EP2783177B1 - Device for controlling the temperature of objects - Google Patents

Device for controlling the temperature of objects Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2783177B1
EP2783177B1 EP12797692.6A EP12797692A EP2783177B1 EP 2783177 B1 EP2783177 B1 EP 2783177B1 EP 12797692 A EP12797692 A EP 12797692A EP 2783177 B1 EP2783177 B1 EP 2783177B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
burner
gas
tunnel
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP12797692.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2783177A1 (en
Inventor
Apostolos Katefidis
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Eisenmann SE
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Eisenmann SE
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/022—Heating arrangements using combustion heating incinerating volatiles in the dryer exhaust gases, the produced hot gases being wholly, partly or not recycled into the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for tempering objects, in particular for drying coated vehicle bodies, having the features of claim 1.
  • the invention will be described below as an example of vehicle bodies as an object, but the invention also relates to devices for other objects which have to be tempered in a production process.
  • tempering so hereby meant the bringing about a certain temperature of the object, which initially does not have this. It may be a temperature increase or a temperature decrease.
  • a "tempered air” is understood to mean one which has the temperature required for temperature control of the object.
  • a common case of tempering in the automotive industry, namely, heating of vehicle bodies is the process of drying wet vehicle bodies or drying the coating of a vehicle body, whether it be a paint or an adhesive or the like. Accordingly, other moist objects than vehicle bodies or the coating of other objects can be dried.
  • the following description of the invention in detail is based on the example of such a dryer for vehicle bodies.
  • drying means all processes in which the coating of the vehicle bodywork, in particular a lacquer, can be cured, be this by expelling solvents or by crosslinking the coating substance.
  • the burner air required for operating the burner unit is removed in known devices via a separate compressing blower from the environment.
  • the burner air must be heated from the ambient temperature to the burner temperature and is taken from the environment as clean air, which is contaminated in their use and can be optionally prepared before returning to the environment.
  • exhaust air from the tunnel section is used to generate the hot primary gas flow through which the recirculation air is heated.
  • no clean ambient air is used as the burner air, but already contaminated exhaust air from the temperature control used for this purpose.
  • This exhaust air is already hotter than the ambient air and therefore does not need to be heated to the same extent in the burner unit as fresh ambient air. This improves overall the energy balance of the device.
  • the heating unit is set up such that the burner air is guided to the burner unit after the burner air has flowed through the heat exchanger and was heated there. In this way, the burner air reaches the burner unit at a high temperature, so that the heating of the burner air necessary there is reduced even further.
  • the device can be adapted in a simple manner to different objects to be tempered.
  • a valve may be present in the flow path.
  • the burner unit is a thermal afterburning device.
  • the afterburning and thus the disposal of solvent-containing exhaust air is integrated into the heating unit and only a portion of the air extracted from the tunnel section recycled as circulating air back into the tunnel section.
  • the burner unit is a gas burner, in particular a surface burner.
  • a dryer 10 is shown schematically as an example of a device for controlling the temperature of objects.
  • the dryer 10 comprises a thermally insulated dryer housing 12 in which a drying tunnel 14 is accommodated as a tempering tunnel through which motor vehicle bodies not specifically shown are conveyed through in the passage.
  • the dryer 10 comprises a known per se conveyor system for the vehicle bodies, which is also not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the drying tunnel 14 is supplied with heated air to dry the vehicle bodies or a coating applied thereto. If in the present case “drying” is mentioned, then all processes are meant in which the coating of the vehicle bodywork, in particular a lacquer, can be cured, be this by expelling solvents or by crosslinking the coating substance.
  • the dryer 10 comprises a thermal post-combustion device 16 and a downstream exhaust heat exchanger 18 and a plurality of identical heating units 20, which will be discussed below.
  • the thermal post-combustion device 16 is a gas burner to which exhaust air from the drying tunnel 14 is supplied via an exhaust air line 22 by means of an exhaust fan 24.
  • the exhaust air from the drying tunnel 14 is mixed with fuel gas and burned the exhaust air / gas mixture thus obtained, whereby the pollutants contained in the exhaust air are rendered harmless.
  • the treated by heating in the thermal afterburner 16 and freed of pollutants exhaust air then passes into the exhaust heat exchanger 18 in which is heated by the heated exhaust fresh air, which is supplied to the exhaust heat exchanger 18 by means of a fresh air blower 26.
  • This heated fresh air is then conveyed by the exhaust air heat exchanger 18 via Frischluftzu09 Gustaven 28 in the drying tunnel 14 preferably via its inlet and outlet area.
  • the temperature required for drying is in the drying tunnel 14 maintained by the heating units 20, which are arranged as a compact gas burner units along the drying tunnel 14 and form a burner system.
  • Each heating unit 20 is associated with a tunnel section T defined by the drying tunnel 14, of which the drying tunnel 14 has a plurality.
  • six tunnel sections T1 to T6 and six associated heating units 20 are shown by way of example.
  • the tunnel sections T1 to T6 are structurally not separated from each other in the present embodiment.
  • Tunnel air is supplied to each of the heating units 20 through an air outlet of the associated tunnel section T designed as an outlet line 30.
  • the outlet line 30 merges into a useful air line 32, in which a delivery fan 34 is arranged.
  • the useful air line 32 passes through a heat exchanger coil 36 of a heat exchanger 38 to a distributor device 40, which divides the useful air flow coming from the useful air line 32 into a recirculating air flow and an exhaust air flow, after the useful air has passed through the heat exchanger 38.
  • the circulating air is blown back into the associated tunnel section T of the drying tunnel 14 through an air outlet formed as an inlet line 42.
  • the exhaust air serves as burner air for a burner unit in the form of a gas burner 44, to which the exhaust air is supplied as burner air flow via a burner air duct 46.
  • a gas burner 44 a surface burner has proven itself in practice, as it is known in and of itself.
  • the distributor device 40 and the burner air line 46 thus form a burner supply device via which the gas burner 44 exhaust air from the associated tunnel section is supplied as a burner air flow for generating the hot primary gas.
  • the gas burner 44 is supplied with the required fuel gas from a fuel gas source 48 via a fuel gas line 50.
  • the volume flow of the fuel gas can be adjusted by means of a valve 52 which is arranged in the fuel gas line 50.
  • the solvents in the exhaust air are largely burned, resulting in hot combustion gases as the primary gas.
  • These hot combustion gases are fed via a feed line 54 to the heat exchanger 38, where they heat the flowing through the heat exchanger coil 36 solvent-containing useful air, which consequently flows with the temperature reached there as solvent-containing burner air in the gas burner 44.
  • the hot combustion gases of the gas burner 44 are discharged after flowing through the heat exchanger coil 36 of the heat exchanger 38 via an exhaust pipe 56 which is connected as a manifold with the heat exchanger coils 36 all heating units 20 and opens at a junction in an exhaust duct 58 through which the exhaust gases as the exhaust gases the post-combustion device 16 are discharged via the roof.
  • the primary gas of the gas burner 44 thus heats in the heat exchanger 38 both recirculation air, which is again supplied to the associated tunnel section T in a circuit via the air inlet line 42, and exhaust air, which is supplied to the gas burner 44 as burner air.
  • the distribution device 40 of a heating unit 20 may be adjustable, so that the volume flows can be adjusted, which as recirculation air back into the drying tunnel 14 and are guided as burner air to the gas burner 44.
  • the proportion of the tunnel air branched off as burner air is of the order of magnitude of approximately 1% of the tunnel air which flows from the tunnel section T of the associated heating unit 20 into the outlet line 30.
  • the distribution device 40 may be formed, for example, that an access opening 60 of the burner air duct 46 is arranged in the leading to the drying tunnel 14 inlet pipe 42, that part of the coming of the heat exchanger 38 through the Nutzlufttechnisch 32 useful air into the burner air duct 46th flows while the other part enters the inlet pipe 32 and above in the drying tunnel 14.
  • the heat exchanger coil 36 of the heat exchanger 38 may be formed as a tube bundle 62 through which flow the hot combustion gases of the gas burner 44, the combustion chamber is denoted by 64.
  • the combustion chamber 64 is denoted by 64.
  • FIG. 2 enter the hot combustion gases from the combustion chamber 64 behind the plane in the not specifically provided with a reference numeral single tubes of the tube bundle 62, flow through this before the plane and enter there via a manifold 66 in the exhaust pipe 56 a.
  • FIG. 3 The air and gas guide in the gas burner 44 is shown schematically in FIG. 3 illustrated.
  • the burner air passes via the burner air line 46 first into a combustion chamber antechamber 70, from where it flows via a swirl body 72 into a mixing zone 74 of the gas burner 44, which surrounds the discharge opening of the gas nozzle 68.
  • the swirler 72 By the swirler 72, the burner air is mixed prior to entering the mixing zone 74 in swirl, whereby targeted turbulence and turbulence are generated to promote the mixing of the burner air and the fuel gas.
  • the swirl body 72 may include, for example, flow channels or wing elements through which the burner air is caused to swirl when flowing through the swirl body 72.
  • the mixing zone 74 in turn comprises a cylindrical core region 76 around the gas nozzle 68 and an annular space 78 coaxially surrounding this core region 76, for which purpose a cylindrical inner wall 80 and a cylindrical outer wall 82 are present in the mixing zone 74.
  • a cylindrical inner wall 80 and a cylindrical outer wall 82 are present in the mixing zone 74.
  • the burner air which has flowed through the swirler 70, divided. Part of the burner air thus enters the core region 76 as primary air, the other part flows into the annular space 78 as secondary air.
  • the annular space 78 is also connected via an annular gap 84 with the combustion chamber 64 of the gas burner 44 in connection.
  • a flue gas recirculation in the form of an annular nozzle 86 is formed according to the Venturi principle in the annular space 78. Due to the flowing secondary air, a suction effect is achieved at the annular gap 84, through which flue gas from the combustion chamber 64 of the gas burner 44 is sucked into the annular space 78 where the flue gas mixes with the secondary gas coming from the swirl body 70.
  • the reduction of the nitrogen oxides NO x by the division of the mixing zone 74 into the core region 76 and the annular space 78 with the flue gas recirculation 86 is achieved in the gas burner 44.
  • the oxygen content in the secondary air / flue gas mixture, which arises in the annulus 78, is less than the oxygen content of the secondary air before mixing.
  • the flue gas recirculation also heats the secondary air and cools the recirculated flue gas; the secondary air / flue gas mixture has a corresponding mean temperature.
  • the combustion in the core region 76 initially takes place substoichiometrically, so that, for example, not all initially generated carbon monoxide CO oxidizes with the oxygen O 2 supplied by the primary air to carbon dioxide CO 2 and carbon monoxide CO is still present in the resulting combustion gases.
  • the secondary air / flue gas mixture with a reduced Oxygen content after flowing through the annular space 78, reaches the edge area of the core area 76, where it mixes with the combustion gases formed in the core area 76 of primary air and fuel gas.
  • the secondary air / flue gas mixture serves as an oxygen supplier for the remaining carbon monoxide CO, which is now completely oxidized at relatively low temperature to CO 2 , with only small amounts of nitrogen monoxide NO arise, so that only a few nitrogen oxides NO x are generated as a result.
  • excellent values for carbon monoxide CO and nitrogen oxides NO x with an oxygen content of at most 3% are achieved in this burner training.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Temperieren von Gegenständen, insbesondere zum Trocknen von beschichteten Fahrzeugkarosserien, mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for tempering objects, in particular for drying coated vehicle bodies, having the features of claim 1.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung am Beispiel von Fahrzeugkarosserien als Gegenstände beschrieben, die Erfindung betrifft aber auch Vorrichtungen für andere Gegenstände, die in einem Produktionsprozess temperiert werden müssen. Wenn vorliegend von "Temperieren" gesprochen ist, so ist hiermit die Herbeiführung einer bestimmten Temperatur des Gegenstandes gemeint, die dieser zunächst noch nicht besitzt. Es kann sich um eine Temperaturerhöhung oder eine Temperaturverringerung handeln. Unter einer "temperierten Luft" wird eine solche verstanden, welche die zur Temperierung des Gegenstandes erforderliche Temperatur besitzt.The invention will be described below as an example of vehicle bodies as an object, but the invention also relates to devices for other objects which have to be tempered in a production process. When this is spoken of "tempering", so hereby meant the bringing about a certain temperature of the object, which initially does not have this. It may be a temperature increase or a temperature decrease. A "tempered air" is understood to mean one which has the temperature required for temperature control of the object.

Ein in der Automobilindustrie häufiger Fall des Temperierens, nämlich des Erwärmens, von Fahrzeugkarosserien ist der Vorgang des Trocknens von feuchten Fahrzeugkarosserien oder des Trocknens der Beschichtung einer Fahrzeugkarosserie, handele es sich dabei nun um einen Lack oder einen Klebstoff oder dergleichen. Entsprechend können auch andere feuchte Gegenstände als Fahrzeugkarosserien oder die Beschichtung von anderen Gegenständen getrocknet werden. Die nachfolgende Beschreibung der Erfindung im Detail erfolgt am Beispiel eines solchen Trockners für Fahrzeugkarosserien.A common case of tempering in the automotive industry, namely, heating of vehicle bodies is the process of drying wet vehicle bodies or drying the coating of a vehicle body, whether it be a paint or an adhesive or the like. Accordingly, other moist objects than vehicle bodies or the coating of other objects can be dried. The following description of the invention in detail is based on the example of such a dryer for vehicle bodies.

Wenn vorliegend von "Trocknen" die Rede ist, so sind damit alle Vorgänge gemeint, bei denen die Beschichtung der Fahrzeugkarosserie, insbesondere ein Lack, zum Aushärten gebracht werden kann, sei dies nun durch Austreiben von Lösemitteln oder durch Vernetzung der Beschichtungssubstanz.If in the present case "drying" is mentioned, this means all processes in which the coating of the vehicle bodywork, in particular a lacquer, can be cured, be this by expelling solvents or by crosslinking the coating substance.

Vom Markt her bekannte Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art werden zum Trocknen von frisch lackierten Fahrzeugkarosserien verwendet und werden geheizt, indem unter anderem Luft aus gegenüber der Gesamtlänge des Trockentunnels kurzen Tunnelabschnitten abgesaugt, in einem Heizaggregat mittels eines Wärmetauschers aufgeheizt und dem entsprechenden Tunnelabschnitt wieder in einem Kreislauf zugeführt wird.Known from the market devices of the type mentioned are used for drying freshly painted vehicle bodies and are heated by, inter alia, air sucked off over the entire length of the drying tunnel short tunnel sections, heated in a heating unit by means of a heat exchanger and the corresponding tunnel section again in a cycle is supplied.

Beim Trocknen von frisch lackierten Fahrzeugkarosserien ist die dem Tunnelabschnitt entnommene Luft hauptsächlich mit Lösemittel beladen, welches beim Trocknungsvorgang freigesetzt wird. In dieser Luft finden sich außerdem beim Trocknen der Fahrzeugkarosserie frei werdende Beschichtungsbestandteile; nachfolgend wird der Einfachheit halber dennoch weitgehend nur von Abluft gesprochen.When drying freshly painted vehicle bodies, the air taken from the tunnel section is mainly loaded with solvent, which is released during the drying process. In addition, in this air are found when drying the vehicle body liberated coating components; for the sake of simplicity, however, the following is largely spoken only of exhaust air.

Die zum Betreiben der Brennereinheit notwendige Brennerluft wird bei bekannten Vorrichtungen über ein separates verdichtendes Gebläse aus der Umgebung entnommen. Somit muss die Brennerluft von der Umgebungstemperatur auf die Brennertemperatur aufgeheizt werden und wird der Umgebung als saubere Luft entnommen, welche bei ihrer Verwendung verunreinigt wird und vor der Rückgabe an die Umgebung gegebenenfalls aufbereitet werden kann.The burner air required for operating the burner unit is removed in known devices via a separate compressing blower from the environment. Thus, the burner air must be heated from the ambient temperature to the burner temperature and is taken from the environment as clean air, which is contaminated in their use and can be optionally prepared before returning to the environment.

DE3717320 Cl offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Temperieren von Gegenständen mit

  1. a) einem Temperiertunnel, welcher in einem Gehäuse untergebracht ist und wenigstens einen Tunnelabschnitt definiert, der wenigstens einen Luftauslass und wenigstens einen Lufteinlass umfasst; wobei
  2. b) dem Tunnelabschnitt ein Heizaggregat zugeordnet ist, in welchem mittels einer Brennereinheit ein heißes Primärgas erzeugbar ist;
  3. c) das heiße Primärgas in einen Wärmetauscher des Heizaggregats leitbar ist, in dem Tunnelluft durch heißes Primärgas erhitzbar ist, die dem Tunnelabschnitt als Umwälzluftstrom wieder in einem Kreislauf über den wenigstens einen Lufteinlass zuführbar ist;
  4. d) eine Brennerversorgungseinrichtung vorhanden ist, mittels welcher der Brennereinheit des Heizaggregats Abluft aus dem Tunnelabschnitt als Brennerluftstrom zur Erzeugung des Primärgases zu der Brennereinheit zuführbar ist;
  5. e) das Heizaggregat eine Verteilereinrichtung umfasst, durch welche Tunnelluft aus dem Tunnelabschnitt in den Umwälzluftstrom und den Brennerluftstrom aufteilbar ist;
  6. f) die Verteilereinrichtung stromab des Wärmetauschers angeordnet ist, so dass die dort erhitzte Tunnelluft in den Umwälzluftstrom und den Brennerluftstrom aufgeteilt wird.
DE3717320 Cl discloses a device for tempering objects with
  1. a) a Temperiertunnel, which is housed in a housing and defines at least one tunnel section, which comprises at least one air outlet and at least one air inlet; in which
  2. b) the tunnel section is assigned a heating unit, in which by means of a burner unit, a hot primary gas can be generated;
  3. c) the hot primary gas can be conducted into a heat exchanger of the heating unit, in which tunnel air can be heated by hot primary gas, which can be supplied to the tunnel section as circulating air flow again in a circuit via the at least one air inlet;
  4. d) a burner supply device is provided, by means of which the burner unit of the heating unit exhaust air from the tunnel section as burner air stream for generating the primary gas to the burner unit can be fed;
  5. e) the heating unit comprises a distribution device, through which tunnel air from the tunnel section into the recirculation air stream and the burner air stream can be divided;
  6. f) the distributor device is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger, so that the tunnel air heated there is divided into the recirculation air flow and the burner air flow.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welche eine Alternative zu bekannten Vorrichtungen bietet und insbesondere eine bessere Energiebilanz aufweist.It is an object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, which offers an alternative to known devices and in particular has a better energy balance.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass in dem Wärmetauscher die Tunnelluft aus dem wenigstens einen Luftauslass nur durch heißes Primärgas erhitzbar ist.This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned above in that in the heat exchanger, the tunnel air from the at least one air outlet can be heated only by hot primary gas.

Erfindungsgemäß wird also Abluft aus dem Tunnelabschnitt zur Erzeugung der heißen Primärgasströmung verwendet, durch welche die Umwälzluft erhitzt wird. Im Gegensatz zu bekannten Brennereinheiten wird also keine saubere Umgebungsluft als Brennerluft verwendet, sondern bereits verunreinigte Abluft aus dem Temperiertunnel hierfür herangezogen. Diese Abluft ist bereits heißer als die Umgebungsluft und muss daher nicht mehr in dem Maße in der Brennereinheit erhitzt werden, wie frische Umgebungsluft. Hierdurch verbessert sich insgesamt die Energiebilanz der Vorrichtung.According to the invention, therefore, exhaust air from the tunnel section is used to generate the hot primary gas flow through which the recirculation air is heated. In contrast to known burner units so no clean ambient air is used as the burner air, but already contaminated exhaust air from the temperature control used for this purpose. This exhaust air is already hotter than the ambient air and therefore does not need to be heated to the same extent in the burner unit as fresh ambient air. This improves overall the energy balance of the device.

Es ist besonders günstig, wenn das Heizaggregat derart eingerichtet ist, dass die Brennerluft zu der Brennereinheit geführt wird, nachdem die Brennerluft den Wärmetauscher durchströmt hat und dort erhitzt wurde. Auf diese Weise gelangt die Brennerluft mit einer hohen Temperatur zu der Brennereinheit, so dass die dort notwendige Erwärmung der Brennerluft nochmals verringert ist.It is particularly advantageous if the heating unit is set up such that the burner air is guided to the burner unit after the burner air has flowed through the heat exchanger and was heated there. In this way, the burner air reaches the burner unit at a high temperature, so that the heating of the burner air necessary there is reduced even further.

Wenn die Volumenströme des Umwälzluftstroms und des Brennerluftstrom mittels der Verteilereinrichtung einstellbar sind, kann die Vorrichtung auf einfache Weise an verschiedene zu temperierende Gegenstände angepasst werden. Hierzu kann beispielsweise eine Stellklappe im Strömungsweg vorhanden sein.If the volume flows of the circulating air flow and the burner air flow are adjustable by means of the distributor device, the device can be adapted in a simple manner to different objects to be tempered. For this purpose, for example, a valve may be present in the flow path.

Es ist besonders günstig, wenn die Brennereinheit eine thermische Nachverbrennungseinrichtung ist. In diesem Fall wird also die Nachverbrennung und damit die Entsorgung der lösemittelhaltigen Abluft in das Heizaggregat integriert und nur ein Teil der dem Tunnelabschnitt entnommenen Luft als Umwälzluft wieder in den Tunnelabschnitt zurückgeführt.It is particularly favorable if the burner unit is a thermal afterburning device. In this case, therefore, the afterburning and thus the disposal of solvent-containing exhaust air is integrated into the heating unit and only a portion of the air extracted from the tunnel section recycled as circulating air back into the tunnel section.

Besonders bewährt hat es sich, dass die Brennereinheit ein Gasbrenner, insbesondere ein Flächenbrenner, ist.It has proven particularly useful for the burner unit to be a gas burner, in particular a surface burner.

Es ist von Vorteil, wenn Mittel vorhanden sind, durch welche die Brennerluft in Primärluft und Sekundärluft aufteilbar ist, wobei die Primärluft unmittelbar mit dem Brenngas vermischt wird. Die Sekundärluft kann dann für andere Maßnahmen genutzt werden.It is advantageous if there are means by which the burner air in primary air and secondary air can be divided, wherein the primary air is mixed directly with the fuel gas becomes. The secondary air can then be used for other measures.

Dabei ist es besonders günstig, wenn Sekundärluft mittels einer Rauchgasrückführung mit durch die Brennereinheit erzeugten Rauchgasen vermischt und ein so erhaltenes Sekundärluft-/Rauchgasgemisch den Verbrennungsgasen aus Primärluft und Brenngas zugeführt wird. Auf diese Weise kann der Sauerstoffanteil, der zur Verbrennung zur Verfügung steht, über die Rauchgasbeimischung eingestellt werden. Hierauf wird weiter unten nochmals detaillierter eingegangen.It is particularly advantageous if secondary air mixed by means of a flue gas recirculation with flue gases generated by the burner unit and a secondary air / flue gas mixture thus obtained is supplied to the combustion gases of primary air and fuel gas. In this way, the amount of oxygen available for combustion can be adjusted via the flue gas admixture. This will be discussed in more detail below.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In diesen zeigen

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Trockners mit einer thermischen Nachverbrennungseinrichtung und mehreren Heizaggregaten,
Figur 2
eine detailliertere Ansicht eines Heizaggregats;
Figur 3
schematisch einen Schnitt des Heizaggregates im Bereich eines dort vorhandenen Gasbrenners.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In this show
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a dryer with a thermal post-combustion device and several heating units,
FIG. 2
a more detailed view of a heating unit;
FIG. 3
schematically a section of the heating unit in the region of a gas burner existing there.

In Figur 1 ist als Beispiel für eine Vorrichtung zum Temperieren von Gegenständen schematisch ein Trockner 10 dargestellt. Der Trockner 10 umfasst ein wärmeisoliertes Trocknergehäuse 12, in dem als Temperiertunnel ein Trockentunnel 14 untergebracht ist, durch den nicht eigens gezeigte Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien im Durchlauf hindurchgefördert werden. Hierzu umfasst der Trockner 10 ein an und für sich bekanntes Fördersystem für die Fahrzeugkarosserien, welches der Übersichtlichkeit halber ebenfalls nicht eigens gezeigt ist.In FIG. 1 For example, a dryer 10 is shown schematically as an example of a device for controlling the temperature of objects. The dryer 10 comprises a thermally insulated dryer housing 12 in which a drying tunnel 14 is accommodated as a tempering tunnel through which motor vehicle bodies not specifically shown are conveyed through in the passage. For this purpose, the dryer 10 comprises a known per se conveyor system for the vehicle bodies, which is also not shown for the sake of clarity.

Dem Trockentunnel 14 wird erhitzte Luft zugeführt, um die Fahrzeugkarosserien bzw. eine auf diese aufgebrachte Beschichtung zu trocknen. Wenn vorliegend von "Trocknen" die Rede ist, so sind damit alle Vorgänge gemeint, bei denen die Beschichtung der Fahrzeugkarosserie, insbesondere ein Lack, zum Aushärten gebracht werden kann, sei dies nun durch Austreiben von Lösemitteln oder durch Vernetzung der Beschichtungssubstanz.The drying tunnel 14 is supplied with heated air to dry the vehicle bodies or a coating applied thereto. If in the present case "drying" is mentioned, then all processes are meant in which the coating of the vehicle bodywork, in particular a lacquer, can be cured, be this by expelling solvents or by crosslinking the coating substance.

Der Trockner 10 umfasst eine thermische Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 16 und einen diesem nachgelagerten Abluft-Wärmetauscher 18 sowie mehrere baugleiche Heizaggregate 20, auf welche weiter unten eingegangen wird.The dryer 10 comprises a thermal post-combustion device 16 and a downstream exhaust heat exchanger 18 and a plurality of identical heating units 20, which will be discussed below.

Bei der thermischen Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 16 handelt es sich um einen Gasbrenner, welchem Abluft aus dem Trockentunnel 14 über eine Abluftleitung 22 mittels eines Abluftgebläses 24 zugeführt wird. In der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 16 wird die Abluft aus dem Trockentunnel 14 mit Brenngas versetzt und das so erhaltene Abluft/Gasgemisch verbrannt, wodurch die in der Abluft enthaltenen Schadstoffe unschädlich gemacht werden.The thermal post-combustion device 16 is a gas burner to which exhaust air from the drying tunnel 14 is supplied via an exhaust air line 22 by means of an exhaust fan 24. In the afterburner 16, the exhaust air from the drying tunnel 14 is mixed with fuel gas and burned the exhaust air / gas mixture thus obtained, whereby the pollutants contained in the exhaust air are rendered harmless.

Die durch Erhitzen in der thermischen Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 16 behandelte und von Schadstoffen befreite Abluft gelangt dann in den Abluft-Wärmetauscher 18, in dem durch die erhitzte Abluft Frischluft erwärmt wird, welche dem Abluft-Wärmetauscher 18 mittels eines Frischluftgebläses 26 zugeführt wird. Diese erwärmte Frischluft wird dann von dem Abluft-Wärmetauscher 18 über Frischluftzuführleitungen 28 in den Trockentunnel 14 bevorzugt über dessen Ein- und Auslaufbereich gefördert. Die Abluft, die den Abluft-Wärmetauscher 18 durchströmt hat, geht über Dach ab.The treated by heating in the thermal afterburner 16 and freed of pollutants exhaust air then passes into the exhaust heat exchanger 18 in which is heated by the heated exhaust fresh air, which is supplied to the exhaust heat exchanger 18 by means of a fresh air blower 26. This heated fresh air is then conveyed by the exhaust air heat exchanger 18 via Frischluftzuführleitungen 28 in the drying tunnel 14 preferably via its inlet and outlet area. The exhaust air, which has flowed through the exhaust air heat exchanger 18, goes over the roof.

Die für die Trocknung notwendige Temperatur wird im Trockentunnel 14 durch die Heizaggregate 20 aufrechterhalten, die als kompakte Gasbrennereinheiten entlang des Trockentunnels 14 angeordnet sind und ein Brennersystem bilden. Jedes Heizaggregat 20 ist einem von dem Trockentunnel 14 definierten Tunnelabschnitt T zugeordnet, von denen der Trockentunnel 14 eine Mehrzahl aufweist. Beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel sind beispielhaft sechs Tunnelabschnitte T1 bis T6 und sechs zugehörige Heizaggregate 20 gezeigt. Die Tunnelabschnitte T1 bis T6 sind beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel baulich nicht voneinander getrennt.The temperature required for drying is in the drying tunnel 14 maintained by the heating units 20, which are arranged as a compact gas burner units along the drying tunnel 14 and form a burner system. Each heating unit 20 is associated with a tunnel section T defined by the drying tunnel 14, of which the drying tunnel 14 has a plurality. In the present exemplary embodiment, six tunnel sections T1 to T6 and six associated heating units 20 are shown by way of example. The tunnel sections T1 to T6 are structurally not separated from each other in the present embodiment.

Jedem der Heizaggregate 20 wird Tunnelluft durch einen als Auslassleitung 30 ausgebildeten Luftauslass des zugehörigen Tunnelabschnitt T zugeführt. Die Auslassleitung 30 geht in eine Nutzluftleitung 32 über, in welcher ein Fördergebläse 34 angeordnet ist.Tunnel air is supplied to each of the heating units 20 through an air outlet of the associated tunnel section T designed as an outlet line 30. The outlet line 30 merges into a useful air line 32, in which a delivery fan 34 is arranged.

Die Nutzluftleitung 32 führt ihrerseits durch eine Wärmetauscherschlange 36 eines Wärmetauschers 38 hindurch zu einer Verteilereinrichtung 40, welche den aus der Nutzluftleitung 32 kommenden Nutzluftstrom in einen Umwälzluftstrom und einen Abluftstrom aufteilt, nachdem die Nutzluft den Wärmetauscher 38 passiert hat.The useful air line 32, in turn, passes through a heat exchanger coil 36 of a heat exchanger 38 to a distributor device 40, which divides the useful air flow coming from the useful air line 32 into a recirculating air flow and an exhaust air flow, after the useful air has passed through the heat exchanger 38.

Die Umwälzluft wird durch einen als Einlassleitung 42 ausgebildeten Luftauslass wieder in den zugehörigen Tunnelabschnitt T des Trockentunnel 14 eingeblasen. Die Abluft dient als Brennerluft für eine Brennereinheit in Form eines Gasbrenner 44, dem die Abluft als Brennerluftstrom über eine Brennerluftleitung 46 zugeführt wird. Als Gasbrenner 44 hat sich in der Praxis ein Flächenbrenner bewährt, wie er an und für sich bekannt ist.The circulating air is blown back into the associated tunnel section T of the drying tunnel 14 through an air outlet formed as an inlet line 42. The exhaust air serves as burner air for a burner unit in the form of a gas burner 44, to which the exhaust air is supplied as burner air flow via a burner air duct 46. As a gas burner 44, a surface burner has proven itself in practice, as it is known in and of itself.

Die Verteilereinrichtung 40 und die Brennerluftleitung 46 bilden somit eine Brennerversorgungseinrichtung, über welche dem Gasbrenner 44 Abluft aus dem zugehörigen Tunnelabschnitt als Brennerluftstrom zur Erzeugung des heißen Primärgases zugeführt wird.The distributor device 40 and the burner air line 46 thus form a burner supply device via which the gas burner 44 exhaust air from the associated tunnel section is supplied as a burner air flow for generating the hot primary gas.

Dem Gasbrenner 44 wird das benötigte Brenngas aus einer Brenngasquelle 48 über eine Brenngasleitung 50 zugeführt. Der Volumenstrom des Brenngases kann mittels eines Ventils 52 eingestellt werden, das in der Brenngasleitung 50 angeordnet ist. In dem Gasbrenner 44 werden die Lösemittel in der Abluft weitestgehend verbrannt, wobei als Primärgas heiße Verbrennungsgase entstehen. Diese heißen Verbrennungsgase werden über eine Zuführleitung 54 zum Wärmetauscher 38 geführt, wo sie die durch dessen Wärmetauscherschlange 36 strömende lösemittelhaltige Nutzluft erhitzen, die folglich mit der dort erreichten Temperatur als lösemittelhaltige Brennerluft in den Gasbrenner 44 einströmt.The gas burner 44 is supplied with the required fuel gas from a fuel gas source 48 via a fuel gas line 50. The volume flow of the fuel gas can be adjusted by means of a valve 52 which is arranged in the fuel gas line 50. In the gas burner 44, the solvents in the exhaust air are largely burned, resulting in hot combustion gases as the primary gas. These hot combustion gases are fed via a feed line 54 to the heat exchanger 38, where they heat the flowing through the heat exchanger coil 36 solvent-containing useful air, which consequently flows with the temperature reached there as solvent-containing burner air in the gas burner 44.

Die heißen Verbrennungsgase des Gasbrenners 44 werden nach Durchströmen der Wärmetauscherschlange 36 des Wärmetauschers 38 über eine Abgasleitung 56 abgeführt, die als Sammelleitung mit den Wärmetauscherschlangen 36 sämtlicher Heizaggregate 20 verbunden ist und an einem Knotenpunkt in eine Abluftleitung 58 mündet, über welche die Abgase wie die Abgase der Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 16 über Dach abgeführt werden.The hot combustion gases of the gas burner 44 are discharged after flowing through the heat exchanger coil 36 of the heat exchanger 38 via an exhaust pipe 56 which is connected as a manifold with the heat exchanger coils 36 all heating units 20 and opens at a junction in an exhaust duct 58 through which the exhaust gases as the exhaust gases the post-combustion device 16 are discharged via the roof.

Das Primärgas des Gasbrenners 44 erhitzt in dem Wärmetauscher 38 somit sowohl Umwälzluft, die dem zugehörigen Tunnelabschnitt T wieder in einem Kreislauf über die Lufteinlassleitung 42 zugeführt wird, als auch Abluft, die dem Gasbrenner 44 als Brennerluft zugeführt wird.The primary gas of the gas burner 44 thus heats in the heat exchanger 38 both recirculation air, which is again supplied to the associated tunnel section T in a circuit via the air inlet line 42, and exhaust air, which is supplied to the gas burner 44 as burner air.

Die Verteilereinrichtung 40 eines Heizaggregates 20 kann einstellbar sein, so dass die Volumenströme eingestellt werden können, welche als Umwälzluft wieder in den Trockentunnel 14 und als Brennerluft zum Gasbrenner 44 geführt werden. Der Anteil der als Brennerluft abgezweigten Tunnelluft liegt in der Größenordnung von etwa 1% der Tunnelluft, die aus dem Tunnelabschnitt T des zugehörigen Heizaggregates 20 in die Auslassleitung 30 strömt.The distribution device 40 of a heating unit 20 may be adjustable, so that the volume flows can be adjusted, which as recirculation air back into the drying tunnel 14 and are guided as burner air to the gas burner 44. The proportion of the tunnel air branched off as burner air is of the order of magnitude of approximately 1% of the tunnel air which flows from the tunnel section T of the associated heating unit 20 into the outlet line 30.

Wie in Figur 2 zu erkennen ist, kann die Verteilereinrichtung 40 beispielsweise dadurch ausgebildet sein, dass eine Zugangsöffnung 60 der Brennerluftleitung 46 so in der zum Trockentunnel 14 führenden Einlassleitung 42 angeordnet ist, dass ein Teil der von dem Wärmetauscher 38 durch die Nutzluftleitung 32 kommenden Nutzluft in die Brennerluftleitung 46 einströmt, während der andere Teil in die Einlassleitung 32 und darüber in den Trockentunnel 14 eintritt.As in FIG. 2 can be seen, the distribution device 40 may be formed, for example, that an access opening 60 of the burner air duct 46 is arranged in the leading to the drying tunnel 14 inlet pipe 42, that part of the coming of the heat exchanger 38 through the Nutzluftleitung 32 useful air into the burner air duct 46th flows while the other part enters the inlet pipe 32 and above in the drying tunnel 14.

Wie ebenfalls in Figur 2 gezeigt ist, kann die Wärmetauscherschlange 36 des Wärmetauschers 38 als Röhrenbündel 62 ausgebildet sein, durch welches die heißen Verbrennungsgase des Gasbrenners 44 einströmen, dessen Brennkammer mit 64 bezeichnet ist. Bei der Darstellung nach Figur 2 treten die heißen Verbrennungsgase aus der Brennkammer 64 hinter der Zeichenebene in die nicht eigens mit einem Bezugszeichen versehenen Einzelröhren des Röhrenbündels 62 ein, strömen durch diese vor die Zeichenebene und treten dort über eine Sammelleitung 66 in die Abgasleitung 56 ein.Like also in FIG. 2 is shown, the heat exchanger coil 36 of the heat exchanger 38 may be formed as a tube bundle 62 through which flow the hot combustion gases of the gas burner 44, the combustion chamber is denoted by 64. In the presentation after FIG. 2 enter the hot combustion gases from the combustion chamber 64 behind the plane in the not specifically provided with a reference numeral single tubes of the tube bundle 62, flow through this before the plane and enter there via a manifold 66 in the exhaust pipe 56 a.

Die Luft- und Gasführung im Gasbrenner 44 ist schematisch in Figur 3 veranschaulicht. Dort ist mit 68 eine Gasdüse bezeichnet, welche über die Brenngasleitung 50, die in Figur 3 durch einen Pfeil angedeutet ist, mit Brenngas gespeist wird und dieses in die Brennkammer 64 einbläst.The air and gas guide in the gas burner 44 is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 3 illustrated. There is 68 denotes a gas nozzle, which via the fuel gas line 50, the in FIG. 3 is indicated by an arrow, is supplied with fuel gas and this blows into the combustion chamber 64.

Die Brennerluft gelangt über die Brennerluftleitung 46 zunächst in einen Brennkammervorraum 70, von wo sie über einen Drallkörper 72 in eine Mischzone 74 des Gasbrenners 44 einströmt, welche die Abgabeöffnung der Gasdüse 68 umgibt. Durch den Drallkörper 72 wird die Brennerluft vor dem Eintritt in die Mischzone 74 in Drall versetzt, wodurch gezielt Verwirbelungen und Turbulenzen erzeugt werden, um die Durchmischung der Brennerluft und des Brenngases zu fördern. Hierzu kann der Drallkörper 72 beispielsweise Strömungskanäle oder Flügelelemente umfassen, durch welche die Brennerluft beim Durchströmen des Drallkörpers 72 in Drall versetzt wird.The burner air passes via the burner air line 46 first into a combustion chamber antechamber 70, from where it flows via a swirl body 72 into a mixing zone 74 of the gas burner 44, which surrounds the discharge opening of the gas nozzle 68. By the swirler 72, the burner air is mixed prior to entering the mixing zone 74 in swirl, whereby targeted turbulence and turbulence are generated to promote the mixing of the burner air and the fuel gas. For this purpose, the swirl body 72 may include, for example, flow channels or wing elements through which the burner air is caused to swirl when flowing through the swirl body 72.

Die Mischzone 74 ihrerseits umfasst einen zylinderförmigen Kernbereich 76 um die Gasdüse 68 und einen diesen Kernbereich 76 koaxial umgebenden Ringraum 78, wozu in der Mischzone 74 eine zylindrische innere Wand 80 und eine zylindrische äußere Wand 82 vorhanden sind. Durch die innere Wand 80 wird die Brennerluft, die durch den Drallkörper 70 geströmt ist, aufgeteilt. Ein Teil der Brennerluft gelangt so als Primärluft in den Kernbereich 76, der andere Teil strömt als Sekundärluft in den Ringraum 78 ein.The mixing zone 74 in turn comprises a cylindrical core region 76 around the gas nozzle 68 and an annular space 78 coaxially surrounding this core region 76, for which purpose a cylindrical inner wall 80 and a cylindrical outer wall 82 are present in the mixing zone 74. Through the inner wall 80, the burner air, which has flowed through the swirler 70, divided. Part of the burner air thus enters the core region 76 as primary air, the other part flows into the annular space 78 as secondary air.

Der Ringraum 78 steht darüber hinaus über einen Ringspalt 84 mit der Brennkammer 64 des Gasbrenners 44 in Verbindung. Insgesamt ist in dem Ringraum 78 eine Rauchgasrückführung in Form einer Ringdüse 86 nach dem Venturi-Prinzip ausgebildet. Durch die strömende Sekundärluft wird am Ringspalt 84 eine Sogwirkung erzielt, durch welche Rauchgas aus der Brennkammer 64 des Gasbrenners 44 in den Ringraum 78 eingesaugt wird, wo sich das Rauchgas mit dem vom Drallkörper 70 kommenden Sekundärgas vermischt.The annular space 78 is also connected via an annular gap 84 with the combustion chamber 64 of the gas burner 44 in connection. Overall, a flue gas recirculation in the form of an annular nozzle 86 is formed according to the Venturi principle in the annular space 78. Due to the flowing secondary air, a suction effect is achieved at the annular gap 84, through which flue gas from the combustion chamber 64 of the gas burner 44 is sucked into the annular space 78 where the flue gas mixes with the secondary gas coming from the swirl body 70.

Durch die Entnahme von Abluft aus dem Trockentunnel 14 über die Auslassleitungen 30 und die Aufteilung in einen Nutzluftstrom und in einen Brennerluftstrom wird somit ein Teil der im Trockentunnel 14 umgewälzten Luft in den Gasbrennern 44 der Heizaggregate 20 bei der Verbrennung stark erhitzt. Hierdurch wird bereits in den Heizaggregaten 20 eine Neutralisierung der in der Abluft angereicherten Schadstoffe gewährleistet. Der Gasbrenner 44 ist somit eine thermische Nachverbrennungseinrichtung.By removing exhaust air from the drying tunnel 14 via the outlet lines 30 and the division into a Nutzluftstrom and in a burner air flow thus part of the circulating in the drying tunnel 14 air in the gas burners 44 of the heating units 20 is strongly heated during combustion. As a result, a neutralization of the contaminants enriched in the exhaust air is already ensured in the heating units 20. The gas burner 44 is thus a thermal afterburner.

Da die Brennerluft vor Erreichen des Gasbrenners 44 durch den Wärmetauscher 38 erhitzt wird, kann am jeweiligen Gasbrenner 44 Brenngas eingespart werden. Diese Ersparnis kann bis zu 15% bezogen auf Gasbrenner betragen, deren Brennerluft nicht oder weniger stark erhitzt ist. Durch die wärmere Brennerluft steigt die Flammentemperatur, wodurch der Wirkungsgrad des Gasbrenners 44 verbessert ist. Allerdings wird dies in der Regel mit höheren Werten bei den Stickoxiden NOx erkauft, die jedoch durch aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Maßnahmen wieder verringert werden können.Since the burner air is heated by the heat exchanger 38 before reaching the gas burner 44, fuel gas can be saved at the respective gas burner 44. This saving can be up to 15% based on gas burners whose burner air is not or less heated. Due to the warmer burner air, the flame temperature increases, whereby the efficiency of the gas burner 44 is improved. However, this is usually purchased with higher values of the nitrogen oxides NO x , which, however, can be reduced again by measures known from the prior art.

Alternativ zu den bekannten Maßnahmen wird beim Gasbrenner 44 die Reduktion der Stickoxide NOx durch die Aufteilung der Mischzone 74 in den Kernbereich 76 und den Ringraum 78 mit der Rauchgasrückführung 86 erreicht. Der Sauerstoffgehalt in dem Sekundärluft-/Rauchgasgemisch, welches in dem Ringraum 78 entsteht, ist geringer als der Sauerstoffgehalt der Sekundärluft vor der Durchmischung. Durch die Rauchgasrückführung wird außerdem die Sekundärluft erwärmt und das rückgeführte Rauchgas abgekühlt; das Sekundärluft-/Rauchgasgemisch hat eine entsprechende mittlere Temperatur.As an alternative to the known measures, the reduction of the nitrogen oxides NO x by the division of the mixing zone 74 into the core region 76 and the annular space 78 with the flue gas recirculation 86 is achieved in the gas burner 44. The oxygen content in the secondary air / flue gas mixture, which arises in the annulus 78, is less than the oxygen content of the secondary air before mixing. The flue gas recirculation also heats the secondary air and cools the recirculated flue gas; the secondary air / flue gas mixture has a corresponding mean temperature.

Die Verbrennung im Kernbereich 76 erfolgt zunächst unterstöchiometrisch, so dass z.B. nicht alles zunächst erzeugte Kohlenmonoxid CO mit dem durch die Primärluft zugeführten Sauerstoff O2 zu Kohlendioxid CO2 oxidiert und in den entstehenden Verbrennungsgasen noch Kohlenmonoxid CO enthalten ist.The combustion in the core region 76 initially takes place substoichiometrically, so that, for example, not all initially generated carbon monoxide CO oxidizes with the oxygen O 2 supplied by the primary air to carbon dioxide CO 2 and carbon monoxide CO is still present in the resulting combustion gases.

Das Sekundärluft-/Rauchgasgemisch mit einem verringerten Sauerstoffgehalt gelangt nach Durchströmen des Ringraumes 78 in den Randbereich des Kernbereiches 76, wo es sich mit den im Kernbereich 76 aus Primärluft und Brenngas entstandenen Verbrennungsgasen vermischt. Das Sekundärluft-/Rauchgasgemisch dient als Sauerstofflieferant für das noch vorhanden Kohlenmonoxid CO, welches nun bei relativ niedriger Temperatur vollständig zu CO2 oxidiert wird, wobei nur geringe Mengen Stickstoffmonoxid NO entstehen, so dass in der Folge auch nur wenige Stickoxide NOx erzeugt werden.
Insgesamt werden bei dieser Brennerausbildung hervorragende Werte bei Kohlenmonoxid CO und Stickoxiden NOx bei einem Sauerstoffanteil von höchstens 3% erreicht.The secondary air / flue gas mixture with a reduced Oxygen content, after flowing through the annular space 78, reaches the edge area of the core area 76, where it mixes with the combustion gases formed in the core area 76 of primary air and fuel gas. The secondary air / flue gas mixture serves as an oxygen supplier for the remaining carbon monoxide CO, which is now completely oxidized at relatively low temperature to CO 2 , with only small amounts of nitrogen monoxide NO arise, so that only a few nitrogen oxides NO x are generated as a result.
Overall, excellent values for carbon monoxide CO and nitrogen oxides NO x with an oxygen content of at most 3% are achieved in this burner training.

Da ein Anteil der aus dem Trockentunnel 14 entnommenen Abluft als Verbrennungsluft für die Gasbrenner 44 genutzt wird, wird der Anteil der Tunnelluft, die als Abluft zur Nachverbrennungseinrichtung 16 geführt werden muss, um den entsprechenden Anteil verringert. Hierdurch wird der Beitrag der Nachverbrennung geringer und der Gasverbrauch für die Nachverbrennungseinrichtung kann insgesamt gesenkt werden.Since a portion of the extracted from the drying tunnel 14 exhaust air is used as combustion air for the gas burner 44, the proportion of the tunnel air, which must be performed as exhaust air to the post-combustion device 16, reduced by the corresponding proportion. As a result, the contribution of post-combustion is lower and the gas consumption for the post-combustion device can be reduced overall.

Insgesamt wird auch der Anteil an Abgasen reduziert, der an die Atmosphäre über Dach abgegeben wird.Overall, the amount of exhaust gases that is released to the atmosphere above the roof is also reduced.

Claims (7)

  1. Device for controlling the temperature of objects, in particular for drying coated vehicle bodies, comprising
    a) a temperature-controlling tunnel (14) which is accommodated in a housing (12) and defines at least one tunnel section (T) which comprises at least one air outlet (30) and at least one air inlet (42);
    wherein
    b) a heater assembly (20), in which a hot primary gas can be generated by means of a burner unit (44), is associated with the tunnel section (T);
    c) the hot primary gas can be channelled into a heat exchanger (38) of the heater assembly (20), in which tunnel air from the at least one air outlet (30) can be heated by hot primary gas only and fed in a circuit back to the tunnel section (T) via the at least one air inlet (42) as a circulating air stream;
    d) a burner supply device (40, 46) is provided, by means of which waste air from the tunnel section (T) can be fed to the burner unit (44) of the heater assembly (20) as a burner air stream for generating the primary gas to the burner unit (44);
    e) the heater assembly (20) comprises a distributor device (40) by means of which tunnel air from the tunnel section (T) can be divided into the circulating air stream and the burner air stream;
    f) the distributor device (40) is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger (38) so that the tunnel air heated therein is divided into the circulating air stream and the burner air stream.
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the heater assembly (20) is configured so that the burner air is guided to the burner unit (44) after the burner air has flowed through the heat exchanger (38) and has been heated therein.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the volume flows of the circulating air stream and of the burner air stream can be adjusted by means of the distributor device (40).
  4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the burner unit (44) is a thermal after-burning device.
  5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the burner unit (44) is a gas burner, in particular a surface burner.
  6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that means (80, 82) are provided by which the burner air can be divided into primary air and secondary air, the primary air being mixed immediately with the burnable gas.
  7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that secondary air is mixed by means of a flue gas recirculation (84, 86) with flue gases generated by the burner unit (44) and a secondary air/flue gas mixture so obtained is fed to the combustion gases of primary air and burnable gas.
EP12797692.6A 2011-11-25 2012-11-10 Device for controlling the temperature of objects Not-in-force EP2783177B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102011119436.7A DE102011119436B4 (en) 2011-11-25 2011-11-25 Device for tempering objects
PCT/EP2012/004677 WO2013075793A1 (en) 2011-11-25 2012-11-10 Device for controlling the temperature of objects

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EP2783177A1 EP2783177A1 (en) 2014-10-01
EP2783177B1 true EP2783177B1 (en) 2017-09-20

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EP12797692.6A Not-in-force EP2783177B1 (en) 2011-11-25 2012-11-10 Device for controlling the temperature of objects

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US (1) US9410741B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2783177B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103946655B (en)
BR (1) BR112014010098A8 (en)
DE (1) DE102011119436B4 (en)
RU (1) RU2641869C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2013075793A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9410741B2 (en) 2016-08-09
RU2014119420A (en) 2015-11-20
DE102011119436A1 (en) 2013-05-29
BR112014010098A2 (en) 2017-06-13
CN103946655B (en) 2016-06-01
DE102011119436B4 (en) 2020-08-06
EP2783177A1 (en) 2014-10-01
CN103946655A (en) 2014-07-23
WO2013075793A1 (en) 2013-05-30
RU2641869C2 (en) 2018-01-22
BR112014010098A8 (en) 2017-10-10
US20140352169A1 (en) 2014-12-04

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