EP2787177A1 - Axial fluid flow engine and method of assembly - Google Patents
Axial fluid flow engine and method of assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2787177A1 EP2787177A1 EP13161909.0A EP13161909A EP2787177A1 EP 2787177 A1 EP2787177 A1 EP 2787177A1 EP 13161909 A EP13161909 A EP 13161909A EP 2787177 A1 EP2787177 A1 EP 2787177A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- segment
- inner ring
- seal carrier
- segments
- spreading
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
- F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
Definitions
- the invention relates to an axial flow machine, a use of the axial flow machine and a method for mounting the axial flow machine.
- Axial flow machines are known from the prior art, in which adjustable guide vanes are fastened by means of bushes in openings of a segmented inner ring. Attached to the inner ring is also a segmented seal carrier which seals the vane channels from a rotor, e.g. by means of a honeycomb structure present on the seal carrier.
- the DE 10 2006 024 085 A1 discloses a turbomachine with a seal carrier whose segments are pushed in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine on corresponding segments of the inner ring.
- the attachment is effected by means of a groove formed in the circumferential direction.
- this groove connection requires a clearance for the assembly, in which leaks and position inaccuracies can occur during operation.
- a turbomachine without inner ring is known in which a plurality of spring segments between the guide blade feet and segments of a seal carrier are mounted.
- the seal between the guide blade feet and the segments of the seal carrier by means of a longitudinal section of the flow machine C-shaped spring.
- the disadvantage here is that the C-shaped spring has a relatively large height in the radial direction of the turbomachine.
- the DE 10 2004 006 706 A1 also describes a turbomachine without an inner ring, are arranged in the leaf springs made of spring steel between vanes and segments of the seal carrier.
- the attachment of the seal carrier to the vanes is done by means of wire segments.
- difficulties could arise in mounting a longer leaf spring over the circumference of a larger segment.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an axial flow machine, are prevented in the leaks between an inner ring and a seal carrier while a simple assembly is possible.
- an axial flow machine comprising a stator with adjustable guide vanes, wherein inner pins of the guide vanes are accommodated by bushes in an inner ring which is divided in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine into at least two segments and in one piece in the axial direction of the turbomachine , and wherein a seal carrier, which is divided into segments, is mounted on the inner ring.
- the seal carrier is clamped to the inner ring by means of a spreader which is divided into segments and has an elongated arc length with respect to the respective segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier, and a segment of the spreader comprises at least one spreader with spreaders aligned along the circumferential direction and are also spaced apart along the circumferential direction and protrude outwardly from the expansion band in the radial direction of the turbomachine.
- This arrangement has the advantage that the spreading elements projecting from the spreading band can generate a spring tension between the segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier, the spreading device being stable and easy to assemble due to its structure.
- each segment of the inner ring and a segment of the seal carrier are sealed over the entire arc length.
- the arrangement is also easy to interpret and inexpensive.
- the accuracy of positioning the segments of the inner ring on the segments of the seal carrier is also improved.
- the expansion band at least in a middle section in the axial direction of the turbomachine, has a continuous shape along the circumferential direction, and the spreading elements are formed integrally with the expansion band.
- This special structure of the spreader offers a particularly good stability and manufacturability.
- the spreader comprises at least one spreader on which the spreader elements are arranged in the form of sprung sections which engage in the assembly of the segment of the seal carrier in pockets of the segment of the inner ring and after assembly of the segment of the seal carrier outside the Bags in the radial direction of the turbomachine by spring tension on the segment of the inner ring abut.
- the spreading device can be clamped in a controlled manner during a defined assembly step.
- the spreading elements are designed as tabs, which are arranged on both sides of the expansion band in the axial direction of the turbomachine.
- the tabs are an easily manufactured means by which the expansion stress can be generated safely.
- the segment of the spreading device comprises two parallel expansion bands, which are guided in the axial direction of the turbomachine.
- the split into two spreader strips saves weight and allows controlled clamping of the segment of the inner ring with the segment of the seal carrier in one or two steps.
- the spreading elements are formed as arcuate portions of the expansion bands. The arcuate portions allow a good flow of force within the spreader and produce a secure spring tension.
- the length of the individual pockets may increase or decrease along the circumferential direction, allowing for sequential tensioning.
- the sequential tensioning reduces the temporary force required during assembly.
- downstream in the axial direction pockets and the associated spreading elements are arranged offset from the upstream pockets and the associated expansion elements.
- the staggered arrangement allows a clamping, in which a smaller distance between the individual stress points is achieved on the expansion elements in the circumferential direction.
- each extended relative to the segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier segment of the spreading at least one Anlagenende, at least partially separable after the clamping of the segment of the seal carrier, umbiegbar on the segment of the inner ring and in at least one associated recess is retractable in the segment of the inner ring.
- the Switzerlandende is an assembly tool that can be shortened after assembly, so that only a part of the Switzerlandendes remains, by means of which the spreader is secured to the inner ring. The separation and bending of the remaining part of the train end is easy to carry out.
- the segment of the spreading device is formed from sheet metal material.
- the axial flow machine as a compressor in a gas turbine, in particular in a jet engine.
- a seal especially important to minimize flow losses due to leaks and thus efficiency losses.
- each one segment of the seal carrier is mounted in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine on an associated segment of the inner ring.
- the segment of the seal carrier is clamped by means of an associated segment of the spreader on the segment of the inner ring, wherein the segment of the spreader moves after mounting the segment of the seal carrier on the segment of the inner ring from a substantially stress-free first mounting state in a second mounting state, in which by means of Segments of the spreader a spring tension between the segment of the inner ring and the segment of the seal carrier is generated.
- This mounting method allows controlled by the first mounting state and the second mounting state of each segment of the spreading a controlled distortion of the segments of the inner ring with the segments of the seal carrier.
- the pockets and the spreading elements cooperate in such a way that, in the above-mentioned first assembly state, the spreading elements protrude into the pockets and bear against the segment of the inner ring in the abovementioned second assembly state outside the pockets.
- the mechanism is safe to use and reliable.
- the use of the Switzerlandendes allows easy installation and a secure operation of the spreader.
- the spreading elements are stretched sequentially due to the movement of the segment of the spreading device.
- Fig. 1 shows a segment of the stator of an axial flow machine not otherwise shown.
- the stator comprises a plurality of adjustable guide vanes 1a, whose in Fig. 1 not visible pins are mounted by means of sockets 2 in a segment 3 of an inner ring not shown in its entirety.
- the guide vanes 1a are basically also without sockets 2 in the inner ring storable.
- a segment 4 of a seal carrier not shown in its entirety is in Fig. 1 partially shown pushed onto the segment 3 of the inner ring. Also in the following figures, only the segments 3, 4, and 5 are shown without the associated entirety of the inner ring, the seal carrier and the spreader.
- the inner ring according to Fig. 1 has a plurality, at its in the radial direction of the axial flow machine inside page in the circumferential direction u arranged, elongated pockets.
- the pockets 3a, 3b, 3c are shown here.
- Two pockets 3a, 3b, 3c are arranged in the circumferential direction u on both sides of the inner ring, but the associated pockets 3a, 3b, 3c are each offset from one another.
- the length of the pockets 3a, 3b, 3c increases in the circumferential direction u of the axial flow machine. That is, the pocket 3a is shorter than the pocket 3b, and the pocket 3b is shorter than the pocket 3c.
- the mating pockets 3a, 3b, 3c can not be arranged offset to one another and / or have an equal extent in the circumferential direction and thus be the same length.
- a first exemplary embodiment of a segment 5 of a spreading device which serves to clamp the segment 4 of the seal carrier on the segment 3 of the inner ring.
- the segment 5 of the spreading device comprises a spreading belt 5b with a plurality of lugs 5c arranged on both sides as spreading elements.
- three tabs 5c are shown here on each side.
- the mating tabs 5c are each offset according to the pockets 3a, 3b, 3c. Of course, the mating tabs 5c can not be arranged offset to one another.
- the tabs 5c are spaced from each other in the circumferential direction u and are all in the same direction, namely towards the inner ring, angularly away from the spreader 5b.
- the tabs 5c are made in one piece with the expansion band 5c.
- the spreader 5b has a tension end 5f comprising a first part 5g and a second part 5h.
- the part 5g is used to apply a tensile force and is separated after positioning on the segment 3 of the inner ring.
- the part 5h is used after the separation of the first part 5g for securing the segment 5 of the spreader on the inner ring.
- Fig. 2a is a section around a tab 5c shown in a first mounting state of the segment 5 of the spreading device.
- the expansion band 5b is located between the segment 3 of the inner ring and the segment 4 of the seal carrier.
- the tab 5c of the segment 5 of the spreading device protrudes into the pocket 3a of the segment 3 of the inner ring. For clamping the segment 5 of the spreader is pulled along the circumferential direction u.
- the Fig. 2b shows a section around a tab 5c in a second mounting state of the segment 5 of the spreader. After pulling the segment 5 of the spreading device along the circumferential direction u, the tab 5c is located outside the pocket 3a of the segment 3 of the inner ring. The attached to the expansion band 5b tab 5c is now stretched between the segment 3 of the inner ring and the segment 4 of the seal carrier.
- the Fig. 3 represents a segment 3 of the inner ring with an adjustable guide blade 1a and a second exemplary embodiment of a segment 5 of a spreading device of the axial flow machine according to the invention.
- the segment 5 of the spreading device here comprises two expansion bands 5d, which are arranged in the circumferential direction u parallel to each other.
- Each expansion band 5d comprises a plurality of arcuate portions 5e as spreading elements, which are each spaced apart in the circumferential direction u and which protrude from the spreader ribbons 5d in the direction of the segment 3 of the inner ring.
- the expansion bands 5 d each have a tension end 5 f, which projects beyond the end of the segment 3 of the inner ring.
- the segment 3 of the inner ring has several pockets in the circumferential direction u, of which two pockets 3a, 3b are shown here by way of example.
- the length of the pockets 3a, 3b decreases in the circumferential direction u, ie the pocket 3a is shorter than the pocket 3b.
- the arcuate portions 5e are arranged in the pockets 3a, 3b.
- the Fig. 3a represents in a section of the segment 1 of the stator after assembly of the segment 4 of the seal carrier on the segment 3 of the inner ring by means of the segment 5 of the spreading. Of the segment 5 of the spreading only the Glasenden 5f are visible, in the circumferential direction u on the segment 3 of the inner ring and beyond the segment 4 of the seal carrier protrude.
- the segment 3 of the inner ring carries by way of example an adjustable guide blade 1a.
- the segment 3 of the inner ring has at its illustrated end two provided for the Werenden 5 f depressions 3d.
- Fig. 3b is shown in the radial direction of the axial flow machine side of the segment 3 of the inner ring. Visible here are the depressions 3d and the sockets 2, which guide the adjustable guide vanes, not shown here.
- the bushings 2 have parallel flattened portions 2a extending in the circumferential direction u, which guide the spreading bands 5d between the segment 3 of the inner ring and the segment 4 of the seal carrier (in FIG Fig. 3b not shown).
- Fig. 3c shows the segment 3 of the inner ring, which exemplarily carries an adjustable guide blade 1a.
- the segment 5 of the spreading device is shown in the fully assembled state, ie the second parts 5h of the tension ends 5f of the expansion bands 5d are bent over and accommodated in the depressions 3d of the segment 3 of the inner ring.
- the arcuate sections 5e of the segment 5 of the spreading device are located outside the pockets 3a, 3b of different length. Actually, this mounting state is reached with bent second parts 5h of the tension ends 5f only after the segment 4 of the seal carrier is mounted. However, this is not shown here, so that the position of the segment 5 of the spreader is better visible.
- Fig. 3d shows the same end of segment 1 of the stator as in Fig.
- Fig. 4 is a 180 ° segment 3 of an inner ring shown, are attached to the three adjustable vanes 1a representative of the entirety of the blading.
- segment 3 of the inner ring are two 90 ° segments 5 of the spreader on.
- the segments 5 of the spreading device in the direction of the arrows z, which indicate the pulling direction, in the space between the segment 3 of the inner ring and the or the segments of the seal carrier along the Circumferential direction u moves.
- the segments 5 of the spreading device can according to the Fig. 2 to 2b or the Fig. 3 to 3d be executed.
- Fig. 5 shows a section through the assembled arrangement of a segment 3 of the inner ring with an adjustable guide blade 1a, the pin 1b is mounted by means of a sleeve 2 in the inner ring, a segment 4 of the seal carrier and two Sp Dahlb Sn according to the Fig. 3 to 3d ,
- the section lies in a plane of a longitudinal section of an axial flow machine not shown here.
- the segment 4 of the seal carrier is mounted in the circumferential direction on the segment 3 of the inner ring.
- the invention relates to an axial flow machine comprising a stator with adjustable vanes, wherein inner pins of the vanes are housed by bushes in an inner ring which is divided in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine into at least two segments and in the axial direction of the turbomachine integral, and wherein a seal carrier, which is divided into segments, mounted on the inner ring.
- the seal carrier is clamped to the inner ring by means of a spreader, which is divided into segments and with respect to the associated segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier has an extended arc length and a segment of the spreader comprises at least one spreader with spreaders aligned along the circumferential direction and also spaced apart along the circumferential direction and extending outwardly from the spreader in the radial direction of the turbomachine.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine axiale Strömungsmaschine, die einen Stator mit verstellbaren Leitschaufeln (1a) umfasst, wobei innere Zapfen (1b)der Leitschaufeln mittels Buchsen (2) in einem Innenring aufgenommen sind, der in Umfangrichtung der Strömungsmaschine in mindestens zwei Segmente (3) aufgeteilt und in axialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine einstückig ist, und wobei ein Dichtungsträger, der in Segmente (4) aufgeteilt ist, an dem Innenring montiert. Um Undichtigkeiten zwischen einem Innenring und einem Dichtungsträger zu verhindern und gleichzeitig eine einfache Montage zu ermöglichen, ist der Dichtungsträger mit dem Innenring mittels einer Spreizeinrichtung verspannt, die in Segmente () aufgeteilt ist und gegenüber den zugehörigen Segmenten des Innenrings und den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers eine verlängerte Bogenlänge aufweist, und ein Segment der Spreizeinrichtung mindestens ein Spreizband (5a, 5b) mit Spreizelementen umfasst, die entlang der Umfangsrichtung ausgerichtet und ebenfalls entlang der Umfangsrichtung voneinander beabstandet sind und vom dem Spreizband aus in radialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine nach außen abstehen.The invention relates to an axial flow machine comprising a stator with adjustable guide vanes (1a), wherein inner vanes (1b) of the guide vanes are accommodated by bushes (2) in an inner ring, which in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine into at least two segments (3 ) and is integrally formed in the axial direction of the turbomachine, and wherein a seal carrier, which is divided into segments (4) mounted on the inner ring. In order to prevent leaks between an inner ring and a seal carrier and at the same time to allow easy mounting, the seal carrier is braced with the inner ring by means of a spreader which is divided into segments (12) and elongated with respect to the respective segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier Arc length, and a segment of the spreader comprises at least one spreader (5a, 5b) with spreading elements which are aligned along the circumferential direction and also spaced along the circumferential direction and projecting from the spreader in the radial direction of the turbomachine to the outside.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine axiale Strömungsmaschine, eine Verwendung der axialen Strömungsmaschine und ein Verfahren zur Montage der axialen Strömungsmaschine.The invention relates to an axial flow machine, a use of the axial flow machine and a method for mounting the axial flow machine.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind axiale Strömungsmaschinen bekannt, bei denen verstellbare Leitschaufeln mittels Buchsen in Öffnungen eines segmentierten Innenrings befestigt sind. An dem Innenring ist ein ebenfalls segmentierter Dichtungsträger befestigt, der die Leitschaufelkanäle gegenüber einem Rotor abdichtet, z.B. mittels einer am Dichtungsträger vorhandenen Wabenstruktur.Axial flow machines are known from the prior art, in which adjustable guide vanes are fastened by means of bushes in openings of a segmented inner ring. Attached to the inner ring is also a segmented seal carrier which seals the vane channels from a rotor, e.g. by means of a honeycomb structure present on the seal carrier.
Die
Aus der
Die
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer axialen Strömungsmaschine nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weiterhin wird die Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren zur Montage der axialen Strömungsmaschine nach Anspruch 12 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.This object is achieved with an axial flow machine according to
Erfindungsgemäß besteht die Lösung der Aufgabe in einer axialen Strömungsmaschine, die einen Stator mit verstellbaren Leitschaufeln umfasst, wobei innere Zapfen der Leitschaufeln mittels Buchsen in einem Innenring aufgenommen sind, der in Umfangrichtung der Strömungsmaschine in mindestens zwei Segmente aufgeteilt und in axialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine einstückig ist, und wobei ein Dichtungsträger, der in Segmente aufgeteilt ist, an dem Innenring montiert ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved in an axial flow machine comprising a stator with adjustable guide vanes, wherein inner pins of the guide vanes are accommodated by bushes in an inner ring which is divided in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine into at least two segments and in one piece in the axial direction of the turbomachine , and wherein a seal carrier, which is divided into segments, is mounted on the inner ring.
Der Dichtungsträger ist mit dem Innenring mittels einer Spreizeinrichtung verspannt, die in Segmente aufgeteilt ist und gegenüber den zugehörigen Segmenten des Innenrings und den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers eine verlängerte Bogenlänge aufweist, und ein Segment der Spreizeinrichtung umfasst mindestens ein Spreizband mit Spreizelementen, die entlang der Umfangsrichtung ausgerichtet und ebenfalls entlang der Umfangsrichtung voneinander beabstandet sind und vom dem Spreizband aus in radialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine nach außen abstehen.The seal carrier is clamped to the inner ring by means of a spreader which is divided into segments and has an elongated arc length with respect to the respective segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier, and a segment of the spreader comprises at least one spreader with spreaders aligned along the circumferential direction and are also spaced apart along the circumferential direction and protrude outwardly from the expansion band in the radial direction of the turbomachine.
Diese Anordnung bietet den Vorteil, dass die vom Spreizband abstehenden Spreizelemente eine Federspannung zwischen den Segmenten des Innenrings und den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers erzeugen können, wobei die Spreizeinrichtung aufgrund ihrer Struktur auch stabil und einfach zu montieren ist. Außerdem werden jeweils ein Segment des Innenrings und ein Segment des Dichtungsträgers über die gesamte Bogenlänge abgedichtet.This arrangement has the advantage that the spreading elements projecting from the spreading band can generate a spring tension between the segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier, the spreading device being stable and easy to assemble due to its structure. In addition, each segment of the inner ring and a segment of the seal carrier are sealed over the entire arc length.
Die Anordnung ist außerdem einfach auslegbar und kostengünstig. Die Genauigkeit der Positionierung der Segmente des Innenrings an den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers wird ebenfalls verbessert.The arrangement is also easy to interpret and inexpensive. The accuracy of positioning the segments of the inner ring on the segments of the seal carrier is also improved.
Insbesondere weist das Spreizband zumindest in einem in axialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine mittleren Abschnitt eine durchgehende Form entlang der Umfangsrichtung auf, und die Spreizelemente sind einstückig mit dem Spreizband ausgebildet.In particular, the expansion band, at least in a middle section in the axial direction of the turbomachine, has a continuous shape along the circumferential direction, and the spreading elements are formed integrally with the expansion band.
Diese spezielle Struktur der Spreizeinrichtung bietet eine besonders gute Stabilität und Herstellbarkeit.This special structure of the spreader offers a particularly good stability and manufacturability.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst die Spreizeinrichtung mindestens ein Spreizband, an dem die Spreizelemente in Form von gefederten Abschnitten angeordnet sind, die bei der Montage des Segments des Dichtungsträgers in Taschen des Segments des Innenrings eingreifen und nach der Montage des Segments des Dichtungsträgers außerhalb der Taschen in radialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine durch Federspannung am Segment des Innenrings anliegen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the spreader comprises at least one spreader on which the spreader elements are arranged in the form of sprung sections which engage in the assembly of the segment of the seal carrier in pockets of the segment of the inner ring and after assembly of the segment of the seal carrier outside the Bags in the radial direction of the turbomachine by spring tension on the segment of the inner ring abut.
Durch das Zusammenwirken von Taschen und Spreizelementen ist die Spreizeinrichtung bei einem definierten Montageschritt kontrolliert verspannbar.Due to the interaction of pockets and spreading elements, the spreading device can be clamped in a controlled manner during a defined assembly step.
In einer ersten Ausführungsform sind die Spreizelemente als Laschen ausgebildet, die in axialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine beidseitig am Spreizband angeordnet sind. Die Laschen sind ein einfach herstellbares Mittel, mit dem die Spreizspannung sicher erzeugt werden kann.In a first embodiment, the spreading elements are designed as tabs, which are arranged on both sides of the expansion band in the axial direction of the turbomachine. The tabs are an easily manufactured means by which the expansion stress can be generated safely.
In einer zweiten Ausführungsform umfasst das Segment der Spreizeinrichtung zwei parallele Spreizbänder, die in axialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine geführt sind. Die Aufteilung in zwei Spreizbänder spart Gewicht und ermöglicht ein kontrolliertes Verspannen des Segments des Innenrings mit dem Segment des Dichtungsträgers in einem oder in zwei Schritten. Vorzugsweise sind die Spreizelemente als bogenförmige Abschnitte der Spreizbänder ausgebildet. Die bogenförmigen Abschnitte ermöglichen einen guten Kraftfluss innerhalb der Spreizeinrichtung und erzeugen eine sichere Federspannung.In a second embodiment, the segment of the spreading device comprises two parallel expansion bands, which are guided in the axial direction of the turbomachine. The split into two spreader strips saves weight and allows controlled clamping of the segment of the inner ring with the segment of the seal carrier in one or two steps. Preferably, the spreading elements are formed as arcuate portions of the expansion bands. The arcuate portions allow a good flow of force within the spreader and produce a secure spring tension.
Die Länge der einzelnen Taschen kann entlang der Umfangsrichtung zunehmen oder abnehmen, so dass eine sequentielle Verspannung ermöglicht wird. Durch die sequentielle Verspannung wird der temporäre Kraftaufwand bei der Montage reduziert.The length of the individual pockets may increase or decrease along the circumferential direction, allowing for sequential tensioning. The sequential tensioning reduces the temporary force required during assembly.
Insbesondere sind die in der axialen Richtung stromabwärtigen Taschen sowie die zugehörigen Spreizelemente versetzt gegenüber den stromaufwärtigen Taschen und den zugehörigen Spreizelementen angeordnet. Die versetzte Anordnung ermöglicht ein Verspannen, bei dem in der Umfangsrichtung ein geringerer Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Verspannungsstellen an den Spreizelementen erzielt wird.In particular, the downstream in the axial direction pockets and the associated spreading elements are arranged offset from the upstream pockets and the associated expansion elements. The staggered arrangement allows a clamping, in which a smaller distance between the individual stress points is achieved on the expansion elements in the circumferential direction.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung bildet jedes gegenüber den Segmenten des Innenrings und den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers verlängerte Segment der Spreizeinrichtung mindestens ein Zugende aus, das nach dem Verspannen des Segments des Dichtungsträgers zumindest teilweise abtrennbar, am Segment des Innenrings umbiegbar und in mindestens eine zugehörigen Vertiefung im Segment des Innenrings versenkbar ist.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, each extended relative to the segments of the inner ring and the segments of the seal carrier segment of the spreading at least one Zugende, at least partially separable after the clamping of the segment of the seal carrier, umbiegbar on the segment of the inner ring and in at least one associated recess is retractable in the segment of the inner ring.
Das Zugende ist ein Montagehilfsmittel, das nach der Montage gekürzt werden kann, so dass nur noch ein Teil des Zugendes übrig bleibt, mittels dessen die Spreizeinrichtung am Innenring gesichert wird. Das Abtrennen und Umbiegen des übrigbleibenden Teils des Zugendes ist einfach durchführbar.The Zugende is an assembly tool that can be shortened after assembly, so that only a part of the Zugendes remains, by means of which the spreader is secured to the inner ring. The separation and bending of the remaining part of the train end is easy to carry out.
In einer weiteren speziellen Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Segment der Spreizeinrichtung aus Blechmaterial geformt. Somit ist die Spreizeinrichtung in wenigen Schritten und aus einem gängigen Material herstellbar, so dass insgesamt auch eine kostengünstige Fertigung möglich ist.In a further specific development of the invention, the segment of the spreading device is formed from sheet metal material. Thus, the spreader is produced in a few steps and from a common material, so that overall a cost-effective production is possible.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung der axialen Strömungsmaschine als Verdichter in einer Gasturbine, insbesondere in einem Strahltriebwerk. In einem solchen Verdichter ist eine Abdichtung besonders wichtig, um Strömungsverluste durch Leckagen und damit Wirkungsgradverluste zu minimieren.Particularly advantageous is the use of the axial flow machine as a compressor in a gas turbine, in particular in a jet engine. In such a compressor is a seal especially important to minimize flow losses due to leaks and thus efficiency losses.
Weiterhin besteht die Lösung der Aufgabe in einem Verfahren zur Montage der axialen Strömungsmaschine, wobei je ein Segment des Dichtungsträgers in Umfangsrichtung der Strömungsmaschine an einem zugehörigen Segment des Innenrings montiert wird. Das Segment des Dichtungsträgers wird mittels eines zugehörigen Segments der Spreizeinrichtung an dem Segment des Innenrings verspannt, wobei das Segment der Spreizeinrichtung nach Montage des Segments des Dichtungsträgers am Segment des Innenrings aus einem im wesentlichen spannungsfreien ersten Montagezustand in einen zweiten Montagezustand bewegt, bei dem mittels des Segments der Spreizeinrichtung eine Federspannung zwischen dem Segment des Innenrings und dem Segment des Dichtungsträgers erzeugt wird.Furthermore, the solution of the problem in a method for mounting the axial flow machine, wherein each one segment of the seal carrier is mounted in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine on an associated segment of the inner ring. The segment of the seal carrier is clamped by means of an associated segment of the spreader on the segment of the inner ring, wherein the segment of the spreader moves after mounting the segment of the seal carrier on the segment of the inner ring from a substantially stress-free first mounting state in a second mounting state, in which by means of Segments of the spreader a spring tension between the segment of the inner ring and the segment of the seal carrier is generated.
Dieses Montageverfahren ermöglicht durch den ersten Montagezustand und den zweiten Montagezustand jedes Segments der Spreizeinrichtung ein kontrolliertes Verspannen der Segmente des Innenrings mit den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers.This mounting method allows controlled by the first mounting state and the second mounting state of each segment of the spreading a controlled distortion of the segments of the inner ring with the segments of the seal carrier.
In einer besonderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst das Verfahren zur Montage der axialen Strömungsmaschine die folgenden Schritte:
- a) Anlegen eines Segments der Spreizeinrichtung am zugehörigen Segment des Innenrings, wobei die Spreizelemente des Segments der Spreizeinrichtung in die Taschen hineinragen,
- b) Montage eines Segments des Dichtungsträgers am zugehörigen Segment des Innenrings in Umfangrichtung der Strömungsmaschine,
- c) Bewegen des Segments der Spreizeinrichtung in Umfangsrichtung der Strömungsmaschine durch Ziehen am Zugende, wobei die Spreizelemente aus den Taschen herausbewegt werden und mittels Federkraft das Segment des Dichtungsträgers gegenüber dem Segment des Innenrings verspannen,
- d) Abschneiden eines ersten Teils des Zugendes,
- e) Umbiegen und Unterbringen eines verbleibenden zweiten Teils des Zugendes in der zugehörigen Vertiefung am Segment des Innenrings,
- f) Wiederholen der Schritte a) bis e) für die weiteren jeweils zusammengehörigen Segmente eines Innenrings, eines Dichtungsträgers und einer Spreizeinrichtung.
- a) applying a segment of the spreading device to the associated segment of the inner ring, the spreading elements of the segment of the spreading device projecting into the pockets,
- b) mounting a segment of the seal carrier on the associated segment of the inner ring in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine,
- c) moving the segment of the spreading device in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine by pulling at the end of the draw, wherein the spreading elements are moved out of the pockets and clamp by means of spring force the segment of the seal carrier relative to the segment of the inner ring,
- d) cutting off a first part of the train end,
- e) bending and accommodating a remaining second part of the tension end in the associated recess on the segment of the inner ring,
- f) repeating steps a) to e) for the further respectively associated segments of an inner ring, a seal carrier and a spreading device.
Die Taschen und die Spreizelemente wirken derart zusammen, dass im oben genannten ersten Montagezustand die Spreizelemente in die Taschen hineinragen und im oben genannten zweiten Montagezustand außerhalb der Taschen an dem Segment des Innenrings anliegen. Durch das Anliegen wird in der Spreizeinrichtung die Federkraft erzeugt. Der Mechanismus ist bediensicher und zuverlässig. Der Einsatz des Zugendes ermöglicht eine einfache Montage und ein betriebsfestes Sichern der Spreizeinrichtung.The pockets and the spreading elements cooperate in such a way that, in the above-mentioned first assembly state, the spreading elements protrude into the pockets and bear against the segment of the inner ring in the abovementioned second assembly state outside the pockets. By concerns the spring force is generated in the spreader. The mechanism is safe to use and reliable. The use of the Zugendes allows easy installation and a secure operation of the spreader.
Insbesondere werden bei zunehmender oder abnehmender Länge der Taschen die Spreizelemente aufgrund des Bewegens des Segments der Spreizeinrichtung sequentiell gespannt.In particular, with increasing or decreasing length of the pockets, the spreading elements are stretched sequentially due to the movement of the segment of the spreading device.
Im Folgenden werden 2 Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand von 11 Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine teilweise perspektivische Ansicht eines Segments des Stators einer erfindungsgemäßen axialen Strömungsmaschine,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht einer Spreizeinrichtung der axialen Strömungsmaschine,
- Fig. 2a
- einen Teilschnitt entlang der Umfangsrichtung der axialen Strömungsmaschine bei einem ersten Montagezustand der Spreizeinrichtung,
- Fig. 2b
- einen Teilschnitt entlang der Umfangsrichtung der axialen Strömungsmaschine bei einem zweiten Montagezustand der Spreizeinrichtung,
- Fig. 3
- eine teilweise perspektivische Ansicht eines Segments eines Innenrings mit einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Spreizeinrichtung,
- Fig. 3a
- eine teilweise perspektivische Ansicht eines Endes eines Segments des Stators mit der alternativen Ausführungsform der Spreizeinrichtung,
- Fig. 3b
- eine teilweise perspektivische Innenansicht des Innenrings in radialer Richtung der axialen Strömungsmaschine,
- Fig. 3c
- eine teilweise perspektivische Ansicht des Segments des Innenrings mit der alternativen Ausführungsform der Spreizeinrichtung nach abgeschlossener Montage ohne Darstellung des Dichtungsträgers,
- Fig. 3d
- eine teilweise perspektivische Ansicht des Statorsegments mit der alternativen Ausführungsform der Spreizeinrichtung nach abgeschlossener Montage,
- Fig. 4
- eine Ansicht eines Innenrings mit zwei Segmenten der Spreizeinrichtung in einer axialen Richtung der axialen Strömungsmaschine, und
- Fig. 5
- eine teilweise Schnittansicht durch den Stator in Längsrichtung der axialen Strömungsmaschine.
- Fig. 1
- a partial perspective view of a segment of the stator of an axial flow machine according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a schematic perspective view of a spreading device of the axial flow machine,
- Fig. 2a
- a partial section along the circumferential direction of the axial flow machine in a first mounting state of the spreader,
- Fig. 2b
- a partial section along the circumferential direction of the axial flow machine in a second mounting state of the spreading,
- Fig. 3
- a partial perspective view of a segment of an inner ring with an alternative embodiment of the spreader,
- Fig. 3a
- a partial perspective view of one end of a segment of the stator with the alternative embodiment of the spreader,
- Fig. 3b
- a partial perspective internal view of the inner ring in the radial direction of the axial flow machine,
- Fig. 3c
- a partial perspective view of the segment of the inner ring with the alternative embodiment of the spreading device after completion of assembly without representation of the seal carrier,
- Fig. 3d
- a partial perspective view of the stator with the alternative embodiment of the spreader after completion of assembly,
- Fig. 4
- a view of an inner ring with two segments of the spreader in an axial direction of the axial flow machine, and
- Fig. 5
- a partial sectional view through the stator in the longitudinal direction of the axial flow machine.
Der Innenring gemäß
In
In
Die
Die
Die
In
In
Bei der Montage der beiden alternativen Ausführungsformen der Spreizeinrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen axialen Strömungsmaschine gemäß den obigen Figuren laufen mit Bezug auf die Figuren folgende Schritte ab:
- a) Anlegen eines Segments der Spreizeinrichtung am zugehörigen Segment des Innenrings, wobei die Spreizelemente der Spreizeinrichtung in die Taschen hineinragen (
Fig. 3 ), - b) Montage eines Segments des Dichtungsträgers am zugehörigen Segment des Innenrings in Umfangrichtung der Strömungsmaschine (
Fig. 3a ), - c) Bewegen der Spreizeinrichtung in Umfangsrichtung der Strömungsmaschine durch Ziehen am Zugende, wobei die Spreizelemente aus den Taschen herausbewegt werden und mittels Federkraft das Segment des Dichtungsträgers gegenüber dem Segment des Innenrings verspannen (
Fig. 2a, 2b, 3 ,3c ,4 ), - d) Abschneiden eines ersten Teils des Zugendes,
- e) Umbiegen und Unterbringen eines verbleibenden zweiten Teils des Zugendes in der zugehörigen Vertiefung am Innenring (
Fig. 3c, 3d ), - f) Wiederholen der Schritte a) bis e) für die weiteren jeweils zusammengehörigen Segmente eines Innenrings, eines Dichtungsträgers und einer Spreizeinrichtung.
- a) applying a segment of the spreading device to the associated segment of the inner ring, wherein the spreading elements of the spreading device protrude into the pockets (
Fig. 3 ) - b) mounting a segment of the seal carrier on the associated segment of the inner ring in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine (
Fig. 3a ) - c) moving the spreading device in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine by pulling at the end of the pull, wherein the spreading elements are moved out of the pockets and clamp by spring force the segment of the seal carrier relative to the segment of the inner ring (
Fig. 2a, 2b, 3rd .3c .4 ) - d) cutting off a first part of the train end,
- e) bending and accommodating a remaining second part of the traction end in the associated recess on the inner ring (
Fig. 3c, 3d ) - f) repeating steps a) to e) for the further respectively associated segments of an inner ring, a seal carrier and a spreading device.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine axiale Strömungsmaschine, die einen Stator mit verstellbaren Leitschaufeln umfasst, wobei innere Zapfen der Leitschaufeln mittels Buchsen in einem Innenring aufgenommen sind, der in Umfangrichtung der Strömungsmaschine in mindestens zwei Segmente aufgeteilt und in axialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine einstückig ist, und wobei ein Dichtungsträger, der in Segmente aufgeteilt ist, an dem Innenring montiert.The invention relates to an axial flow machine comprising a stator with adjustable vanes, wherein inner pins of the vanes are housed by bushes in an inner ring which is divided in the circumferential direction of the turbomachine into at least two segments and in the axial direction of the turbomachine integral, and wherein a seal carrier, which is divided into segments, mounted on the inner ring.
Um Undichtigkeiten zwischen einem Innenring und einem Dichtungsträger zu verhindern und gleichzeitig eine einfache Montage zu ermöglichen, ist der Dichtungsträger mit dem Innenring mittels einer Spreizeinrichtung verspannt, die in Segmente aufgeteilt ist und gegenüber den zugehörigen Segmenten des Innenrings und den Segmenten des Dichtungsträgers eine verlängerte Bogenlänge aufweist, und ein Segment der Spreizeinrichtung mindestens ein Spreizband mit Spreizelementen umfasst, die entlang der Umfangsrichtung ausgerichtet und ebenfalls entlang der Umfangsrichtung voneinander beabstandet sind und vom dem Spreizband aus in radialer Richtung der Strömungsmaschine nach außen abstehen.
Claims (14)
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EP13161909.0A EP2787177B1 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2013-04-02 | Axial fluid flow engine and method of assembly |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2018041555A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Seal segment for a turbine, assembly for externally delimiting a flow path of a turbine, and stator/rotor seal |
DE102017211316A1 (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-10 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Turbomachinery sealing ring |
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DE3917937A1 (en) | 1988-06-02 | 1989-12-07 | United Technologies Corp | STATOR ASSEMBLY FOR AN AXIAL FLOW MACHINE |
EP0696675A1 (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1996-02-14 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" | Assembly device for a circular row of variable guide vanes |
EP1205639A1 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-05-15 | General Electric Company | Inner shroud retaining system for variable stator vanes |
DE102004006706A1 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2005-08-25 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Damping arrangement for vanes, especially for vanes of a gas turbine or aircraft engine, comprises a spring element in the form of a leaf spring arranged between an inner shroud of the vanes and a seal support |
EP1586744A2 (en) * | 2004-04-14 | 2005-10-19 | General Electric Company | Variable vane assembly for a gas turbine engine |
DE102006024085A1 (en) | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Turbo compressor in axial design |
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2013
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DE3917937A1 (en) | 1988-06-02 | 1989-12-07 | United Technologies Corp | STATOR ASSEMBLY FOR AN AXIAL FLOW MACHINE |
EP0696675A1 (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1996-02-14 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" | Assembly device for a circular row of variable guide vanes |
EP1205639A1 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-05-15 | General Electric Company | Inner shroud retaining system for variable stator vanes |
DE102004006706A1 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2005-08-25 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Damping arrangement for vanes, especially for vanes of a gas turbine or aircraft engine, comprises a spring element in the form of a leaf spring arranged between an inner shroud of the vanes and a seal support |
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WO2018041555A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Seal segment for a turbine, assembly for externally delimiting a flow path of a turbine, and stator/rotor seal |
US11319826B2 (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2022-05-03 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Seal segment for a turbine, assembly for externally delimiting a flow path of a turbine, and stator/rotor seal |
DE102017211316A1 (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-10 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Turbomachinery sealing ring |
US11125101B2 (en) | 2017-07-04 | 2021-09-21 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Turbomachine sealing ring |
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