EP2786039B1 - Brake pad and method for producing a brake pad - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a brake shoe with a lining carrier and a friction lining, wherein the friction lining is fixed by means of at least one bolt on the lining carrier. The friction lining can be worn down to a wear limit.

Brake shoes of the type mentioned are known in the art. The construction of brake shoes, in particular brake shoes for disc brakes, is often similar in its basic structure. A friction lining is applied to a lining carrier. During braking, the friction lining comes into frictional contact with a brake disk or a brake drum and thereby converts kinetic energy into heat energy. The friction lining is usually a wearing part, it wears off during operation. It is common for friction linings to have a defined wear limit up to which the brake shoes can be used. After that they should be exchanged. The lining carrier absorbs the forces generated during braking and derives them.

From the EP 1 567 783 B1 is known a disc brake, in particular a brake pad with a lining carrier and a friction lining, wherein the lining carrier for integrating the friction lining at least one bolt is seated, wherein the bolt, starting from the lining carrier, the friction lining from about the middle to about the lining surface passes through, wherein the bolt a non-non-ferrous metal is formed and the bolt abrades with the friction lining in operation during braking. The bolt is welded onto the lining carrier. The bolt can be made of brass.

From the DE 94 17 974 U1 a brake shoe is known which has a lining carrier plate with a disc brake lining pressed thereon and a damping plate mounted on the other side of the lining carrier plate. The damping plate is for attachment with at least two countersunk screws, which are made of brass exist and, each protrude through a hole in the lining carrier plate, bolted to the disc brake pad or glued thereto for additional vibration damping. The thread of the screw engages in a blind hole in the disc brake pad. The countersunk screw has a blind hole in the region of the head for receiving a plug contact for a wear indicator. The countersunk screw serves as a contact for a wear indicator. The countersunk screw should penetrate so deeply into the friction mass, that the contact with the brake disc is made by wear of the friction lining, before the friction material is completely removed.

From the DE 695 02 327 T2 a brake pad assembly is known, which has a metallic base plate with a friction lining arranged thereon. The friction lining is mechanically fastened to the base plate by means of rivets. The rivets protrude into about the middle of the friction lining.

From the DE 10 2008 014 550 B4 For example, a brake pad carrier plate is known for attaching a brake pad to the brake pad carrier plate with bolts pressed therein. The brake lining carrier plate has for this purpose a plurality of depressions, in which engage the bolts. The retaining bolts are made of metallic material which has the same or lower frictional wear characteristics as the brake pad material.

From the DE 197 40 597 B4 is known a disc brake, which consists of a friction lining and a lining carrier, wherein the lining carrier is connected by means of different fastening means with the friction lining. To produce the disc brake, the friction lining in the hot state is pressed onto the lining carrier, whereby the said fastening means are enclosed by the friction lining and thereby hold it in a form-fitting manner.

From the DE 23 27 548 A a brake shoe is known, wherein the friction lining is fastened interchangeably by means of rivets or screws on a support. Such friction linings can only be worn down to rivet or screw head thickness.

The EP 1 567 783 B1 discloses a disc brake which consists of a lining carrier and a friction lining. The attachment of the friction lining to the lining carrier via a bolt, softer consists of a non-ferrous metal and abrades during operation together with the friction lining during braking.

WO 02/23060 A1 describes a brake shoe with a friction lining for a drum brake. The friction lining has on its surface one or more grooves. The brake shoe can be used in a cooled drum brake system where cooling is through vents in the drum.

DE 10 2004 038 804 A1 discloses a clutch disc on which a friction lining is arranged directly or indirectly via a carrier element. The friction lining is connected via a fastening element in the form of a fitting sleeve which extends into a bore in the clutch disc with this. The interference fit in the clutch sprocket is created by a tool with a frusto-conical end portion, which is inserted into the interior of the fitting sleeve.

GB 264,479 relates to a friction lining which is glued to a carrier plate, which serves as an intermediate carrier. For easy change of the friction lining of this intermediate carrier is connected to the actual support member via rivets, screws or bolts.

A disadvantage of the prior art is that on the one hand, the manufacture of the disc brake is relatively expensive and on the other hand, the bolt affects the braking behavior and the background noise. The vote of a corresponding disc brake is much more difficult and only within narrow limits possible as in brake shoes, in which the choice of material is completely free.

The object of the invention is thus to further develop a brake shoe of the type mentioned in that it is easy to manufacture and better tuned.

The object is achieved by a brake shoe according to claim 1 and by a A method for producing a brake shoe according to the independent claim 12. Further embodiments of the invention are subject of the dependent claims.

A brake shoe according to the invention has a lining carrier and a friction lining, wherein the friction lining is fixed by means of at least one bolt on the lining carrier. The at least one bolt allows a good introduction of force from the friction lining in the lining carrier. Shear forces between the friction lining and lining carrier are reduced by the bolt in the area of their connection, since these are diverted via the at least one bolt.

The friction lining can be worn down to a wear limit that depends on the specific application and must not be exceeded during normal operation.

According to the invention it is provided that the bolt extends into the friction lining below or below the wear limit, so that the at least one bolt is worn below at least one friction lining that is not worn down to the wear limit Friction surface of the friction lining is located. In this way it is prevented that the bolt comes in regular operation with the friction partner of the brake shoe, such as a brake disc or a brake drum in touch. With the help of the invention it is achieved that only the friction lining ever interacts with the corresponding friction partner, which simplifies the design of the friction lining with regard to noise development and braking behavior.

If the bolt protrudes to the wear limit, it is also possible to use with the occurring when reaching the wear limit sudden interaction between the bolt and friction partner changing braking and / or noise behavior as a wear indicator.

According to a first possible further embodiment of the invention can be provided that the lining carrier consists of a first material and the at least one bolt of a second material, wherein the second material is softer than the first material, so the first material is harder than the second Material. Thus, the least one bolt may have an excess and deform during pressing such that the bolt is positively and non-positively fixed in the lining carrier. This method saves work steps and energy compared to a fixed welding, so that the method is cheaper to carry out than welding methods.

According to the invention it is provided that the at least one bolt is pressed from the top of the lining carrier plate in the lining carrier. This ensures that the resulting compound withstands high temperatures and high loads.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided that the second material has a lower strength than the first material. This facilitates the driving of the bolts in the lining carrier.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided that the lining carrier at least one return or at least one Through hole for receiving the at least one bolt, wherein the recess or the through hole has a small inside diameter than the at least one bolt. In this way, the at least one bolt is driven during the compression in the least a return or in the at least one through-hole under deformation.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided that the friction lining has at least one recess or a through-hole for receiving the at least one bolt. This facilitates the introduction of the at least one bolt in the friction lining.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention can be provided between the lining carrier and friction lining, an intermediate layer. The intermediate layer serves for damping between the lining carrier and friction lining and thus the noise optimization during braking.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention, the at least one bolt may have a head which is arranged on the side facing away from the friction lining of the lining carrier. The bolt is therefore driven according to this embodiment, the rear side in the lining carrier and passes through this completely, whereby a tight fit of the at least one bolt is secured in the lining carrier.

The reverse embodiment is conceivable within the scope of the invention, wherein a bolt head is arranged on the friction lining side.

According to another possible embodiment of the invention may be arranged on the side facing away from the lining carrier a damping plate.

According to a conceivable embodiment, the bolt can be pressed into the lining carrier and the damping plate, whereby the damping plate is fixed to the lining carrier and the function of the damping plate is not impaired.

According to an alternative embodiment, the bolt may project beyond the side facing away from the friction lining of the lining carrier. Thus, the bolt forms an anchor point for the damping plate.

• Bereithalten eines Belagträgers und wenigstens eines Bolzens;
• Bereithalten von Reibmaterial und/oder Zwischenschicht und/oder Reibbelag mit oder ohne Zwischenschicht
• Positionieren der Belagträgerplatte relative zum Reibmaterial und oder Zwischenschicht und oder Reibbelag mit oder ohne Zwischenschicht sowie
• Verpressen der wenigstens einen Bolzen mit der Belagträgerplatte sowie
• Verpressen der Belagträgerplatte mit dem Reibmaterial und oder Zwischenschicht und oder Reibbelag mit oder ohne Zwischenschicht

A first independent subject matter of the invention relates to a method for producing a brake shoe, the method having the following method steps:

• Providing a lining carrier and at least one bolt;
• Provision of friction material and / or intermediate layer and / or friction lining with or without an intermediate layer
• Positioning of the lining carrier plate relative to the friction material and or intermediate layer and or friction lining with or without an intermediate layer as well
• Pressing the at least one bolt with the lining carrier plate and
• Pressing the lining carrier plate with the friction material and / or intermediate layer and or friction lining with or without an intermediate layer

The penultimate two steps may also be reversed in their order, so that the pressing of the at least one bolt is performed prior to the positioning of the lining carrier relative to the friction material and / or intermediate layer and / or friction lining with or without intermediate layer.

According to a first possible further embodiment of the method according to the invention, provision can be made for the at least one bolt to be inserted in a through-passage of the lining carrier relative to the lining carrier plate before the friction lining is positioned.

According to a first possible further embodiment of the method according to the invention, it can be provided that the pressing is carried out with a press ram having a projection and wherein the bolt is pressed by means of the projection. The compression can force and / or path controlled be. In a path control, the bolt can be pressed into a predetermined depth in the lining carrier plate.

The inventive method is carried out in particular for the production of a brake shoe according to the inventive idea described above.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Bremsbacke gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Figur 2

Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Bremsbacke;

Figur 3

das Pressen einer erfindungsgemäßen Bremsbacke sowie

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Bremsbacke gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform.

Other objects, features and advantageous applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. All described and / or illustrated features in their meaningful combination form the subject of the present invention, also independent of the claims and their back references. In the embodiment schematically show:

FIG. 1

a cross section through a brake shoe according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2

Method steps for producing a brake shoe according to the invention;

FIG. 3

the pressing of a brake shoe according to the invention and

FIG. 4

a cross section through a brake shoe according to the invention according to a second embodiment.

In the following embodiments, identical or equivalent components are provided with the same reference numerals for better readability.

FIG. 1 shows a brake shoe 2 according to the invention in a cross section.

As a lining carrier of the brake shoe 2, a lining carrier plate 4 is provided, with which a friction lining 6 is connected. The connection between lining carrier plate 4 and friction lining 6 is achieved by means of an intermediate layer 8.

The lining carrier plate of the embodiment shown here is made of titanium. Titanium backing plates have particularly favorable properties for brake shoes. However, the invention can also be realized with lining carrier plates of materials other than titanium.

In the lining carrier plate 4, a bolt 10 is pressed from an upper side 4.1 of the lining carrier plate 4. The bolt 10 is made of a material which is softer than the titanium used for the lining carrier plate 4, for example brass.

The bolt 10 extends completely through the lining carrier plate 4 and projects into the friction lining 6.

The friction lining 6 has a wear limit 12, which protrudes close to the intermediate layer 8. The bolt 10 extends to the corresponding wear limit 12. In normal operation, the bolt 10 is covered by a layer of the friction lining 6.

By pressing the bolt 10 into the lining carrier plate 4, shearing stresses arising during braking can be dissipated to the brake shoe 2 via the bolt 10 in the lining carrier plate, so that the shear force to be dissipated via the intermediate layer 8 decreases and the brake shoe 2 becomes more loadable.

FIG. 2 shows a method step in the manufacture of a brake shoe 2 according to the invention.

In the illustrated method step, the bolt 10 is pressed from the top side 4.1 of the lining carrier plate 4 into a passage opening 14 in the lining carrier plate 4. The passage opening 14 has a clear width D1, which is smaller than a width D2 of the bolt 10. The passage opening 14 is widened conically in the region of the top 4.1 of the lining carrier plate 4. In the conical expansion 4.2, a head 10.1 of the bolt 10 and the deformed during pressing material of the bolt 10 are received, so that the bolt 10 does not protrude beyond the top 4.1 of the lining carrier plate 4.

The bolt 10 has a lower end portion 10.2, which has a smaller diameter than the passage opening 14. Thus, the insertion and positioning of the bolt 10 is facilitated.

FIG. 3 shows the pressing of a brake shoe 2 according to the invention.

For pressing a ram 16 is used, which is pressed from the top 4.1 of the lining carrier plate 4 on the brake shoe 2 to be pressed. The pressing die 16 has a projection 18, which is designed to press the bolt 10 into the passage opening 14 of the lining carrier plate 4.

The pressing process is controlled away, in order to press the bolt 10 a certain depth in the lining carrier plate 4.

FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a brake shoe 2 'according to the invention.

On the top 4.1 of the lining carrier plate 4, a damping plate 20 is arranged. The damping plate 20 is fixed by means of the bolt 10 on the lining carrier plate 4.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2, 2 '

brake shoe

4

Backing plate

4.1

top

4.2

conical expansion

6

friction lining

6.1

friction surface

8th

interlayer

10

bolt

10.1

bolt head

10.2

lower end area

12

wear limit

14

drilling

16

press die

18

punch protrusion

20

damping plate

D1

Width of the hole 14

D2

Diameter of the bolt 10

Claims (13)

1. Brake shoe, having a lining carrier (4) with an upper side (4.1) and a friction lining (6) which is fixed to the lining carrier (4) by means of at least one pin (10), and it being possible for the friction lining (6) to be worn as far as a wear limit (12), characterized in that the pin (10) protrudes into the friction lining (6) as far as below the wear limit (12), with the result that the at least one pin (10) remains below a friction face (6.1) of the friction lining (6) at least in the case of a friction lining (6) which is not completely worn, and in that the at least one pin (10) is pressed into the lining carrier (4) from the upper side (4.1) of the lining carrier plate.
2. Brake shoe according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lining carrier (4) is composed of a first material and the at least one pin (10) is composed of a second material, the second material being softer than the first material.
3. Brake shoe according to Claim 2, characterized in that the second material has a lower shear strength than the first material.
4. Brake shoe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lining carrier (4) has at least one indentation or at least one through recess (14) for receiving the at least one pin (10), which through recess (14) has a smaller inside width than the at least one pin (10).
5. Brake shoe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the friction lining (6) has at least one indentation or one through opening for receiving the at least one pin (10).
6. Brake shoe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an intermediate layer (8) is provided between the lining carrier (4) and the friction lining (6).
7. Brake shoe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pin (10) has a head (10.1), the head (10.1) of the at least one pin (10) being arranged on that side (4.1) of the lining carrier (4) which faces away from the friction lining (6).
8. Brake shoe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a damping plate (20) is arranged on the side which faces away from the lining carrier (4).
9. Brake shoe according to Claim 8, characterized in that the pin (10) is pressed into the lining carrier (4) and the damping plate (20).
10. Brake shoe according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pin (10) protrudes beyond that side of the lining carrier (4) which faces away from the friction lining (6).
11. Method for producing a brake shoe (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, having the following method steps:

    - provision of a lining carrier (4) and at least one pin (10);

    - provision of friction material with or without an intermediate layer;

    - positioning of the lining carrier (4) relative to the friction material with or without an intermediate layer;

    - positioning of the at least one pin (10) relative to the lining carrier (4);

    - pressing of the at least one pin (10) with the lining carrier (4);

    - pressing of the lining carrier (4) having at least one pin (10) with the friction material with or without an intermediate layer.
12. Method according to Claim 11, the at least one pin (10) being inserted into a though recess of the lining carrier (4) before the pressing of the friction material (6) with or without an intermediate layer (8).
13. Method according to Claim 11 or 12, the pressing being carried out by way of a punch (16) which has a projection (18), and the pin (10) being pressed by means of the projection (18).

Images