EP2789001B1 - Electric switching device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an electrical switching device having a guide portion having a first switching contact piece and a second switching contact piece, wherein at least the first switching contact piece via a kinematic chain for generating a relative movement of the switching contact pieces is connected to each other with a drive means and the guide portion is slidably guided along a track.

Such electrical switching device is for example from the patent DE 197 27 850 C1 known. There, a high-voltage circuit breaker with two opposite drivable switching contact pieces is described, these being referred to as arcing contact pieces. For driving a first switching contact piece, a kinematic chain is provided, which connects the first switching contact piece with a drive device. The first switching contact piece is equipped with a guide section, which is guided on a conductor track. The interconnect and the guide portion are matched to one another in such a way that the switching contact piece can perform a linear movement in the direction of the interconnect. The interconnect is equipped with a flat contact surface, wherein the guide section is equipped with a plane just opposite planar support surface.

Although such a guidance of the first switching contact piece allows an exact guidance of the first switching contact piece, such a construction requires precise production methods in order to prevent tilting of the guide section in the conductive path. However, even with precise production of the conductor track and guide section, abrasion can be recorded over an extended period of use. Thus, the friction coefficient deteriorates between guide section and conductive track, whereby blocking can occur. However, such blocking should be prevented as much as possible. In order to ensure its functionality even after prolonged operation of an electrical switching device, therefore, a driving force is coupled via the kinematic chain, which allows a switching movement even after a large number of switching cycles with increased frictional resistance between the guide section and conductive path. As a result, oversized drive devices are used.

However, enlarging the drive device is only economically possible to a certain extent. In particular, when using electrical switching devices in the high and high voltage range, the moving masses increase, so that an oversized drive device causes disproportionate costs.

From the DE 197 38 697 C1 is an electrical switching device with planar contact surfaces of the track and guide section known. These are only displaceable, non-rotatably arranged against each other, and lead to a sliding movement in two of the bearing cheeks formed straight slideways of the housing. Thus, no compensating movements between the contact surfaces of conductor track and guide section are possible, which also leads to the problems described above.

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide an electrical switching device, which can be equipped with a reduced-power drive device.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in an electrical switching device of the type mentioned above in that the guide portion and the guide track are part of a rotational push joint connected to the kinematic chain. Tilting of the guide section in the guide track and / or blocking are prevented by the use of a convexly curved contact surface.

A rotary push joint allows a superposition of a pushing movement with a rotary motion. For example, it is possible to displace the first switching contact piece in a linear direction, wherein this linear movement is superimposed by a rotational movement, in particular of the first switching contact piece. As a result, a rectilinear movement of the first switching contact piece is made possible, wherein the switching contact piece can additionally perform a pivoting movement. Thus, tilting of the guide section on the interconnect is only possible with difficulty. By superimposing a rotary motion, existing tolerances can be compensated for, for example, between the guide track and the guide section so that a preferably approximately linear straight guide of the first contact piece is ensured, whereby a clearance between guide track and guide section is permitted by a rotational movement performed relative to the slide track. On the one hand, a defined guidance of the first switching contact piece can take place. On the other hand, can be prevented by a rotational movement tilting of the switching contact piece. The rotary thrust joint can be designed such that a rotational movement about an axis of rotation is permitted, which is aligned substantially transversely to the thrust direction. Advantageously, the thrust direction along an axis should be substantially linear and the axis of rotation should be different from the axis of linear motion. The axis of rotation can, for example, run transversely to the thrust axis (eg, askew or cutting). The axis of rotation should preferably substantially perpendicularly intersect the thrust direction or preferably lie substantially perpendicular to the direction of thrust in a projection.

An application of the invention can be carried out, for example, in electrical switching devices having a first and a second switching contact piece, wherein the first and the second switching contact piece are movable relative to each other. It can be provided that only the first switching contact piece is movable, wherein the second switching contact piece remains at rest. However, it can also be provided that both switching contact pieces are subjected to a movement during a switching movement, so that a contact separation or contact closing speed can be increased. For this purpose, the two switching contact pieces are each moved to a switching operation on the other switching contact piece and a switch-off, the switching contact pieces are each moved away from the other switching contact piece. Particularly advantageously, the two switching contact pieces can be mounted linearly displaceable, wherein they are aligned opposite one another coaxially with each other. Thus, it is possible to move both switching contact pieces along the coaxial axis, wherein in a switch-on and a switch-off, the movements of the first and second switching contact piece are directed opposite to each other.

Of course, a construction according to the invention can also be used if only the first switching contact piece is displaceable relative to one another for producing a relative movement of the switching contact pieces. Accordingly, the second switch contact piece mounted in stationary fashion can be arranged opposite the first switch contact piece, wherein the two switch contact pieces can be aligned coaxially with one another.

The guide section should have a shape deviating from a shaft of the first switching contact piece. The guide section should be thickened relative to the shaft. The guide section may for example be formed substantially cylindrical, wherein the cylinder axis may be transverse to the linear displacement axis of the first switching contact piece. The shank should preferably have a cylindrical shape, wherein the cylinder axis of the shank lies transversely to the cylinder axis of the guide section substantially parallel to the thrust axis. In particular, the cylinder axes should be substantially perpendicular to each other and advantageously intersect each other. The conductive track serves to guide the guide section around the first switching contact piece move toward the second switch contact during a switching operation. The interconnect determines and defines the thrust direction of the first switch contact piece. A track can be constructed in various ways. Thus, a conductor track can determine the direction of thrust of the first switching contact piece from the interaction of a plurality of elements. A guide track may, for example, be designed as a groove, as a guide, as a body edge, as a shaft, as an axle, as a socket, as a recess, etc. The track and the guide section may be in direct or indirect contact.

Advantageously, it can be provided that the first switching contact piece has a bolt-shaped contacting section and the second switching contact piece has a counter-shaped tulip-shaped contacting section. In a modification, the reverse constellation can also be provided. In addition, other shapes of the switching contact pieces or their Kontaktierungsabschnitte are possible. At the first switching contact piece, the contacting section should be arranged on the shaft or the shaft should serve as the contacting section.

Advantageously, the two switching contact pieces should be designed as arcing contact pieces of the electrical switching device. Arc contact pieces have the property that at a switch-off occurring Ausschaltlichtbögen are performed on the arcing contact pieces. Pre-flashovers occurring during a switch-on process are likewise preferably carried out on the arcing contact pieces. It can be provided that the switching contact pieces also perform the function of a rated current contact piece in addition to their function of an arcing contact piece. However, the invention can also be used for contact pieces, which serve both a rated current and an arc guide.

In an application of the invention to a switching device for high and high voltages, it is advantageous if a separation of the functions arc guide and rated current he follows. In this case, the two switching contact pieces are each assigned a rated current contact piece, wherein the switching contact pieces contact each other before each assigned Nennstromkontaktstücken at a power-up and a disconnection of the switching contact pieces after separation of the rated current contact pieces. Accordingly, it is ensured that a switchable current path of the electrical switching device is initially formed between the switching contact pieces during a switch-on, so that in a subsequent contacting the Nennstromkontaktstücke a desired arc-free commutation of a current can be made to the parallel-connected rated current contact pieces. During a switch-off process, the rated current contact pieces first disconnect. In a turn-off is ensured that in a separation of the rated current contact pieces, the switching contact pieces are still in galvanic contact, so that a current of the Nennstromkontaktstücken possible arc free commutate on the switching contact pieces and a possibly resulting Ausschaltlichtbogen is performed at a separation of the switching contact pieces on the switching contact pieces ,

It may be provided that the rated current contact pieces are each movable, so that a relative movement of the two rated current contact pieces to one another results from a movement of both rated current contact pieces. However, it can also be provided that one of the rated current contact pieces is stationary and the other rated current contact piece is designed to be movable. Accordingly, any desired combinations of movable or stationarily mounted switching contact pieces as well as movably or stationarily mounted rated current contact pieces can be formed.

In order to generate a movement of the first switching contact piece, the use of a drive device may be provided. A drive device generates a movement, which are transmitted to one or more switching contact pieces can. The drive device has, for example, an energy converter which, for example, converts electrical energy into kinetic energy. Via a kinematic chain, a movement output by the drive device can be transmitted up to the drivable first switching contact piece. It is particularly advantageous if a common drive device for driving a plurality of switching contact pieces or one / more rated current contact pieces is used. As described above, movement between switching contact pieces and rated current contact pieces is subject to a specific time sequence. By means of a kinematic chain, on the one hand, a spatial distance from the drive device to the switching contact piece / rated current contact piece to be moved can be bridged. On the other hand, by means of the kinematic chain, the movement delivered by the drive device can be reshaped. The kinematic chain may include, for example, transmissions that generate a time delay or the like, so that different movements can be coupled out at different points of the kinematic chain. However, it can also be provided that several kinematic chains exist side by side on the electrical switching device, which drive the various relatively movable switching contact pieces or rated current contact pieces.

For example, it may be provided that the second switching contact piece and / or a rated current contact piece is connected to the drive device, wherein the second switching contact piece may be part of the kinematic chain for driving the first switching contact piece. The first switching contact piece may, for example, be coupled to the second switching contact piece via an electrically insulating component. The electrically insulating component is part of a kinematic chain. Via a switching path lying between the two switching contact pieces, a movement can thus be transmitted in an electrically isolated manner from one potential side (second switching contact piece) to the other potential side (first switching contact piece) of the electrical switching device. About the electric Insulating component, components that lead from each other different electrical potentials, be mechanically coupled together. Thus, the kinematic chain can lead in their course divergent electrical potentials. For example, it can be provided that the electrically insulating component is designed in the form of an insulating nozzle, which surrounds the second switching contact piece and in whose Isolierstoffdüsenengstelle the switching path between the two switching contact pieces extends at least partially. The switching path is so formed on the one hand between the two (separate) switching contact pieces. On the other hand, the spatial extent of the switching path is limited by the insulating material. The switching path extends in a (the Isolierstoffdüsenengstelle having) Isolierstoffdüsenkanal. Accordingly, the first switching contact piece can be moved into the insulating material nozzle during a switching movement. The insulating nozzle may be coupled to a drive element such as a linearly displaceable drive rod, which couples via a transmission which is part of the kinematic chain, a movement on the first switching contact piece. A transmission, which couples a transmitted via the Isolierstoffdüse movement in the first switching contact piece, for example, serve to effect a reversal of movement of the transmitted from the Isolierstoffdüse movement, so that the first and the second switching contact forcibly in each case with opposite sense, for example with respect to a Longitudinal axis of the electrical switching device to be moved. Thus, it is possible with a common drive means to move the two switching contact pieces opposite to each other and thus to increase the contact separation speed or the contacting speed of the switching device compared to a solely driven switching contact piece.

The electrical switching device may have an encapsulating housing, within which the switching contact pieces are arranged. Accordingly, the interior of the encapsulating with be filled with an electrically insulating fluid, such as an insulating gas or an insulating oil. The housing reduces volatilization of the electrically insulating fluid and can hermetically enclose the fluid so that it can also be pressurized. As insulating gas is particularly suitable SF ₆ . The switching path between the switching contact pieces is filled with the electrically insulating fluid. Arcs occurring during a switching operation can evaporate or exaggerate in the fluid located in the switching path, so that, for example, a plasma is generated which can assist in extinguishing a switching arc. For this purpose, the fluid / plasma under elevated pressure is placed in a flow, so that a blowing of the switching arc can take place.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that the guide section has a contact surface, which rests against the conductor track and the guide track has a contact surface, which bears against the guide section, wherein at least one of the contact surfaces is convexly curved.

In order to form a rotary push joint, it can be provided that the guide section and the guide track each have contact surfaces, wherein at least one of the contact surfaces is convexly curved. The convex curvature can be effected in such a way that the curvature extends around a plurality of spatial axes, so that, for example, a contact surface in the form of a convexly curved spherical cap is formed. However, it can also be provided that only one axis of curvature is provided for forming a convex contact surface, so that it is shaped, for example, in the manner of a lateral surface portion of a circular cylinder. In addition, the convexly curved abutment surface can also be formed deviating from a circular cylinder jacket surface or spherical surface, so that an arbitrarily spatially curved contact surface of a convex type can be formed.

By using a convexly curved contact surface, a point-shaped or linear contact region can be formed between the contact surfaces of the conductive path and the guide section. This compensating movements between the contact surfaces of the track or guide section are simplified possible. Thus, the convexly curved contact surface on the other contact surface in the course of a relative movement between the guide track and guide section allow tilting and pivoting of the guide track and guide section to each other, so that, for example, by abrasion or manufacturing tolerances resulting clearance between the track and guide section can be compensated. Thus, it is possible to reduce the friction losses between the abutment surfaces. Thus, a power reduced drive device can be used. It can also be provided that both a contact surface of the guide track and a contact surface of the guide section are designed convexly curved. It can further be provided that the interconnect path has at least two oppositely directed abutment surfaces, which are configured in particular planar, wherein the guide section scans both abutment surfaces of the interconnect, so that a transverse movement or lifting and deflecting the guide portion is prevented from the interconnect. For this purpose, the guide portion may also have a plurality of contact surfaces, which together ensure a guide along the track. A linear guide through the interconnect can also be ensured by using a plurality of convexly shaped abutment surfaces of the interconnect, wherein the plurality of convexly shaped abutment surfaces are successively scarfed. In addition, the interconnect may for example also have a curved path, so that the interconnect itself has at least one contact surface which is convexly curved, which in turn can be scanned, for example, by a flat contact surface of the guide portion. Even with such a constellation, the contact area between the conductor track and contact surface can be configured in a punctiform or linear manner, so that tilting of the guide section on the conductive path is only possible with difficulty.

In addition, a convex shaping of contact surfaces of the conductor track and guide section can be provided. In this case, there are improved possibilities of guiding the guideway on the track along an almost arbitrary track course.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that one of the contact surfaces is flat.

Advantageously, the track and the guide portion may be adapted to direct or guide a linear movement of the switching contact piece. For example, the interconnect may have a linearly extended course, so that the guide section is guided along the interconnect track the scanning path. For this purpose, the interconnect may, for example, have at least one planar contact surface, which is aligned parallel to the axis of motion of the first switching contact piece. Accordingly, the guide portion may be provided with a convex abutment surface which slides, for example, on the planar contact surface of the conductor track. Accordingly, a linear or punctiform contact region is formed between the guide track and the guide section, via which guide and force transmission takes place between guide track and guide section. The interconnect may, for example, have two oppositely oriented planar contact surfaces, which are both simultaneously scanned by the guide section. Thus, the two contact surfaces secure a release of the guide portion of the track. An abutment surface of a guide track can be designed, for example, as a groove bottom of a groove. Such a groove may be configured in several parts, so for example groove flanks and the groove bottom may be arranged on different sub-elements. Particularly advantageously, a groove can be composed of half shells, which are preferably formed opposite. A half-shell may each have a groove flank and a part of the groove bottom. When joining the half-shells of the groove bottom is completed and in the groove bottom a joint gap is arranged. The joint gap can, if necessary, be made more or less wide. A multi-part design of a groove facilitates the assembly of the electrical switching device. Thus, an additional stabilization of the guide portion which projects into the groove, made possible by groove flanks. Again, the convex contact surfaces of the guide portion may extend into or be provided with a convex profiling the groove flanks. The guide section may accordingly have two convex contact surfaces, one of which cooperates with one of the contact surfaces of the conductive path. The contact surfaces of the guide portion may each be convexly curved, wherein the contact surface opposite to each other aligned (curved).

A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the first switching contact piece has a gate, which is engaged by a driving element of the kinematic chain, wherein the driving element has a flat contact surface, which rests against a flank of the link.

A link has at least one shoulder, in which the driving element can engage or which can be scanned by the driving element. Such a shoulder is, for example, an edge of a groove or a continuous recess or else an edge of a shoulder rising from a surface. Due to the shape of the backdrop respectively their flank to be scanned a relative movement between the driving element and the slide or the first switching contact piece is possible. For example, a driving movement can be impressed on the first switching contact piece via the driving element of the kinematic chain. Depending on the nature of the movement of the entrainment element and the shape of the backdrop different movement pattern can be impressed on the switching contact piece. For example, the backdrop may be formed in the manner of a linear elongated hole, in which engages a driving element in the form of a bolt. About the bolt can be a corresponding movement the backdrop or the first switching contact piece are impressed, so that, for example, a movement to the second switching contact piece to or from the second switching contact piece can continue. The driving element can for example transmit a pivoting movement, a linear movement, a pulling or pushing movement on an edge of the link, so that there is a corresponding movement with movable mounting of the first contact piece. For example, the gate can be designed in the manner of a slot, which extends substantially transversely to the axis of movement of a linearly displaceable first switching contact piece. Preferably, the gate can be arranged in the region of the guide portion of the first switching contact piece. Thus, a force for moving the first switching contact piece in the region of the guide portion can be initiated, wherein the first switching contact piece is guided in the guide portion on the interconnect. Furthermore, such a coupling of a drive movement in the first switching contact piece is a mechanically resistant construction.

A flat contact surface of the driving element on the flank of the backdrop further allows the range available in the area for the introduction of force to increase the range. Usually, the space available at the switching contact piece is limited, wherein the use of the flat contact surface is advantageous for transmitting high driving forces and avoiding compressions / widening on the contact piece. Driving forces can be transmitted over enlarged surfaces, so that deformation of the link or the driving element is prevented. For the design of gate and entrainment filigree constructions, such as a bolt, which is guided within the gate, find use, the bolt preferably on the shell side has a correspondingly planar contact surface, which is guided on the flank of the gate. For example, it can be provided that the contact surface of the driving element is made flat, whereas the flank of the backdrop convex, however, preferably also carried out equal opposite flat is. In particular, in a linear design of the slot can be configured in a simple manner planar contact surfaces between driving element and the backdrop edge.

A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the first switching contact piece has a slot, in which engages a driving element of the kinematic chain, wherein the driving element has a spherically curved surface, which is guided in the backdrop.

The entrainment element with a spherically curved surface can be, for example, a spherically curved surface section of a ball, which is guided, for example, in a slot formed as a groove. This surface portion can scan the groove flanks of the backdrop, so that a force between the driving element and the scenery can be transmitted. Preferably, the link can for example be designed in the form of a groove whose groove cross-section is formed equal to the spherically curved surface of the driving element. Thus, the available to transfer forces investment areas between the gate and the driving element is increased. By available for power transmission enlarged area between driving element and backdrop, increased stability of backdrop and driving element can be achieved. Thus, for example, be provided that a cylindrical pin engages the gate, with a free end is rounded spherical, so that this spherical rounded end is guided in the backdrop. The scenery can feel the spherical rounded surface of the driving element and use it for a power transmission. In addition, of course, a lateral surface of a bolt can be used for power transmission. Accordingly, a widening or abrading the backdrop is difficult because driving forces are transmitted over larger contact surfaces.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the driving element is rotatably mounted on a particular pivotable drive lever.

A drive lever serves, for example, a transformation of a linear movement, for example, and is part of the kinematic chain for driving the first switching contact piece. A pivotable drive lever is rotatably mounted about an axis, wherein a driving element is mounted on a lever arm. By a rotatable mounting of the driving element in the low-pivoting drive lever is given the opportunity to equip the driving element with a flat contact surface, which engages a planar edge of a backdrop. Thus, canting, as would occur, for example, in an overstroke or during a rotation of the driving element about the axis of rotation of the drive lever can be compensated. For example, by a rotatable mounting of the driving element on the drive lever a flat contact surface of the driving element during a rotational movement of the lever durably, for example, vertically, vertically or any predetermined position, remain aligned.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that the entrainment element is mounted rotatably enclosed by an abrasion-resistant bushing.

The driving element can be surrounded by an abrasion-resistant bush rotatably mounted. In this case, the sleeve can be connected to a rigid angle with the driving element, so that a rotational movement takes place with the interposition of a fixed angle to the driving element fixed socket on a pivoting lever arm. However, it can also be provided that the sleeve is arranged rigidly fixed to the lever arm, so that the driving element is rotatably disposed within the abrasion-resistant sleeve. By using a socket is given the opportunity to use cost-effective material for the lever arm, whereas in the area of the socket, an abrasion-resistant material is used. This is in particular In the region of the rotatably mounted drive element in a simplified manner forces in the lever arm introduced or transferable from this to the driving element, wherein due to the sleeve widening or reshaping of the drive lever is prevented.

A further advantageous embodiment can provide that at least one contact surface is equipped with an abrasion-resistant inlay.

Regardless of the shape of a contact surface can be provided that the contact surface has an insert which is formed of abrasion resistant material. Thus, the mechanical resistance of the contact surface can be increased. For example, a mechanical reinforcement of the conductor track or the guide section can be provided. However, it can also be provided that a contact surface of the link or the corresponding engaging in the backdrop driving element is equipped with an abrasion-resistant inlay. Thus, it is possible to use low-cost materials, with only the contact surfaces on which moving parts rub against each other, must be equipped abrasion resistant. Furthermore, such a configuration has the advantage that, for example, material for the first switching contact piece can be selected with regard to its electrical properties, wherein only the sections on the first switching contact piece, which are exposed due to the introduction of driving forces increased mechanical loads to provide with corresponding abrasion resistant deposits are. Thus, it is possible to inexpensively form mechanically resistant composite body.

In the following, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in a drawing and described in more detail below.

Figur 1

einen Schnitt durch ein elektrisches Schaltgerät, die

Figur 2 bis 4

einen Bewegungsablauf eines ersten Schaltkontaktstückes bei einem Ausschaltvorgang, die

Figur 5

ein Detail eines Führungsabschnittes des ersten Schaltkontaktstückes, die

Figur 6

ein Detail einer Kulisse eines Führungsabschnittes, die

Figuren 7, 7A

die aus der Figur 5 bekannte Ausgestaltung eines Führungsabschnittes in perspektivischer Ansicht teilweise freigeschnitten, die

Figuren 8, 8A, 8B

eine erste Ausgestaltungsvariante eines Mitnahmeelementes am Führungsabschnitt eines ersten Schaltkontaktstückes, die

Figuren 9, 9A

eine zweite Ausgestaltungsvariante eines Mitnahmeelementes an einem Führungsabschnitt des ersten Schaltkontaktstückes, die

Figuren 10, 10A

eine dritte Ausgestaltungsvariante eines Mitnahmeelementes an einem Führungsabschnitt eines Schaltkontaktstückes, die

Figuren 11, 11A

eine vierte Ausgestaltungsvariante eines Mitnahmeelementes an einem Führungsabschnitt eines ersten Schaltkontaktstückes, und die

Figuren 12, 12A

eine mögliche Ausgestaltung von Anlageflächen.

It shows the

FIG. 1

a section through an electrical switching device, the

FIGS. 2 to 4

a sequence of movement of a first switching contact piece in a switch-off, the

FIG. 5

a detail of a guide portion of the first switching contact piece, the

FIG. 6

a detail of a backdrop of a guide section, the

FIGS. 7, 7A

the from the FIG. 5 known configuration of a guide portion in perspective view partially cut, the

Figures 8, 8A, 8B

a first embodiment variant of a driving element on the guide portion of a first switching contact piece, the

FIGS. 9, 9A

a second embodiment variant of a driving element on a guide portion of the first switching contact piece, the

FIGS. 10, 10A

a third embodiment variant of a driving element on a guide portion of a switching contact piece, the

Figures 11, 11A

a fourth embodiment variant of a driving element on a guide portion of a first switching contact piece, and the

Figures 12, 12A

a possible embodiment of contact surfaces.

Divergent, functionally identical details in the FIGS. 1 to 12 shown constructions can be combined with each other or interchangeable.

The FIG. 1 shows a section through an electrical switching device. The electrical switching device has a first switching contact piece 1 and a second switching contact piece 2. The first switching contact piece 1 and the second switching contact piece 2 are arranged opposite each other frontally, wherein the two switching contact pieces 1, 2 are aligned coaxially to a main axis 3. In the FIG. 1 is the representation of the electrical switching device selected such that above the main axis 3, the relatively movable assemblies are shown in an open position of the electrical switching device and below the main axis 3, the relatively movable assemblies are shown in the closed position of the electrical switching device. In the closed position, the switching contact pieces 1, 2 contact each other, in the off position, the switching contact pieces 1, 2 are separated from each other.

The first switching contact piece 1 has a bolt-shaped contacting region with a circular cross section, which is aligned coaxially with the main axis 3. Opposite the front side, the second switching contact piece 2 is arranged, wherein the second switching contact piece 2 has a tulip-shaped configured contacting region. The second switching contact piece 2 is formed substantially tubular. In the on state (below the main axis 3), the first switching contact piece 1 is retracted into the second switching contact piece 2. There is a galvanic connection between the two switching contact pieces 1, 2. Both the first switching contact piece 1 and the second switching contact piece 2 are movable via a drive device 6. The two switching contact pieces 1, 2 act in the electrical switching device FIG. 1 as arcing contact pieces. Accordingly, the first switching contact piece 1 is a first Rated current contact piece 4 and the second switching contact piece 2, a second rated current contact piece 5 assigned. The first rated current contact piece 4 is arranged stationary. Accordingly, both above the main axis 3 and below the main axis 3 no change in position of the first rated current contact piece 4 can be seen. The second rated current contact piece 5 is displaceable via the drive device 6 along the main axis 3. The second rated current contact piece 5 is designed substantially tubular, wherein in the on state, the first rated current contact piece 6 outer shell side rests on the second rated current contact piece 5 with movable contact elements. The second rated current contact piece 5 is aligned coaxially with the main axis 3, wherein the second rated current contact piece 5 encloses the second switching contact piece 2. The second switching contact piece 2 and the second nominal contact piece 5 always have the same electrical potential. The in the FIG. 1 shown rated current contact pieces 4, 5 and switching contact pieces 1, 2 are surrounded by an electrically insulating fluid, in particular a gas, which is enclosed within an encapsulating housing (not shown) under pressure.

The first rated current contact piece 4 is substantially tubular and is arranged coaxially to the main axis 3. The first rated current contact piece 4 surrounds the first switching contact piece 1 on the outer jacket side. At the first rated current contact piece 4, a support device 7 is arranged. About the support device 7, the first switching contact piece 1 is positioned within the first rated current contact piece 4 and slidably mounted to the first rated current contact piece 4. The supporting device 7 is designed to be electrically conductive, so that there is permanent electrical contact between the first rated current contact piece 4 and the first switching contact piece 1. Accordingly, sliding contact arrangements 7b are arranged on the first switching contact piece 1 in a guide sleeve 7a of the supporting device 7. The sliding contact arrangements 7b slide in the interior of the guide sleeve 7a and contact the guide sleeve 7a with the first switching contact piece. 1

On the supporting device 7, a transmission carrier 8 is further arranged. The gear carrier 8 has a conductive track 9. The interconnect 9 has a predominantly planar contact surface, wherein the interconnect 9 is aligned parallel to the main axis 3. In the present case, the interconnect 9 has two oppositely mirror-symmetrically aligned to the main axis 3 similar contact surfaces, within which a guide portion 10 of the first switching contact piece 1 is guided. The contact surfaces of the track 9 are each configured as a groove bottom of a U-shaped profiled groove. The U-shaped grooves are oriented opposite to each other. The groove openings face each other. The grooves are arranged parallel to the main axis 3. The grooves are joined together from opposite half shells, wherein in at least one of the groove bottoms, a joint gap remains, which is dimensioned so wide that a two-armed drive lever 15 can dip through. The contact surfaces of the conductor track 9 are divided into two by the respective joint gap in the longitudinal axis.

The guide section 10 of the first switching contact piece 1 has in the radial direction (transverse to the main axis 3) a thickening (a greater extent) relative to a shaft 11 of the first switching contact piece 1. The shaft 11 is presently provided with a circular cylindrical cross-section and has the contacting region, whereas the guide portion 10 is provided with a substantially cylindrical shape, wherein the cylinder axis is aligned perpendicular to the main axis 3. The cylinder axis of the shaft 11 is parallel, in particular aligned congruent to the main axis 3. The cylinder axes of shaft 11 and guide section 10 are at right angles to each other. The guide section 10 has two contact surfaces 12, which abut against a respective contact surface of the conductor track 9.

The contact surfaces 12 are presently convexly curved, wherein the axis of curvature is aligned substantially perpendicular to the main axis 3. Correspondingly, the convexly curved abutment surfaces 12 of the guide section 10 are each arranged curved around a single axis (here about the same axis). Preferably, the contact surfaces 12 may be sections of a lateral surface of a circular cylinder. A cylinder axis of this circular cylinder can preferably be aligned with the main axis 3 in a cutting manner. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the contact surfaces 12 of the guide section 10 are configured, for example, in the form of a surface curved around several axes. For example, a contact surface 12 may have the form of a spherical cap.

The guide section 10 has, in relation to each of the two contact surfaces of the guide track 9, in each case a contact section, which is designed in the form of a line. By this line-shaped design, the friction between the contact surfaces of the conductor track 9 and the contact surfaces 12 of the guide portion 10 is reduced. Preferably, the contact surfaces 12 of the guide portion 10 should be parts of a circular cylindrical lateral surface, wherein the cylinder axis extends through the main axis 3.

The interconnect 9 has grooves whose groove bottoms each form a contact surface. Thus, an axial displacement of the first switching contact piece 1 in the direction of the main axis 3 is made possible. The groove flanks of the groove ensure positioning of the contact surfaces 12 of the guide section 10 in the track 9. Analogously to the opposite embodiment of two oppositely arranged contact surfaces of the track 9, the guide portion 10 is designed mirror-symmetrically to the main axis 3, so that through the track 9, a linear guide of first switching contact piece 1 is effected in the direction of the main axis 3, wherein due to the convex shape of the contact surfaces 12 of the guide portion 10, a tilting of the guide portion 10 is prevented at the interconnect 9. Consequently For example, the guide section 10 can be displaced linearly in the direction of the main axis 3, whereby a conditional rotational movement in the course of a linear displacement of the first switching contact piece 1 in the guide track 9 is permitted.

Via a kinematic chain, a movement which is output by the drive device 6 is transmitted to the first switching contact piece 1. To drive the first switching contact piece 1, the introduction of a link 13 in the first switching contact piece 1 is provided. The gate 13 is arranged in the cylindrically shaped guide section 10 of the first switching contact piece 1. When the gate 13 is a continuous slot, which has a linear trajectory, with a longitudinal extent transverse, in particular perpendicular to the main axis 3. In the backdrop 13 engages a driving element 14 a. The driving element 14 is in the present case designed as a bolt, which is mounted on a first lever arm of a two-armed drive lever 15. The two-armed drive lever 15 is mounted on the gear carrier 8 and thus on the first rated current contact piece 4. The second lever arm of the two-armed drive lever 15 is in the form of a fork. When pivoting the lever arm, starting from the closed position (below the main axis 3) opposite to the clockwise direction, there is a pivotal movement of the arranged on the first lever arm entrainment element 14, wherein the entrainment member 14 slides through the gate 13 and sliding along a flank of the gate 13 along a conversion of the pivoting movement of the two-armed drive lever 15 in a linear movement of the link 13 having the first switching contact piece 1 causes. The closed position of the first switching contact piece 1 is left and transferred into an open position of the first switching contact piece 1 (above the main axis 3).

The two-armed drive lever 15 is part of a kinematic chain in order to transmit a drive movement from the drive device 6 to the first switching contact piece 1.

The drive device 6 is connected to the second switching contact piece 2 and to the second rated current contact piece 5. The second switching contact piece 2 and the second rated current contact piece 5 are mounted immovably relative to each other. A movement of the first rated current contact piece 5 thus forcibly leads to a movement of the second switching contact piece 2 and vice versa. The second rated current contact piece 5 is connected in an angularly fixed manner to an insulating nozzle 16. Due to the rigid-angle coupling of the second rated current contact piece 5 and the second switching contact piece 2, the insulating material nozzle 16 is also connected to the second switching contact piece 2 with a rigid angle. Accordingly, the insulating material 16 is moved with a movement of the second switching contact piece 2 and the second rated current contact piece 5 with these. Both the second switching contact piece 2 and the second rated current contact piece 5 and the insulating material 16 are mounted displaceably along the main axis 3. The Isolierstoffdüse 16 is designed as a rotationally symmetrical insulating material, which centrally has a Isolierstoffdüsenengstelle, wherein the Isolierstoffdüsenengstelle encloses the switching path formed between the two switching contact pieces 1, 2. The Isolierstoffdüse 16 is arranged such that the insulating nozzle 16 is surrounded by the second rated current contact piece 5 at least partially outer jacket side, the Isolierstoffdüse 16, the second switching contact piece 2 at least partially surrounds. The insulating nozzle 16 spans the switching path between the two switching contact pieces 1, 2.

At its end remote from the second switching contact piece 2, the insulating nozzle 16 is connected to a drive rod 17. The drive rod 17 is presently formed as a substantially linear U-profile, wherein the linear profile profile of the drive rod 17 is aligned parallel to the main axis 3. The drive rod 17 is slidably supported on the gear carrier 8, wherein a fork-shaped lever arm of the two-armed drive lever 15 protrudes into the U-profile of the drive rod 17. The fork ends of the forked Lever arm are shaped such that in the on or in the off state of the two-armed drive lever 15 abuts with one of its fork ends at the bottom of the U-profile of the drive rod 17 and is fixed. About the driving element 14 and the gate 13 a sporadic movement of the first switching contact piece 1 is blocked. On the drive rod 17, a drive bolt 18 is arranged, which is aligned transversely to the main axis 3. The drive pin 18 is held between the flanks of the U-profile of the drive rod 17. By means of the drive pin 18, a entrainment of the forked end of the two-armed drive lever 15 can be made in a linear movement of the drive rod 17. Thus, it is possible to transmit a linear movement, which is consequently transmitted to the second switching contact piece 2 or the second rated current contact piece 5, also to the insulating material nozzle 16 and to the drive rod 17, on the drive bolt 18. During a movement of the second switching contact piece 2 in the direction of the main axis 3, the drive pin 18 runs into the fork-shaped end of a lever arm of the two-armed drive lever 15, whereby a linear movement is converted into a pivoting movement of the two-armed drive lever 15. In order to enable a pivoting of the two-armed drive lever 15, a recess 20 is introduced in the groove bottom of the drive rod 17. Through the recess 20, the fork ends of the two-armed drive lever 15 can swing out of their respective blocking positions. Due to the two-armed design of the two-armed drive lever 15, a reversal of the sense of direction of the movement of the second switching contact piece 2 is effected in cooperation with the driving element 14 and the link 13 on the first switching contact piece 1, ie, while the two switching contact pieces 1, 2 in the same direction, namely, are moved along the main axis 3, this is always done with a reverse direction sense, so that the two switching contact pieces 1, 2 are moved towards each other or moved away from each other.

In the FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 is a movement of the first switching contact piece 1 from its closed position ( Fig. 1 below the main axis 3) in its off position ( Fig. 4 and Fig. 1 above the main axis 3). For a switch-off, the drive device 6 causes the second rated current contact piece 5 and the second switch contact piece 2 to move away from the first switch contact piece 1 or the first rated current contact piece 4. The galvanic contacting of the two rated current contact pieces 4, 5 and the two switching contact pieces 1, 2 should be repealed. The Ausschaltbewegungsrichtung the drive device 6 is in the FIG. 1 indicated by the arrow 19. In a movement in the direction of arrow 19, a take away the angle rigidly connected to the second switching contact piece 2 and the second rated current contact piece 5 Isolierstoffdüse 16 takes place accordingly entrainment of the drive rod 17 and the attached drive pin 18. The drive pin 18 runs in the forked end of the two-armed drive lever 15 and offset the two-armed drive lever 15 in a pivoting movement counterclockwise. In the bottom region of the U-shaped profile of the drive rod 17, the recess 20 is provided, through which the forked end of the two-armed drive lever 15 can dip during a pivoting operation. The axial extent of the recess 20 in the groove portion of the drive rod 17 is dimensioned such that always securing the position of the pivot lever is ensured even during the swinging from its switch-on to its off position, ie, even during a switchover from a switch-on to a switch-off (And vice versa), the position of the two-armed drive lever 15 is fixed, so that via the coupling with the second switching contact piece 2, the position of the first switching contact piece 1 is defined and a sporadic displacement of the first switching contact piece 1 is excluded.

During a pivoting movement of the two-armed drive lever 15, the driving element 14 is also opposite to Pivoted clockwise, wherein the movement of the driving element 14 is transmitted to the slot 13 of the first switching contact piece 1 and the pivoting movement is in turn converted into a linear movement. Due to the design and coupling of the two-armed drive lever 15, a reversal of the sense of direction of the drive movement, which causes transferred from the second rated current contact piece 5 and the second switching contact piece 2, a switching of the electrical switching device.

At the end of a switch-off movement in the switch-off position ( Fig. 4 ; such as Fig. 1 above the main axis 3), the forked end of the two-armed drive lever 15 is again secured in the groove bottom of the drive rod 17 from swinging. A switch-on takes place in reverse order.

The basic function of the electrical switching device and the effect of the first switching contact piece 1 and the kinematic chain are the FIGS. 1 to 4 described. To the representations of Figures 5 . 6 . 7, 7A . 8, 8A . 8B . 9 . 9A . 10 . 10A . 11 . 11A . 12 and 12A only possibilities of the design of the guide portion 10 of the driving element 14 and further in this area befindlicher elements are described in more detail.

The FIG. 5 shows the guide portion 10 of the first switching contact piece 1, wherein the guide portion 10 is provided with convex abutment surfaces 12. The convex contact surfaces 12 are each part of a shell of a cylinder with a circular cross-section. The circular cross section is symbolized in the figure by the broken solid line. The axis of curvature of the contact surfaces 12 thereby passes through the main axis 3. Furthermore, it can be seen that the guide track 9 has two oppositely oriented contact surfaces, which are each made flat. At the flat contact surfaces of the conductor track 9 are the convex contact surfaces 12 of the guide portion 10 of the first switching contact piece 1. Die Backing 13, which is designed as a slot having a linear extension, wherein the slot is penetrated by the axis of curvature of the convex contact surfaces 21 is penetrated by the driving element 14. The driving element 14 is designed such that this has a flat contact surface 22 which bears against the counter-shaped flat edge of the slide 13. The driving element 14 has two parallel aligned planar contact surfaces 22, which are similar with oppositely aligned flanks of the link 13 in engagement. The driving element 14 thus forms a sliding block.

The embodiment of the entrainment element 14 is in the FIG. 6 shown in more detail. It can be seen that the entrainment element 14 has a substantially rectangular cross-section, wherein the corners are circularly broken. In this case, the entrainment element 14 in each case parallel to each other aligned contact surfaces 22, which are just designed and at the same time with the flanks of the gate 13 are engaged. Furthermore, it can be seen that the driving element 14 is mounted in a bushing 23. The bush 23 is formed of abrasion-resistant material, wherein the sleeve 23 is rigidly connected to the driving element 14. The sleeve 23 in turn is rotatably positioned in the two-armed drive lever 15 so that the driving element 14 is rotatably mounted to the drive lever 15. Thus, it is possible that in a pivoting movement of the drive lever 15 despite a guide the flat contact surfaces 22 in the linear slot of the slide 13 no tilting of the drive element 14 in the slot 13 occurs.

The FIGS. 7, 7A show a perspective view of the known guide portion 10 from FIG. 6 , On average, in particular, the position of the bushing 23 in the two-armed drive lever 15 can be seen. In the present case, the sleeve 23 is rigidly connected to the driving element 14. It can also be provided that the sleeve 23, the driving element 14th rotatably engages around and self-locking angle is fixed in the drive lever 15.

The Figures 8, 8A, 8B show a first embodiment variant of a driving element 14. A bushing 23 has planar contact surfaces 22, wherein the sleeve 23 is rotatably mounted on the driving element 14. The driving element 14 is fixedly mounted on the two-armed drive lever 15. Alternatively, the sleeve 23 may be rigidly secured to the driving element 14 and the driving element 14 rotatably mounted on the two-armed drive lever 15.

In the constructions shown in all figures, a parallel guide of the respective driving elements 14 is provided in two slotted scenes 13. In a central region, which is located between the scenes 13, a bearing of the respective driving element 14 is provided on the respective two-armed drive lever 15. In the embodiment according to the Figures 8, 8A, 8B is in each of the scenes 13 a separate sleeve 23 out.

In the FIGS. 9, 9A a second embodiment variant of a driving element 14 is shown. The entrainment element 14 has a central pin 14a, which passes through the two-armed drive lever 15, wherein the bolt 14a each rises like a spherical cap at its free ends on the two-armed drive lever 15. Alternatively, the two-armed drive lever 15 may be formed, for example, with spherical cap-shaped projections for forming a driving element 14. The spherical cap-shaped surfaces of the driving element 14 each engage in a linear groove (link 13), each of which preferably has a semicircular groove profile. Accordingly, a surface enlarged contact area is formed, which slides through a pivoting of the drive lever 15 through the groove-shaped scenes 13 and causes a conversion of the pivotal movement of the two-armed drive lever 15 in a linear movement of the first switching contact piece 1. By blocking the drive lever 15 in the end positions on the fork ends, a moving out of the driving element 14 is prevented from the grooves.

The FIGS. 10, 10A show a fourth embodiment variant based on the FIGS. 9, 9A known embodiment of a driving element 14. According to the FIGS. 10, 10A it is provided that in the two-armed drive lever 15, a cylindrical through-bore is introduced, in which a spherical driving element 14 is inserted. The spherical entrainment element 14 in turn is inserted in two aligned scenes 13, which preferably have two opposing grooves with opposite profile. By opposing guidance of the driving element 14 in two similar scenes 13 a driving out of the spherical driving element 14 is prevented from the through hole. By limiting the pivoting range of the two-armed lever 15 prevents the spherical driving element 14 runs out of the backdrop 13.

The Figures 11, 11A show a fourth embodiment variant of the FIGS. 10, 10A known driving element 14 in the form of a ball, here the use of two balls is provided, which are each guided in a gate 13, wherein for positioning the two balls of the driving element 14 in a through hole of the drive lever 15, an annular ball bearing is provided which the balls holds in opposite directions in the respective scenes 13. The annular ball bearing guides the carrier element 14 in the radial direction in the through hole of the drive lever 15 and presses the two balls into the respective slot 13.

Regardless of the configuration of the driving element 14 is in the Figures 12, 12A shown that alternatively or in addition to a sleeve 23, the use of an abrasion-resistant insert can also be provided on the flanks of the gate 13. In the flanks of the backdrop 13, which serve as contact surfaces for the driving element 14, inlays of abrasion resistant Be used material. In order for a knocking or widening of the gate 13 is prevented, with only the endangered by abrasion areas of the gate 14 must be made of the abrasion resistant material.

Furthermore, it can be provided that bearing surfaces of the forked end of the two-armed drive lever 15, in which the drive pin 18 retracts during movement, are equipped with inlays made of abrasion-resistant material. Here, too, the contact surfaces of the two-armed drive lever 15, on which the drive pin 13 engages or comes to rest, mechanically reinforced correspondingly, whereby a widening of the fork end of the two-armed drive lever 15 is difficult by knocking or rubbing.

Claims (7)

1. Electrical switching device having a guide portion (10) comprising a first switch contact piece (1) and a second switch contact piece (2), wherein at least the first switch contact piece (1) is connected to an actuating unit (6) by way of a kinematic linkage for the purpose of generating a relative movement of the switch contact pieces (1, 2) with respect to one another and its guide portion (10) is guided in a displaceable manner along a guide path (9),
   characterized in that
   the guide portion (10) and the guide path (9) are part of a rotate and slide joint that is connected to the kinematic linkage and in that the guide portion (10) comprises a contact surface (12) that lies on the guide path (9) and the guide path (9) comprises a contact surface (12) that lies on the guide portion (10), wherein at least one of the contact surfaces (12) is curved in a convex manner.
2. Electrical switching device according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that
   one of the contact surfaces (12) is embodied in a planar manner.
3. Electrical switching device according to any one of Claims 1 to 2,
   characterized in that
   the first switch contact piece (1) comprises a sliding-block guide (13) and an entraining element (14) of the kinematic linkage engages in said sliding-block guide, wherein the entraining element (14) comprises a planar contact surface (12) that lies against a flank of the sliding-block guide (13).
4. Electrical switching device according to any one of Claims 1 to 2,
   characterized in that
   the first switch contact piece (1) comprises a sliding-block guide (13) and an entraining element (14) of the kinematic linkage engages in said sliding-block guide, wherein the entraining element (14) comprises a spherically curved surface that is guided in the sliding-block guide (13).
5. Electrical switching device according to Claim 3 or 4
   characterized in that
   the entraining element (14) is mounted in a rotatable manner on an in particular pivotable actuating lever (15).
6. Electrical switching device according to Claim 5,
   characterized in that
   the entraining element (14) enclosed by an abrasion-proof bushing (23) is mounted in a rotatable manner.
7. Electrical switching device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   at least one contact surface is provided with an abrasion-proof insert.

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