EP1388869B1 - Test circuit for ignition coil and method for testing an ignition coil - Google Patents

Test circuit for ignition coil and method for testing an ignition coil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1388869B1
EP1388869B1 EP03017711A EP03017711A EP1388869B1 EP 1388869 B1 EP1388869 B1 EP 1388869B1 EP 03017711 A EP03017711 A EP 03017711A EP 03017711 A EP03017711 A EP 03017711A EP 1388869 B1 EP1388869 B1 EP 1388869B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition coil
contact
switching element
test circuit
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03017711A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1388869A3 (en
EP1388869A2 (en
Inventor
Detlef Klemmer
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ThyssenKrupp Krause GmbH
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ThyssenKrupp Krause GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE10239114A external-priority patent/DE10239114A1/en
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Krause GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Krause GmbH
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Publication of EP1388869A3 publication Critical patent/EP1388869A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P11/00—Safety means for electric spark ignition, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P11/06—Indicating unsafe conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
    • F02P3/0552—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/12—Ignition, e.g. for IC engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a test circuit for an ignition coil according to the preamble of claim 1. It further relates to a method for testing such an ignition coil with this test circuit.
  • Ignition coils for internal combustion engines are installed prior to installation of the internal combustion engine in a vehicle, e.g. a passenger car, tested in the state installed in the internal combustion engine.
  • the testing process is automated and should be carried out as far as possible without human intervention.
  • due to the constantly increasing cycle times in the production of vehicles a correspondingly fast test is required.
  • Ignition coils have a primary and a secondary inductance in a conventional manner.
  • the ignition process is triggered by means of a switching element arranged in series with the primary inductance, for example a transistor.
  • the voltage curve over the primary inductance is examined. Different approaches have been followed in the past. A direct tap of the voltage across the primary inductance was previously possible via an input of the ignition coil and a special measuring contact. If this measuring contact was not available, it was easy to create the measuring contact with discretely constructed or not encapsulated ignition coils, eg by an electrically conductive connection between Primary inductance and switching element has been contacted. Today, neither the measuring contact is available nor the circuit of the ignition coil for a corresponding Meßabgriff available, so that a direct measurement at the primary inductance is no longer possible.
  • measuring sensors were used which were suitable for detecting the electromagnetic field of the primary inductance. These measuring sensors had to be arranged in sufficient proximity to the primary inductance. This is time consuming and costly because of the complex positioning operations. Due to the design of the internal combustion engines and the arrangement of other components, such as intake manifolds, often a positioning of the measuring sensors in a sufficiently close to the primary inductance for the measurement is not possible.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a test circuit for testing the ignition coil while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a method for testing the ignition coil by means of the test circuit.
  • test circuit with the features of claim 1.
  • This test circuit is characterized by a control element arranged between a supply voltage tap and a first input contact of the ignition coil to be tested, a control tap connected to a second input contact of the ignition coil, a reference voltage tap connected to a switching contact of the ignition coil, and a measuring arrangement arranged between the first and second input contacts out.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that the same conditions can be established for test purposes, when the switching element is permanently switched on and the ignition by means of another, external switching element - the control - is triggered.
  • the advantage of the invention is that by the connectivity of the switching element of the ignition coil with a reference voltage, a permanent switching of the switching element is effected.
  • the switching element thus does not appear for the intended measurement.
  • the voltage across the primary inductance can be tapped at the two input contacts of the ignition coil during the total time during which the switching element remains turned on under the action of the reference voltage. This ensures the observability of the electrical conditions at the primary inductance.
  • the ignition coil is then tested by means of the measuring arrangement connected in parallel with the primary inductance. After triggering the ignition element, the switching element of the ignition coil can not be used, since this must be switched through at least during the entire testing process, the control is provided as an additional switching element, which takes over the same function as before the switching element and triggers the ignition pulse.
  • control element is arranged between the supply voltage and the ignition coil and thus interrupts the electrically conductive connection to the supply voltage and thus to the electrical system of the vehicle, the quality of the measurement itself is improved, since previously unavoidable disturbing influences from the vehicle electrical system quasi "switched off" by the control.
  • the test circuit also protects the switching element, for example a transistor, which is integrated in the ignition coil, in particular a pencil ignition coil, since only a defined reference voltage is applied during the measurement. This can e.g. be specified by the manufacturer of the ignition coil. This ensures that damage to the switching element is excluded by the test.
  • the switching element for example a transistor, which is integrated in the ignition coil, in particular a pencil ignition coil. This ensures that damage to the switching element is excluded by the test.
  • the measuring arrangement comprises a voltage divider with a first and second resistor and a measuring device which is arranged parallel to one of the resistors of the voltage divider, a defined reduction of the voltage applied to the measuring device can be achieved.
  • the measuring device is thus protected from damage or a voltage range is selected in which the measuring device can be used optimally.
  • a diode for limiting the voltage is provided parallel to the voltage divider.
  • test circuit is based on simple electronic components having a sufficiently known characteristic.
  • transistors are less susceptible to interference because they are not subject to any mechanical wear.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 7. It is provided that the supply voltage tap to a supply voltage and the Masseeabgriff are connected to ground potential. Next, the reference voltage tap is connected to a reference voltage and thus causes a switching of the switching element of the ignition coil. To trigger the ignition pulse, the control contact is supplied with a control signal. As a result, a switching of the control element is effected as a function of the course of the control signal, so that the supply voltage is applied to the primary inductance of the ignition coil. To test the ignition coil, the course of the voltage across the primary inductance is monitored by means of the measuring arrangement of the test circuit.
  • FIG. 1 shows an ignition coil 1 with a primary inductance 2, a secondary inductance 3, which is electromagnetically coupled thereto, and a switching element 4 in the form of a transistor.
  • the ignition coil 1, which is preferably a pencil ignition coil, comprises a first and second input contact 5, 6, a first and second output contact 7, 8 and a switching contact 9.
  • the primary inductance 2 and the switching element 4 are in series between the first and second input contact 5, 6 arranged such that the primary inductance 2, the first input contact 5 and the switching element 4, the second input contact 6 faces.
  • the switching element 4, in particular of the formation of the switching element 4 serving transistor is connected to the ignition coil 1, in particular the rod ignition coil, installed. Consequently, the switching element 4 or the transistor is part of the ignition coil 1 or pencil ignition coil, which thus represent a common component.
  • the secondary inductance 3 is arranged between the first and second output contact 7, 8.
  • the switching contact 9 is provided for driving the switching element 4.
  • the ignition coil 1 is connected at its first input contact 5 to a supply voltage and at its second input contact 6 to ground, then the applied supply voltage is always across the primary inductance 2, when the switching element 4 is turned on.
  • the switching element 4 is turned on when it is driven accordingly via the switching contact 9. If the potential at the switching contact 9 disappears, the current flow through the primary inductance 2 collapses, so that the magnetic field of the primary inductance 2 abruptly changes according to known ratios and thus a current flow in the secondary inductance 3 is induced.
  • the short-time high voltage at the secondary inductance 3 is so high that a spark is generated by means of a connected, not shown spark plug.
  • the signal at the switch contact 9 thus provides the ignition pulse.
  • a measuring contact 10 is provided on the side of the primary inductance 2 facing away from the first input contact 5, or such a measuring contact 10 has been created.
  • a measurement between the second input contact 6 and the measuring contact 10 could e.g. the course of the voltage at the primary inductance 2 is examined over time, and it is concluded that the ignition coil 1 is functional.
  • FIG. 2 shows the ignition coil 1 from FIG. 1 without the measuring contact 10.
  • the ignition coil 1 shown in FIG. 2 therefore corresponds to the ignition coils customary in the market today.
  • the ignition coil 1 is connected to the test circuit.
  • This comprises a control element 12, which is arranged between a supply voltage tap 11 and the first input contact 5 of the ignition coil 1 and has a control contact 13.
  • the test circuit Via the supply voltage tap 11, the test circuit is connected to a supply voltage 14, e.g. 12V, connected.
  • the test circuit has a mass tap 15 connected to the second input contact 6.
  • the test circuit has a reference voltage tap 17 connected to the switching contact 9.
  • the test circuit is connected to a reference voltage 18.
  • a preferred value of the reference voltage 18 is e.g. 5V, because it ensures that even with permanent control of the switching element 4 this is not damaged.
  • the test circuit has a measuring arrangement 19 arranged between the first and the second input contact 5, 6.
  • This comprises a voltage divider 20 having a first and a second resistor 21, 22 and a measuring device 23 arranged parallel to the second resistor 22.
  • the applied reference voltage 18 causes the switching element 4 is permanently switched through, so that the electrical conditions at the primary inductance of a measurement are accessible. If the control element 12 is also switched through, the applied supply voltage 14 is applied across the primary inductance 2.
  • the control element 12 is acted on the control contact 13 with an alternating, preferably periodically alternating control signal 24.
  • a signal form for the control signal 24 e.g. a square wave signal with a frequency of 54Hz proved to be advantageous.
  • the control signal 24 is generated by a frequency generator, not shown, so that e.g. the signal shape and / or the frequency of the control signal 24 are variable according to the respective requirements and needs.
  • a test circuit for testing an ignition coil 1 and a method for testing an ignition coil 1 with this test circuit.
  • a measuring point that is accessible in the case of previously used ignition coils 1 by a separate measuring contact 10 was, however, in today commercially available ignition coils 1 for a direct measurement neither spatially due to the encapsulated version of the ignition coil 1 still electrically accessible due to an intermediate switching element 4, made accessible by the fact that the switching element 4 is permanently connected by an application with a reference voltage 18 and thus between the measuring point and an accessible input contact 6 of the ignition coil 1 any significant potential difference disappears.
  • deactivated switching element 4 of the ignition coil 1 is a function of the switching element 4 acquiring control 12 upstream, which triggers the ignition pulse under the action of a control signal 24.
  • a "disturbing" internal switching element 4 is deactivated by the test circuit and, on the other hand, the functionality of the deactivated switching element is taken over by a control element 12 belonging to the test circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

The testing circuit has a control element (12) with a control contact (13) connected between a supply voltage node (11) and a first input contact (5) of the ignition coil (1), the second input contact (6) of the latter connected to an earth node (15) and the switch contact (9), controlling the switch element (4) connected in series with the ignition coil primary inductance (2) between the input contacts, coupled to a reference voltage node (17). A measuring device (19) is connected across the ignition coil input contacts. An independent claim for a testing method for an IC engine ignition coil is also included.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Prüfschaltung für eine Zündspule gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Sie betrifft weiter ein Verfahren zum Prüfen einer solchen Zündspule mit dieser Prüfschaltung.The invention relates to a test circuit for an ignition coil according to the preamble of claim 1. It further relates to a method for testing such an ignition coil with this test circuit.

Zündspulen für Verbrennungsmotoren werden vor dem Einbau des Verbrennungsmotors in ein Fahrzeug, z.B. einen Personenwagen, im in den Verbrennungsmotor eingebauten Zustand geprüft. Der Prüfvorgang ist dabei automatisiert und soll nach Möglichkeit ohne menschlichen Eingriff ablaufen. Darüber hinaus ist aufgrund der stetig steigenden Taktzeiten bei der Fertigung von Fahrzeugen eine entsprechend schnelle Prüfung erforderlich.Ignition coils for internal combustion engines are installed prior to installation of the internal combustion engine in a vehicle, e.g. a passenger car, tested in the state installed in the internal combustion engine. The testing process is automated and should be carried out as far as possible without human intervention. In addition, due to the constantly increasing cycle times in the production of vehicles a correspondingly fast test is required.

Zündspulen weisen in an sich bekannter Weise eine Primär- und eine Sekundärinduktivität auf. Der Zündvorgang wird mittels eines in Reihe mit der Primärinduktivität angeordneten Schaltelementes, z.B. einem Transistor, ausgelöst. Zum Prüfen der Zündspule wird der Spannungsverlauf über der Primärinduktivität untersucht. Dabei sind in der Vergangenheit unterschiedliche Ansätze verfolgt worden. Ein direkter Abgriff der Spannung über der Primärinduktivität war bisher über einen Eingang der Zündspule und einen speziellen Messkontakt möglich. War dieser Messkontakt nicht vorhanden, hat man sich den Messkontakt bei diskret aufgebauten oder nicht gekapselten Zündspulen leicht selbst schaffen können, indem z.B. eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen Primärinduktivität und Schaltelement kontaktiert wurde. Heute ist weder der Messkontakt vorhanden noch die Schaltung der Zündspule für einen entsprechenden Messabgriff zugänglich, so dass eine direkte Messung an der Primärinduktivität nicht mehr möglich ist.Ignition coils have a primary and a secondary inductance in a conventional manner. The ignition process is triggered by means of a switching element arranged in series with the primary inductance, for example a transistor. To test the ignition coil, the voltage curve over the primary inductance is examined. Different approaches have been followed in the past. A direct tap of the voltage across the primary inductance was previously possible via an input of the ignition coil and a special measuring contact. If this measuring contact was not available, it was easy to create the measuring contact with discretely constructed or not encapsulated ignition coils, eg by an electrically conductive connection between Primary inductance and switching element has been contacted. Today, neither the measuring contact is available nor the circuit of the ignition coil for a corresponding Meßabgriff available, so that a direct measurement at the primary inductance is no longer possible.

Aus der Druckschrift US 5,490,489 ist eine Zündanlage bekannt, bei der die Zündung stetig ausgewertet wird.From the document US 5,490,489 an ignition system is known in which the ignition is evaluated continuously.

Um dennoch den Spannungsverlauf an der Primärinduktivität beobachten zu können, hat man Messsensoren verwendet, die zur Erfassung des elektromagnetischen Feldes der Primärinduktivität geeignet waren. Diese Messsensoren mussten in ausreichender Nähe zur Primärinduktivität angeordnet werden. Dies ist wegen der komplexen Positioniervorgänge zeit- und kostenaufwändig. Wegen der Bauweise der Verbrennungsmotoren und der Anordnung von weiteren Komponenten, wie etwa Ansaugkrümmern, ist vielfach ein Positionieren der Messsensoren in einer für die Messung ausreichenden Nähe zur Primärinduktivität überhaupt nicht möglich.Nevertheless, in order to be able to observe the voltage profile at the primary inductance, measuring sensors were used which were suitable for detecting the electromagnetic field of the primary inductance. These measuring sensors had to be arranged in sufficient proximity to the primary inductance. This is time consuming and costly because of the complex positioning operations. Due to the design of the internal combustion engines and the arrangement of other components, such as intake manifolds, often a positioning of the measuring sensors in a sufficiently close to the primary inductance for the measurement is not possible.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Prüfschaltung zum Prüfen der Zündspule bei Vermeidung der oben genannten Nachteile sowie ein Verfahren zum Prüfen der Zündspule mittels der Prüfschaltung anzugeben.The invention is therefore based on the object, a test circuit for testing the ignition coil while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a method for testing the ignition coil by means of the test circuit.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Prüfschaltung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Diese Prüfschaltung zeichnet sich durch ein zwischen einem Versorgungsspannungsabgriff und einem ersten Eingangskontakt der zu prüfenden Zündspule angeordnetes Steuerelement mit einem Steuerkontakt, einen mit einem zweiten Eingangskontakt der Zündspule verbundenen Masseabgriff, einem mit einem Schaltkontakt der Zündspule verbundenen Referenzspannungsabgriff und eine zwischen erstem und zweiten Eingangskontakt angeordnete Messanordnung aus.This object is achieved with a test circuit with the features of claim 1. This test circuit is characterized by a control element arranged between a supply voltage tap and a first input contact of the ignition coil to be tested, a control tap connected to a second input contact of the ignition coil, a reference voltage tap connected to a switching contact of the ignition coil, and a measuring arrangement arranged between the first and second input contacts out.

Nachdem eine externe Messung der Spannungsverlaufs über der Primärinduktivität nur während der kurzen Dauer, während derer das Schaltelement durchgeschaltet ist möglich ist, geht die Erfindung von der Erkenntnis aus, dass sich für Testzwecke gleiche Verhältnisse herstellen lassen, wenn das Schaltelement permanent durchgeschaltet ist und des Zünden mittels eines weiteren, externen Schaltelementes - dem Steuerelement - ausgelöst wird.After an external measurement of the voltage curve over the primary inductance is possible only during the short duration during which the switching element is switched through, the invention is based on the recognition that the same conditions can be established for test purposes, when the switching element is permanently switched on and the ignition by means of another, external switching element - the control - is triggered.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass durch die Verbindbarkeit des Schaltelementes der Zündspule mit einer Referenzspannung ein dauerhaftes Durchschalten des Schaltelementes bewirkbar ist. Das Schaltelement tritt damit für die beabsichtigte Messung nicht in Erscheinung. Die Spannung über der Primärinduktivität kann an den beiden Eingangskontakten der Zündspule abgegriffen werden und zwar während der gesamten Zeit, während derer das Schaltelement unter Beaufschlagung durch die Referenzspannung durchgeschaltet bleibt. Damit ist die Beobachtbarkeit der elektrischen Verhältnisse an der Primärinduktivität gewährleistet. Das Prüfen der Zündspule erfolgt dann mittels der parallel zur Primärinduktivität angeschlossenen Messanordnung. Nachdem zum Auslösen des Zündvorgangs das Schaltelement der Zündspule nicht mehr verwendet werden kann, da dieses zumindest während des gesamten Testvorgangs durchgeschaltet sein muss, ist als zusätzliches Schaltelement das Steuerelement vorgesehen, das die gleiche Funktion wie zuvor das Schaltelement übernimmt und den Zündimpuls auslöst.The advantage of the invention is that by the connectivity of the switching element of the ignition coil with a reference voltage, a permanent switching of the switching element is effected. The switching element thus does not appear for the intended measurement. The voltage across the primary inductance can be tapped at the two input contacts of the ignition coil during the total time during which the switching element remains turned on under the action of the reference voltage. This ensures the observability of the electrical conditions at the primary inductance. The ignition coil is then tested by means of the measuring arrangement connected in parallel with the primary inductance. After triggering the ignition element, the switching element of the ignition coil can not be used, since this must be switched through at least during the entire testing process, the control is provided as an additional switching element, which takes over the same function as before the switching element and triggers the ignition pulse.

Dadurch, dass das Steuerelement zwischen der Versorgungsspannung und der Zündspule angeordnet ist und nach Auslösen des Zündvorgangs damit die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zur Versorgungsspannung und damit zum Bordnetz des Fahrzeugs unterbricht, wird die Qualität der Messung selbst verbessert, denn zuvor unvermeidbare störende Einflüsse aus dem Bordnetz werden durch das Steuerelement quasi "weggeschaltet".Due to the fact that the control element is arranged between the supply voltage and the ignition coil and thus interrupts the electrically conductive connection to the supply voltage and thus to the electrical system of the vehicle, the quality of the measurement itself is improved, since previously unavoidable disturbing influences from the vehicle electrical system quasi "switched off" by the control.

Schließlich wird durch die Prüfschaltung auch das in die Zündspule, insbesondere eine Stabzündspule, integrierte Schaltelement, zum Beispiel ein Transistor, geschützt, denn es wird während der Messung nur mit einer definierten Referenzspannung beaufschlagt. Diese kann z.B. vom Hersteller der Zündspule vorgegeben werden. Damit ist sicher gestellt, dass eine Beschädigung des Schaltelementes durch den Test ausgeschlossen ist.Finally, the test circuit also protects the switching element, for example a transistor, which is integrated in the ignition coil, in particular a pencil ignition coil, since only a defined reference voltage is applied during the measurement. This can e.g. be specified by the manufacturer of the ignition coil. This ensures that damage to the switching element is excluded by the test.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Wenn die Messanordnung einen Spannungsteiler mit einem ersten und zweiten Widerstand und eine Messvorrichtung umfasst, die parallel zu einem der Widerstände des Spannungsteilers angeordnet ist, lässt sich eine definierte Reduktion der an der Messvorrichtung anliegenden Spannung erreichen. Die Messvorrichtung wird damit vor Beschädigungen geschützt oder es wird ein Spannungsbereich ausgewählt, in dem die Messvorrichtung optimal einsetzbar ist.If the measuring arrangement comprises a voltage divider with a first and second resistor and a measuring device which is arranged parallel to one of the resistors of the voltage divider, a defined reduction of the voltage applied to the measuring device can be achieved. The measuring device is thus protected from damage or a voltage range is selected in which the measuring device can be used optimally.

Vorteilhaft ist parallel zum Spannungsteiler eine Diode zur Spannungsbegrenzung vorgesehen. Damit wird ein weiterer Schutz der Messvorrichtung, etwa im Hinblick auf kurzzeitige Spannungsspitzen, erreicht.Advantageously, a diode for limiting the voltage is provided parallel to the voltage divider. Thus, a further protection of the measuring device, for example with regard to short-term voltage peaks, is achieved.

Wenn das Steuerelement und/oder das Schaltelement durch einen Transistor realisiert sind, liegen der Prüfschaltung einfache elektronische Bauelemente mit ausreichend bekannter Charakteristik zugrunde. Zudem sind Transistoren wenig störanfällig da sie keinerlei mechanischem Verschleiß unterworfen sind.If the control element and / or the switching element are realized by a transistor, the test circuit is based on simple electronic components having a sufficiently known characteristic. In addition, transistors are less susceptible to interference because they are not subject to any mechanical wear.

Bezüglich des Verfahrens wird die genannte Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 7. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass der Versorgungsspannungsabgriff mit einer Versorgungsspannung und der Masseabgriff mit Massepotential verbunden werden. Weiter wird der Referenzspannungsabgriff mit einer Referenzspannung verbunden und damit ein Durchschalten des Schaltelementes der Zündspule bewirkt. Zum Auslösen des Zündimpulses wird der Steuerkontakt mit einem Steuersignal beaufschlagt. Dadurch wird ein Durchschalten des Steuerelementes in Abhängigkeit vom Verlauf des Steuersignals bewirkt, so dass die Versorgungsspannung über der Primärinduktivität der Zündspule anliegt. Zum Prüfen der Zündspule wird der Verlauf der Spannung über der Primärinduktivität mittels der Messanordnung der Prüfschaltung überwacht.With regard to the method, the object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 7. It is provided that the supply voltage tap to a supply voltage and the Masseeabgriff are connected to ground potential. Next, the reference voltage tap is connected to a reference voltage and thus causes a switching of the switching element of the ignition coil. To trigger the ignition pulse, the control contact is supplied with a control signal. As a result, a switching of the control element is effected as a function of the course of the control signal, so that the supply voltage is applied to the primary inductance of the ignition coil. To test the ignition coil, the course of the voltage across the primary inductance is monitored by means of the measuring arrangement of the test circuit.

Nachfolgend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Einander entsprechende Gegenstände oder Elemente sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Corresponding objects or elements are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

Darin zeigen:

Fig 1
eine bekannte, heute nicht mehr oder nur noch selten verwendete Zündspule und
Fig 2
eine gebräuchliche, an eine Prüfschaltung angeschlossene Zündspule.
Show:
Fig. 1
a well-known, today no longer or only rarely used ignition coil and
Fig. 2
a common, connected to a test circuit ignition coil.

Fig 1 zeigt eine Zündspule 1 mit einer Primärinduktivität 2, einer damit elektromagnetisch gekoppelten Sekundärinduktivität 3 und einem Schaltelement 4 in Form eines Transistors.1 shows an ignition coil 1 with a primary inductance 2, a secondary inductance 3, which is electromagnetically coupled thereto, and a switching element 4 in the form of a transistor.

Die Zündspule 1, wobei es sich bevorzugt um eine Stabzündspule handelt, umfasst einen ersten und zweiten Eingangskontakt 5, 6, einen ersten und zweiten Ausgangskontakt 7, 8 sowie einen Schaltkontakt 9. Die Primärinduktivität 2 und das Schaltelement 4 sind dabei in Reihe zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Eingangskontakt 5, 6 derart angeordnet, dass die Primärinduktivität 2 dem ersten Eingangskontakt 5 und das Schaltelement 4 dem zweiten Eingangskontakt 6 zugewandt ist. Das Schaltelement 4, insbesondere der zur Bildung des Schalelements 4 dienende Transistor, ist mit der Zündspule 1, insbesondere der Stabzündspule, verbaut. Demzufolge ist das Schaltelement 4 bzw. der Transistor Bestandteil der Zündspule 1 bzw. Stabzündspule, die somit ein gemeinsames Bauteil darstellen.The ignition coil 1, which is preferably a pencil ignition coil, comprises a first and second input contact 5, 6, a first and second output contact 7, 8 and a switching contact 9. The primary inductance 2 and the switching element 4 are in series between the first and second input contact 5, 6 arranged such that the primary inductance 2, the first input contact 5 and the switching element 4, the second input contact 6 faces. The switching element 4, in particular of the formation of the switching element 4 serving transistor is connected to the ignition coil 1, in particular the rod ignition coil, installed. Consequently, the switching element 4 or the transistor is part of the ignition coil 1 or pencil ignition coil, which thus represent a common component.

Die Sekundärinduktivität 3 ist zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Ausgangskontakt 7, 8 angeordnet. Der Schaltkontakt 9 ist zum Ansteuern des Schaltelementes 4 vorgesehen.The secondary inductance 3 is arranged between the first and second output contact 7, 8. The switching contact 9 is provided for driving the switching element 4.

Wird die Zündspule 1 an ihrem ersten Eingangskontakt 5 mit einer Versorgungsspannung und an ihrem zweiten Eingangskontakt 6 mit Masse verbunden, so liegt die angelegte Versorgungsspannung immer dann über der Primärinduktivität 2 an, wenn das Schaltelement 4 durchgeschaltet ist. Das Schaltelement 4 ist durchgeschaltet, wenn es über den Schaltkontakt 9 entsprechend angesteuert wird. Verschwindet das Potential am Schaltkontakt 9, bricht der Stromfluss durch die Primärinduktivität 2 zusammen, so dass sich das Magnetfeld der Primarinduktivität 2 nach an sich bekannten Verhältnissen abrupt ändert und damit ein Stromfluss in der Sekundärinduktivität 3 induziert wird. Die kurzzeitige Hochspannung an der Sekundärinduktivität 3 ist so hoch, dass mittels einer angeschlossenen, nicht dargestellten Zündkerze ein Zündfunke erzeugt wird. Das Signal am Schaltkontakt 9 liefert also den Zündimpuls.If the ignition coil 1 is connected at its first input contact 5 to a supply voltage and at its second input contact 6 to ground, then the applied supply voltage is always across the primary inductance 2, when the switching element 4 is turned on. The switching element 4 is turned on when it is driven accordingly via the switching contact 9. If the potential at the switching contact 9 disappears, the current flow through the primary inductance 2 collapses, so that the magnetic field of the primary inductance 2 abruptly changes according to known ratios and thus a current flow in the secondary inductance 3 is induced. The short-time high voltage at the secondary inductance 3 is so high that a spark is generated by means of a connected, not shown spark plug. The signal at the switch contact 9 thus provides the ignition pulse.

Zur Prüfung der Zündspule 1 auf korrekte Funktion ist an der dem ersten Eingangskontakt 5 abgewandten Seite der Primärinduktivität 2 ein Messkontakt 10 vorgesehen oder es ist ein solcher Messkontakt 10 geschaffen worden. Bei einer Messung zwischen dem zweiten Eingangskontakt 6 und dem Messkontakt 10 konnte z.B. der Verlauf der Spannung an der Primärinduktivität 2 über der Zeit untersucht und dabei auf die Funktionstüchtigkeit der Zündspule 1 geschlossen werden.To test the ignition coil 1 for correct function, a measuring contact 10 is provided on the side of the primary inductance 2 facing away from the first input contact 5, or such a measuring contact 10 has been created. In a measurement between the second input contact 6 and the measuring contact 10 could e.g. the course of the voltage at the primary inductance 2 is examined over time, and it is concluded that the ignition coil 1 is functional.

Heutige Zündspulen weisen aus Rationalisierungs- und Kostengründen keinen Messkontakt 10 mehr auf. Zudem sind sie gekapselt ausgeführt, so dass auch kein solcher Messkontakt 10 mehr geschaffen werden kann.Today's ignition coils have from rationalization and cost reasons no measuring contact 10 more. In addition, they are executed encapsulated, so that no such measuring contact 10 can be created more.

Die Messung des Verlaufs der Spannung an der Primärinduktivität 2 ist jedoch mit der erfindungsgemäßen Prüfschaltung möglich.However, the measurement of the profile of the voltage at the primary inductance 2 is possible with the test circuit according to the invention.

Fig 2 zeigt die Zündspule 1 aus Fig 1 ohne den Messkontakt 10. Die in Fig 2 dargestellte Zündspule 1 entspricht also den heute marktüblichen Zündspulen.FIG. 2 shows the ignition coil 1 from FIG. 1 without the measuring contact 10. The ignition coil 1 shown in FIG. 2 therefore corresponds to the ignition coils customary in the market today.

Die Zündspule 1 ist an die Prüfschaltung angeschlossen. Diese umfasst ein zwischen einem Versorgungsspannungsabgriff 11 und dem ersten Eingangskontakt 5 der Zündspule 1 angeordnetes Steuerelement 12 mit einem Steuerkontakt 13. Über den Versorgungsspannungsabgriff 11 ist die Prüfschaltung an eine Versorgungsspannung 14, z.B. 12V, angeschlossen. Weiter weist die Prüfschaltung einen mit dem zweiten Eingangskontakt 6 verbundenen Masseabgriff 15 auf. Über den Masseabgriff 15 ist die Prüfschaltung an Massepotential 16 angeschlossen. Des Weiteren weist die Prüfschaltung einen mit dem Schaltkontakt 9 verbundenen Referenzspannungsabgriff 17 auf. Über den Referenzspannungsabgriff 17 ist die Prüfschaltung an eine Referenzspannung 18 angeschlossen. Ein bevorzugter Wert der Referenzspannung 18 beträgt z.B. 5V, weil damit sichergestellt ist, dass auch bei dauerhafter Ansteuerung des Schaltelementes 4 dieses nicht beschädigt wird. Schließlich weist die Prüfschaltung eine zwischen erstem und zweitem Eingangskontakt 5, 6 angeordnete Messanordnung 19 auf. Diese umfasst einen Spannungsteiler 20 mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Widerstand 21, 22 sowie eine parallel zum zweiten Widerstand 22 angeordnete Messvorrichtung 23.The ignition coil 1 is connected to the test circuit. This comprises a control element 12, which is arranged between a supply voltage tap 11 and the first input contact 5 of the ignition coil 1 and has a control contact 13. Via the supply voltage tap 11, the test circuit is connected to a supply voltage 14, e.g. 12V, connected. Furthermore, the test circuit has a mass tap 15 connected to the second input contact 6. About the Masseeabgriff 15, the test circuit is connected to ground potential 16. Furthermore, the test circuit has a reference voltage tap 17 connected to the switching contact 9. About the reference voltage tap 17, the test circuit is connected to a reference voltage 18. A preferred value of the reference voltage 18 is e.g. 5V, because it ensures that even with permanent control of the switching element 4 this is not damaged. Finally, the test circuit has a measuring arrangement 19 arranged between the first and the second input contact 5, 6. This comprises a voltage divider 20 having a first and a second resistor 21, 22 and a measuring device 23 arranged parallel to the second resistor 22.

Die anliegende Referenzspannung 18 bewirkt, dass das Schaltelement 4 permanent durchgeschaltet ist, so dass die elektrischen Verhältnisse an der Primärinduktivität einer Messung zugänglich sind. Wenn auch das Steuerelement 12 durchgeschaltet ist, liegt die angelegte Versorgungsspannung 14 über der Primärinduktivität 2 an. Das Steuerelement 12 wird am Steuerkontakt 13 mit einem alternierenden, vorzugsweise periodisch alternierenden Steuersignal 24 beaufschlagt. Als Signalform für das Steuersignal 24 hat sich z.B. ein Rechtecksignal mit einer Frequenz von 54Hz als vorteilhaft herausgestellt. Das Steuersignal 24 wird von einem nicht dargestellten Frequenzgenerator erzeugt, so dass z.B. die Signalform und/oder die Frequenz der Steuersignals 24 entsprechend der jeweiligen Vorgaben und Bedürfnisse variierbar sind. Wenn das Potential am Steuerkontakt 13 verschwindet, bricht der Stromfluss durch die Primärinduktivität 2 zusammen, so dass sich das Magnetfeld der Primarinduktivität 2 nach an sich bekannten Verhältnissen abrupt ändert und damit eine Hochspannung in der Sekundärinduktivität 3 induziert wird, die so hoch ist, dass sie geeignet ist, einen Zündfunken mittels einer an die Sekundärinduktivität 3 angeschlossenen, nicht dargestellten Zündkerze zu erzeugen.The applied reference voltage 18 causes the switching element 4 is permanently switched through, so that the electrical conditions at the primary inductance of a measurement are accessible. If the control element 12 is also switched through, the applied supply voltage 14 is applied across the primary inductance 2. The control element 12 is acted on the control contact 13 with an alternating, preferably periodically alternating control signal 24. As a signal form for the control signal 24, e.g. a square wave signal with a frequency of 54Hz proved to be advantageous. The control signal 24 is generated by a frequency generator, not shown, so that e.g. the signal shape and / or the frequency of the control signal 24 are variable according to the respective requirements and needs. When the potential at the control contact 13 disappears, the current flow through the primary inductance 2 collapses, so that the magnetic field of the primary inductance 2 abruptly changes according to known ratios and thus induces a high voltage in the secondary inductance 3 which is so high that it is suitable to generate a spark by means of a connected to the secondary inductance 3, not shown spark plug.

Damit lässt sich die Erfindung kurz wie folgt darstellen:Thus, the invention can be briefly represented as follows:

Es wird eine Prüfschaltung zum Prüfen einer Zündspule 1 und ein Verfahren zum Prüfen einer Zündspule 1 mit dieser Prüfschaltung angegeben. Dabei wird ein Messpunkt, der bei früher gebräuchlichen Zündspulen 1 durch einen separaten Messkontakt 10 zugänglich war, der aber bei heute marktüblichen Zündspulen 1 für eine direkte Messung weder räumlich aufgrund der gekapselten Ausführung der Zündspule 1 noch elektrisch aufgrund eines zwischengeschalteten Schaltelementes 4 zugänglich ist, dadurch zugänglich gemacht, dass das Schaltelement 4 durch eine Beaufschlagung mit einer Referenzspannung 18 permanent durchgeschaltet ist und damit zwischen dem Messpunkt und einem zugänglichen Eingangskontakt 6 der Zündspule 1 jede signifikante Potentialdifferenz verschwindet. Anstelle des damit deaktivierten Schaltelementes 4 wird der Zündspule 1 ein die Funktion des Schaltelementes 4 übernehmendes Steuerelement 12 vorgeschaltet, das unter Beaufschlagung durch ein Steuersignal 24 den Zündimpuls auslöst. Durch die Prüfschaltung wird also einerseits ein "störendes" internes Schaltelement 4 deaktiviert und andererseits die Funktionalität des deaktivierten Schaltelementes durch ein zur Prüfschaltung gehöriges Steuerelement 12 übernommen.There is provided a test circuit for testing an ignition coil 1 and a method for testing an ignition coil 1 with this test circuit. In this case, a measuring point that is accessible in the case of previously used ignition coils 1 by a separate measuring contact 10 was, however, in today commercially available ignition coils 1 for a direct measurement neither spatially due to the encapsulated version of the ignition coil 1 still electrically accessible due to an intermediate switching element 4, made accessible by the fact that the switching element 4 is permanently connected by an application with a reference voltage 18 and thus between the measuring point and an accessible input contact 6 of the ignition coil 1 any significant potential difference disappears. Instead of the thus deactivated switching element 4 of the ignition coil 1 is a function of the switching element 4 acquiring control 12 upstream, which triggers the ignition pulse under the action of a control signal 24. Thus, on the one hand, a "disturbing" internal switching element 4 is deactivated by the test circuit and, on the other hand, the functionality of the deactivated switching element is taken over by a control element 12 belonging to the test circuit.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Zündspuleignition coil
22
Primärinduktivitätprimary inductance
33
Sekundärinduktivitätsecondary inductance
44
Schaltelementswitching element
55
erster Eingangskontaktfirst input contact
66
zweiter Eingangskontaktsecond input contact
77
erster Ausgangskontaktfirst output contact
88th
zweiter Ausgangskontaktsecond output contact
99
Schaltkontaktswitching contact
1010
Messkontaktmeasuring contact
1111
Versorgungsspannungsabgriffsupply voltage rail
1212
Steuerelementcontrol
1313
Steuerkontaktcontrol contact
1414
Versorgungsspannungsupply voltage
1515
Masseabgriffground tap
1616
Massepotentialground potential
1717
Referenzspannungsabgriffreference voltage tap
1818
Referenzspannungreference voltage
1919
Messanordnungmeasuring arrangement
2020
Spannungsteilervoltage divider
2121
erster Widerstandfirst resistance
2222
zweiter Widerstandsecond resistance
2323
Messvorrichtungmeasuring device
2424
Steuersignalcontrol signal
2525
Diodediode

Claims (7)

  1. Test circuit for testing an ignition coil (1) comprising a primary inductance (2), a secondary inductance (3), which is electromagnetically coupled thereto, and a switching element (4),
    - the ignition coil (1) comprising a first and second input contact (5, 6), a first and second output contact (7, 8) and a switching contact (9),
    - the primary inductance (2) and the switching element (4) being arranged in series between the first and second input contact (5, 6) such that the primary inductance (2) faces the first input contact (5) and the switching element (4) faces the second input contact (6),
    - the secondary inductance (3) being arranged between the first and second output contact (7, 8) and
    - the switching contact (9) being provided for driving the switching element (4),
    characterized by
    - a control element (12) arranged between a supply voltage tap (11) and the first input contact (5) and having a control contact (13),
    - an earth tap (15) connected to the second input contact (6),
    - a reference voltage tap (17) connected to the switching contact (9), and
    - a measuring arrangement (19) arranged between the first and second input contact (5, 6).
  2. Test circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the measuring arrangement (19) comprises a voltage divider (20) having a first and second resistor (21, 22) and a measuring apparatus (23), which is arranged in parallel with one of the resistors (21, 22) of the voltage divider (20).
  3. Test circuit according to Claim 2, characterized in that a diode (25) for voltage limitation is provided in parallel with the voltage divider (20).
  4. Test circuit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switching element (4) and/or the control element (12) are realized by a transistor.
  5. Test circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ignition coil (1) is in the form of a pencil ignition coil.
  6. Test circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching element (4) is integrated in the ignition coil (1), in particular the pencil ignition coil.
  7. Method for testing an ignition coil (1), in particular in accordance with the precharacterizing clause of Claim 1 having a test circuit, preferably according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized by the following steps:
    a) the supply voltage tap (11) is connected to a supply voltage (14),
    b) the earth tap (15) is connected to earth potential (16),
    c) the reference voltage tap (17) is connected to a reference voltage (18) and therefore causes the switching element (4) to be switched on,
    d) the control contact (13) has a control signal (24) applied to it, and this control signal causes the control element (12) to be switched on depending on the profile of the control signal (24),
    e) the profile of the voltage across the primary inductance (2) is determined and/or monitored.
EP03017711A 2002-08-05 2003-08-02 Test circuit for ignition coil and method for testing an ignition coil Expired - Lifetime EP1388869B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10235848 2002-08-05
DE10235848 2002-08-05
DE10239114 2002-08-27
DE10239114A DE10239114A1 (en) 2002-08-05 2002-08-27 Test circuit for an ignition coil and method for testing an ignition coil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1388869A2 EP1388869A2 (en) 2004-02-11
EP1388869A3 EP1388869A3 (en) 2006-04-26
EP1388869B1 true EP1388869B1 (en) 2007-04-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03017711A Expired - Lifetime EP1388869B1 (en) 2002-08-05 2003-08-02 Test circuit for ignition coil and method for testing an ignition coil

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EP (1) EP1388869B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE360875T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50307122D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10356448A1 (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-07-07 Volkswagen Ag Testing method for an ignition coil uses a high-voltage connection for picking up a high voltage produced by the ignition coil
CN109444548A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-08 天津斯巴克瑞汽车电子股份有限公司 A kind of automobile multiple groups output winding AUTOMATIC STATIC testboard and implementation method

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0344349B1 (en) * 1988-06-03 1994-12-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Detecting misfiring in spark ignition engines
DE4035957A1 (en) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert METHOD FOR FUNCTION MONITORING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4039356C1 (en) * 1990-12-10 1992-07-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De
DE4140147A1 (en) * 1991-12-05 1993-06-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De IGNITION SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

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DE50307122D1 (en) 2007-06-06
EP1388869A3 (en) 2006-04-26
EP1388869A2 (en) 2004-02-11
ATE360875T1 (en) 2007-05-15

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