EP2792808A1 - Roof cover or wall cladding element with wind suction protection, roof covering or wall cladding, method for placing and the preparation of roof cover or wall cladding elements - Google Patents

Abstract

Fastening system for securing wind suction or fixing roofing or wall cladding elements (1) to a roof or wall substructure (4).

Description

The invention relates generally to a fastening system for wind suction protection or attachment of roofing or wall cladding elements to a roof or wall substructure and specifically relates to roofing or wall cladding elements, especially roof tiles, roof tiles, roofing or wall panels, shingles or conglomerates, for overlapping laying with others Roofing or wallcovering elements, a roofing or wall covering made at least in part with such roofing or wallcovering elements, a method of laying roofing or wall covering elements for making a roofing or wall covering, and a method of making a roofing or wallcovering element.

Roofing elements of the aforementioned type, to which the invention relates, ie tiles or roof tiles (usually made of concrete or cementitious material), roof tiles (usually made of ceramic material) or shingles (for example, metal or wood or natural stone such as slate), small-sized roofing elements made of metal or plastic or natural stone (slate) and / or associated moldings and moldings are known in various forms. Such roofing elements are laid partially overlapping with other identical or similar roofing elements on roofs of buildings and thus form a roofing. The laying can be done in a bandage or not in a bandage.

Depending on the location of the building, the building height, the construction of the building and the roof form, as well as the decking and the geographical building location, a wind suction protection or storm protection is required Roofing sensible, required or, depending on different wind zones, even mandatory building.

So far, the wind suction was done by so-called storm clips, which are hung on the one hand in the battens of a roof substructure and on the other hand hooked into a side fold of the roofing elements. Alternatively, roofing elements are also secured by such storm clips, which are suspended in the side or top rabbets of the roofing element and hammered into the battens of the roof substructure.

In order to achieve a demand-oriented wind suction protection or storm protection, in the case of a roof covering, for example, every single, every second or every third roof covering element is to be fastened with such a storm clamp. Regardless of any required wind suction securing the surface roofing elements is usually every roof and stone to roof edges mechanically secure and secure. This is especially true for stones on the verge, ridge, ridge and desk.

A disadvantage of the wind suction protection of roofing elements in the known manner with storm clips is that the laying is complex because regularly two workers are required for the installation: one for attaching the roofing elements and a second for attaching the storm clips.

In addition, it is increasingly common that on existing roofs a photovoltaic or solar thermal system retrofitted or broken rooftop inspections broken roofing must be replaced. Are these roofing elements but secured in the known manner by storm clips for hanging or for driving into the roof substructure, a subsequent release of this connection is experience very difficult, in some cases the so-secured roofing elements must be smashed to the Clasp to solve.

Clamps for attachment of roofing elements are for example in the DE 3509077 A1 and in the DE 20 2008 015 113 U1 described. These brackets represent a modification of the storm clips described for hanging or for driving into the roof substructure and are all based on various mechanical form-fitting connections between roofing element and roof substructure.

Also known are wallcoverings that are mounted with similarly shaped elements as in roofing in appropriate installation in the association or not in association but usually also with partial overlap between elements of adjacent rows of wall substructures. Again, the present invention relates because there is a mechanical attachment of the elements to a substructure is required and the problems described above in subsequent conversions or the replacement of individual elements occur.

From the EP 2363547 A1 is also a pitched roof covering system for a storm-proof attachment known in which flexible hook and loop tape are loosely attached hanging down on the underside of roofing elements, and the Velcro led after laying the roofing elements on the roof battens in each case in roof roofing direction below adjacent roof batten and this be releasably secured with a fastened to the underside of the roof batten matching Velcro. In this system, the loosely hanging Velcro strips can be easily damaged or torn off. In addition, the Velcro strips must generally be designed as a precautionary long and then cut off, possibly at the cost of waste and additional work, or they may be too short and the wind suction can not be made. Finally, it is also very difficult and labor-intensive, the Velcro elements on site at the site or on the roof at the bottom of the roof battens to install. An attachment to the battens in advance on the ground is also impractical because they can be easily polluted or damaged, because it is unpredictable where the Velcro fastener is needed so that Velcro fasteners must be provided virtually on the entire bottom, and because the Availability of the roof battens in particular the mounting position on the rafters must then be observed exactly.

The object of the invention is to provide a roofing or wall cladding element that eliminates at least some of the above disadvantages, especially when first laying in a roofing or wallcovering is easy to install, easy to dismantle in subsequent changes and provides a reliable wind suction or storm protection ,

According to the invention, a roofing or wall cladding element according to claim 1 is proposed as a solution to this problem. Preferred embodiments of the roofing or wall cladding element are given in the dependent claims.

Furthermore, the invention also relates to a roofing or wall covering according to claim 13, a method for laying roofing or wall cladding elements to form a roof covering or wall cladding according to claim 14 and a method for producing a roofing or wall cladding element according to claim 15.

For the purpose of simplifying terminology, reference will now be made only to roof covering elements, but the explanations always apply correspondingly to wall cladding elements as well.

The roof covering element according to the invention is essentially characterized in that a Velcro fastener is disposed on the roofing element and secured, preferably flat, that it can also cooperate with a to be attached in an overlap area underlying roofing element or a roof substructure complementary fastener with a matching hook and loop fastener to the roofing element by producing a reversibly releasable mechanical Velcro between To secure these two elements to the underlying roofing element or the roof substructure.

The roofing elements according to the invention have the advantage that they are easy to install by a single person, because the roofing elements are laid only in a conventional manner on the roof substructure and the fasteners, which are preferably approximately C-shaped brackets, on the one hand to the roof substructure and on the other hand pushed onto the top of the respective roofing element. This assembly process is much easier and faster to accomplish than the hanging and wrapping previous wind suction.

The above laid roofing elements are then placed partially overlapping only on each of the underlying fasteners, wherein the orientation of the Velcro fasteners on the roofing elements and the fasteners mechanical interaction occurs and the mechanical hooking the respective overlying roofing element attached to the fastener and it over the Securing fastener to the underlying roofing element or the roof substructure ensures.

In particular, with subsequent changes to the laid roof covering, for example for the installation of photovoltaic systems or other installations in the roof, the affected roofing elements can easily in the Level of the roof skin are moved up and the force required for this is only the one that is necessary to overcome the friction between the fastener and the roof substructure or the underlying roofing element, because the fastener remains connected via the Velcro connection with the roof covering element to be moved.

Alternatively, the mechanical holding force of the Velcro connection would have to be overcome if the

Roofing element without the fastener to be removed.

The particular advantage results in particular in small-format, overlapping laid roofing elements, in which the cost of attaching conventional wind suction is relatively high.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the Velcro fasteners in the outdoor area is the one after the mushroom-head mushroom Velcro principle, since only one type Velcro fastener is needed here. These fasteners have a defined pressure point, which is particularly helpful in mounting on the roof to ensure the connection, and they can be loaded with tensile and shear forces.

Another particularly advantageous embodiment are Velcro fastener according to the barb-loop Velcro principle, here in particular those that are made of metal or plastic, because they are durable, have a high adhesion and a very high resistance to thermal and chemical influences. Such connecting elements are known, for example, under the name "Metaklett" connector.

• Fig. 1a eine Draufsicht auf eine nicht im Verband verlegte Anordnung von erfindungsgemäßen Dacheindeckungselementen,
• Fig. 1b eine Draufsicht auf eine im Verband verlegte Anordnung von erfindungsgemäßen Dacheindeckungselementen,
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht im Schnitt entlang der Linie I-I von Fig. 1a und 1b,
• Fig. 3 eine Modifikation der Ausführungsform von Fig. 2 in Seitenansicht mit einem abgewandelten Befestigungselement, und
• Fig. 4 eine weitere Modifikation der Ausführungsform von Fig. 2 in Seitenansicht mit einem abgewandelten Befestigungselement in zwei Varianten.

In the following the invention by way of an embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings is exemplified. Show:

• Fig. 1a a plan view of an unlocated arrangement of inventive Roofing elements,
• Fig. 1b a top view of an association laid arrangement of roofing elements according to the invention,
• Fig. 2 a side view in section along the line II of Fig. 1a and 1b .
• Fig. 3 a modification of the embodiment of Fig. 2 in side view with a modified fastener, and
• Fig. 4 a further modification of the embodiment of Fig. 2 in side view with a modified fastener in two variants.

The in the FIGS. 1a and 1b schematically illustrated arrangements of roofing elements 1 include the present invention provided with the Velcro fasteners 2 roofing elements at every second location in a row. Alternatively, any roofing element or any elements within such an arrangement may be provided with the hook and loop fasteners. The complementary to the respective roof covering elements 1 with hook and loop fastener 2 fasteners in the form of a side view approximately C-shaped bracket, which are also provided with the hook and loop fastener are designated 3 and described in detail below and in the FIGS. 2 and 3 shown in two variants. The roof substructure is shown in the form of slats 4. Shown and described here is only the embodiment in which the Velcro fastener 2 attached to the roof covering element 1 and the complementary Velcro fastener is provided on the fastener or is formed by this itself, for example by the barbs are integrally formed or uniform material.

The hook-and-loop fasteners often include an element that has barbs and a cooperating element that has loops, for example in the form of a suede belt Velcro tape, a felt belt, which also includes metallic knitted fabric or stamped and formed of sheet metal relatively rigid loops of any shape. The element with the loops is preferably attached flat to the roofing element, because it is usually shallower and less applied. The barbed element is then attached to the fastener or integrally formed thereon, which is relatively easy and inexpensive to implement there with metal and plastic materials. The arrangement of the hook and loop fasteners but can also be reversed according to the invention. In this case, the barbed element is, for example, a metal or plastic part fastened to or integrated into the roofing element, while the looped element is fastened to the fastening element, eg the clamp, or also integrally formed thereon.

The respective hook and loop fastener element 2 can be positively and / or non-positively connected to the roof covering element. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the hook and loop fastener is attached to the underside of the roofing element 1 by gluing, in particular with a two-component adhesive, but can also be integrally molded or mechanically fixed in this during the production of the respective roofing element.

The shape of the Velcro fasteners is arbitrary per se - the size or area is usually determined by the required holding forces.

The fastening element 3 is preferably a clip, preferably a metal clip, for example made of galvanized steel or stainless steel. The fastening element or the fastening clip can also be made essentially of plastic, for example a recycled plastic material, and the hook-and-loop fastener element can, as already described, be integrated integrally into the clip or in another way (eg by molding and / or non-positive connection, by gluing or mechanical fasteners) be attached.

The mounting bracket 3 usually has a C-shape, the first leg 3b is to be attached to the roof substructure, such as a crossbar 4, and engages the second leg 3a in the installed state at the edge of the roofing element and a part of the top thereof engages over, as in Fig.2 is shown. The position is selected such that the clip or at least the portion acting as a hook-and-loop fastener element is aligned with the position of the hook and loop fastener element 2 on the underside of the overlapping roof covering element to achieve maximum mechanical holding force therebetween.

The mounting bracket may alternatively be designed so that it only acts on the roof covering element and not on the roof substructure. This variant is in Fig. 3 shown. In this case, the essential function is that one leg 3a of the clip engages over the upper portion of the roofing element and there arranges the hook and loop fastener at the desired position and the other leg 3b engages around the edge of the roofing element, so that the clip is only on the roof covering element is attached. In this variant, the overlapping laid roofing elements are fastened to each other via the reversibly releasable mechanical holding force of the hook and loop fasteners. A wind suction is done so far by the mass of the composite. Depending on the application, a use of both types of mounting brackets within a roofing is possible.

In addition, the described and illustrated mounting brackets represent only a basic form of suitable brackets. Further modifications are possible, provided that the function of the invention is ensured.

Another modification of the mounting bracket is in the upper part of the Fig. 1a indicated in the form of the clip 5 and it consists in that the clip 5 is made wider at least in the region of the leg lying on the upper side of the roofing elements and overlaps a plurality of roofing elements. The Velcro connection element can be provided here continuously or in regions.

In an in Fig. 4 schematically in again shown in two variations variant of the clip 6.9, this may have one of the first and second legs 6a, 6b, 9a, 9b remote section 6c, 9c, which has a mounting surface 6e, 9e, where the hook and loop fastener 2 is provided and, as in the presentation of FIG. 4 seen from the side, is raised above a defined by the first leg 6a, 9a level. To this end, the stepped portion 6c, 9c extends integrally from the second leg 6b, 9b first up to a trailing edge of a roofing member to which the bracket is to be attached, and then obliquely upward from the trailing edge. The stepped portion 6c, 9c then extends back to the first leg 6a, 9a, thereby forming the mounting surface 6e, 9e, which is increased relative to the plane of the first leg 6a, 9a by one step. The offset portion 6c, 9c can compensate for formations and height differences between the top and bottom of superimposed roofing elements, possibly taking into account the thickness of the hook and loop fasteners 2. In addition, the stepped portion 6c, 9c may be configured to be elastically resilient overall due to its shape, so that it is elastically deformed when a roofing member is applied, thereby damping shock and, due to the elasticity, helping to securely engage and hold the hook and loop fasteners , In addition, it is possible to hold the bracket on the stepped portion 6c, 9c by hand, when the connected via the Velcro connection roofing element is to be lifted. This facilitates disassembly and the deformation of the clip and / or a Damage to the roofing element avoided.

In a further embodiment illustrated with reference to the clip 6, the first leg 6a of the clip 6 is designed such that, when installed, it protrudes from the overlapping area of overlapping roofing elements 1 and projects upwardly above the top of the roofing element on which it rests 6d, which serves as a snow stopper. This projection may be integrally formed on the leg 6a by turning it, for example, when it is formed of a flat, strip-like band, into a triangle. Alternatively, however, the projection may also be attached as a separate element to the leg, for example by a mechanical connection such as screws, rivets or the like or by soldering, welding, gluing or corresponding connection techniques. The height of the projection 6d is, for example, about 5-10 cm, wherein both the height and the shape are arbitrary, provided the function is guaranteed as a snow stopper.

The length of the leg 6a or the position of the protrusion serving as a snowstop is preferably selected such that the pressure point lies above the roof battens 4 in order to prevent damage to the roofing elements by a load. Since snowstoppers are not required at all positions of brackets, different types of brackets can be used for roofing.

In another embodiment (not shown), the hook-and-loop fastener element is designed as a flat textile, plastic or metal strip. This design has the advantage that the tape can be easily attached to the underside of the roofing element or the top of the mounting bracket surface and only slightly higher in height. In this embodiment, previous roofing elements with a predetermined profile can be maintained essentially unchanged and for be retrofitted roofing element according to the invention. Due to the low height, this variant is particularly suitable for flat and small-sized elements such as roof and wall panels, shingles and slabs of metal.

The term "hook-and-loop fastener" as used in this specification is intended to denote both elements of a hook-and-loop fastener which, as described above, are different or, e.g. in the case of the "mushroom head principle", may also be identical but in any case complementary for the purpose of producing the reversibly releasable mechanical engagement connection.

According to the invention, a roof covering element produced in a conventional manner and shape or profile, for example a roof tile or a roof tile or a roof tile or molded brick, can subsequently be provided with a hook-and-loop fastener element. For this purpose, it may be necessary on the back of the roofing element at the desired location, which overlaps in the installed state with an underlying roof covering element of the same kind, a partial area, for example, on a toe, ablate to provide an installation taking into account the height of the hook and loop fastener. Partial depressions can also be formed in the usual forms of roofing elements very easily at a defined location. The hook and loop fasteners are then glued into the predefined recessed area as desired using an adhesive, preferably a two-component epoxy adhesive. Of course, these processes can also be completely or partially automated.

The respective attachment surfaces for the hook and loop fasteners on the roofing elements need not be flat but may also be curved or jagged or serrated. If the fasteners then have a complementary curved mounting surface, an additional positive connection to the achieved reversibly releasable mechanical connection of the Velcro fasteners.

If possible, the connection of the hook and loop fastener element with the respective roofing element already in the context of the production of the roofing element from the respective starting material, so e.g. Clay, concrete, fiber cement, plastic and the like can be achieved. For elements made of natural stone such as slate, metal or wood or otherwise prefabricated (e.g., fired elements) u.U. a subsequent attachment to. The element according to the invention is particularly preferably made of cement-bonded material, of ceramic material, of plastic material, of metal, of natural stone, in particular slate, or of wood as base material. When using metal or plastic, the loops or barbs or mushroom heads can also be integrally molded during the manufacturing process.

The solution according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of shaped bricks, which usually have complex contours or shapes and can not or only insufficiently be secured with standard wind protection clamps or stirrups. In the case of the roof covering element according to the invention, only a certain overlapping area with an underlying roofing element is required, wherein in this area the pairing of the complementary hook and loop fasteners on roofing elements or fastening elements is to be provided.

An advantage of this embodiment is that the storm protection is not visible from the outside of the roof skin, because the hook and loop fastener is provided on the underside of the roofing element and the fastener in the form of the clip can be dimensioned so that it does not protrude beyond the overlapping area. In addition, while the function of rainproofing of the roofing is fully met, because the elements of the drain of rainwater in any way affect because they are provided exclusively in the overlap area.

The invention then also relates to a roof covering or according to a wall covering with a plurality of rows of roofing elements laid side by side, wherein the roof covering elements of adjacent rows partially overlap and wherein at least some, but possibly all, roofing elements are formed in the arrangement in the manner described above. These roofing elements are in the arrangement with the respective attached to a roof substructure or to be attached complementary fastener by reversibly releasable mechanical connection in the manner described attached to the roof substructure or fastened.

However, the invention also relates to a method for laying roofing elements for producing a roofing or wall covering, wherein first a first row of roofing elements is laid side by side and selected roofing elements by means of a fastener in the manner described above, ie by means of a mounting bracket with a hook and loop fastener at the top Edge area are secured to the roof substructure. Then, a second row of roofing elements is laid next to each other so that they overlap the roof covering elements of the first row at least partially in the upper area. In this case, either for all or at least some of the roof covering elements of the second row are selected which have the complementary Velcro fastener on its underside, and these are arranged so that they are aligned with the provided on the associated fastener of the first row hook and loop fastener substantially cooperate with this to attach the roofing elements through the reversibly releasable mechanical connection via the mounting brackets on the roof substructure. Be more rows relocated accordingly.

Depending on the requirement of wind suction protection, all roofing elements of a composite can be formed with the reversibly detachable mechanical wind suction protection based on the Velcro connection. Alternatively, certain may be selected, such as every other, every third or any selection.

Claims (15)

Roofing or wall covering element (1), in particular roof tile, tile, roof or wall panel, shingle, or molded brick, for overlapping laying with other roofing or wall covering elements (1), with
one at the roofing or
Wallcovering element (1) fastened first hook-and-loop fastener element (2) arranged to be secured to a complementary fastener element (3; 5; 6; 9) to be attached to an underlying roofing or wallcovering element (1) or roof or wall substructure (4) ) having a second hook and loop fastener (2) cooperable to reversibly releasably mechanically secure the roofing or wallcovering element (1) to the underlying roofing or wallcovering element (1) or the roof or wall substructure (4). Roofing or wall covering element (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first Velcro fastener (2) and / or the second Velcro fastener (2) with the roofing or wall covering element (1) positively and / or non-positively connected, in particular molded, glued or mechanically is attached / are. Roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fastening element comprises a clamp (3; 5; 6; 9), preferably made of metal or of a plastic material, to which the hook-and-loop fastener element (2) is fastened or integrally formed. Roofing or wall covering element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clip (3; 5; 6; 9), viewed from the side, has an overall C-shape. A roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bracket (3; 5; 6; 9) has a first leg (3b; 6b; 9b) to be supported on the roof or wall substructure (4). and a second leg (3a; 6a; 9a) which, in the installed state, engages the edge of the roof covering or wall covering element (1) and engages over a part of the upper side thereof. A roofing or wallcovering member (1) according to claim 5, wherein said bracket (6; 9) has a portion (6c; 9c) remote from said first and second legs (6a, 6b; 9a, 9b) which, viewed from the side is raised above a plane defined by the first leg (6a; 9a) and on which the hook-and-loop fastener element (2) is provided. Roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to claim 6, wherein the offset portion (6c; 9c) is designed to be elastically resilient overall. Roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the first leg (6a) of the clamp (6) is designed so that it, in the installed state, protrudes from the covering area of superimposed roofing or wall covering elements (1) and a projecting above the top of the roofing or wall covering element (1) on which it rests, protruding projection (6d), which preferably serves as a snow stopper. Roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the hook and loop fastener (2) on the roof covering or wall covering element (1) in the region of the underside is provided, preferably in the region which overlaps with the underlying roof covering or wall covering element (1) in the case of overlapping laying. A roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first and second hook and loop fasteners (2) are mechanically hookable elements according to the barb loop Velcro principle or the mushroom-to-mushroom Velcro principle. A roofing or wallcovering element (1) according to claim 10, wherein said first and second hook and loop fasteners (2) are formed of metal or plastic. Roof covering or wall covering element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the element (1) is made of cement-bonded material, of ceramic material, of plastic material, of metal, of natural stone, in particular slate, or of wood as base material. Roofing or wallcovering, with
a plurality of rows of adjoining, overlapping roofing or wall cladding elements (1), wherein at least some of the roof cladding or wall cladding elements (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12 are formed and connected to the respective one of a roof or wall substructure ( 4) mounted or to be attached complementary fastening element (3; 5; 6; 9) are reversibly releasably mechanically attached to the roof or wall substructure (4) or to be attached. Method for laying roofing or wall cladding elements (1) for producing a roof covering or wall cladding, comprising the steps of: Laying roofing or
Wallcovering elements (1) side by side in a first Row and fastening of selected roofing or wall covering elements (1) to a roof or wall substructure (4) by means of fastening elements (3; 5; 6; 9), and Laying roofing or
Wallcovering elements (1) side by side in a second row partially overlapping the first row roofing cladding elements (1), wherein at least some, preferably all, of the second row roofing cladding elements (1) according to any of claims 1 to 12 are arranged and arranged so that the Velcro fasteners (2) provided thereon are substantially aligned with and cooperate with the first hook-and-loop fasteners (2) provided on the fasteners (3) of the first row to form the roof covering or wall covering elements (1). reversible detachable mechanical attachment to the roof or wall substructure (4). Method for producing a roofing or wall cladding element (1), in particular roof tile, roof tile, roof or wall slab, shingle or molded brick, for overlapping laying, wherein a first hook and loop fastener element (2) is arranged on the roof covering or wall cladding element (1) that this or this with a to a roof or wall substructure (4) to be mounted complementary fastener (3; 5; 6; 9) with a second hook and loop fastener (2) cooperate to the roofing or wall covering element (1 ) reversibly releasably mechanically to the roof or wall substructure (4) to attach.

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