EP2786596B1 - Method and device for testing a loudspeaker arrangement - Google Patents

Method and device for testing a loudspeaker arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2786596B1
EP2786596B1 EP12791789.6A EP12791789A EP2786596B1 EP 2786596 B1 EP2786596 B1 EP 2786596B1 EP 12791789 A EP12791789 A EP 12791789A EP 2786596 B1 EP2786596 B1 EP 2786596B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
duty cycle
duration
time duration
test sequence
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EP12791789.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2786596A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas LUKASCZYK
Waldemar REMPEL
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a corresponding device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement with a loudspeaker having a loudspeaker diaphragm.
  • warning systems are, for example, parking assistance systems, distance and speed warning systems, ice alert systems and / or microsleep warning systems. These warning systems mostly use acoustic signals as a warning.
  • the acoustic warning signals are output via loudspeakers intended for the special output of the warning signals.
  • Safety requirements for motor vehicles require that these speakers must be checked regularly for their functionality.
  • the EP 1 564 561 A1 describes a method and a device having the features of the preamble of patent claims 1 and 7, respectively.
  • the EP 2 355 542 A1 describes a method for monitoring a speaker output by means of a plurality of measurement frequencies, wherein the impedance at the respective measurement frequency is determined from the respective measured voltages and currents.
  • the EP 2 023 670 A1 describes a method and apparatus for detecting the malfunction of a loudspeaker. In this case, an audio signal is generated, which is applied to the speaker and a feedback signal of the speaker is evaluated.
  • the EP 0 841 570 A2 describes an automatic detection of shorted loudspeakers in an audio system of an automobile. Here it is determined whether connections of the loudspeakers are short-circuited or whether connections of the loudspeakers are incorrectly connected to the supply voltage or to ground.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to provide a method and a device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement, which makes it possible to reliably check the operability of the loudspeaker arrangement.
  • the invention is characterized by a method and a corresponding device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement with a loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker has a loudspeaker diaphragm for generating an acoustic signal.
  • the loudspeaker arrangement comprises a drive circuit for electrical control of the loudspeaker.
  • the loudspeaker is supplied via the drive circuit during a respective test sequence duration with a digital pulse test signal having a predetermined changing duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle is changing such that at the beginning of the test sequence duration, the duty cycle increases over several periods of the test sequence duration and the end the test sequence duration reduces the duty cycle over several periods of the test sequence duration.
  • a measured variable representative of a voltage dropping at a reference circuit connected in series with the loudspeaker is detected, and depending on a comparison of the measured variable with a predetermined reference value, the loudspeaker arrangement is classified as functional.
  • this allows a continuity test and a short-circuit test of the loudspeaker as well as a loudspeaker connection, for example of plugs.
  • the drive circuit for the speaker is also checked, since the speaker is controlled via the drive circuit and thus includes the test also the drive circuit with.
  • the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to check the loudspeaker arrangement with a high test depth and test safety. In comparison to monitoring circuits which are designed to test the loudspeaker only for a circuit interruption, a significantly higher test depth and test safety can be achieved with the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention enables a simple, and thus inexpensive, and reliable checking of the loudspeaker arrangement. For a check are in addition to a drive circuit, which is only designed to control the speaker in normal operation, only a few, simple electronic components necessary. Elaborate components, such as a microphone, are not required.
  • a further advantage is that the pulse duty factor can be set in such a way that the loudspeaker diaphragm of the loudspeaker is deflected in such a way that the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm and thus the impact of the loudspeaker on the pulse test signal with a human ear is imperceptible.
  • the loudspeaker arrangement can be arranged in a vehicle, for example in a motor vehicle.
  • the loudspeaker arrangement can be provided for the output of acoustic warning signals and, for example, can be signal-technically coupled to a control and / or monitoring unit of the motor vehicle by signal technology.
  • a pulse frequency of the pulse test signal is greater than a natural frequency of the speaker diaphragm.
  • this makes it possible to avoid self-oscillation of the loudspeaker diaphragm and to prevent the loudspeaker diaphragm from falling back into its rest position between two pulses.
  • the pulse frequency of the pulse test signal is greater than a maximum audible frequency of a human.
  • the maximum listening frequency of the human being is approximately 20 kHz.
  • the pulse frequency which can also be referred to as the carrier frequency of the pulse test signal, thus lies outside an audible range of the human.
  • the respective test sequence duration comprises a first time duration, a second time duration Time duration immediately following the first time duration and a third time duration immediately following the second time duration.
  • the duty cycle increases from 0% to 100%, within the second time period the duty cycle is constant 100% and during a third time duration the duty cycle decreases from 100% to 0%.
  • a speed at which the duty cycle changes during the first time period and / or the third time duration is selected such that the reciprocal of the speed represents a frequency that is less than a minimum human listening frequency.
  • the minimum human listening frequency is equal to approximately 16 Hz.
  • the rate at which the duty cycle changes during the time period and / or the third time period may also be referred to as the rate of change.
  • this makes it possible to predetermine the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm in such a way that no sound waves are generated by the loudspeaker diaphragm which are perceptible to the human ear.
  • the duty cycle is set such that the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm increases monotonically from a rest position value of the loudspeaker diaphragm to a predefined deflection value during the first time period, while the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm has the predefined deflection value during the second time duration third time period, the deflection of the predetermined deflection value monotonically drops to the rest position value.
  • the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm can thus be predetermined in such a way that higher and audible frequency components can be avoided and thus no sound waves can be generated by the loudspeaker diaphragm, which are perceptible to the human ear.
  • the duty cycle is so changing that the deflection the loudspeaker diaphragm rises from the rest position value during the first time period up to the predefined deflection value according to an increasing sin 2 function profile, during the second time period the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm has the predefined deflection value and during the third time period the deflection from the predefined deflection value to the rest position value falls off according to a decreasing sin 2- function curve.
  • FIG. 1 shows a speaker assembly (10) with a speaker (20) and a drive circuit (30) for the speaker (20) and a device (15) for checking the speaker assembly (10).
  • the device (15) comprises, for example a signal generator (50) and a measuring and evaluation device (60).
  • the signal generator (50) is designed, for example, to generate a digital pulse test signal (P) during a respective test sequence duration (TS) which has a predetermined changing duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle is preset in such a way that at the beginning of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle increases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS) and at the end of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle decreases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS).
  • the signal generator (50) can also be used, for example, during normal operation of the loudspeaker arrangement (10) to output digital signals representing predetermined warning signals to the drive circuit (30).
  • the drive circuit (30) is preset coupled to the signal generator (50).
  • the drive circuit (30) is electrically coupled to the speaker (20).
  • the loudspeaker arrangement (10) and the device (15) are arranged, for example, in a motor vehicle. An arrangement in another vehicle, for example in an airplane, or in a building, is also possible.
  • the loudspeaker (20) is coupled via the drive circuit (30), for example, to a warning system of the motor vehicle, for example a distance warning system.
  • the loudspeaker (20) is designed to generate acoustic signals depending on one or more control signals of the warning system.
  • the loudspeaker (20) has a loudspeaker membrane.
  • the loudspeaker (20) is designed, for example, as an electrodynamic loudspeaker (20).
  • the loudspeaker diaphragm of the electrodynamic loudspeaker is characterized by an interaction driven between an electric current and a DC magnetic field.
  • the electrodynamic loudspeaker (20) has a coil which is arranged in a direct magnetic field of a magnet. The coil can be charged with an alternating current, so that a Lorenz force is generated, which exerts a force on the speaker diaphragm, which causes them to vibrate.
  • the drive circuit (30) comprises, for example, a full-bridge circuit for driving the loudspeaker (20).
  • the drive circuit (30) may comprise another suitable amplifier circuit known to the person skilled in the art, for example a half-bridge circuit.
  • the loudspeaker (20) is arranged, for example, in a diagonal of the full-bridge circuit.
  • the full-bridge circuit has, for example, four switching elements (31, 33, 35, 37), a first (31), second (33), third (35) and fourth switching element (37).
  • the first (31) and the second switching element (33) comprise, for example, in each case a driver circuit with, for example, in each case a pnp bipolar transistor.
  • the third (35) and fourth (37) switching elements each comprise a driver circuit with, for example, an npn bipolar transistor.
  • transistors of a different type, for example field effect transistors can also be used for the driver circuits.
  • the drive circuit (30) comprises a fifth switching element (38) and a reference circuit (39).
  • the fifth switching element (38) comprises, for example, a driver circuit with, for example, an npn bipolar transistor.
  • the reference circuit (39) has, for example, an impedance.
  • the impedance is chosen to be at least approximately equal to an input impedance of the loudspeaker (20). is.
  • the impedance may include, for example, a 10 ohm resistor.
  • a respective first connection node (31_1), (33_1) of the first switching element (31) and of the second switching element (33) are, for example, electrically coupled to the supply voltage VCC.
  • a second terminal node (31_2) of the first switching element (31) is electrically coupled to a first terminal node (37_1) of the fourth switching element (37).
  • a second terminal node (37_2) of the fourth switching element (37) is electrically coupled to a reference potential (GND).
  • a second connection node (33_2) of the second switching element (33) is electrically coupled to a first connection node (35_1) of the third switching element (35).
  • a second terminal node (35_2) of the third switching element (35) is electrically coupled to the reference potential (GND).
  • a first terminal (48) of the loudspeaker (20) is electrically coupled to the second terminal node (33_2) of the second switching element (33) and the first terminal node (35_1) of the third switching element (35).
  • a second terminal (49) of the loudspeaker (20) is electrically coupled to the second terminal node (31_2) of the first switching element (31), the first terminal node (37_1) of the fourth switching element (37) and to a first terminal (39_1) of the reference circuit (39).
  • a second connection point (39_2) of the reference circuit (39) is electrically coupled to a first connection node (38_1) of the fifth switching element (38).
  • the second terminal node (38_2) of the fifth switching element (38) is electrically coupled to the reference potential (GND).
  • the switching elements (31, 33, 35, 37, 38) each have a control terminal (31_3, 33_3, 35_3, 37_3, 38_3).
  • the control connections (31_3, 33_3, 35_3, 37_3, 38_3) of the switching elements (31, 33, 35, 37, 38) are predetermined electrically coupled to outputs of the signal generator (50).
  • the fifth switching element (38) has a blocking operation state, so that no current can flow away via the reference circuit (39) and the fifth switching element (38).
  • the first (31) and fourth switching element (37) are driven inversely to each other and the second (33) and third switching element (35) are also driven inversely to each other. This causes a current to flow alternately in a first direction and in a second direction through the speaker (20).
  • the fifth switching element (38) replaces the fourth switching element (37) or is activated in addition to the fourth switching element (37) analogously to the fourth switching element (37).
  • This allows the current to flow, at least in part, through the reference circuit (39) and to produce a voltage drop between the first connection point (39_1) and the second connection point (39_2) of the reference circuit (39), which is detected by the measuring and evaluation device (60 ) can be detected.
  • the measuring and evaluation device (60) may comprise, for example, a suitably designed analog-to-digital converter. Such an arrangement has the advantage that a separate test of an analog-to-digital converter input is not required, since only a functioning analog-to-digital converter can generate a suitable measurement signal.
  • the measuring and evaluation device (60) is designed, for example, during the respective test sequence duration (TS) to detect a measured quantity (U) which is representative of the voltage which is present at the reference circuit (39) connected in series with the loudspeaker (20). drops, and depending on a comparison the measured variable (U) with a predetermined reference value, the speaker assembly (10) classify as functional.
  • FIG. 2 shows by way of example a time course of the pulse test signal (P) during the respective test sequence duration (TS).
  • P pulse test signal
  • TS test sequence duration
  • the checking of the loudspeaker arrangement (10) can take place, for example, at predetermined time intervals during operation of the motor vehicle and / or at the beginning of operation of the motor vehicle and / or shortly before the start of operation of the motor vehicle. For example, it can be provided that in each case when a driver enters the motor vehicle, a review of the speaker assembly (10) is performed. For example, this can be detected by means of a suitably designed sensor, whether a occupancy of a vehicle steering seat has changed.
  • the Pulsprüfsignal (P) has a predetermined changing duty cycle.
  • the duty cycle is set such that at the beginning of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle increases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS) and at the end of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle decreases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS).
  • the respective test sequence duration (TS) may comprise a first time duration (T1), a second time duration (T2) immediately following the first time duration (T1), and a third time duration (T3) immediately following the second time duration (T2 ) follows.
  • T1 the duty cycle increases from 0% to 100%
  • T2 the duty cycle is constant 100%
  • T3 the duty cycle decreases from 100% to 0%.
  • a speed at which the duty cycle changes during each of the first time period (T1) and / or the third time duration (T3) is selected so that the reciprocal of the speed represents a frequency smaller than a minimum human listening frequency.
  • the test sequence duration (TS) can be 100 ms, for example.
  • the test sequence duration (TS) is to be selected such that the test sequence frequency corresponding to the test sequence duration (TS) is less than the minimum human listening frequency, so as to ensure that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm does not generate sound waves, the frequency components which are audible to human hearing.
  • the first (T1) and third time periods (T3) may last 25 ms, for example.
  • the measurand (U) representative of a voltage dropping at a reference circuit (39) connected in series to the loudspeaker (20) is detected and dependent on a comparison of the measurand (U) with a voltage predetermined reference value, the speaker assembly (10) is classified as functional.
  • the measured variable (U) can be detected and evaluated once or several times during the second time duration (T2).
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary time course of a deflection (L) of the speaker diaphragm.
  • the duty cycle may, for example, be changed so that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm increases monotonically from a rest position value of the loudspeaker diaphragm during the first time period (T1) to a predetermined deflection value, during the second time duration (T2) the deflection (L) the speaker diaphragm has the predetermined deflection value and during the third time period (T3), the deflection (L) from the predetermined deflection value decreases monotonically to the rest position value.
  • the duty cycle may be set to vary such that the deflection (L) of the speaker diaphragm during the first time period (T1) increases from the rest position value up to the predetermined deflection value according to an increasing sin 2 function curve, during the second time period (T2) Deflection (L) of the speaker diaphragm has the predetermined deflection value and during the third period of time (T3), the deflection (L) from the predetermined deflection value to the rest position value drops according to a falling sin 2 -functional course.
  • FIG. 4 shows a frequency diagram with an audible frequency range (B1) of humans and a functional frequency range (B2) of the speaker (20) in which the speaker diaphragm is deflectable.
  • the loudspeaker diaphragm has, for example, an upper maximum cutoff frequency, up to which a deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm can take place.
  • a third frequency range (B3) is shown, which represents a transition region of the loudspeaker (20), in which the loudspeaker (20) is preferably operated.
  • FIG. 4 different frequencies with respect to the pulse test signal (P) and the loudspeaker (20).
  • a pulse frequency (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is constant.
  • the pulse frequency (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is greater than a natural frequency (fM) of the speaker diaphragm.
  • the natural frequency (fM) of the loudspeaker diaphragm is for example 3 kHz.
  • the pulse rate (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is greater than a maximum human listening frequency.
  • the pulse rate (fP) is chosen such that that it is smaller than the upper maximum cutoff frequency of the loudspeaker (20).
  • the test sequence duration (TS) can be 100 ms, for example.
  • the test sequence is repeated, for example, at predetermined intervals.
  • the test sequence frequency corresponding to the test sequence duration (TS) is for example 10 Hz.
  • the test sequence frequency is preferably chosen such that it lies below the audible frequency range (B1) of the human.
  • a first pulse of the pulse test signal (P) has a very short pulse duration (td), for example 20 ns; that is, the lowest frequency component of the first pulse is approximately 20 MHz and thus far outside the audible frequency range (B1).
  • td very short pulse duration
  • Such a short pulse still does not allow membrane deflection.
  • the duty cycle is changed such that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm during the first time period (T1) increases from the rest position value to the predetermined deflection value according to an increasing sin 2 function curve ,
  • This type of deflection (L) means that higher and audible frequency components can be greatly reduced.
  • a frequency (fA) of the rise can be determined by means of a Fourier transformation of the course of the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm.
  • the frequency of the increase in this case is smaller than a minimum human hearing frequency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine korrespondierende Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung einer Lautsprecheranordnung mit einem Lautsprecher, der eine Lautsprechermembran aufweist.The invention relates to a method and a corresponding device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement with a loudspeaker having a loudspeaker diaphragm.

Moderne Kraftfahrzeuge werden zunehmend mit Warnsystemen ausgestattet. Solche Warnsysteme sind beispielsweise Einparkhilfesysteme, Abstands- und Geschwindigkeitswarnsysteme, Glatteiswarnsysteme und/oder Sekundenschlafwarnsysteme. Diese Warnsysteme nutzen meist akustische Signale zur Warnung. Die akustischen Warnsignale werden über Lautsprecher ausgegeben, die für die spezielle Ausgabe der Warnsignale vorgesehen sind. Sicherheitsrechtliche Anforderungen für Kraftfahrzeuge bedingen, dass diese Lautsprecher regelmäßig auf ihre Funktionsfähigkeit überprüft werden müssen.Modern motor vehicles are increasingly being equipped with warning systems. Such warning systems are, for example, parking assistance systems, distance and speed warning systems, ice alert systems and / or microsleep warning systems. These warning systems mostly use acoustic signals as a warning. The acoustic warning signals are output via loudspeakers intended for the special output of the warning signals. Safety requirements for motor vehicles require that these speakers must be checked regularly for their functionality.

Die EP 1 564 561 A1 beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1 bzw. 7.The EP 1 564 561 A1 describes a method and a device having the features of the preamble of patent claims 1 and 7, respectively.

Die EP 2 355 542 A1 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Lautsprecherausgangs mittels einer Vielzahl von Messfrequenzen, wobei aus den jeweiligen gemessenen Spannungen und Strömen die Impedanz bei der jeweiligen Messfrequenz ermittelt wird.The EP 2 355 542 A1 describes a method for monitoring a speaker output by means of a plurality of measurement frequencies, wherein the impedance at the respective measurement frequency is determined from the respective measured voltages and currents.

Die EP 2 023 670 A1 beschreibt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Fehlfunktion eines Lautsprechers. hierbei wird ein Audiosignal generiert, welches an den Lautsprecher angelegt wird und ein Rückführungsignal des Lautsprechers ausgewertet wird.The EP 2 023 670 A1 describes a method and apparatus for detecting the malfunction of a loudspeaker. In this case, an audio signal is generated, which is applied to the speaker and a feedback signal of the speaker is evaluated.

Die EP 0 841 570 A2 beschreibt eine automatische Erkennung von kurzgeschlossenen Lautsprechern in einem Audiosystem eines Automobils. Hierbei wird bestimmt, ob Anschlüsse der Lautsprecher kurzgeschlossen sind oder ob Anschlüsse der Lautsprecher falsch an die Versorgungsspannung oder an Masse gelegt sind.The EP 0 841 570 A2 describes an automatic detection of shorted loudspeakers in an audio system of an automobile. Here it is determined whether connections of the loudspeakers are short-circuited or whether connections of the loudspeakers are incorrectly connected to the supply voltage or to ground.

Die Aufgabe, die der Erfindung zugrunde liegt, ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung einer Lautsprecheranordnung zu schaffen, das beziehungsweise die es ermöglicht, eine Funktionsfähigkeit der Lautsprecheranordnung zuverlässig zu überprüfen.The object on which the invention is based is to provide a method and a device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement, which makes it possible to reliably check the operability of the loudspeaker arrangement.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich aus durch ein Verfahren und eine korrespondierende Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung einer Lautsprecheranordnung mit einem Lautsprecher. Der Lautsprecher weist zur Erzeugung eines akustischen Signals eine Lautsprechermembran auf. Ferner umfasst die Lautsprecheranordnung eine Ansteuerschaltung zur elektrischen Ansteuerung des Lautsprechers. Der Lautsprecher wird über die Ansteuerschaltung während einer jeweiligen Prüfsequenzdauer mit einem digitalen Pulsprüfsignal beaufschlagt, das ein sich vorgegeben änderndes Tastverhältnis aufweist, wobei das Tastverhältnis derart sich verändernd vorgegeben wird, dass zu Beginn der Prüfsequenzdauer sich das Tastverhältnis über mehrere Periodendauern der Prüfsequenzdauer erhöht und zum Ende der Prüfsequenzdauer sich das Tastverhältnis über mehrere Periodendauern der Prüfsequenzdauer verringert. Während der jeweiligen Prüfsequenzdauer wird eine Messgröße erfasst, die repräsentativ ist für eine Spannung, die an einer zu dem Lautsprecher in Serie geschalteten Referenzschaltung abfällt, und abhängig von einem Vergleich der Messgröße mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert wird die Lautsprecheranordnung als funktionsfähig eingestuft.The invention is characterized by a method and a corresponding device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement with a loudspeaker. The loudspeaker has a loudspeaker diaphragm for generating an acoustic signal. Furthermore, the loudspeaker arrangement comprises a drive circuit for electrical control of the loudspeaker. The loudspeaker is supplied via the drive circuit during a respective test sequence duration with a digital pulse test signal having a predetermined changing duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle is changing such that at the beginning of the test sequence duration, the duty cycle increases over several periods of the test sequence duration and the end the test sequence duration reduces the duty cycle over several periods of the test sequence duration. During the respective test sequence duration, a measured variable representative of a voltage dropping at a reference circuit connected in series with the loudspeaker is detected, and depending on a comparison of the measured variable with a predetermined reference value, the loudspeaker arrangement is classified as functional.

Vorteilhafterweise ermöglicht dies eine Durchgangsprüfung und eine Kurzschlussprüfung des Lautsprechers sowie einer Lautsprecheranbindung, beispielsweise von Steckern. Die Ansteuerschaltung für den Lautsprecher wird ebenfalls geprüft, da der Lautsprecher über die Ansteuerschaltung angesteuert wird und somit die Prüfung auch die Ansteuerschaltung mit einschließt. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beziehungsweise die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht somit eine Überprüfung der Lautsprecheranordnung mit einer hohen Prüftiefe und Prüfsicherheit. Im Vergleich zu Überwachungsschaltungen, die ausgebildet sind, den Lautsprecher nur auf eine Stromkreisunterbrechung zu prüfen, kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beziehungsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung eine wesentlich höhere Prüftiefe und Prüfsicherheit erzielt werden.Advantageously, this allows a continuity test and a short-circuit test of the loudspeaker as well as a loudspeaker connection, for example of plugs. The drive circuit for the speaker is also checked, since the speaker is controlled via the drive circuit and thus includes the test also the drive circuit with. The method according to the invention or the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to check the loudspeaker arrangement with a high test depth and test safety. In comparison to monitoring circuits which are designed to test the loudspeaker only for a circuit interruption, a significantly higher test depth and test safety can be achieved with the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beziehungsweise die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht eine einfache, und damit kostengünstige, sowie zuverlässige Überprüfung der Lautsprecheranordnung. Für eine Überprüfung sind in Ergänzung zu einer Ansteuerschaltung, die nur ausgebildet ist, den Lautsprecher im Normalbetrieb anzusteuern, nur wenige, einfache elektronische Bauteile notwendig. Aufwendige Komponenten, wie zum Beispiel ein Mikrofon, sind nicht erforderlich.The method according to the invention or the device according to the invention enables a simple, and thus inexpensive, and reliable checking of the loudspeaker arrangement. For a check are in addition to a drive circuit, which is only designed to control the speaker in normal operation, only a few, simple electronic components necessary. Elaborate components, such as a microphone, are not required.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass das Tastverhältnis derart sich verändernd vorgegeben werden kann, dass die Lautsprechermembran des Lautsprechers derart ausgelenkt wird, dass die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran und somit das Beaufschlagen des Lautsprechers mit dem Pulsprüfsignal mit einem menschlichen Gehör nicht wahrnehmbar ist.A further advantage is that the pulse duty factor can be set in such a way that the loudspeaker diaphragm of the loudspeaker is deflected in such a way that the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm and thus the impact of the loudspeaker on the pulse test signal with a human ear is imperceptible.

Die Lautsprecheranordnung kann in einem Fahrzeug, beispielsweise in einem Kraftfahrzeug, angeordnet sein. Die Lautsprecheranordnung kann zur Ausgabe von akustischen Warnsignalen vorgesehen sein und kann beispielsweise signaltechnisch mit einer Steuer- und/oder Überwachungseinheit des Kraftfahrzeugs signaltechnisch gekoppelt sein.The loudspeaker arrangement can be arranged in a vehicle, for example in a motor vehicle. The loudspeaker arrangement can be provided for the output of acoustic warning signals and, for example, can be signal-technically coupled to a control and / or monitoring unit of the motor vehicle by signal technology.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist eine Pulsfrequenz des Pulsprüfsignals größer als eine Eigenfrequenz der Lautsprechermembran. Vorteilhafterweise ermöglicht dies, eine Eigenschwingung der Lautsprechermembran zu vermeiden und zu verhindern, dass die Lautsprechermembran zwischen zwei Pulsen in ihre Ruhelage zurückfällt.According to an advantageous embodiment, a pulse frequency of the pulse test signal is greater than a natural frequency of the speaker diaphragm. Advantageously, this makes it possible to avoid self-oscillation of the loudspeaker diaphragm and to prevent the loudspeaker diaphragm from falling back into its rest position between two pulses.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist die Pulsfrequenz des Pulsprüfsignals größer als eine maximale Hörfrequenz eines Menschen. Die maximale Hörfrequenz des Menschen ist gleich näherungsweise 20 kHz. Die Pulsfrequenz, die auch als Trägerfrequenz des Pulsprüfsignals bezeichnet werden kann, liegt somit außerhalb eines hörbaren Bereichs des Menschen.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the pulse frequency of the pulse test signal is greater than a maximum audible frequency of a human. The maximum listening frequency of the human being is approximately 20 kHz. The pulse frequency, which can also be referred to as the carrier frequency of the pulse test signal, thus lies outside an audible range of the human.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung umfasst die jeweilige Prüfsequenzdauer eine erste Zeitdauer, eine zweite Zeitdauer, die unmittelbar auf die erste Zeitdauer folgt, und eine dritte Zeitdauer, die unmittelbar auf die zweite Zeitdauer folgt. Während der ersten Zeitdauer steigt das Tastverhältnis von 0 % auf 100 % an, innerhalb der zweiten Zeitdauer ist das Tastverhältnis konstant 100 % und während einer dritten Zeitdauer sinkt das Tastverhältnis von 100 % auf 0 % ab. Eine Geschwindigkeit, mit der sich das Tastverhältnis jeweils während der ersten Zeitdauer und/oder der dritten Zeitdauer ändert, wird so gewählt, dass der Kehrwert der Geschwindigkeit eine Frequenz repräsentiert, die kleiner ist als eine minimale Hörfrequenz des Menschen. Die minimale Hörfrequenz des Menschen ist gleich näherungsweise 16 Hz. Die Geschwindigkeit, mit der sich das Tastverhältnis während der Zeitdauer und/oder der dritten Zeitdauer ändert, kann auch als Änderungsrate bezeichnet werden. Vorteilhafterweise ermöglicht dies, die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran derart vorzugeben, dass keine Schallwellen durch die Lautsprechermembran erzeugt werden, die von dem menschlichen Gehör wahrnehmbar sind.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the respective test sequence duration comprises a first time duration, a second time duration Time duration immediately following the first time duration and a third time duration immediately following the second time duration. During the first time period, the duty cycle increases from 0% to 100%, within the second time period the duty cycle is constant 100% and during a third time duration the duty cycle decreases from 100% to 0%. A speed at which the duty cycle changes during the first time period and / or the third time duration is selected such that the reciprocal of the speed represents a frequency that is less than a minimum human listening frequency. The minimum human listening frequency is equal to approximately 16 Hz. The rate at which the duty cycle changes during the time period and / or the third time period may also be referred to as the rate of change. Advantageously, this makes it possible to predetermine the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm in such a way that no sound waves are generated by the loudspeaker diaphragm which are perceptible to the human ear.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird das Tastverhältnis derart sich verändernd vorgegeben, dass die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran während der ersten Zeitdauer von einem Ruhelagewert der Lautsprechermembran monoton ansteigt bis zu einem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert, während der zweiten Zeitdauer die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran den vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert aufweist und während der dritten Zeitdauer die Auslenkung von dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert monoton auf den Ruhelagewert abfällt. Vorteilhafterweise kann so die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran derart vorgegeben werden, dass höhere und hörbare Frequenzanteile vermieden werden können und so keine Schallwellen durch die Lautsprechermembran erzeugt werden, die von dem menschlichen Gehör wahrnehmbar sind.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the duty cycle is set such that the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm increases monotonically from a rest position value of the loudspeaker diaphragm to a predefined deflection value during the first time period, while the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm has the predefined deflection value during the second time duration third time period, the deflection of the predetermined deflection value monotonically drops to the rest position value. Advantageously, the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm can thus be predetermined in such a way that higher and audible frequency components can be avoided and thus no sound waves can be generated by the loudspeaker diaphragm, which are perceptible to the human ear.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird das Tastverhältnis derart sich verändernd vorgegeben, dass die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran während der ersten Zeitdauer von dem Ruhelagewert ansteigt bis zu dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert gemäß einem ansteigenden sin2-Funktionsverlauf, während der zweiten Zeitdauer, die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran den vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert aufweist und während der dritten Zeitdauer die Auslenkung von dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert auf den Ruhelagewert abfällt gemäß eines abfallenden sin2-Funktionsverlaufs. Auch dies ermöglicht, die Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran derart vorzugeben, dass höhere und hörbare Frequenzanteile vermieden werden können und so keine Schallwellen durch die Lautsprechermembran erzeugt werden, die von dem menschlichen Gehör wahrnehmbar sind. Ferner kann hierdurch ein benötigter Speicherplatzbedarf minimiert werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the duty cycle is so changing that the deflection the loudspeaker diaphragm rises from the rest position value during the first time period up to the predefined deflection value according to an increasing sin 2 function profile, during the second time period the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm has the predefined deflection value and during the third time period the deflection from the predefined deflection value to the rest position value falls off according to a decreasing sin 2- function curve. This also makes it possible to specify the deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm in such a way that higher and audible frequency components can be avoided and thus no sound waves can be generated by the loudspeaker diaphragm which are perceptible to the human ear. Furthermore, a required storage space requirement can thereby be minimized.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind im Folgenden anhand der schematischen Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Lautsprecheranordnung,
Figur 2
einen beispielhaften zeitlichen Verlauf eines Pulsprüfsignals,
Figur 3
einen beispielhaften zeitlichen Verlauf einer Auslenkung einer Lautsprechermembran und
Figur 4
ein Frequenzdiagramm.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the schematic drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a speaker assembly,
FIG. 2
an exemplary time profile of a pulse test signal,
FIG. 3
an exemplary time course of a deflection of a speaker diaphragm and
FIG. 4
a frequency diagram.

Elemente gleicher Konstruktion oder Funktion sind figurenübergreifend mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Elements of the same construction or function are provided across the figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Lautsprecheranordnung (10) mit einem Lautsprecher (20) und einer Ansteuerschaltung (30) für den Lautsprecher (20) sowie eine Vorrichtung (15) zur Überprüfung der Lautsprecheranordnung (10). Die Vorrichtung (15) umfasst beispielsweise einen Signalgenerator (50) und eine Mess- und Auswerteeinrichtung (60). FIG. 1 shows a speaker assembly (10) with a speaker (20) and a drive circuit (30) for the speaker (20) and a device (15) for checking the speaker assembly (10). The device (15) comprises, for example a signal generator (50) and a measuring and evaluation device (60).

Der Signalgenerator (50) ist beispielsweise ausgebildet, während einer jeweiligen Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) ein digitales Pulsprüfsignal (P) zu erzeugen, das ein sich vorgegeben änderndes Tastverhältnis aufweist, wobei das Tastverhältnis derart sich verändernd vorgegeben wird, dass zu Beginn der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) sich das Tastverhältnis über mehrere Periodendauern der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) erhöht und zum Ende der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) sich das Tastverhältnis über mehrere Periodendauern der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) verringert.The signal generator (50) is designed, for example, to generate a digital pulse test signal (P) during a respective test sequence duration (TS) which has a predetermined changing duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle is preset in such a way that at the beginning of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle increases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS) and at the end of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle decreases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS).

Der Signalgenerator (50) kann beispielsweise auch bei einem Normalbetrieb der Lautsprecheranordnung (10) genutzt werden, digitale Signale, die vorgegebene Warnsignale repräsentieren, an die Ansteuerschaltung (30) auszugeben.The signal generator (50) can also be used, for example, during normal operation of the loudspeaker arrangement (10) to output digital signals representing predetermined warning signals to the drive circuit (30).

Die Ansteuerschaltung (30) ist vorgegeben gekoppelt mit dem Signalgenerator (50). Die Ansteuerschaltung (30) ist elektrisch gekoppelt mit dem Lautsprecher (20). Die Lautsprecheranordnung (10) und die Vorrichtung (15) sind beispielsweise in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet. Eine Anordnung in einem anderen Fahrzeug, zum Beispiel in einem Flugzeug, oder in einem Gebäude, ist ebenfalls möglich. Der Lautsprecher (20) ist über die Ansteuerschaltung (30) beispielsweise gekoppelt mit einem Warnsystem des Kraftfahrzeugs, zum Beispiel einem Abstandswarnsystem. Der Lautsprecher (20) ist ausgebildet, abhängig von einem oder mehreren Steuersignalen des Warnsystems akustische Signale zu erzeugen.The drive circuit (30) is preset coupled to the signal generator (50). The drive circuit (30) is electrically coupled to the speaker (20). The loudspeaker arrangement (10) and the device (15) are arranged, for example, in a motor vehicle. An arrangement in another vehicle, for example in an airplane, or in a building, is also possible. The loudspeaker (20) is coupled via the drive circuit (30), for example, to a warning system of the motor vehicle, for example a distance warning system. The loudspeaker (20) is designed to generate acoustic signals depending on one or more control signals of the warning system.

Der Lautsprecher (20) weist eine Lautsprechermembran auf. Der Lautsprecher (20) ist beispielsweise als elektrodynamischer Lautsprecher (20) ausgebildet. Die Lautsprechermembran des elektrodynamischen Lautsprechers wird durch eine Wechselwirkung zwischen einem elektrischen Strom und einem magnetischen Gleichfeld angetrieben. Der elektrodynamische Lautsprecher (20) weist eine Spule auf, die in einem magnetischen Gleichfeld eines Magneten angeordnet ist. Die Spule kann mit einem Wechselstrom beaufschlagt werden, so dass eine Lorenzkraft erzeugt wird, die eine Kraft auf die Lautsprechermembran ausübt, die diese zum Schwingen veranlasst.The loudspeaker (20) has a loudspeaker membrane. The loudspeaker (20) is designed, for example, as an electrodynamic loudspeaker (20). The loudspeaker diaphragm of the electrodynamic loudspeaker is characterized by an interaction driven between an electric current and a DC magnetic field. The electrodynamic loudspeaker (20) has a coil which is arranged in a direct magnetic field of a magnet. The coil can be charged with an alternating current, so that a Lorenz force is generated, which exerts a force on the speaker diaphragm, which causes them to vibrate.

Die Ansteuerschaltung (30) umfasst beispielsweise eine Vollbrückenschaltung zur Ansteuerung des Lautsprechers (20). Alternativ kann die Ansteuerschaltung (30) eine dem zuständigen Fachmann bekannte, andere geeignete Verstärkerschaltung aufweisen, zum Beispiel eine Halbbrückenschaltung.The drive circuit (30) comprises, for example, a full-bridge circuit for driving the loudspeaker (20). Alternatively, the drive circuit (30) may comprise another suitable amplifier circuit known to the person skilled in the art, for example a half-bridge circuit.

Der Lautsprecher (20) ist beispielsweise in einer Diagonalen der Vollbrückenschaltung angeordnet. Die Vollbrückenschaltung weist beispielsweise vier Schaltelemente (31, 33, 35, 37) auf, ein erstes (31), zweites (33), drittes (35) und viertes Schaltelement (37). Das erste (31) und das zweite Schaltelement (33) umfassen beispielsweise jeweils eine Treiberschaltung mit zum Beispiel jeweils einem pnp-Bipolartransistor. Das dritte (35) und vierte (37) Schaltelement umfasst beispielsweise jeweils eine Treiberschaltung mit zum Beispiel einem npn-Bipolartransistor. Für die Treiberschaltungen können alternativ auch Transistoren eines anderen Typs, zum Beispiel Feldeffekttransistoren, eingesetzt werden.The loudspeaker (20) is arranged, for example, in a diagonal of the full-bridge circuit. The full-bridge circuit has, for example, four switching elements (31, 33, 35, 37), a first (31), second (33), third (35) and fourth switching element (37). The first (31) and the second switching element (33) comprise, for example, in each case a driver circuit with, for example, in each case a pnp bipolar transistor. For example, the third (35) and fourth (37) switching elements each comprise a driver circuit with, for example, an npn bipolar transistor. Alternatively, transistors of a different type, for example field effect transistors, can also be used for the driver circuits.

Ferner umfasst die Ansteuerschaltung (30) ein fünftes Schaltelement (38) und eine Referenzschaltung (39). Das fünfte Schaltelement (38) umfasst beispielsweise eine Treiberschaltung mit zum Beispiel einem npn-Bipolartransistor. Die Referenzschaltung (39) weist beispielsweise eine Impedanz auf. Die Impedanz wird beispielsweise so gewählt, dass sie zumindest näherungsweise gleich einer Eingangsimpedanz des Lautsprechers (20) ist. Die Impedanz kann beispielsweise einen ohmschen Widerstand mit 10 Ohm umfassen.Furthermore, the drive circuit (30) comprises a fifth switching element (38) and a reference circuit (39). The fifth switching element (38) comprises, for example, a driver circuit with, for example, an npn bipolar transistor. The reference circuit (39) has, for example, an impedance. For example, the impedance is chosen to be at least approximately equal to an input impedance of the loudspeaker (20). is. The impedance may include, for example, a 10 ohm resistor.

Ein jeweiliger erster Anschlussknoten (31_1), (33_1) des ersten Schaltelements (31) und des zweiten Schaltelements (33) sind beispielsweise elektrisch gekoppelt mit der Versorgungsspannung VCC. Ein zweiter Anschlussknoten (31_2) des ersten Schaltelements (31) ist mit einem ersten Anschlussknoten (37_1) des vierten Schaltelements (37) elektrisch gekoppelt. Ein zweiter Anschlussknoten (37_2) des vierten Schaltelements (37) ist mit einem Bezugspotential (GND) elektrisch gekoppelt. Ein zweiter Anschlussknoten (33_2) des zweiten Schaltelements (33) ist mit einem ersten Anschlussknoten (35_1) des dritten Schaltelements (35) elektrisch gekoppelt. Ein zweiter Anschlussknoten (35_2) des dritten Schaltelements (35) ist mit dem Bezugspotential (GND) elektrisch gekoppelt. Ein erster Anschluss (48) des Lautsprechers (20) ist mit dem zweiten Anschlussknoten (33_2) des zweiten Schaltelements (33) und dem ersten Anschlussknoten (35_1) des dritten Schaltelements (35) elektrisch gekoppelt.A respective first connection node (31_1), (33_1) of the first switching element (31) and of the second switching element (33) are, for example, electrically coupled to the supply voltage VCC. A second terminal node (31_2) of the first switching element (31) is electrically coupled to a first terminal node (37_1) of the fourth switching element (37). A second terminal node (37_2) of the fourth switching element (37) is electrically coupled to a reference potential (GND). A second connection node (33_2) of the second switching element (33) is electrically coupled to a first connection node (35_1) of the third switching element (35). A second terminal node (35_2) of the third switching element (35) is electrically coupled to the reference potential (GND). A first terminal (48) of the loudspeaker (20) is electrically coupled to the second terminal node (33_2) of the second switching element (33) and the first terminal node (35_1) of the third switching element (35).

Ein zweiter Anschluss (49) des Lautsprechers (20) ist elektrisch gekoppelt mit dem zweiten Anschlussknoten (31_2) des ersten Schaltelements (31), dem ersten Anschlussknoten (37_1) des vierten Schaltelements (37) und mit einem ersten Anschlusspunkt (39_1) der Referenzschaltung (39). Ein zweiter Anschlusspunkt (39_2) der Referenzschaltung (39) ist elektrisch gekoppelt mit einem ersten Anschlussknoten (38_1) des fünften Schaltelements (38). Der zweite Anschlussknoten (38_2) des fünften Schaltelements (38) ist elektrisch gekoppelt mit dem Bezugspotential (GND).A second terminal (49) of the loudspeaker (20) is electrically coupled to the second terminal node (31_2) of the first switching element (31), the first terminal node (37_1) of the fourth switching element (37) and to a first terminal (39_1) of the reference circuit (39). A second connection point (39_2) of the reference circuit (39) is electrically coupled to a first connection node (38_1) of the fifth switching element (38). The second terminal node (38_2) of the fifth switching element (38) is electrically coupled to the reference potential (GND).

Die Schaltelemente (31, 33, 35, 37, 38) weisen jeweils einen Steueranschluss (31_3, 33_3, 35_3, 37_3, 38_3) auf. Die Steueranschlüsse (31_3, 33_3, 35_3, 37_3, 38_3) der Schaltelemente (31, 33, 35, 37, 38) sind vorgegeben elektrisch gekoppelt mit Ausgängen des Signalgenerators (50).The switching elements (31, 33, 35, 37, 38) each have a control terminal (31_3, 33_3, 35_3, 37_3, 38_3). The control connections (31_3, 33_3, 35_3, 37_3, 38_3) of the switching elements (31, 33, 35, 37, 38) are predetermined electrically coupled to outputs of the signal generator (50).

Im Normalbetrieb des Lautsprechers (20) weist das fünfte Schaltelement (38) einen Sperrbetriebszustand auf, so dass kein Strom über die Referenzschaltung (39) und das fünfte Schaltelement (38) abfließen kann. Im Normalbetrieb werden das erste (31) und vierte Schaltelement (37) invers zueinander angesteuert und das zweite (33) und dritte Schaltelement (35) werden ebenfalls invers zueinander angesteuert. Dies bewirkt, dass ein Strom abwechselnd in einer ersten Richtung und in einer zweiten Richtung durch den Lautsprecher (20) fließen kann.In the normal operation of the loudspeaker (20), the fifth switching element (38) has a blocking operation state, so that no current can flow away via the reference circuit (39) and the fifth switching element (38). In normal operation, the first (31) and fourth switching element (37) are driven inversely to each other and the second (33) and third switching element (35) are also driven inversely to each other. This causes a current to flow alternately in a first direction and in a second direction through the speaker (20).

Während eines Prüfbetriebs der Lautsprecheranordnung (10) ersetzt das fünfte Schaltelement (38) das vierte Schaltelement (37) oder wird ergänzend zu dem vierten Schaltelement (37) analog zu dem vierten Schaltelement (37) angesteuert. Dies ermöglicht, dass der Strom zumindest zum Teil durch die Referenzschaltung (39) fließt und ein Spannungsabfall zwischen dem ersten Anschlusspunkt (39_1) und dem zweiten Anschlusspunkt (39_2) der Referenzschaltung (39) erzeugt wird, der mittels der Mess- und Auswerteeinrichtung (60) erfasst werden kann. Die Mess- und Auswerteeinrichtung (60) kann beispielsweise einen geeignet ausgebildeten Analog-Digital-Wandler umfassen. Solch eine Anordnung hat den Vorteil, dass eine gesonderte Prüfung eines Analog-Digital-Wandler-Eingangs nicht erforderlich ist, da nur ein funktionsfähiger Analog-Digital-Wandler ein geeignetes Messsignal erzeugen kann.During a test operation of the loudspeaker arrangement (10), the fifth switching element (38) replaces the fourth switching element (37) or is activated in addition to the fourth switching element (37) analogously to the fourth switching element (37). This allows the current to flow, at least in part, through the reference circuit (39) and to produce a voltage drop between the first connection point (39_1) and the second connection point (39_2) of the reference circuit (39), which is detected by the measuring and evaluation device (60 ) can be detected. The measuring and evaluation device (60) may comprise, for example, a suitably designed analog-to-digital converter. Such an arrangement has the advantage that a separate test of an analog-to-digital converter input is not required, since only a functioning analog-to-digital converter can generate a suitable measurement signal.

Die Mess- und Auswerteeinrichtung (60) ist beispielsweise ausgebildet, während der jeweiligen Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) eine Messgröße (U) zu erfassen, die repräsentativ ist für die Spannung, die an der zu dem Lautsprecher (20) in Serie geschalteten Referenzschaltung (39) abfällt, und abhängig von einem Vergleich der Messgröße (U) mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert die Lautsprecheranordnung (10) als funktionsfähig einzustufen.The measuring and evaluation device (60) is designed, for example, during the respective test sequence duration (TS) to detect a measured quantity (U) which is representative of the voltage which is present at the reference circuit (39) connected in series with the loudspeaker (20). drops, and depending on a comparison the measured variable (U) with a predetermined reference value, the speaker assembly (10) classify as functional.

Figur 2 zeigt beispielhaft einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Pulsprüfsignals (P) während der jeweiligen Prüfsequenzdauer (TS). Für eine Überprüfung der Lautsprecheranordnung (10) kann jeweils eine oder mehrere Prüfsequenzdauern (TS) ausgewertet werden. FIG. 2 shows by way of example a time course of the pulse test signal (P) during the respective test sequence duration (TS). For a review of the loudspeaker arrangement (10) one or more test sequence durations (TS) can be evaluated in each case.

Die Überprüfung der Lautsprecheranordnung (10) kann beispielsweise in vorgegebenen zeitlichen Abständen während eines Betriebes des Kraftfahrzeuges und/oder zu Beginn eines Betriebes des Kraftfahrzeugs und/oder kurz vor Beginn des Betriebes des Kraftfahrzeugs erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass jeweils, wenn ein Fahrzeugführer das Kraftfahrzeug betritt, eine Überprüfung der Lautsprecheranordnung (10) ausgeführt wird. Beispielsweise kann hierzu mittels eines geeignet ausgebildeten Sensors detektiert werden, ob sich eine Belegung eines Fahrzeuglenkersitzes geändert hat.The checking of the loudspeaker arrangement (10) can take place, for example, at predetermined time intervals during operation of the motor vehicle and / or at the beginning of operation of the motor vehicle and / or shortly before the start of operation of the motor vehicle. For example, it can be provided that in each case when a driver enters the motor vehicle, a review of the speaker assembly (10) is performed. For example, this can be detected by means of a suitably designed sensor, whether a occupancy of a vehicle steering seat has changed.

Das Pulsprüfsignal (P) weist ein sich vorgegeben änderndes Tastverhältnis auf. Das Tastverhältnis wird derart sich verändernd vorgegeben, dass zu Beginn der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) sich das Tastverhältnis über mehrere Periodendauern der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) erhöht und zum Ende der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) sich das Tastverhältnis über mehrere Periodendauern der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) verringert.The Pulsprüfsignal (P) has a predetermined changing duty cycle. The duty cycle is set such that at the beginning of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle increases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS) and at the end of the test sequence duration (TS) the duty cycle decreases over several periods of the test sequence duration (TS).

Beispielsweise kann die jeweilige Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) eine erste Zeitdauer (T1) umfassen, eine zweite Zeitdauer (T2), die unmittelbar auf die erste Zeitdauer (T1) folgt, und eine dritte Zeitdauer (T3), die unmittelbar auf die zweite Zeitdauer (T2) folgt. Während der ersten Zeitdauer (T1) steigt das Tastverhältnis beispielsweise von 0 % auf 100 % an, innerhalb der zweiten Zeitdauer (T2) ist das Tastverhältnis konstant 100 % und während einer dritten Zeitdauer (T3) sinkt das Tastverhältnis von 100 % auf 0 % ab. Eine Geschwindigkeit, mit der sich das Tastverhältnis jeweils während der ersten Zeitdauer (T1) und/oder der dritten Zeitdauer (T3) ändert, wird so gewählt, dass der Kehrwert der Geschwindigkeit eine Frequenz repräsentiert, die kleiner ist als eine minimale Hörfrequenz des Menschen.For example, the respective test sequence duration (TS) may comprise a first time duration (T1), a second time duration (T2) immediately following the first time duration (T1), and a third time duration (T3) immediately following the second time duration (T2 ) follows. For example, during the first time period (T1) the duty cycle increases from 0% to 100%, within the second time duration (T2) the duty cycle is constant 100% and during a third time period (T3), the duty cycle decreases from 100% to 0%. A speed at which the duty cycle changes during each of the first time period (T1) and / or the third time duration (T3) is selected so that the reciprocal of the speed represents a frequency smaller than a minimum human listening frequency.

Die Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) kann beispielsweise 100 ms sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) derart zu wählen, dass die zu der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) korrespondierende Prüfsequenzfrequenz kleiner als ist als die minimale Hörfrequenz des Menschen, so dass sichergestellt ist, dass die Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran keine Schallwellen erzeugt, die Frequenzanteile aufweisen, die für das menschliche Gehör hörbar sind. Die erste (T1) und dritte Zeitdauer (T3) kann beispielsweise jeweils 25 ms andauern.The test sequence duration (TS) can be 100 ms, for example. Preferably, the test sequence duration (TS) is to be selected such that the test sequence frequency corresponding to the test sequence duration (TS) is less than the minimum human listening frequency, so as to ensure that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm does not generate sound waves, the frequency components which are audible to human hearing. The first (T1) and third time periods (T3) may last 25 ms, for example.

Während der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) wird die Messgröße (U) erfasst, die repräsentativ ist für eine Spannung, die an einer zu dem Lautsprecher (20) in Serie geschalteten Referenzschaltung (39) abfällt und abhängig von einem Vergleich der Messgröße (U) mit einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert wird die Lautsprecheranordnung (10) als funktionsfähig eingestuft. Beispielsweise kann die Messgröße (U) während der zweiten Zeitdauer (T2) einmal oder mehrmals erfasst und ausgewertet werden.During the test sequence duration (TS), the measurand (U) representative of a voltage dropping at a reference circuit (39) connected in series to the loudspeaker (20) is detected and dependent on a comparison of the measurand (U) with a voltage predetermined reference value, the speaker assembly (10) is classified as functional. For example, the measured variable (U) can be detected and evaluated once or several times during the second time duration (T2).

Figur 3 zeigt einen beispielhaften zeitlichen Verlauf einer Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran. Das Tastverhältnis kann beispielsweise derart sich verändernd vorgegeben werden, dass die Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran während der ersten Zeitdauer (T1) von einem Ruhelagewert der Lautsprechermembran monoton ansteigt bis zu einem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert, während der zweiten Zeitdauer (T2) die Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran den vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert aufweist und während der dritten Zeitdauer (T3) die Auslenkung (L) von dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert monoton auf den Ruhelagewert abfällt. FIG. 3 shows an exemplary time course of a deflection (L) of the speaker diaphragm. The duty cycle may, for example, be changed so that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm increases monotonically from a rest position value of the loudspeaker diaphragm during the first time period (T1) to a predetermined deflection value, during the second time duration (T2) the deflection (L) the speaker diaphragm has the predetermined deflection value and during the third time period (T3), the deflection (L) from the predetermined deflection value decreases monotonically to the rest position value.

Beispielsweise kann das Tastverhältnis derart sich verändernd vorgegeben werden, dass die Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran während der ersten Zeitdauer (T1) von dem Ruhelagewert ansteigt bis zu dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert gemäß einem ansteigenden sin2-Funktionsverlauf, während der zweiten Zeitdauer (T2) die Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran den vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert aufweist und während der dritten Zeitdauer (T3) die Auslenkung (L) von dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert auf den Ruhelagewert abfällt gemäß eines abfallenden sin2-Funktionsverlaufs.For example, the duty cycle may be set to vary such that the deflection (L) of the speaker diaphragm during the first time period (T1) increases from the rest position value up to the predetermined deflection value according to an increasing sin 2 function curve, during the second time period (T2) Deflection (L) of the speaker diaphragm has the predetermined deflection value and during the third period of time (T3), the deflection (L) from the predetermined deflection value to the rest position value drops according to a falling sin 2 -functional course.

Figur 4 zeigt ein Frequenzdiagramm mit einem hörbaren Frequenzbereich (B1) des Menschen sowie einem Funktionsfrequenzbereich (B2) des Lautsprechers (20), in dem die Lautsprechermembran auslenkbar ist. Die Lautsprechermembran weist beispielsweise eine obere maximale Grenzfrequenz auf, bis zu der eine Auslenkung der Lautsprechermembran erfolgen kann. Ferner wird ein dritter Frequenzbereich (B3) gezeigt, der einen Übergangsbereich des Lautsprechers (20) repräsentiert, in dem der Lautsprecher (20) vorzugsweise betrieben wird. FIG. 4 shows a frequency diagram with an audible frequency range (B1) of humans and a functional frequency range (B2) of the speaker (20) in which the speaker diaphragm is deflectable. The loudspeaker diaphragm has, for example, an upper maximum cutoff frequency, up to which a deflection of the loudspeaker diaphragm can take place. Furthermore, a third frequency range (B3) is shown, which represents a transition region of the loudspeaker (20), in which the loudspeaker (20) is preferably operated.

Ferner zeigt Figur 4 verschiedene Frequenzen in Bezug auf das Pulsprüfsignal (P) und den Lautsprecher (20).Further shows FIG. 4 different frequencies with respect to the pulse test signal (P) and the loudspeaker (20).

Eine Pulsfrequenz (fP) des Pulsprüfsignals (P) ist konstant. Die Pulsfrequenz (fP) des Pulsprüfsignals (P) ist beispielsweise größer als eine Eigenfrequenz (fM) der Lautsprechermembran. Die Eigenfrequenz (fM) der Lautsprechermembran ist beispielsweise 3 kHz. Die Pulsfrequenz (fP) des Pulsprüfsignals (P) ist beispielsweise größer als eine maximale Hörfrequenz des Menschen. Vorzugsweise wird die Pulsfrequenz (fP) derart gewählt, dass sie kleiner ist als die obere maximale Grenzfrequenz des Lautsprechers (20).A pulse frequency (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is constant. For example, the pulse frequency (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is greater than a natural frequency (fM) of the speaker diaphragm. The natural frequency (fM) of the loudspeaker diaphragm is for example 3 kHz. For example, the pulse rate (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is greater than a maximum human listening frequency. Preferably, the pulse rate (fP) is chosen such that that it is smaller than the upper maximum cutoff frequency of the loudspeaker (20).

Die Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) kann beispielsweise 100 ms sein. Die Prüfsequenz wird beispielsweise in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen wiederholt. Die zu der Prüfsequenzdauer (TS) korrespondierende Prüfsequenzfrequenz ist beispielsweise 10 Hz. Die Prüfsequenzfrequenz wird vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass sie unterhalb des hörbaren Frequenzbereichs (B1) des Menschen liegt.The test sequence duration (TS) can be 100 ms, for example. The test sequence is repeated, for example, at predetermined intervals. The test sequence frequency corresponding to the test sequence duration (TS) is for example 10 Hz. The test sequence frequency is preferably chosen such that it lies below the audible frequency range (B1) of the human.

Ein erster Puls des Pulsprüfsignals (P) weist eine sehr kurze Pulsdauer (td) auf, zum Beispiel 20 ns; das heißt der niedrigste Frequenzanteil des ersten Pulses liegt bei näherungsweise 20 MHz und somit weit außerhalb des hörbaren Frequenzbereichs (B1). Solch ein kurzer Puls ermöglicht noch keine Membranauslenkung. Aus diesem Grund wird beispielsweise während der ersten Zeitdauer (T1) das Tastverhältnis sich derart verändernd vorgegeben, dass die Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran während der ersten Zeitdauer (T1) von dem Ruhelagewert ansteigt bis zu dem vorgegebenen Auslenkungswert gemäß einem ansteigenden sin2-Funktionsverlauf. Diese Art der Auslenkung (L) bewirkt, dass höhere und hörbare Frequenzanteile stark reduziert werden können. Mittels einer Fouriertransformation des Verlaufs der Auslenkung (L) der Lautsprechermembran kann beispielsweise eine Frequenz (fA) des Anstiegs ermittelt werden. Die Frequenz des Anstiegs ist in diesem Fall kleiner als eine minimale Hörfrequenz des Menschen.A first pulse of the pulse test signal (P) has a very short pulse duration (td), for example 20 ns; that is, the lowest frequency component of the first pulse is approximately 20 MHz and thus far outside the audible frequency range (B1). Such a short pulse still does not allow membrane deflection. For this reason, for example, during the first time period (T1), the duty cycle is changed such that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm during the first time period (T1) increases from the rest position value to the predetermined deflection value according to an increasing sin 2 function curve , This type of deflection (L) means that higher and audible frequency components can be greatly reduced. For example, a frequency (fA) of the rise can be determined by means of a Fourier transformation of the course of the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker diaphragm. The frequency of the increase in this case is smaller than a minimum human hearing frequency.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for testing a loudspeaker arrangement (10) comprising a loudspeaker (20), which comprises a loudspeaker membrane for generating an acoustic signal, and an actuation circuit (30) for electrically actuating the loudspeaker (20), the method comprising the following steps:
    - a digital pulse test signal (P) is applied to the loudspeaker (20) during a respective test sequence duration (TS) by means of the actuation circuit (30),
    - a measurement variable (U) is registered during the respective test sequence duration (TS), which measurement variable is representative for a voltage drop across a reference circuit (39) connected in series with the loudspeaker (20), and
    - the loudspeaker arrangement is classified (10) as being functional depending on a comparison between the measurement variable (U) and a predetermined reference value,
    characterized in that the test signal (P) has a predetermined changing duty cycle, the duty cycle being predetermined to change in such a way that, at the start of the test sequence duration (TS), the duty cycle increases over a plurality of period durations of the test sequence duration (TS) and, at the end of the test sequence duration (TS), the duty cycle reduces over a plurality of period durations of the test sequence duration (TS).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, wherein a pulse frequency (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is greater than a natural frequency (fM) of the loudspeaker membrane.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulse frequency (fP) of the pulse test signal (P) is greater than a maximum audible frequency of humans.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein
    - the respective test sequence duration (TS) comprises a first time duration (T1), a second time duration (T2), which immediately follows the first time duration (T1), and a third time duration (T3), which immediately follows the second time duration (T2), and
    - the duty cycle increases from 0% to 100% during the first time duration (T1),
    - the duty cycle is constant at 100% within the second time duration (T2), and
    - the duty cycle reduces from 100% to 0% during a third time duration (T3), wherein a rate at which the duty cycle respectively changes during the first time duration (T1) and/or the third time duration (T3) is selected in such a way that the reciprocal value of the rate represents a frequency that is lower than a minimum audible frequency of humans.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the duty cycle is predetermined to change in such a way that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker membrane increases monotonically from a rest position value of the loudspeaker membrane to a predetermined deflection value during the first time duration (T1), the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker membrane has the predetermined deflection value during the second time duration (T2), and the deflection (L) decreases monotonically from the predetermined deflection value to the rest position value during the third time duration (T3).
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the duty cycle is predetermined to change in such a way that the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker membrane increases from the rest position value to the predetermined deflection value in accordance with an increasing sin2 function profile during the first time duration (T1), the deflection (L) of the loudspeaker membrane has the predetermined deflection value during the second time duration (T2), and the deflection (L) decreases from the predetermined deflection value to the rest position value in accordance with a decreasing sin2 function profile during the third time duration (T3).
  7. Device (15) for testing a loudspeaker arrangement (10) comprising a loudspeaker (20), which comprises a loudspeaker membrane for generating an acoustic signal, and an actuation circuit (30) for electrically actuating the loudspeaker (20), the device (15) having a signal generator and being embodied:
    - to apply a digital pulse test signal (P) to the loudspeaker (20) during a respective test sequence duration (TS) by means of the actuation circuit (30),
    - to register a measurement variable (U) during the respective test sequence duration (TS), which measurement variable is representative for a voltage drop across a reference circuit (39) connected in series with the loudspeaker (20), and
    - to classify the loudspeaker arrangement (10) as being functional depending on a comparison between the measurement variable (U) and a predetermined reference value,
    characterized in that the signal generator (50) is embodied to generate the test signal in such a way that the test signal (P) has a predetermined changing duty cycle, the duty cycle being predetermined to change in such a way that, at the start of the test sequence duration (TS), the duty cycle increases over a plurality of period durations of the test sequence duration (TS) and, at the end of the test sequence duration (TS), the duty cycle reduces over a plurality of period durations of the test sequence duration (TS).
EP12791789.6A 2011-12-02 2012-11-30 Method and device for testing a loudspeaker arrangement Active EP2786596B1 (en)

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DE102011087676A DE102011087676A1 (en) 2011-12-02 2011-12-02 Method and device for checking a loudspeaker arrangement
PCT/EP2012/074020 WO2013079629A1 (en) 2011-12-02 2012-11-30 Method and device for testing a loudspeaker arrangement

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