EP2791489A2 - Turbine à gaz à flux radial dotée d'un conduit de transition avancé - Google Patents

Turbine à gaz à flux radial dotée d'un conduit de transition avancé

Info

Publication number
EP2791489A2
EP2791489A2 EP12861047.4A EP12861047A EP2791489A2 EP 2791489 A2 EP2791489 A2 EP 2791489A2 EP 12861047 A EP12861047 A EP 12861047A EP 2791489 A2 EP2791489 A2 EP 2791489A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine engine
gas turbine
transition
array
adjacent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12861047.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2791489B1 (fr
Inventor
David J. Wiebe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Inc
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Inc filed Critical Siemens Energy Inc
Publication of EP2791489A2 publication Critical patent/EP2791489A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2791489B1 publication Critical patent/EP2791489B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/14—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid characterised by the arrangement of the combustion chamber in the plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
    • F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
    • F01D1/08—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially having inward flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/023—Transition ducts between combustor cans and first stage of the turbine in gas-turbine engines; their cooling or sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • F05D2250/313—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being perpendicular to each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to radial inflow gas turbine engines.
  • the invention relates to radial inflow gas turbine engines that utilize advanced transition combustion assemblies that do not utilize a first row of turbine vanes to accelerate combustion gases.
  • Radial inflow gas turbine engines may have a turbine that uses an impeller to receive combustion gases from combustors and associated conventional transition ducts.
  • the combustion gases rotate the impeller as the impeller directs the flow of combustion gases from a radially inward direction to an axial direction.
  • Due to the nature of combustors and conventional transitions the combustion gases may be properly oriented by a first row of vanes disposed between an outlet of the conventional transition duct and the impeller.
  • the first row of vanes may also accelerate the combustion gases to an appropriate speed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a radial inflow gas turbine engine with advanced transition ducts.
  • FIG. 2 shows a close-up of the radial inflow gas turbine engine of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section along line A-A of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a close-up of the circled region of FIG. 3.
  • Advanced transition ducts applied to a radial inflow may be oriented radially, and within the radial plane may also be oriented such that the gas flow axis is also tangential to an impingement surface of the turbine blade at some point in the blade's rotation about a central axis of the gas turbine engine.
  • Proper orientation of a flow of the combustion gases is a result of a geometry that is configured to create a straight axis for each combustion gas flow from a point of ignition until exiting the transition duct immediately prior to impinging the first row turbine blades.
  • the combustion gas flow path is narrowed at an acceleration geometry portion along the straight axis. This narrowing accelerates the gas flow to a speed appropriate for delivery to the first row of turbine blades, without the need for any stationary vane in the flow path.
  • a collimating geometry may be disposed between the accelerating geometry and an outlet of the advanced transition duct. The collimating geometry produces a uniform gas flow such that an entire volume of the gas flow is flowing parallel to the gas flow axis.
  • the engine may be shorter along its central axis. This allows the compressor to be closer to the turbine, which reduces rotor dynamics and shaft vibration problems incurred by relatively longer shafts of the prior art.
  • a shorter shaft length, which allows the bearings to be closer together, is especially important with a radial inflow engine with a single impellor turbine. In such an engine the impellor is typically heavy. This necessitates a heavier shaft, which is even more susceptible to the rotor dynamics and vibration problems. Eliminating the first row of turbine vanes may also greatly reduce the cost of the turbine system of the engine, and efficiency losses associated with the first row vanes.
  • FIG. 1 depicts a radial inflow gas turbine engine 10 with a single impellor 12, a rotor shaft 14, a compressor 16 (an axial compressor is shown but a radial compressor is also envisioned), a combustor 17 and an associated advanced transition duct 18.
  • Each advanced transition duct 18 includes a gas flow axis 20 that is straight and disposed in a plane 22 that is perpendicular to a central axis 24 of the gas turbine engine 10.
  • Each advanced transition duct 18 may have an accelerating geometry 26 and a collimating geometry 28.
  • the accelerating geometry 26 may resemble a cone that decreases a size of cross sections of a flow path 32 in a downstream direction with respect to a direction of flow of the combustion gases within the advanced transition duct 18. It is visible that the accelerating geometry narrows at least in a direction corresponding to the central axis 24.
  • a plurality of advanced transition ducts 18 form an array (not shown), and inner surfaces 34 of the array form each flow path 32.
  • inner refers to surfaces in contact with combustion gases 40.
  • Each flow path 32 may be defined by inner surfaces 36 of a single advanced transition duct 18, or a plurality of advanced transition ducts 18 working in conjunction.
  • a first advanced transition duct 18 may form part of a flow path 32, and an upstream and or downstream adjacent (with respect to a direction of travel of the impellor 12 and impellor blades 38) advanced transition duct (not shown) may form a remainder of the flow path 32.
  • Combustion gases 40 flow along the gas flow axis 20, are accelerated in the accelerating geometry 26 to a speed appropriate for deliver to the impellor blades 38, and may be properly oriented in the collimating geometry 28. Combustion gases 40 impinge the impellor blades 38, and the impellor blades 38 in turn reorient the combustion gases 40 from a radial flow direction to an axial flow direction.
  • each advanced transition duct 18 may be secured on either an advanced transition duct aft side 42 or an advanced transition duct fore side 44.
  • the advanced transition duct aft side 42 is secured to the engine turbine section casing 46. Securing the advanced transition duct 18 on only one side or the other side minimizes or avoids thermal fright between forward and aft mounts.
  • the accelerating geometry 26 and the collimating geometry 28 are also shown in greater detail.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a partial cross section A-A of the engine 10 at the perpendicular plane 22 in which the gas flow axes 20 lie.
  • a portion of the array 50 of advanced transition ducts 18 is visible.
  • a reference advanced transition duct 52 is circumferentially adjacent an upstream adjacent advanced transition duct 54.
  • the reference advanced transition duct 52 is also circumferentially adjacent a downstream adjacent advanced transition duct 56. Upstream and downstream as used with adjacent advanced transition ducts is with respect to a direction of rotation 58 of the impellor 12 and impellor blades 38.
  • the reference advanced transition duct 52 comprises a reference duct inner surface 60.
  • the upstream adjacent advanced transition duct 54 has an upstream duct inner surface 62, and the
  • downstream adjacent advanced transition duct 56 has a downstream duct inner surface 64.
  • each flow path 32 may be defined by inner surfaces of one or more than one advanced transition duct.
  • a reference flow path 66 is defined by the reference duct inner surface 60 as well as by the downstream duct inner surface 64.
  • an upstream adjacent flow path 68 is defined by the upstream duct inner surface 62 and the reference duct inner surface 60.
  • the downstream adjacent flow path 70 is defined by the downstream duct inner surface 64 and an inner surface of an advanced transition duct disposed adjacent and downstream thereof.
  • the accelerating region 26 also narrows in a circumferential direction. Narrowing the both the axial and circumferential direction enables a significant acceleration of the combustion gases 40 and eliminates the need for the first row of turbine vanes.
  • each advanced transition duct 18 there is also a collimating geometry 28.
  • the flow path 32 is fully bounded by the reference duct inner surface 60, although more than once surface could define the collimating geometry 28.
  • a partially bounded region 72 where the combustion gases 40 are only partially bounded by the reference duct inner surface 60 and the downstream duct inner surface 64.
  • the collimating geometry 28 is upstream with respect to the flow of combustion gases 40 of the partially bounded region 72 because a partially bounded flow may diverge to a much greater degree if an entire volume of the flow is not flowing parallel to the gas flow axis 20. However, since the entire volume of the flow is flowing parallel to the gas flow axis 20 after collimation, the flow will retain its cross sectional shape further
  • the flow path outlet 74 may be contoured circumferentially to match a profile made by a sweep 76 of a radially outward most point of the impellor blade tips 78.
  • the flow path outlet 74 may further be contoured along the central axis 24 to match an axial profile of the impellor blade tips 78.
  • an upstream side 80 of the reference flow path 66 is adjacent a downstream side 82 of the upstream adjacent flow path 68.
  • These adjacent sides 80, 82 meet at a common geometry 84.
  • the common geometry 84 may form an edge that may be aerodynamically sharp.
  • Aerodynamically sharp refers to a geometry that eliminates, or reduces to a negligible amount, a volume between the adjacent gas flow paths 66, 68, where a wake of combustion gases 40 may form turbulence.
  • An aerodynamically blunt geometry on the other hand may be a rounded corner, which would allow turbulence to occur between adjacent gas flow paths 66, 68.
  • an aerodynamically sharp geometry also enables a gap 86 to be minimized.
  • Minimizing gap 86 directs the combustion gases 40 directly onto the impellor blades 38 almost immediately after the combustion gases 40 exit the flow path outlet 74, reducing energy losses associate with longer travel distances. Further, since the reference flow path 66 and the upstream adjacent flow path 68 are at an angle with respect to each other, they converge on each other. Shortening the distance to the impellor blades 38 decreases the amount that the adjacent combustion gas flows converge and therefore interfere with each other, which again increases aerodynamic efficiency.
  • FIG. 4 is a close-up of the common geometry 84 that forms an edge. In this embodiment it is also in this region that adjacent advanced transition ducts 18 secure to each via interlocking geometry 88. It is this securing that locks the individual adjacent advanced transition ducts 18 into the array 50.
  • the reference advanced transition duct 52 includes a hook geometry 90 and the upstream adjacent advanced transition duct 54 includes a hook receiving geometry 92.
  • the reference duct inner surface 60 meets the upstream duct inner surface 62 at an inner surface joint 94. In this embodiment the inner surface joint 94 is disposed within the partially bounded region 72, and
  • the inner surface joint 94 be aerodynamically smooth, since a partially bound flow is more susceptible to perturbations.
  • an aerodynamically smooth joint adds no flow disturbances (e.g. eddies and vortices), or a negligible amount, to the combustion gases 40 flowing over the inner surface joint 94.
  • the inner surface joint 94 would maintain a laminar flow within the combustion gases 40.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une turbine à gaz (10), comprenant : une turbine comportant des aubes de roue à flux radial (38); et un réseau d'ensembles de chambres de combustion de transition avancées disposées circonférentiellement autour des aubes de roue à flux radial (38) et ayant des surfaces internes (34) qui sont adjacentes aux gaz de combustion (40). Les surfaces internes (34) du réseau sont configurées pour accélérer et orienter, pour délivrer directement sur les aubes de roue à flux radial (38), une pluralité de flux discrets des gaz de combustion (40). Les surfaces internes du réseau (34) définissent des axes d'écoulement du gaz de combustion respectifs (20). Chaque axe d'écoulement du gaz de combustion (20) est linéaire depuis un point d'allumage jusqu'à ce qu'il ne soit plus lié par les surfaces internes du réseau (34) et chaque axe d'écoulement du gaz de combustion (20) croise un emplacement unique sur une circonférence définie par un balayage des aubes de roue à flux radial (38).
EP12861047.4A 2011-12-15 2012-12-07 Turbine à gaz à flux radial dotée d'un conduit de transition avancé Active EP2791489B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/326,392 US8978389B2 (en) 2011-12-15 2011-12-15 Radial inflow gas turbine engine with advanced transition duct
PCT/US2012/068442 WO2013126125A2 (fr) 2011-12-15 2012-12-07 Turbine à gaz à flux radial dotée d'un conduit de transition avancé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2791489A2 true EP2791489A2 (fr) 2014-10-22
EP2791489B1 EP2791489B1 (fr) 2020-02-05

Family

ID=48608722

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12861047.4A Active EP2791489B1 (fr) 2011-12-15 2012-12-07 Turbine à gaz à flux radial dotée d'un conduit de transition avancé

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8978389B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2791489B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103998746B (fr)
WO (1) WO2013126125A2 (fr)

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US10227883B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2019-03-12 General Electric Company Transition duct assembly
US10260752B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2019-04-16 General Electric Company Transition duct assembly with late injection features
US10260424B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2019-04-16 General Electric Company Transition duct assembly with late injection features
US10145251B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2018-12-04 General Electric Company Transition duct assembly
US10260360B2 (en) 2016-03-24 2019-04-16 General Electric Company Transition duct assembly
US20180080324A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-22 General Electric Company Fluidically controlled steam turbine inlet scroll
JP2020076386A (ja) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-21 グエン チー カンパニー リミテッド タービン装置
US11415046B1 (en) 2019-06-04 2022-08-16 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Disk engine with circumferential swirl radial combustor

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130152543A1 (en) 2013-06-20
US8978389B2 (en) 2015-03-17
EP2791489B1 (fr) 2020-02-05
CN103998746A (zh) 2014-08-20
WO2013126125A3 (fr) 2013-11-14
CN103998746B (zh) 2016-08-24
WO2013126125A2 (fr) 2013-08-29

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