei einem Hochspannungspotential von etwa 50 kV.The resistance device serves as a damping resistor and prevents rapid changes in current. As a result, e.g. It can be prevented that undesirable flashovers from the outer electrodes to the object to be coated, when the high-rotation atomizer is unintentionally brought close to a grounded object zoom. The resistance per outer electrode is usually between 100 MOhm and 150 MOhm at a high voltage potential of about 50 kV.

Die Außenelektroden sind bei solchen Rotationszerstäubern mit Außenaufladung jedoch recht lang und ragen verhältnismäßig weit in Richtung der Hauptachse, die in der Regel mit der Rotationsachse des Glockentellers zusammenfällt, nach vorne ab. Hierdurch ist eine Verwendung des Rotationszerstäubers in bei räumlich engeren örtlichen Gegebenheiten häufig nur eingeschränkt möglich. Weitere herkömmliche elektrostatische Zerstäuber sind bekannt aus den Dokumenten US 2010/0229792 A1 und DE 10 2005 049 234 A1 . Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Elektrodenanordnung und einen Zerstäuber der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welche kompakter ausgebildet sein können.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Elektrodenanordnung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass

  • d) die Widerstandseinheit eine zwischen dem Elektrodenanschluss und dem Kontaktanschluss verlaufende Widerstandsbahn umfasst, die von einem Trägersubstrat getragen ist.
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass durch eine Modifikation der Widerstandseinrichtung die Außenelektroden kürzer ausgebildet werden können, so dass die Elektrodenanordnung und dadurch auch ein damit ausgestatteter Zerstäuber insbesondere in Richtung der Hauptachse kompakter ausgebildet werden kann.
Bei bekannten Hochrotationszerstäubern mit Außenaufladung sind die Widerstände in den Außenelektroden verbaut. Häufig sind in jeder Außenelektrode zwei Widerstände in Reihe geschaltet. Ein üblicher 50MOhm-Widerstand hat beispielsweise einen Durchmesser von 8 mm und eine Länge von etwa 60 mm. Zwei solche Widerstände in einer Außenelektrode erhöhen deren Länge somit um 120 mm.
Indem nun ein solcher Widerstand in Form einer Widerstandsbahn vorliegt, kann z.B. besonders viel Bauraum gespart werden, wenn die Widerstandsbahn senkrecht zur Hauptachse verläuft.The outer electrodes are in such rotary atomizers with external charging but quite long and protrude relatively far in the direction of the major axis, which usually with the axis of rotation of the bell plate coincides, from the front. As a result, use of the rotary atomizer in spatially narrower local conditions is often only possible to a limited extent. Other conventional electrostatic atomizers are known from the documents US 2010/0229792 A1 and DE 10 2005 049 234 A1 , It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an electrode assembly and an atomizer of the type mentioned, which can be made more compact.
This object is achieved in an electrode assembly of the type mentioned above in that
  • d) the resistance unit comprises a resistance path extending between the electrode terminal and the contact terminal carried by a support substrate.
The invention is based on the finding that the outer electrodes can be made shorter by a modification of the resistance device, so that the electrode arrangement and thereby also an atomizer equipped therewith can be made more compact, in particular in the direction of the main axis.
In known Hochrotationszerstäubern with external charging, the resistors are installed in the outer electrodes. Frequently, two resistors are connected in series in each outer electrode. For example, a typical 50 Mohm resistor has a diameter of 8 mm and a length of about 60 mm. Two such resistors in an outer electrode thus increase their length by 120 mm.
By now such a resistance in the form of a resistance path, for example, particularly much space can be saved if the resistance path is perpendicular to the main axis.

Es ist dabei besonders günstig, wenn die Widerstandsbahn auf das Trägersubstrat aufgedruckt ist.It is particularly advantageous if the resistance track is printed on the carrier substrate.

Um eine gute Isolation zu erzielen und Hochspannungsüberschläge über die Widerstandseinrichtung zu vermeiden, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Trägersubstrat aus einem Keramikmaterial oder einem Kunststoffmaterial ist.In order to achieve good insulation and to avoid high-voltage flashovers via the resistance device, it is advantageous if the carrier substrate is made of a ceramic material or a plastic material.

Dabei ist es besonderes günstig, wenn die Widerstandseinheit derart zwischen dem Trägersubstrat und einem Gegensubstrat angeordnet ist, dass eine Laminatstruktur ausgebildet ist.It is particularly favorable when the resistance unit is arranged between the carrier substrate and a counter substrate such that a laminate structure is formed.

Ergänzend ist es in diesem Zusammenhang vorteilhaft, wenn das Trägersubstrat zusammen mit der Widerstandseinheit von einer elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Hülle umgeben ist.In addition, it is advantageous in this context if the carrier substrate is surrounded by the resistor unit of an electrically non-conductive shell.

Noch besser ist es, wenn die Laminatstruktur insgesamt von einer elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Hülle umgeben ist.It is even better if the laminate structure as a whole is surrounded by an electrically non-conductive shell.

Vorteilhaft ist die Hülle dabei aus einem elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Kunststoffmaterial, insbesondere einem Harzmaterial, gebildet.Advantageously, the shell is formed from an electrically non-conductive plastic material, in particular a resin material.

Eine besonders effektive Ionisierung von Beschichtungsmaterial wird erreicht, wenn mehrere Außenelektroden vorhanden sind.A particularly effective ionization of coating material is achieved when multiple external electrodes are present.

In diesem Fall ist es günstig, wenn auch mehrere Widerstandseinheiten vorhanden sind.In this case, it is favorable if several resistance units are also present.

Wenn jede Außenelektrode elektrisch mit jeweils einem Elektrodenanschluss einer einzelnen Widerstandseinheit verbunden ist, kann jeder Außenelektrode ein individueller Dämpfungswiderstand zugeordnet werden.When each outer electrode is electrically connected to each one electrode terminal of a single resistance unit, each outer electrode may be assigned an individual damping resistance.

Es kann ein gemeinsamer Anschlussleiter vorhanden sein, über welchen die Kontaktanschlüsse aller Widerstandseinheiten mit einer Hochspannungsquelle verbindbar sind.There may be a common connection conductor, via which the contact terminals of all resistance units can be connected to a high voltage source.

Alternativ können die Kontaktanschlüsse einzelner Widerstandseinheiten jeweils separat mit einer Hochspannungsquelle verbindbar sein oder die Kontaktanschlüsse von wenigstens zwei Widerstandseinheiten über einen gemeinsamen Anschlussleiter mit einer Hochspannungsquelle verbindbar sein. So können einzelne Außenelektroden oder Gruppen davon unterschiedlich mit Hochspannung beaufschlagt werden.Alternatively, the contact terminals of individual resistance units can each be connected separately to a high-voltage source or the contact terminals of at least two resistance units can be connected to a high-voltage source via a common connection conductor. Thus, individual external electrodes or groups thereof can be subjected to different voltages with high voltage.

Die Elektrodenanordnung fällt besonders kompakt aus, wenn das Trägersubstrat plattenförmig ist und in einem von 0° verschiedenen Winkel zur Hauptachse angeordnet ist.The electrode arrangement is particularly compact when the carrier substrate is plate-shaped and is arranged at an angle different from 0 ° to the main axis.

Vorzugsweise beträgt der Winkel dann 90°. Dies bedeutet, dass die Widerstandsbahn sich in einer Ebene erstreckt, die senkrecht auf der Hauptachse steht. Die Haupterstreckung der Widerstandseinheit geht damit also in Richtung senkrecht zur Hauptachse.Preferably, the angle is then 90 °. This means that the resistance path extends in a plane which is perpendicular to the main axis. The main extension of the resistance unit thus goes in the direction perpendicular to the main axis.

Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird bei einem elektrostatischen Zerstäuber der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass dieser eine Elektrodenanordnung mit einigen oder allen der oben erläuterten Merkmale umfasst, wie es sich aus den Ansprüchen ergibt.The above object is achieved in an electrostatic atomizer of the type mentioned in that it comprises an electrode assembly with some or all of the above-mentioned features, as is apparent from the claims.

Nachfolgend werden nun Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In diesen zeigen:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Hochrotationszerstäubers mit einer Elektrodenanordnung, wobei das Gehäuse einer Widerstandseineinrichtung teilweise weggebrochen gezeigt ist;
Figur 2
eine Ansicht auf eine Widerstand-Baugruppe gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Widerstandseinrichtung nach einer ersten Bauart;
Figur 3
einen Schnitt der Widerstandseinrichtung mit der Widerstand-Baugruppe nach Figur 2 entlang der dortigen gewinkelten Schnittlinie III-III;
Figur 4
eine der Figur 2 entsprechende Ansicht auf eine Widerstand-Baugruppe gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Figur 5
eine den Figuren 2 und 4 entsprechende Ansicht auf eine Widerstandsbaugruppe gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Figur 6
einen der Figur 3 entsprechenden Schnitt einer abgewandelten Widerstandseinrichtung nach einer zweiten Bauart.
Embodiments of the invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In these show:
FIG. 1
a perspective view of a Hochrotationszerstäubers with an electrode assembly, wherein the housing of a Widerstandseineinrichtung partially is shown broken away;
FIG. 2
a view of a resistor assembly according to a first embodiment of a resistance device according to a first type;
FIG. 3
a section of the resistance device with the resistor assembly after FIG. 2 along the angled section line III-III;
FIG. 4
one of the FIG. 2 corresponding view of a resistor assembly according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 5
a the Figures 2 and 4 corresponding view of a resistor assembly according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 6
one of the FIG. 3 corresponding section of a modified resistance device according to a second type.

In Figur 1 ist mit 10 insgesamt ein elektrostatisch arbeitender Hochrotationszerstäuber bezeichnet, der über einen Koppelabschnitt 12 mit dem Arm eines nicht eigens gezeigten mehrachsigen Applikationsroboters gekoppelt werden kann, wie es an und für sich bekannt ist.In FIG. 1 is denoted by 10 altogether an electrostatically operating high-rotation atomizer, which can be coupled via a coupling portion 12 with the arm of a not-shown multi-axis application robot, as it is known in and of itself.

Mittels des Hochrotationszerstäubers 10 kann Lack auf einen nicht eigens gezeigten Gegenstand appliziert werden. Hierzu umfasst der Hochrotationszerstäuber 10 einen Kopfabschnitt 14, in dem in bekannter Art und Weise ein Glockenteller verbaut ist, der während der Lackapplikation mit hoher Drehzahl rotiert und über den ein Lacknebel abgegeben wird. Der Glockenteller ist Figur 1 selbst nicht zu sehen.By means of the high-rotation atomizer 10 lacquer can be applied to a not specifically shown item. For this purpose, the high-rotation atomizer 10 comprises a head section 14, in which a bell plate is installed in a known manner, which rotates during the paint application at high speed and over which a paint mist is discharged. The bell plate is FIG. 1 not to see for yourself.

Der Hochrotationszerstäuber 10 arbeitet nach dem Prinzip der so genannten Außenaufladung und umfasst hierzu eine Elektrodenanordnung 16, die eine Hauptachse 18 vorgibt, welche beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel mit der Rotationsachse des Glockentellers zusammenfällt. Um die Hauptachse 18 herum wird ein elektrisches Feld aufgebaut.The high-rotation atomizer 10 operates on the principle of the so-called external charging and for this purpose comprises an electrode assembly 16 which defines a main axis 18, which coincides in the present embodiment with the axis of rotation of the bell cup. An electric field is built up around the main axis 18.

Die Elektrodenanordnung 16 umfasst mehrere Außenelektroden 20. Diese sind beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel als Stabelektroden 22 ausgebildet, wobei sechs solcher Stabelektroden 22 symmetrisch zu der Hauptachse 18 um den Glockenteller herum angeordnet sind.The electrode assembly 16 includes a plurality of outer electrodes 20. These are formed in the present embodiment as a rod electrode 22, wherein six such rod electrodes 22 are arranged symmetrically to the main axis 18 around the bell cup around.

Die Stabelektroden 22 sind über eine elektrische Widerstandseinrichtung 24 mit einem Pol einer Hochspannungsquelle 26 verbunden, welche in Figur 1 nur schematisch angedeutet ist. Der andere Pol der Hochspannungsquelle 26 wird mit einem zu beschichtenden Gegenstand verbunden, der elektrisch leitfähig sein muss und so auf Massepotential gelegt wird.The rod electrodes 22 are connected via an electrical resistance device 24 to a pole of a high voltage source 26, which in FIG. 1 only schematically indicated. The other pole of the high voltage source 26 is connected to an object to be coated, which must be electrically conductive and is thus placed at ground potential.

Die Stabelektroden 22 arbeiten als Sprühelektroden und ionisieren die vom Glockenteller des Hochrotationszerstäubers 10 abgegebenen Lackpartikel, die dann auf Grund des vorhandenen elektrischen Feldes zum Gegenstand wandern, welcher hierdurch beschichtet wird. Hierzu haben die Stabelektroden 22 nadelförmige Spitzen, wie es an und für sich bekannt ist.The rod electrodes 22 work as spray electrodes and ionize the paint particles emitted by the bell cup of the high-speed rotary atomizer 10, which then migrate to the object due to the existing electric field, which is coated thereby. For this purpose, the stick electrodes 22 have needle-shaped tips, as it is known per se.

Wie eingangs erläutert, dient die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 als Dämpfungswiderstand und verhindert schnelle Stromänderungen. Die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 ist hier besonders flachbauend ausgebildet und so angeordnet, dass die axiale Erstreckung der Stabelektroden 22 und damit die axiale Erstreckung des Kopfabschnittes 14 des Hochrotationszerstäubers 10 in Richtung der Hauptachse 18 klein gehalten ist.As explained above, the resistance device 24 serves as a damping resistor and prevents rapid current changes. The resistance device 24 is formed here particularly flat and arranged so that the axial extent of the rod electrodes 22 and thus the axial extent of the head portion 14 of the Hochrotationszerstäubers 10 is kept small in the direction of the main axis 18.

Die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 hat ihre Haupterstreckung in einer Haupterstreckungsebene 28, die jeweils in den Figuren 3 und 6 veranschaulicht ist und in einem Winkel auf der Hauptachse 18 der Elektrodenanordnung 16 steht. Beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt dieser Winkel 90°.The resistance device 24 has its main extension in a main extension plane 28, each in the Figures 3 and 6 is illustrated and is at an angle on the main axis 18 of the electrode assembly 16. In the present embodiment, this angle is 90 °.

Um die gewünschte flache Bauart der Widerstandseinrichtung 24 zu erreichen, umfasst diese z.B. bei einer ersten Bauart ein ebenes ringförmiges Trägersubstrat 30 mit einer entsprechend ringförmigen Tragfläche 32, welches sechs Widerstandseinheiten 34 trägt, so dass jede Stabelektrode 22 mit einer Widerstandseinheit 34 zusammenarbeiten kann.In order to achieve the desired flat design of the resistance device 24, this includes e.g. in a first embodiment, a planar annular support substrate 30 having a corresponding annular support surface 32 which carries six resistor units 34, so that each rod electrode 22 can cooperate with a resistance unit 34.

Jede Widerstandseinheit 34 umfasst einen Elektrodenanschluss 36, mit dem die Widerstandseinheit 34 mit einer Stabelektrode 22 verbunden ist, und einen Kontaktanschluss 38, über welchen die Widerstandseinheit 34 mit der Hochspannungsquelle 26 verbunden werden kann.Each resistance unit 34 comprises an electrode terminal 36, to which the resistance unit 34 is connected to a rod electrode 22, and a contact terminal 38, via which the resistance unit 34 can be connected to the high-voltage power source 26.

Zwischen dem Elektrodenanschluss 36 und dem Kontaktanschluss 38 verläuft eine Widerstandsbahn 40. Diese Widerstandsbahn 40 ist beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel auf das Trägersubstrat 30 aufgedruckt und hat einen mäanderförmigen Verlauf. Die Größe des Widerstands hängt von der Länge der Widerstandsbahn 40 ab, so dass die Größe des Widerstandes durch einen entsprechend verwundenen Verlauf eingestellt werden kann, wobei sich der für die Widerstandseinheit 34 benötigte Bereich der Tragfläche 32 des Trägersubstrats 30 nicht ändert. Der konkrete Verlauf einer jeweiligen Widerstandsbahn 40 kann folglich unterschiedlich sein und sich auch bei zwei Widerstandseinheiten 34 derselben Widerstandseinrichtung 24 unterscheiden.Between the electrode terminal 36 and the contact terminal 38 extends a resistance path 40. This resistance path 40 is printed in the present embodiment on the carrier substrate 30 and has a meandering course. The size of the resistor depends on the length of the resistance path 40, so that the size of the resistor can be adjusted by a correspondingly twisted course, wherein the area of the support surface 32 of the carrier substrate 30 required for the resistance unit 34 does not change. The specific course of a respective resistance path 40 can consequently be different and also differ in the case of two resistance units 34 of the same resistance device 24.

In der Praxis hat es sich bewährt, wenn das Trägersubstrat 30 aus einem Keramikmaterial oder einem Kunststoffmaterial ist.In practice, it has proven useful if the carrier substrate 30 made of a ceramic material or a plastic material is.

Die Widerstandseinheiten 34 sind zu einer Widerstand-Baugruppe 42 verschaltet. Hierzu ist ein gemeinsamer Anschlussleiter 44 vorhanden, welcher die Kontaktanschlüsse 38 aller Widerstandseinheiten 34 miteinander verbindet, so dass über den Anschlussleiter 44 die Kontaktanschlüsse aller Widerstandseinheiten mit der Hochspannungsquelle 26 verbunden werden können.The resistor units 34 are connected to a resistor assembly 42. For this purpose, a common connecting conductor 44 is present, which connects the contact terminals 38 of all resistor units 34 with each other, so that via the connecting conductor 44, the contact terminals of all resistance units can be connected to the high voltage source 26.

Wie in Figur 3 zu erkennen ist, befindet sich auf der von dem Trägersubstrat 30 abliegenden Seite der Widerstandseinheiten 34 ein Gegensubstrat 46, welche in Form und Dimension an das Trägersubstrat 30 angepasst ist und hier entsprechend ebenfalls als ebener Ring ausgebildet ist. Die Widerstandseinheiten 34 sind derart zwischen dem Trägersubstrat 30 und dem Gegensubstrat 46 angeordnet, dass eine Laminatstruktur 48 ausgebildet ist.As in FIG. 3 can be seen, is located on the side remote from the carrier substrate 30 side of the resistor units 34, a counter substrate 46, which is adapted in shape and dimension to the carrier substrate 30 and here also formed as a flat ring. The resistor units 34 are arranged between the carrier substrate 30 and the counter substrate 46 such that a laminate structure 48 is formed.

Diese Laminatstruktur 48 ist von einer elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Hülle 50 umgeben, die beispielsweise aus einem elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Kunststoffmaterial wie z.B. einem Harzmaterial gebildet sein kann. Bei einer Abwandlung kann auch auf das Gegensubstrat 46 verzichtet werden, wobei dann das Trägersubstrat 30 mit den Widerstandseinheiten 34 von der elektrisch nicht leitfähigen Hülle 50 umgeben sind. Das Gegensubstrat 46 und die Hülle 50 sind in den Figuren 1, 2, 4 und 5 der Übersichtlichkeit halber nicht gezeigt.This laminate structure 48 is surrounded by an electrically non-conductive shell 50, which may be formed, for example, from an electrically non-conductive plastic material such as a resin material. In a modification, it is also possible to dispense with the counter substrate 46, in which case the carrier substrate 30 with the resistor units 34 is surrounded by the electrically nonconductive casing 50. The counter substrate 46 and the shell 50 are in the FIGS. 1 . 2 . 4 and 5 for the sake of clarity not shown.

Die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 umfasst einen Kontaktanschlusskanal 52, welcher von außen durch die Hülle 50 und das Trägersubstrat 30 hindurch zu dem Anschlussleiter 44 führt, so dass dieser von außen zugänglich ist und mit der Hochspannungsquelle 26 verbunden werden kann.The resistance device 24 comprises a contact connection channel 52, which leads from the outside through the sheath 50 and the carrier substrate 30 to the connection conductor 44, so that it is accessible from the outside and can be connected to the high-voltage source 26.

In entsprechender Weise umfasst die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 für jeden Elektrodenanschluss 36 der Widerstandseinheiten 34 einen Elektrodenanschlusskanal 54, von denen in Figur 3 einer zu erkennen ist. Diese Elektrodenanschlusskanäle 54 führen jeweils von außen durch die Hülle 50 und das Gegensubstrat 46 hindurch zu einem zugehörigen Elektrodenanschluss 36 einer Widerstandseinheit 34.Correspondingly, the resistance device 24 comprises, for each electrode terminal 36 of the resistance units 34, an electrode connection channel 54, of which FIG FIG. 3 one is recognizable. These electrode connection channels 54 each lead from the outside through the casing 50 and the counter substrate 46 to an associated electrode connection 36 of a resistance unit 34.

Die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 ist in einem Ringgehäuse 56 untergebracht und auf der von den Stabelektroden 22 abliegenden Seite des Kopfabschnittes 14 des Hochrotationszerstäubers 10 angeordnet und umgibt dessen dort im Inneren vorhandene Komponenten.The resistance device 24 is housed in a ring housing 56 and arranged on the side remote from the rod electrodes 22 side of the head portion 14 of the high-rotation atomizer 10 and surrounds the there existing components inside.

In Figur 4 ist als zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eine abgewandelte Widerstand-Baugruppe 42' gezeigt. Dort sind jeweils zwei Kontaktanschlüsse 38 zweier benachbart angeordneter Widerstandseinheiten 34 über jeweils einen gemeinsamen Anschlussleiter 58 miteinander verbunden, so dass jeweils zwei Widerstandseinheiten als Gruppe mit der Hochspannungsquelle 26 verbunden werden können. So können die Stabelektroden 22 immer als Paar mit Hochspannung versorgt werden. Bei der so gebildeten Widerstandseinrichtung 24 sind entsprechend drei Kontaktanschlusskanäle vorhanden, über welche die Anschlussleiter 58 von außen zugänglich sind, die jedoch in Figur 4 nicht zu erkennen sind.In FIG. 4 is shown as a second embodiment, a modified resistor assembly 42 '. There, two contact terminals 38 of two adjacently arranged resistance units 34 are connected to each other via a respective common connection conductor 58, so that in each case two resistance units can be connected as a group to the high-voltage source 26. Thus, the stick electrodes 22 can always be supplied as a pair with high voltage. In the thus formed resistance device 24 correspondingly three contact connection channels are present, via which the connecting conductor 58 are accessible from the outside, but in FIG. 4 are not recognizable.

In Figur 5 ist als drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eine nochmals abgewandelte Widerstand-Baugruppe 42'' gezeigt. Dort können die Kontaktanschlüsse 38 der Widerstandseinheiten 34 jeweils separat mit der Hochspannungsquelle 26 verbunden werden. Hierzu sind bei der so gebildeten Widerstandseinrichtung 24 entsprechend sechs Kontaktanschlusskanäle vorhanden, über welche die Kontaktanschlüsse 38 direkt von außen zugänglich sind, die jedoch in Figur 5 nicht zu erkennen sind. Auf diese Weise kann jede Stabelektrode 22 separat mit Hochspannung versorgt werden.In FIG. 5 is shown as a third embodiment, a further modified resistor assembly 42 ''. There, the contact terminals 38 of the resistor units 34 may each be separately connected to the high voltage source 26. For this purpose, in the thus formed resistance device 24 correspondingly six contact connection channels are present, via which the contact terminals 38 are directly accessible from the outside, but in FIG. 5 are not recognizable. To this Way, each rod electrode 22 can be supplied separately with high voltage.

Figur 6 zeigt eine Widerstandseinrichtung 24 einer zweiten Bauart. Dort sind das Trägersubstrat 30 und das Gegensubstrat 46 nicht als ebene Ringe ausgebildet, sondern als Kegelstumpfringe, die koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind und zwischen sich die Widerstandseinheiten 34 aufnehmen. FIG. 6 shows a resistance device 24 of a second type. There, the carrier substrate 30 and the counter substrate 46 are not formed as a flat rings, but as a truncated cone, which are arranged coaxially with each other and receive the resistance units 34 between them.

Die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 nach Figur 6 veranschaulicht, dass auch andere Ausbildungen unter Verwendung von Widerstandsbahnen 40 dazu geeignet sind, die Erstreckung der Außenelektroden 20 in Richtung der Hauptachse 18 kleiner zu halten, als dies bislang möglich war.The resistance device 24 after FIG. 6 illustrates that other designs using resistor tracks 40 are suitable for keeping the extent of the outer electrodes 20 in the direction of the main axis 18 smaller than was previously possible.

Die Widerstandseinrichtung 42 kann auch als Austauschmodul konzipiert sein. In diesem Fall wird ein Satz mit mehreren Widerstandseinrichtungen 42 zur Verfügung gestellt, deren Widerstandseinheiten 34 unterschiedliche Widerstände bieten, deren Größe von der Länge der jeweiligen Widerstandsbahn 40 abhängt.The resistance device 42 can also be designed as an exchange module. In this case, a set is provided with a plurality of resistance means 42 whose resistance units 34 offer different resistances whose size depends on the length of the respective resistance path 40.

Bei einer nicht eigens gezeigten Abwandlung ist die Widerstandseinrichtung 24 einstellbar ausgebildet, so dass deren Wirkwiderstand oder der Wirkwiderstand einzelner Widerstandseinheiten 34 geändert werden kann. Hierzu kann beispielsweise die Widerstandsbahn 40 einer Widerstandseinheit 34 an verschiedenen Stellen mit dem Elektrodenanschluss 36 verbunden werden, so dass die wirksame Länge der Widerstandsbahn 40 zwischen dem Kontaktanschluss 38 und dem Elektrodenanschluss 36 eingestellt werden kann.In a modification not specifically shown, the resistance device 24 is designed to be adjustable so that its effective resistance or the resistance of individual resistance units 34 can be changed. For this purpose, for example, the resistance path 40 of a resistance unit 34 can be connected to the electrode connection 36 at different locations, so that the effective length of the resistance path 40 between the contact connection 38 and the electrode connection 36 can be set.

Claims (15)

  1. Electrode assembly for an electrostatic atomiser, in particular for an electrostatic rotary atomiser, having
    a) at least one external electrode (20);
    b) an electrical resistance device (24) comprising at least one resistance unit (34) which is connected via an electrode terminal (36) to the at least one external electrode (20) and can be connected via a contact terminal (38) to a pole of a high-voltage source (26);
    wherein
    c) the electrode assembly defines a main axis (18) around which an electric field is created,
    characterised in that
    d) the resistance unit (34) comprises a resistance track (40), which runs between the electrode terminal (36) and the contact terminal (38) and is carried by a carrier substrate (30).
  2. Electrode assembly according to claim 1, characterised in that the resistance track (40) is printed onto the carrier substrate (30).
  3. Electrode assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the carrier substrate (30) is made of a ceramic material or a plastic material.
  4. Electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the resistance unit (34) is arranged between the carrier substrate (30) and a counter-substrate (46) such that a laminate structure (48) is formed.
  5. Electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the carrier substrate (30) together with the resistance unit (34) is enclosed by an electrically non-conductive sleeve (50).
  6. Electrode assembly according to claim 4, characterised in that the laminate structure (48) is enclosed by an electrically non-conductive sleeve (50).
  7. Electrode assembly according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the sleeve (50) is formed from an electrically non-conductive plastic material, in particular a resin material.
  8. Electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a plurality of external electrodes (20) is provided.
  9. Electrode assembly according to claim 8, characterised in that a plurality of resistance units (34) is provided.
  10. Electrode assembly according to claim 9, characterised in that each external electrode (20) is electrically connected to an electrode terminal (36) of an individual resistance unit (34).
  11. Electrode assembly according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that a common terminal lead (44) is provided, via which the contact terminals (38) of all the resistance units (34) can be connected to a high-voltage source (26).
  12. Electrode assembly according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the contact terminals (38) of individual resistance units (34) can each be connected separately to a high-voltage source, or the contact terminals (38) of at least two resistance units (34) can be connected via a common terminal lead (58) to a high-voltage source (26).
  13. Electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the carrier substrate (30) is sheet-shaped and is arranged at an angle other than 0° to the main axis (18).
  14. Electrode assembly according to claim 13, characterised in that the angle is 90°.
  15. Electrostatic atomiser, in particular electrostatic rotary atomiser, having an electrode assembly (16) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
EP12809599.9A 2011-12-22 2012-12-12 Electrode assembly and electrostatic atomiser having such an electrode assembly Active EP2794116B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011121915A DE102011121915A1 (en) 2011-12-22 2011-12-22 Electrode assembly and electrostatic atomizer with such
PCT/EP2012/005116 WO2013091794A1 (en) 2011-12-22 2012-12-12 Electrode assembly and electrostatic atomizer having such an electrode assembly

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EP2794116A1 EP2794116A1 (en) 2014-10-29
EP2794116B1 true EP2794116B1 (en) 2018-05-09

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EP (1) EP2794116B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102011121915A1 (en)
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DE3429075A1 (en) 1984-08-07 1986-02-20 Hermann Behr & Sohn Gmbh & Co, 7121 Ingersheim Device for the electrostatic coating of articles
US4887770A (en) * 1986-04-18 1989-12-19 Nordson Corporation Electrostatic rotary atomizing liquid spray coating apparatus
DE4027078A1 (en) * 1990-08-27 1992-03-05 Wagner Int ELECTROSTATIC SPRAY GUN
JP2830683B2 (en) * 1992-09-11 1998-12-02 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Rotary atomizing electrostatic coating equipment
DE19611369A1 (en) 1996-03-22 1997-09-25 Duerr Gmbh & Co Rotary atomizer for electrostatically assisted coating of objects with paints or varnishes
US5947377A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-09-07 Nordson Corporation Electrostatic rotary atomizing spray device with improved atomizer cup
DE69827611T2 (en) * 1998-01-13 2005-11-03 Abb K.K. COATING DEVICE WITH A TURNING SPRAY HEAD
DE10202711A1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-31 Duerr Systems Gmbh Sprayer unit for electrostatic serial coating of workpieces comprises an electrode array integrated into the ring section of insulating material on the outer housing of the unit
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DE102011121915A1 (en) 2013-06-27
WO2013091794A1 (en) 2013-06-27
US20140306035A1 (en) 2014-10-16
EP2794116A1 (en) 2014-10-29

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