EP2771521A1 - Foam blade having connection means - Google Patents

Foam blade having connection means

Info

Publication number
EP2771521A1
EP2771521A1 EP12775723.5A EP12775723A EP2771521A1 EP 2771521 A1 EP2771521 A1 EP 2771521A1 EP 12775723 A EP12775723 A EP 12775723A EP 2771521 A1 EP2771521 A1 EP 2771521A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
edge
tongue
blades
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12775723.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2771521B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Mayeres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NMC SA
Original Assignee
NMC SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NMC SA filed Critical NMC SA
Priority to PL12775723T priority Critical patent/PL2771521T3/en
Publication of EP2771521A1 publication Critical patent/EP2771521A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2771521B1 publication Critical patent/EP2771521B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/18—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials or with an outer layer of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials; plastic tiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/40—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of a number of smaller components rigidly or movably connected together, e.g. interlocking, hingedly connected of particular shape, e.g. not rectangular of variable shape or size, e.g. flexible or telescopic panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E04F13/0878—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer the basic insulating layer comprising mutual alignment or interlocking means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H17/00—Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals
    • E04H17/14—Fences constructed of rigid elements, e.g. with additional wire fillings or with posts
    • E04H17/1413—Post-and-rail fences, e.g. without vertical cross-members
    • E04H17/1445—Fences with pivotable slats for reduced wind resistance or for adjusting visibility
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/02—Shutters, movable grilles, or other safety closing devices, e.g. against burglary
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2002/001—Mechanical features of panels
    • E04C2002/004—Panels with profiled edges, e.g. stepped, serrated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04F2201/025—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongue and grooves alternating transversally in the direction of the thickness of the panel, e.g. multiple tongue and grooves oriented parallel to each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips
    • E04F2201/0523—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape
    • E04F2201/0541—Separate tongues; Interlocking keys, e.g. joining mouldings of circular, square or rectangular shape adapted to be moved along the joint edge
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
    • E06B3/48—Wings connected at their edges, e.g. foldable wings
    • E06B3/485—Sectional doors
    • E06B3/486—Sectional doors with hinges being at least partially integral part of the section panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to foam blades for making multi-blade assemblies like shutters, doors, screens, fences, etc..
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a solution for making assemblies of the indicated type which are sufficiently rigid, even under temperature difference conditions. important between opposite faces and that do not ruin the aesthetic aspect of the assembly.
  • the present invention provides in a first aspect a foam blade which is connectable to a blade of the same type by a tongue and groove system.
  • the blade comprises two major opposite surfaces and at least four edges connecting these surfaces, a first and a second opposite parallel edges each having a section forming both a tongue-like profile and a groove-like profile.
  • each of the first and second edges has a recess over the entire length (slightly recessed) of its tongue-like profile, the opening of this recess being oriented towards the median plane between the tongue and the groove in such a way that during the assembly by the edges of two blades of the same type forms a cavity (longitudinal), the size and shape of the section corresponds to the sum of the two recess sections, the shape of the first edge being complementary to the shape of the second edge except at the location of the recesses.
  • the position of the section of the recess of a first edge is chosen to be (substantially) opposite that of the recess of a second edge of a corresponding second blade during assembly. or the connection of two blades of the same type.
  • the recesses are therefore preferably equidistant from the end of the respective tongue.
  • the first edge corresponds to the second by a rotational symmetry about the central axis of the blade parallel to said first and second edges.
  • a second aspect relates to the use of a blade as described in this document for outdoor applications, such as shutters, screens, fences, facade cladding, exterior carpentry, siding and equivalent applications.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to a method of assembling at least two blades according to the invention, the method comprising: a) placing side by side a first edge of a first profile blade tongue-like and groove type profile with a second edge of a second blade; b) connecting the first and second blades by inserting the tongue-like profiles into the groove-like profiles of each of two blades, in doing so the recess of the first edge of the first blade and the recess of the second edge of the second blade complement each other to form a cavity together; c) the introduction by at least one edge perpendicular to said first and second edges of a blocking element in said cavity formed by the two aforementioned recesses, the section of the blocking element essentially corresponding to that of said cavity and d) the eventual reiteration of the steps s a
  • the invention therefore also relates to an assembly kit comprising n foam blades as described herein and n-1 blocking elements intended to be introduced into the cavity formed by two recesses of adjacent blades, n being an integer> 2. Depending on the application, n will usually be between 3 and 100 or even more.
  • the foam blades are simple to assemble: just plug the respective opposite edges.
  • the thus assembled blades are secured simply by sliding a blocking element or locking bar in the cavity formed by the recesses of two inserted blades.
  • the assembled and secured blades are at the same time stiffened by the rigidity of the blocking element (and therefore also stiffening).
  • the foam of the blade according to the invention can be of any type suitable for the intended application of the blade.
  • Wood-plastic composite foams made of sawdust incorporated in various polymers, among others: high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), and poly (lactic acid) (PLA); blends of polystyrene homopolymer (crystal) or impact polystyrene (HIPS, PS copolymerized with butadiene) with polyphenylene oxide (PPO), also called polyphenylene ether (PPE), reinforced or not with glass fibers.
  • HDPE high-density polyethylene
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PP polypropylene
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • PS polystyrene
  • PLA poly (lactic acid)
  • the foam of the blade is a polystyrene foam, in this case a homopolymer or copolymer of styrene.
  • it is a copolymer of styrene and one or more comonomers, for example butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM), ....
  • the styrenic polymer or polystyrene used is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene (crystal), impact polystyrene based on butadiene (HIPS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) , styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS), impact polystyrene based on ethylene-propylene-diene, polystyrene blend homopolymer (crystal) or impact modified polystyrene based on butadiene (HIPS) with polyphenylene oxide / ether (PPO / EPP), or mixtures thereof.
  • polystyrene crystal
  • HIPS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • SBS st
  • polystyrenes differing in viscosity and therefore in molecular weight, alone or mixed with other copolymers of styrene and a diene monomer.
  • Suitable copolymers are, for example, butadiene-based high impact polystyrene (HIPS), ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) -based polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene-butadiene- styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) or mixtures thereof.
  • HIPS high impact polystyrene
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • SBS styrene-butadiene- styrene
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene-butadiene-
  • the polystyrene can be dyed in the mass by using suitable pigments and / or dyes well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the foaming agent used to obtain the foam may be a physical or chemical foaming agent or a combination of two or more physical and / or chemical foaming agents. These are generally those commonly used in the manufacture of foams, including polystyrene foams.
  • Suitable physical foaming agents include gaseous agents at ambient temperature and pressure, such as CO2, nitrogen, lower alkanes, for example butane or isobutane, and the like. and liquid agents at ambient temperature and pressure, such as pentane, hexane and the like.
  • the chemical foaming agents mention may be made of azodicarbonamide, a combination of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, OBSH, etc.
  • the chemical agents can also be used as active nucleating agents in combination with one or more physical agents.
  • the content of foaming agent used obviously depends on the nature of the foaming agent itself, but also the desired foam density.
  • the percentage by weight of CO2 in the case of direct gassing is between 0.01% and 5%, preferably between 0.015 and 3%.
  • the blade comprises a foam having a density of between 40 kg / m 3 and 750 kg / m 3 , more preferably between 60 and 650 kg / m 3 and more particularly between and 80 and 550 kg. / m 3 .
  • the foam preferably comprises fine cells, for example from 5 to 200 ⁇ , and these are preferably of uniform size.
  • the foam blade may have a surface layer (outer) surface finish or protection.
  • This layer is generally non-foamed and may consist of the same polymer or polymers as the foam layer, but without foaming agents.
  • This layer may also have a composition different from that of the foam layer, that is to say include polymers different from those used for the foam.
  • the outer layer of finish or protection is polymethyl methacrylate.
  • This polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) may be a homopolymer of methyl methacrylate or a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and other comonomers, or a mixture of such polymers. Therefore, the term PMMA may refer to a PMMA composition comprising one or more homo- and / or copolymer (s).
  • PMMA is preferably a methacrylate copolymer of methyl and ethyl (meth) acrylate, still more preferably a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate, e.g. ex. CAS 9010-88-2.
  • such PMMA is used in admixture with one or more other compatible polymers, preferably one or more copolymer (s) (grafted) comprising acrylic and styrenic groups.
  • the outer layer of finish or protection is preferably coextruded with the foam layer.
  • the foam is polystyrene coextruded with a PMMA layer, so as to form a blade comprising a foamed polystyrene substrate provided with an outer layer of PMMA resistant to UV rays and more generally to the weather.
  • the PMMA used is preferably substantially transparent, but may be stained or colored and may contain, if necessary or useful, other adjuvants and additives.
  • the term "essentially transparent” or simply "transparent” in this context indicates that the material allows at least some wavelengths of visible light to pass.
  • the PMMA or the PMMA composition generally has a Melt Flow Index (MFI) of at least 1, preferably at least 2.0, more preferably at least 3.0, in particular at least 4.0, preferably at least 5.0 g / 10 min, 230 ° C, 3.8 kg.
  • MFI Melt Flow Index
  • the melt index is generally at most 15, preferably at most 14.0, more preferably at most 13.0, in particular at most 12.0, preferably at most 10.0 g / 10 min, 230 ° C, 3.8 kg.
  • the PMMA MFI is about 5.0 to 10.0 g / 10 min, 230 ° C, 3.8 kg.
  • the Melt Flow Index also known as the Melt Flow Rate (MFR) or the Melt Index (Ml) is a method commonly used in the plastics industry for the characterization of thermoplastic materials. . It allows to estimate their extrudability. This traditional and relatively simple method, described in ASTM D1238, is easily used for batch quality control in production and receiving.
  • the thickness of the topcoat or protection layer is advantageously between 50 ⁇ and 500 ⁇ , more advantageously between 100 ⁇ and 400 ⁇ , with a preference for about 200 ⁇ to 300 ⁇ , particularly preferably with a constant thickness over the entire section.
  • the thickness of the foam depends on the first line of the intended use of the made blade. This thickness is much greater than that of the topcoat or protection layer and will generally be between 5 mm and 20 cm (or more), preferably between 8 mm and 10 cm, in particular between 10 mm and 5 cm.
  • the foam blade is preferably foamed polystyrene and advantageously comprises a non-foamed outer layer comprising polymethyl methacrylate.
  • the recess preferably has a semicircular, rectangular or polygonal section.
  • the recesses of the first and second edges have an identical section, but this is not essential, insofar as the section of the blocking element is similarly adapted.
  • the blocking element may be a solid or hollow element or even a U-shaped open profile. In practice, the blocking element is dimensioned in such a way that it has no clearance inside the cavity.
  • the general section of the blocking element corresponds to that of the cavity, but the blocking element may additionally have protuberances or protrusions on its outer surface in contact with the foam so as to maintain it in the foam. In the case of a cylindrical locking element, its outer surface may also have the shape of a thread.
  • the blocking element in addition to its shape acts as a stiffener and as such is a sufficiently rigid material in the application conditions to impart sufficient rigidity to the assembly.
  • the blocking element is made of metal, preferably aluminum or stainless steel.
  • Other materials such as wood, plywood, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, composite materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, Kevlar®, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), cement, polymer cement or any other suitable material, may however be suitable for certain applications.
  • the blade may further comprise in the body of the foam one or more longitudinal channels parallel to said first and second edges. These channels can be used to further stiffen the blade or assembly by introducing additional stiffening bars.
  • the assembly method then optionally also comprises the step of introducing a stiffening bar into each of the longitudinal channels or some only depending on the rigidity requirements.
  • the stiffening bars may be of the same type (material, shape, etc.) as the blocking elements or of a different type.
  • the opposite outer surfaces (major) of the blades may be identical or different, both in terms of the color (uniform, streaks of different colors, for example imitating the wood), the shape (flat or other), and / or ornamentation (relief, grain, streaks, etc.) so that the appearance of a blade varies depending on which side the user sees the assembly.
  • first edge corresponds to the second by rotation symmetry about the central axis of the blade parallel to said first and second edges as mentioned above, it is possible to alternate the orientation of a blade relative to the adjacent blade to have a more varied appearance.
  • finishing or termination foam blades having only a first edge or a second edge with groove and tongue as described here on one side of the blade.
  • the opposite edge of these blades is then in the form of a straight-sectioned ridge, rounded or having any shape, not plug-in an edge of another blade.
  • the function of such finishing blades is to allow to finish an assembly by a neat slice element, without having to cut a foam blade with two plug-in edges.
  • the first edge preferably corresponds to the second by a symmetry of rotation about the central axis of the blade parallel to said first and second edges, a finishing blade corresponding can be used to complete the assembly on each side by simple rotation of the finishing blade.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a foam blade as described herein, the method comprising the steps of a) assaying the polymer components of the foam and optionally other additives and adjuvants, b) plastification of the constituents in an extruder to obtain a homogeneous mixture, c) introduction of one or more foaming agents, d) mixing and pressurization of the resulting mixture, e) optionally, progressive cooling of said mixture, f) extruding the mixture and passing the mixture through a forming tool to form a blade having a first and a second opposite parallel edge each having a tongue-like profile section and a groove-like profile, each of the first and second edges has a recess along the entire length of its tongue-like profile, g) optionally, passage of the blade thus formed through a sys calibration method preferably temperature controlled, and h) pulling the calibrated blade.
  • the manufacturing method above can also include a step of co-extrusion of a topcoat and / or protection during or after step f).
  • An example of a manufacturing method is given below: [0036] 1. Dosage of the components:
  • the components of the formulation are individually dosed by a metering station of volumetric or gravimetric type, to achieve precisely the desired composition.
  • the raw materials are preferably in the form of regular granules, having if possible the same size and the same form from one component to another. It will also be preferred that the apparent density be in a narrow range between the various components, so as not to cause premature disbanding.
  • Extruder The components thus measured are fed to the feed of a laminating extruder.
  • This extruder preferably comprises two screws, which can be co- or counter-rotating, self-cleaning or not.
  • the cylinder has several heating zones. The first part of the cylinder is heated at high temperature, in order to plasticize the solid components dosed to the feed, while mixing them to homogenize the whole.
  • pressurized gas is injected via an injection port drilled into the cylinder. The gas will be maintained in its condensed phase, in particular in a supercritical state in the case of CO2.
  • the mixing of the components and the gas is kneaded and pressurized in order to obtain a good homogeneity and an optimal dissolution of the gas in the melted mixture to obtain a single phase.
  • the subsequent zones of the cylinder are then progressively colder in order to maintain the pressure necessary for the solubilization of the gas.
  • the cooled mixture is optionally homogenized again, by passing through a static mixer which will divide the flow into several "channels" which will be crossed and redistributed, in order to make the temperature profile of a perpendicular section of the flow most possible dish.
  • the homogeneous mixture, monophasic plasticized components and gas then passes into the forming tool, consisting of a die guiding the flow to the desired foaming.
  • the pressure drop that the mixture undergoes since the exit of the cylinder decreases constantly the pressure of the mixture; at a time this pressure drops below the critical threshold where the gas, previously solubilized, will supersaturate the mixture and gas bubbles will then arise, forming a second discrete phase.
  • the zone of formation of these primary bubbles should not happen too early, under penalty of causing a premoussage giving a deformed and unstable foam, with an unattractive surface.
  • the means of action on the place where this critical step of demixing occurs are multiple: viscosity of the components, temperature of the tool, proportion of gas, form of the tool, flow of the extruder all these parameters to be Optimized for each foam blade profile to be realized.
  • the foam exits the atmosphere, at high temperature, and expands freely.
  • the viscosity of the cell walls increases with the cooling and migration of the gas in the cells, until the cell structure is frozen. But this process takes time, and the shape of the foam is usually not stable immediately.
  • To control the dimensions of the foam it can be passed through a calibration system, by a motorized draw at the end of the extrusion line.
  • the calibrators possibly temperature controlled for a more effective control of the shape especially at the beginning when the foam is the hottest, gradually impose the foamed mass its final shape. It is during this step that are formed, respectively completed the first and second opposite parallel edges with their section forming a groove type profile and a tongue-like profile, the latter comprising the recess along its length.
  • Co-extrusion in line It is possible to modify a portion or the entire surface of the solidified primary foam blade by adding an additional layer of material by coextrusion.
  • This secondary layer which must be compatible with the former to ensure good cohesion, may have the function of strengthening the mechanical properties, resistance to external conditions or aesthetic properties, thus forming a protective layer, finish and / or decoration.
  • the foam is generally drawn by a motorized stretching machine, single or double depending on the number of blades extruded in parallel.
  • the blade is then cut to length by a saw, ensuring a perfectly perpendicular cut.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross section of a blade variant according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section through several blades of FIG. 1 after assembly
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section of another blade variant according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section through two blades of FIG. 3 after assembly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a first blade variant 1 according to the invention.
  • the blade 1 comprises a foam profile 5 with two major surfaces 3 and 4 connected by at least a first and a second edge 15 and 25.
  • the first edge 15 comprises a tongue 12, a groove 13 and a recess 14.
  • the second edge 25 comprises a tongue 22, a groove 23 and a recess 24. These edges are designed to be complementary to each other except at the location of the recesses 14, 24.
  • the tongue 12 a first edge 15 can be plugged into a groove 23 of a second identical blade (not shown in Figure 1)
  • the groove 13 of the first edge 15 can receive the tongue 22 of the second blade.
  • the two recesses 14, 24 (of semicircular sections) form a cavity (of circular section).
  • a bar 10 is then inserted into each cavity in order to block and secure the assembly of several blades 1.
  • the blades 1 1 at the ends of the assembly are so-called finishing or termination blades.
  • the edge without groove and tongue of this blade, and thus of the assembly is straight, but it could have any other form, for example rounded, etc.
  • FIG. 3 shows a blade variant 1 similar to that of FIG. 1, except that the blade 1 of this figure further comprises two longitudinal channels (hollow) 6.
  • the assembly of (two) blades 1 according to FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. 4 is similar to that of FIG. 2, but the assembly can be further stiffened (if desired) by introducing one or more additional bars 7 into the channels 6, as needed.
  • Blocking element (inserted in the bar or locking rod

Abstract

The invention relates to a foam blade (1) that is connectable to a blade of the same type by a tongue and groove system in which the blade includes two major opposite surfaces and four edges connecting said surfaces, a first and a second opposite parallel edge each having a section forming a tongue type profile and a groove type profile, each one of said first and second edges having a recess over the entire length of the tongue type profile thereof, the opening of the recess being oriented toward the median plane between the tongue and the respective groove, the shape of the second edge being complementary to the shape of the second edge except at the recesses, and the position of each one of the recesses being such that said recesses are suitable for forming together a cavity during the connections of two blades of the same type. Preferably, a locking element (10) is introduced into said cavity. The invention also relates to the use of such a blade, to a manufacturing method, and to an assembly method and a kit for assembling several blades of the indicated type.

Description

LAME EN MOUSSE AVEC DES MOYENS DE CONNEXION  FOAM BLADE WITH MEANS OF CONNECTION
Domaine technique Technical area
[0001 ] La présente invention concerne des lames en mousse permettant de réaliser des assemblages multi-lames de type volets, portes, brises-vues, clôtures, etc. The present invention relates to foam blades for making multi-blade assemblies like shutters, doors, screens, fences, etc..
Etat de la technique State of the art
[0002] Il est connu d'utiliser des profilés ou lames de mousse pour certaines applications, telle que celles indiquées ci-dessus. Cependant lors de l'application extérieure se pose souvent le problème d'une rigidité suffisante, surtout lors de l'exposition au soleil. En effet, dans un tel cas, seule une face des lames est exposée aux rayons du soleil et vu la faible conductivité thermique des mousses en général, ce côté exposé s'échauffe de manière assez importante par rapport à la face arrière non-exposée, ce qui entraîne la déformation de la lame, respectivement de l'assemblage. Dans certains cas une telle déformation peut même devenir permanente et donc ruiner l'aspect ou même la fonction de l'assemblage. It is known to use profiles or foam blades for certain applications, such as those indicated above. However, during external application, there is often the problem of sufficient rigidity, especially when exposed to the sun. Indeed, in such a case, only one face of the blades is exposed to the sun's rays and given the low thermal conductivity of foams in general, this exposed side heats up quite significantly compared to the unexposed back side, which causes the deformation of the blade, respectively of the assembly. In some cases such deformation can even become permanent and thus ruin the appearance or even the function of the assembly.
[0003] Une solution consiste à doubler les lames de profilés ou de barres rigides afin de contrecarrer l'effet de dilatation différentielle entre faces opposées. Cette solution n'est cependant pas satisfaisante au niveau esthétique. One solution is to double the blades of sections or rigid bars to counteract the differential expansion effect between opposite faces. This solution is however not satisfactory at the aesthetic level.
[0004] Une autre solution consiste à usiner les lames de mousses afin d'y créer des canaux pour y insérer des barres ou profilés de rigidification, de préférence à des endroits cachés après assemblage. Néanmoins cette solution demande d'une part une main d'œuvre importante et un outillage spécifique en atelier et sur chantier. Ceci est d'ailleurs d'autant plus vrai que la dissimulation des barres doit être complète et parfaite. Another solution is to machine the foam blades to create channels to insert bars or stiffening profiles, preferably in hidden places after assembly. Nevertheless, this solution requires on the one hand a large workforce and specific tools in the workshop and on site. This is all the more true as the concealment of the bars must be complete and perfect.
Objet de l'invention Object of the invention
[0005] Un objet de la présente invention est par conséquent de proposer une solution permettant de réaliser des assemblages du type indiqué qui sont suffisamment rigides, même dans des conditions de différence de température importante entre faces opposées et qui ne ruinent pas l'aspect esthétique de l'assemblage. De plus, il serait souhaitable de pouvoir proposer une solution simple, polyvalente et rapide qui permet l'assemblage directement sans préparation importante et sans outillage sophistiqué. Description générale de l'invention An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a solution for making assemblies of the indicated type which are sufficiently rigid, even under temperature difference conditions. important between opposite faces and that do not ruin the aesthetic aspect of the assembly. In addition, it would be desirable to be able to provide a simple, versatile and fast solution that allows assembly directly without significant preparation and sophisticated tools. General description of the invention
[0006] Afin de résoudre le problème mentionné ci-dessus, la présente invention propose dans un premier aspect une lame en mousse qui est connectable à une lame de même type par un système de languette et rainure. Selon l'invention, la lame comprend deux surfaces opposées majeures et au moins quatre arêtes reliant ces surfaces, dont une première et une deuxième arêtes parallèles opposées présentent chacune une section formant à la fois un profil de type languette et un profil de type rainure. De plus, chacune des première et deuxième arêtes présente un évidement sur toute la longueur (légèrement en retrait) de son profil de type languette, l'ouverture de cet évidement étant orientée vers le plan médian entre la languette et la rainure de telle manière que lors de l'assemblage par les arêtes de deux lames de même type se forme une cavité (longitudinale), dont la taille et forme de la section correspond à la somme des deux sections d'évidements, la forme de la première arête étant complémentaire de la forme de la deuxième arête sauf à l'endroit des évidements. Autrement dit, la position de la section de l'évidement d'une première arête est choisie de manière à être (sensiblement) en face de celle de l'évidement d'une deuxième arête d'une deuxième lame correspondante lors de l'assemblage ou de la connexion de deux lames de même type. Les évidements se trouvent donc de préférence à équidistance de l'extrémité de la languette respective. Avantageusement, la première arête correspond à la deuxième par une symétrie de rotation autour de l'axe central de la lame parallèle auxdites première et deuxième arêtes. To solve the problem mentioned above, the present invention provides in a first aspect a foam blade which is connectable to a blade of the same type by a tongue and groove system. According to the invention, the blade comprises two major opposite surfaces and at least four edges connecting these surfaces, a first and a second opposite parallel edges each having a section forming both a tongue-like profile and a groove-like profile. In addition, each of the first and second edges has a recess over the entire length (slightly recessed) of its tongue-like profile, the opening of this recess being oriented towards the median plane between the tongue and the groove in such a way that during the assembly by the edges of two blades of the same type forms a cavity (longitudinal), the size and shape of the section corresponds to the sum of the two recess sections, the shape of the first edge being complementary to the shape of the second edge except at the location of the recesses. In other words, the position of the section of the recess of a first edge is chosen to be (substantially) opposite that of the recess of a second edge of a corresponding second blade during assembly. or the connection of two blades of the same type. The recesses are therefore preferably equidistant from the end of the respective tongue. Advantageously, the first edge corresponds to the second by a rotational symmetry about the central axis of the blade parallel to said first and second edges.
[0007] Un deuxième aspect concerne l'utilisation d'une lame telle que décrite dans ce document pour des applications extérieures, telles que les volets, les brises-vues, les clôtures, les revêtements de façade, la menuiserie extérieure, les parements et des applications équivalentes. [0008] Un troisième aspect de l'invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage d'au moins deux lames selon l'invention, le procédé comprenant: a) le placement côte à côte d'une première arête d'une première lame à profil de type languette et à profil de type rainure avec une deuxième arête d'une deuxième lame, b) la connexion de la première et de la deuxième lame par enfichage des profils de type languette dans les profils de type rainure de chacune de deux lames, ce faisant l'évidement de la première arête de la première lame et l'évidement de la deuxième arête de la deuxième lame se complètent pour former ensemble une cavité, c) l'introduction par au moins une arête perpendiculaire auxdites première et deuxième arêtes d'un élément bloquant dans ladite cavité formée par les deux évidements mentionnés précédemment, la section de l'élément bloquant correspondant essentiellement à celle de ladite cavité et d) la réitération éventuelle des étapes a) à c) en fonction du nombre de lames à connecter. A second aspect relates to the use of a blade as described in this document for outdoor applications, such as shutters, screens, fences, facade cladding, exterior carpentry, siding and equivalent applications. A third aspect of the invention relates to a method of assembling at least two blades according to the invention, the method comprising: a) placing side by side a first edge of a first profile blade tongue-like and groove type profile with a second edge of a second blade; b) connecting the first and second blades by inserting the tongue-like profiles into the groove-like profiles of each of two blades, in doing so the recess of the first edge of the first blade and the recess of the second edge of the second blade complement each other to form a cavity together; c) the introduction by at least one edge perpendicular to said first and second edges of a blocking element in said cavity formed by the two aforementioned recesses, the section of the blocking element essentially corresponding to that of said cavity and d) the eventual reiteration of the steps s a) to c) depending on the number of blades to be connected.
[0009] Dans un aspect supplémentaire, l'invention concerne donc aussi un kit d'assemblage comprenant n lames de mousse telles que décrites ici et n-1 éléments bloquants destinés à être introduits dans la cavité formée par deux évidements de lames adjacentes, n étant un nombre entier > 2. En fonction de l'application, n sera généralement situé entre 3 et 100 ou même plus. In a further aspect, the invention therefore also relates to an assembly kit comprising n foam blades as described herein and n-1 blocking elements intended to be introduced into the cavity formed by two recesses of adjacent blades, n being an integer> 2. Depending on the application, n will usually be between 3 and 100 or even more.
[0010] Les avantages des lames selon l'invention sont nombreux. Premièrement, les lames en mousse sont simples à assembler: il suffit d'enficher les arêtes opposées respectives. Les lames ainsi assemblées sont solidarisées simplement en glissant un élément bloquant ou barre de blocage dans la cavité formée par les évidements de deux lames enfichées. Les lames assemblées et solidarisées sont en même temps rigidifiées par la rigidité de l'élément bloquant (et donc aussi de rigidification). The advantages of the blades according to the invention are numerous. First, the foam blades are simple to assemble: just plug the respective opposite edges. The thus assembled blades are secured simply by sliding a blocking element or locking bar in the cavity formed by the recesses of two inserted blades. The assembled and secured blades are at the same time stiffened by the rigidity of the blocking element (and therefore also stiffening).
[001 1 ] La mousse de la lame selon l'invention peut être de tout type approprié pour l'application prévue de la lame. On peut citer les mousses de composites bois-plastique, composés de sciure de bois incorporées dans divers polymères, entre autres : polyéthylène haute densité (HDPE), poly(chlorure de vinyle) (PVC), polypropylène (PP), acrylonitrile butadiène styrène (ABS), polystyrène (PS), et poly(acide lactique) (PLA) ; les mousses de mélanges de polystyrène homopolymère (cristal) ou de polystyrène choc (HIPS, PS copolymérisé avec du butadiène) avec du polyphénylène oxyde (PPO), dénommé également polyphénylène éther (PPE), renforcé ou non de fibres de verre. De préférence, la mousse de la lame est une mousse de polystyrène, en l'occurrence un homopolymère ou copolymère de styrène. De manière particulièrement préférée, il s'agit d'un copolymère de styrène et d'un ou plusieurs comonomères, par exemple butadiène, styrène-butadiène-styrène, acrylonitrile- butadiène, éthylène-propylène-diène (EPDM), .... The foam of the blade according to the invention can be of any type suitable for the intended application of the blade. Wood-plastic composite foams made of sawdust incorporated in various polymers, among others: high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polystyrene (PS), and poly (lactic acid) (PLA); blends of polystyrene homopolymer (crystal) or impact polystyrene (HIPS, PS copolymerized with butadiene) with polyphenylene oxide (PPO), also called polyphenylene ether (PPE), reinforced or not with glass fibers. Preferably, the foam of the blade is a polystyrene foam, in this case a homopolymer or copolymer of styrene. Particularly preferably, it is a copolymer of styrene and one or more comonomers, for example butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene, ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM), ....
[0012] Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le polymère styrénique ou polystyrène utilisé est choisi dans le groupe constitué du polystyrène (cristal), du polystyrène choc basé sur du butadiène (HIPS), de l'acrylonitrile-butadiène- styrène (ABS), du styrène-butadiène-styrène (SBS), du styrène-éthylène- butadiène-styrène (SEBS), du polystyrène choc basé sur de l'éthylène- propylène-diène, du mélange de polystyrène homopolymère (cristal) ou de polystyrène modifié choc basé sur le butadiène (HIPS) avec du polyphénylène oxyde/éther (PPO/PPE), ou de leurs mélanges. According to an advantageous embodiment, the styrenic polymer or polystyrene used is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene (crystal), impact polystyrene based on butadiene (HIPS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) , styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS), impact polystyrene based on ethylene-propylene-diene, polystyrene blend homopolymer (crystal) or impact modified polystyrene based on butadiene (HIPS) with polyphenylene oxide / ether (PPO / EPP), or mixtures thereof.
[0013] On peut également utiliser plusieurs sortes de polystyrènes, différant en viscosité et donc en masse moléculaire, seuls ou en mélange avec d'autres copolymères de styrène et d'un monomère diène. Des copolymères adéquats sont par exemple du polystyrène choc basé sur du butadiène (HIPS), du polystyrène choc basé sur de l'éthylène-propylène-diène (EPDM), l'acrylonitrile-butadiène-styrène (ABS), le styrène-butadiène-styrène (SBS), le styrène-éthylène-butadiène-styrène (SEBS) ou leurs mélanges. It is also possible to use several kinds of polystyrenes, differing in viscosity and therefore in molecular weight, alone or mixed with other copolymers of styrene and a diene monomer. Suitable copolymers are, for example, butadiene-based high impact polystyrene (HIPS), ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) -based polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene-butadiene- styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene (SEBS) or mixtures thereof.
[0014] De manière à améliorer ou varier l'aspect de la lame résultante, le polystyrène peut être teinté dans la masse en employant des pigments et/ou colorants appropriés bien connus de l'homme de métier. In order to improve or vary the appearance of the resulting blade, the polystyrene can be dyed in the mass by using suitable pigments and / or dyes well known to those skilled in the art.
[0015] L'agent moussant utilisé pour obtenir la mousse peut être un agent moussant physique, chimique ou une combinaison de deux ou plusieurs agents moussants physiques et/ou chimiques. Il s'agit d'une manière générale de ceux couramment utilisés dans la fabrication de mousses, notamment les mousses de polystyrène. Parmi les agents moussants physiques appropriés, on peut citer les agents gazeux à température et pression ambiantes, tels que le CO2, l'azote, les alcanes inférieurs, par exemple le butane ou l'isobutane, etc. et les agents liquides à température et pression ambiantes, comme le pentane, l'hexane, etc. Parmi les agents moussants chimiques, on peut citer l'azodicarbonamide, une combinaison d'acide citrique et de bicarbonate de sodium, l'OBSH, etc. Les agents chimiques peuvent aussi être utilisés comme agents dits nucléants actifs en combinaison avec un ou plusieurs agents physiques. [0016] La teneur en agent moussant utilisé dépend évidemment de la nature de l'agent moussant lui-même, mais aussi de la densité de mousse souhaitée. A titre d'exemple, le pourcentage en poids de CO2 dans le cas du gazage direct se situe entre 0.01 % et 5%, de préférence entre 0.015 et 3%. The foaming agent used to obtain the foam may be a physical or chemical foaming agent or a combination of two or more physical and / or chemical foaming agents. These are generally those commonly used in the manufacture of foams, including polystyrene foams. Suitable physical foaming agents include gaseous agents at ambient temperature and pressure, such as CO2, nitrogen, lower alkanes, for example butane or isobutane, and the like. and liquid agents at ambient temperature and pressure, such as pentane, hexane and the like. Among the chemical foaming agents, mention may be made of azodicarbonamide, a combination of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate, OBSH, etc. The chemical agents can also be used as active nucleating agents in combination with one or more physical agents. The content of foaming agent used obviously depends on the nature of the foaming agent itself, but also the desired foam density. By way of example, the percentage by weight of CO2 in the case of direct gassing is between 0.01% and 5%, preferably between 0.015 and 3%.
[0017] De préférence, la lame comprend une mousse ayant une densité comprise entre 40 kg/m3 et 750 kg/m3, de manière davantage préférée entre et 60 et 650 kg/m3 et plus particulièrement entre et 80 et 550 kg/m3. La mousse comprend de préférence des cellules fines, par exemple de 5 à 200 μιτι, et celles-ci sont de préférence de taille homogène. Preferably, the blade comprises a foam having a density of between 40 kg / m 3 and 750 kg / m 3 , more preferably between 60 and 650 kg / m 3 and more particularly between and 80 and 550 kg. / m 3 . The foam preferably comprises fine cells, for example from 5 to 200 μιτι, and these are preferably of uniform size.
[0018] La lame en mousse peut présenter une couche (extérieure) superficielle de finition ou de protection. Cette couche est en général non- moussée et peut être constituée du ou des mêmes polymères que la couche de mousse, mais sans agents moussants. The foam blade may have a surface layer (outer) surface finish or protection. This layer is generally non-foamed and may consist of the same polymer or polymers as the foam layer, but without foaming agents.
[0019] Cette couche peut également avoir une composition différente de celles de la couche de mousse, c'est-à-dire comprendre des polymères différents de ceux utilisé pour la mousse. This layer may also have a composition different from that of the foam layer, that is to say include polymers different from those used for the foam.
[0020] Dans une variante préférée la couche extérieure de finition ou de protection est en polyméthacrylate de méthyle. Ce polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA) peut être un homopolymère de méthacrylate de méthyle ou un copolymère de méthacrylate de méthyle et d'autres comonomères, ou encore un mélange de tels polymères. Par conséquent, le terme PMMA peut désigner une composition de PMMA comprenant un ou plusieurs homo- et/ou copolymère(s). De préférence, le PMMA est un copolymère de méthacrylate de méthyle et de (méth)acrylate d'éthyle, de manière encore plus préféré un copolymère de méthacrylate de méthyle et de acrylate d'éthyle, p. ex. CAS 9010-88-2. Avantageusement, un tel PMMA est utilisé en mélange avec un ou plusieurs autres polymères compatibles, de préférence un ou plusieurs copolymère(s) (greffé(s)) comprenant des groupements acryliques et styréniques. In a preferred embodiment the outer layer of finish or protection is polymethyl methacrylate. This polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) may be a homopolymer of methyl methacrylate or a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and other comonomers, or a mixture of such polymers. Therefore, the term PMMA may refer to a PMMA composition comprising one or more homo- and / or copolymer (s). PMMA is preferably a methacrylate copolymer of methyl and ethyl (meth) acrylate, still more preferably a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate, e.g. ex. CAS 9010-88-2. Advantageously, such PMMA is used in admixture with one or more other compatible polymers, preferably one or more copolymer (s) (grafted) comprising acrylic and styrenic groups.
[0021 ] La couche extérieure de finition ou de protection est de préférence co- extrudée avec la couche de mousse. Dans une variante avantageuse, la mousse est en polystyrène co-extrudé avec une couche de PMMA, de manière à former une lame comprenant un substrat moussé en polystyrène muni d'une couche extérieure en PMMA résistant aux rayons UV et plus généralement aux intempéries. Le PMMA utilisé est de préférence essentiellement transparent, mais il peut être teinté ou coloré et peut contenir, si nécessaire ou utile, d'autres adjuvants et additifs. Le terme « essentiellement transparent » ou plus simplement « transparent » dans ce contexte indique que le matériau laisse passer au moins certaines longueurs d'ondes de la lumière visible. The outer layer of finish or protection is preferably coextruded with the foam layer. In an advantageous variant, the foam is polystyrene coextruded with a PMMA layer, so as to form a blade comprising a foamed polystyrene substrate provided with an outer layer of PMMA resistant to UV rays and more generally to the weather. The PMMA used is preferably substantially transparent, but may be stained or colored and may contain, if necessary or useful, other adjuvants and additives. The term "essentially transparent" or simply "transparent" in this context indicates that the material allows at least some wavelengths of visible light to pass.
[0022] Le PMMA ou la composition de PMMA, présente généralement un indice de fluidité (Melt Flow Index, MFI) d'au moins 1 , de préférence d'au moins 2.0, de manière davantage préférée d'au moins 3.0, en particulier d'au moins 4.0, avantageusement d'au moins 5.0 g/10 min, 230°C, 3.8 kg. En outre, l'indice de fluidité est généralement d'au plus 15, de préférence d'au plus 14.0, de manière davantage préférée d'au plus 13.0, en particulier d'au plus 12.0, avantageusement d'au plus 10.0 g/10 min, 230°C, 3.8 kg. Avantageusement, le MFI du PMMA est d'environ 5.0 à 10.0 g/10 min, 230°C, 3.8 kg. Le Melt Flow Index (MFI) ou Indice de Fluidité (IF), également connu sous les noms Melt Flow Rate (MFR) ou Melt Index (Ml), est une méthode communément utilisée dans l'industrie des plastiques pour la caractérisation des matériaux thermoplastiques. Elle permet d'estimer leur extrudabilité. Cette méthode traditionnelle et relativement simple, décrite dans la norme ASTM D1238, est facilement utilisable pour le contrôle qualité de lots en production et en réception. The PMMA or the PMMA composition generally has a Melt Flow Index (MFI) of at least 1, preferably at least 2.0, more preferably at least 3.0, in particular at least 4.0, preferably at least 5.0 g / 10 min, 230 ° C, 3.8 kg. In addition, the melt index is generally at most 15, preferably at most 14.0, more preferably at most 13.0, in particular at most 12.0, preferably at most 10.0 g / 10 min, 230 ° C, 3.8 kg. Advantageously, the PMMA MFI is about 5.0 to 10.0 g / 10 min, 230 ° C, 3.8 kg. The Melt Flow Index (MFI), also known as the Melt Flow Rate (MFR) or the Melt Index (Ml), is a method commonly used in the plastics industry for the characterization of thermoplastic materials. . It allows to estimate their extrudability. This traditional and relatively simple method, described in ASTM D1238, is easily used for batch quality control in production and receiving.
[0023] L'épaisseur de la couche de finition ou de protection se situe avantageusement entre 50 μιτι et 500 μιτι, plus avantageusement entre 100 μιτι et 400 μητι, avec une préférence pour environ 200 μηη à 300 μητι, de manière particulièrement préférée avec une épaisseur constante sur toute la section. The thickness of the topcoat or protection layer is advantageously between 50 μιτι and 500 μιτι, more advantageously between 100 μιτι and 400 μητι, with a preference for about 200 μηη to 300 μητι, particularly preferably with a constant thickness over the entire section.
[0024] L'épaisseur de la mousse dépend en première ligne de l'utilisation prévue de la lame confectionnée. Cette épaisseur est nettement plus importante que celle de la couche de finition ou de protection et se situera en général entre 5 mm et 20 cm (ou plus), de préférence entre 8 mm et 10 cm, en particulier entre 10 mm et 5 cm. The thickness of the foam depends on the first line of the intended use of the made blade. This thickness is much greater than that of the topcoat or protection layer and will generally be between 5 mm and 20 cm (or more), preferably between 8 mm and 10 cm, in particular between 10 mm and 5 cm.
[0025] Comme expliqué plus en détail ci-dessus, la lame en mousse est de préférence en polystyrène moussé et comprend avantageusement une couche extérieure non-moussée comprenant du polyméthacrylate de méthyle. As explained in more detail above, the foam blade is preferably foamed polystyrene and advantageously comprises a non-foamed outer layer comprising polymethyl methacrylate.
[0026] L'évidement présente de préférence une section semi-circulaire, rectangulaire ou polygonale. En principe les évidements de la première et de la deuxième arête ont une section identique, mais cela n'est pas indispensable, dans la mesure où la section de l'élément bloquant est adaptée de manière similaire. L'élément bloquant peut être un élément plein ou creux ou même un profilé ouvert de type en forme de U. En pratique l'élément bloquant est dimensionné de telle manière qu'il ne présente pas de jeu à l'intérieur de la cavité. Dans une variante, la section générale de l'élément bloquant correspond à celle de la cavité, mais l'élément bloquant peut présenter en plus des protubérances ou saillies sur sa surface extérieure en contact avec la mousse de manière à le maintenir dans la mousse. Dans le cas d'un élément bloquant cylindrique, sa surface extérieure peut également présenter la forme d'un pas de vis. The recess preferably has a semicircular, rectangular or polygonal section. In principle the recesses of the first and second edges have an identical section, but this is not essential, insofar as the section of the blocking element is similarly adapted. The blocking element may be a solid or hollow element or even a U-shaped open profile. In practice, the blocking element is dimensioned in such a way that it has no clearance inside the cavity. In a variant, the general section of the blocking element corresponds to that of the cavity, but the blocking element may additionally have protuberances or protrusions on its outer surface in contact with the foam so as to maintain it in the foam. In the case of a cylindrical locking element, its outer surface may also have the shape of a thread.
[0027] L'élément bloquant outre sa forme joue le rôle de rigidificateur et en tant que tel est en un matériau suffisamment rigide dans les conditions d'application pour pouvoir impartir une rigidité suffisante à l'assemblage. De préférence, l'élément bloquant est en métal, de préférence en aluminium ou en acier inoxydable. D'autres matériaux, comme le bois, le contreplaqué, les matières plastiques, les métaux ferreux et non ferreux, les matériaux composites comme les fibres de verre, les fibres de carbone, le Kevlar®, la polyétheréthercétone (PEEK), le ciment, le ciment polymère ou tout autre matériau approprié, peuvent cependant convenir pour certaines applications. [0028] Dans une variante supplémentaire, la lame peut comprendre en outre dans le corps de la mousse un ou plusieurs canaux longitudinaux parallèles auxdites première et deuxième arêtes. Ces canaux peuvent servir à rigidifier davantage la lame ou l'assemblage en y introduisant des barres de rigidification additionnelles. Le procédé d'assemblage comprend alors le cas échéant en outre l'étape d'introduction d'une barre de rigidification dans chacun des canaux longitudinaux ou certains seulement en fonction des besoins de rigidité. The blocking element in addition to its shape acts as a stiffener and as such is a sufficiently rigid material in the application conditions to impart sufficient rigidity to the assembly. Preferably, the blocking element is made of metal, preferably aluminum or stainless steel. Other materials, such as wood, plywood, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, composite materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, Kevlar®, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), cement, polymer cement or any other suitable material, may however be suitable for certain applications. In a further variant, the blade may further comprise in the body of the foam one or more longitudinal channels parallel to said first and second edges. These channels can be used to further stiffen the blade or assembly by introducing additional stiffening bars. The assembly method then optionally also comprises the step of introducing a stiffening bar into each of the longitudinal channels or some only depending on the rigidity requirements.
[0029] Les barres de rigidification peuvent être du même type (matériau, forme, etc.) que les éléments bloquants ou d'un type différent. The stiffening bars may be of the same type (material, shape, etc.) as the blocking elements or of a different type.
[0030] Il est à noter que les surfaces (majeures) extérieures opposées des lames peuvent être identiques ou différentes, tant au niveau de la couleur (uniforme, stries de couleurs différentes, par exemple imitant le bois), de la forme (plane ou autre), et/ou de l'ornementation (relief, grain, stries, etc.) de sorte que l'aspect d'une lame varie en fonction du côté que l'utilisateur voit de l'assemblage. De plus, si la première arête correspond à la deuxième par une symétrie de rotation autour de l'axe central de la lame parallèle auxdites première et deuxième arêtes tel que mentionné ci-dessus, il est possible d'alterner l'orientation d'une lame par rapport à la lame adjacente pour avoir un aspect plus varié. It should be noted that the opposite outer surfaces (major) of the blades may be identical or different, both in terms of the color (uniform, streaks of different colors, for example imitating the wood), the shape (flat or other), and / or ornamentation (relief, grain, streaks, etc.) so that the appearance of a blade varies depending on which side the user sees the assembly. In addition, if the first edge corresponds to the second by rotation symmetry about the central axis of the blade parallel to said first and second edges as mentioned above, it is possible to alternate the orientation of a blade relative to the adjacent blade to have a more varied appearance.
[0031 ] De plus, il est également prévu de proposer des lames en mousse dites de finition ou de terminaison, ne présentant qu'une première arête ou une deuxième arête avec rainure et languette tel que décrit ici sur un seul côté de la lame. L'arête opposée de ces lames se présente alors sous forme d'une arête à section droite, arrondie ou présentant une forme quelconque, non enfichable dans une arête d'une autre lame. La fonction de telles lames de finition est donc de permettre de terminer un assemblage par un élément à tranche soignée, sans devoir découper une lame en mousse avec deux arêtes enfichables. [0032] Si dans les lames en mousse, la première arête correspond de préférence à la deuxième par une symétrie de rotation autour de l'axe central de la lame parallèle auxdites première et deuxième arêtes, une lame de finition correspondante peut servir à terminer l'assemblage de chaque côté par simple rotation de la lame de finition. In addition, it is also intended to provide so-called finishing or termination foam blades, having only a first edge or a second edge with groove and tongue as described here on one side of the blade. The opposite edge of these blades is then in the form of a straight-sectioned ridge, rounded or having any shape, not plug-in an edge of another blade. The function of such finishing blades is to allow to finish an assembly by a neat slice element, without having to cut a foam blade with two plug-in edges. If in the foam blades, the first edge preferably corresponds to the second by a symmetry of rotation about the central axis of the blade parallel to said first and second edges, a finishing blade corresponding can be used to complete the assembly on each side by simple rotation of the finishing blade.
[0033] Un quatrième aspect de l'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une lame en mousse telle que décrite ici, le procédé comprenant les étapes de a) dosage des constituants polymères de la mousse et optionnellement d'autres additifs et adjuvants, b) plastification des constituants dans une extrudeuse afin d'obtenir un mélange homogène, c) introduction d'un ou de plusieurs agents moussants, d) malaxage et mise sous pression du mélange résultant, e) optionnellement, refroidissement progressif dudit mélange, f) extrusion du mélange et passage du mélange dans un outil de mise en forme afin de former une lame comprenant une première et une deuxième arêtes parallèles opposées présentent chacune une section formant un profil de type languette et un profil de type rainure, chacune des première et deuxième arêtes présente un évidement sur toute la longueur de son profil de type languette, g) optionnellement, passage de la lame ainsi formée à travers un système de calibrage de préférence contrôlé en température, et h) tirage de la lame calibrée. A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a foam blade as described herein, the method comprising the steps of a) assaying the polymer components of the foam and optionally other additives and adjuvants, b) plastification of the constituents in an extruder to obtain a homogeneous mixture, c) introduction of one or more foaming agents, d) mixing and pressurization of the resulting mixture, e) optionally, progressive cooling of said mixture, f) extruding the mixture and passing the mixture through a forming tool to form a blade having a first and a second opposite parallel edge each having a tongue-like profile section and a groove-like profile, each of the first and second edges has a recess along the entire length of its tongue-like profile, g) optionally, passage of the blade thus formed through a sys calibration method preferably temperature controlled, and h) pulling the calibrated blade.
[0034] Le procédé de fabrication ci-dessus, peut également comprenant une étape de co-extrusion d'une couche de finition et/ou de protection pendant ou après l'étape f). [0035] Un exemple de procédé de fabrication est donné ci-après : [0036] 1 . Dosage des composants : The manufacturing method above, can also include a step of co-extrusion of a topcoat and / or protection during or after step f). An example of a manufacturing method is given below: [0036] 1. Dosage of the components:
[0037] Les composants de la formulation sont dosés individuellement par une station de dosage de type volumétrique ou gravimétrique, pour réaliser précisément la composition voulue. Les matières premières sont de préférence sous forme de granulés réguliers, ayant si possible la même taille et la même forme d'un composant à l'autre. On préférera aussi que la densité apparente soit dans une fourchette étroite entre les divers composants, afin de ne pas provoquer un démélange précoce. The components of the formulation are individually dosed by a metering station of volumetric or gravimetric type, to achieve precisely the desired composition. The raw materials are preferably in the form of regular granules, having if possible the same size and the same form from one component to another. It will also be preferred that the apparent density be in a narrow range between the various components, so as not to cause premature disbanding.
[0038] 2. Extrudeuse : [0039] Les composants ainsi dosés sont acheminés vers l'alimentation d'une extrudeuse plastificatrice. Cette extrudeuse comporte de préférence deux vis, qui peuvent être co- ou contre-rotatives, auto-nettoyante ou pas. Le cylindre comporte plusieurs zones de chauffage. La première partie du cylindre est chauffée à haute température, afin de plastifier les composants solides dosés à l'alimentation, tout en les malaxant pour homogénéiser le tout. A l'endroit le plus favorable du point de vue de la viscosité et de la pression dans le cylindre, on injecte un gaz sous pression via un port d'injection foré dans le cylindre. Le gaz sera maintenu dans sa phase condensée, en particulier dans un état supercritique dans le cas du CO2. Le mélange des composants et du gaz est malaxé et pressurisé afin d'obtenir une bonne homogénéité et une dissolution optimale du gaz dans le mélange fondu pour obtenir une seule phase. Les zones suivantes du cylindre sont ensuite progressivement plus froides afin de maintenir la pression nécessaire à la solubilisation du gaz. 2. Extruder: The components thus measured are fed to the feed of a laminating extruder. This extruder preferably comprises two screws, which can be co- or counter-rotating, self-cleaning or not. The cylinder has several heating zones. The first part of the cylinder is heated at high temperature, in order to plasticize the solid components dosed to the feed, while mixing them to homogenize the whole. At the most favorable point in terms of viscosity and pressure in the cylinder, pressurized gas is injected via an injection port drilled into the cylinder. The gas will be maintained in its condensed phase, in particular in a supercritical state in the case of CO2. The mixing of the components and the gas is kneaded and pressurized in order to obtain a good homogeneity and an optimal dissolution of the gas in the melted mixture to obtain a single phase. The subsequent zones of the cylinder are then progressively colder in order to maintain the pressure necessary for the solubilization of the gas.
[0040] 3. Refroidissement (optionnel) : [0041 ] Il peut se faire en pratique selon deux dispositions : [0040] 3. Cooling (optional): [0041] It can be done in practice according to two provisions:
[0042] i) Échangeur de chaleur "dynamique" par l'emploi d'une configuration de vis longues : la première partie du cylindre ayant servi à la plastification et à l'homogénéisation des composants solides avec le gaz, la seconde partie de la vis, dont les zones sont refroidies par circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, permet le refroidissement du mélange monophasique. Le design de la vis de cette dernière partie est spécifiquement adapté pour générer le moins possible de chaleur par cisaillement. I) "Dynamic" heat exchanger by the use of a configuration of long screws: the first part of the cylinder used for the plasticization and homogenization of the solid components with the gas, the second part of the screw, whose zones are cooled by circulation of a heat transfer fluid, allows the cooling of the monophasic mixture. The design of the screw of this last part is specifically adapted to generate the least possible heat by shearing.
[0043] ii) Échangeur de chaleur "statique" : le mélange homogène des composants plastifiés et du gaz quitte le cylindre de l'extrudeuse pour passer à travers un échangeur de chaleur, parcouru d'un fluide caloporteur. [0044] 4. Homogénéisation (optionnel) : Ii) "Static" heat exchanger: the homogeneous mixture of the plasticized components and the gas leaves the cylinder of the extruder to pass through a heat exchanger, traversed by a heat transfer fluid. [0044] 4. Homogenization (optional):
[0045] Le mélange refroidi est éventuellement à nouveau homogénéisé, par passage dans un mélangeur statique qui va diviser le flux en plusieurs "canaux" qui seront croisés et redistribués, afin de rendre le profil de température d'une section perpendiculaire du flux le plus plat possible. The cooled mixture is optionally homogenized again, by passing through a static mixer which will divide the flow into several "channels" which will be crossed and redistributed, in order to make the temperature profile of a perpendicular section of the flow most possible dish.
[0046] 5. Relaxation (optionnel) : 5. Relaxation (optional):
[0047] On peut éventuellement adjoindre une section de relaxation du flux, en plaçant un tube vide sur une distance adéquate. Ceci permet aux tensions internes dues au cisaillement, ainsi qu'aux effets "mémoire" viscoélastiques de se relâcher et assurer un écoulement plus régulier du flux. One may optionally add a flow relaxation section, placing an empty tube on a suitable distance. This allows internal shear stresses, as well as viscoelastic "memory" effects to relax and provide a smoother flow flow.
[0048] 6. Filière de moussage : [0048] 6. Foaming die:
[0049] Le mélange homogène, monophasique des composants plastifiés et du gaz passe ensuite dans l'outil de mise en forme, constitué d'une filière guidant le flux vers la forme de moussage voulue. La perte de charge que subit le mélange depuis la sortie du cylindre diminue sans cesse la pression du mélange; à un moment cette pression chute en dessous du seuil critique où le gaz, auparavant solubilisé, va sursaturer le mélange et des bulles de gaz vont alors prendre naissance, formant une deuxième phase discrète. Idéalement, la zone de formation de ces bulles primaires ne doit pas se passer trop tôt, sous peine d'occasionner un prémoussage donnant une mousse déformée et instable, avec une surface peu attractive. Les moyens d'actions sur l'endroit où se produit cette étape critique de démixtion sont multiples: viscosité des composants, température de l'outil, proportion de gaz, forme de l'outil, débit de l'extrudeuse tous ces paramètres devant être optimisés pour chaque profil de lame en mousse à réaliser. The homogeneous mixture, monophasic plasticized components and gas then passes into the forming tool, consisting of a die guiding the flow to the desired foaming. The pressure drop that the mixture undergoes since the exit of the cylinder decreases constantly the pressure of the mixture; at a time this pressure drops below the critical threshold where the gas, previously solubilized, will supersaturate the mixture and gas bubbles will then arise, forming a second discrete phase. Ideally, the zone of formation of these primary bubbles should not happen too early, under penalty of causing a premoussage giving a deformed and unstable foam, with an unattractive surface. The means of action on the place where this critical step of demixing occurs are multiple: viscosity of the components, temperature of the tool, proportion of gas, form of the tool, flow of the extruder all these parameters to be Optimized for each foam blade profile to be realized.
[0050] 7. Mise en forme : [0050] 7. Formatting:
[0051 ] La mousse sort à l'atmosphère, à haute température, et s'expanse librement. La viscosité des parois cellulaires augmente avec le refroidissement et la migration du gaz dans les cellules, jusqu'à figer la structure cellulaire. Mais ce processus prend du temps, et la forme de la mousse n'est en général pas stable immédiatement. Pour contrôler les dimensions de la mousse, on peut la faire passer à travers un système de calibrage, par un tirage motorisé en fin de la ligne d'extrusion. Les calibreurs, éventuellement contrôlés en température pour un contrôle plus efficace de la forme surtout au début lorsque la mousse est la plus chaude, imposent progressivement à la masse moussée sa forme définitive. [0052] C'est pendant cette étape que sont formées, respectivement achevées les première et deuxième arêtes parallèles opposées avec leur section formant un profil de type rainure et un profil de type languette, ce dernier comprenant l'évidement sur sa longueur. The foam exits the atmosphere, at high temperature, and expands freely. The viscosity of the cell walls increases with the cooling and migration of the gas in the cells, until the cell structure is frozen. But this process takes time, and the shape of the foam is usually not stable immediately. To control the dimensions of the foam, it can be passed through a calibration system, by a motorized draw at the end of the extrusion line. The calibrators, possibly temperature controlled for a more effective control of the shape especially at the beginning when the foam is the hottest, gradually impose the foamed mass its final shape. It is during this step that are formed, respectively completed the first and second opposite parallel edges with their section forming a groove type profile and a tongue-like profile, the latter comprising the recess along its length.
[0053] 8. Co-extrusion en ligne (optionnel) : [0054] Il est possible de modifier une partie ou toute la surface de la lame en mousse primaire solidifiée en lui adjoignant une couche supplémentaire de matière par co-extrusion. Cette couche secondaire, qui doit être compatible avec la première pour assurer une bonne cohésion, peut avoir pour fonction un renforcement des propriétés mécaniques, de résistance aux conditions extérieures ou des propriétés esthétiques, formant ainsi un couche de protection, de finition et/ou de décoration. 8. Co-extrusion in line (optional): It is possible to modify a portion or the entire surface of the solidified primary foam blade by adding an additional layer of material by coextrusion. This secondary layer, which must be compatible with the former to ensure good cohesion, may have the function of strengthening the mechanical properties, resistance to external conditions or aesthetic properties, thus forming a protective layer, finish and / or decoration.
[0055] 9. Ornementation en ligne (optionnel) : 9. Online ornamentation (optional):
[0056] Il est possible d'imprimer des motifs décoratifs sur une portion choisie de la lame, par exemple via un rouleau chauffant pressé contre la mousse préalablement réchauffée localement, ou par un système de presse avançant avec le profil, ou tout autre procédé connu de l'homme de métier. It is possible to print decorative patterns on a selected portion of the blade, for example via a heating roller pressed against the foam previously reheated locally, or by a press system advancing with the profile, or any other known method of the skilled person.
[0057] 10. Tirage et coupe : [0057] 10. Printing and cutting:
[0058] La mousse est généralement tirée par une étireuse motorisée, simple ou double suivant le nombre de lames extrudées en parallèle. La lame est alors coupée à longueur par une scie, assurant une coupe bien perpendiculaire. The foam is generally drawn by a motorized stretching machine, single or double depending on the number of blades extruded in parallel. The blade is then cut to length by a saw, ensuring a perfectly perpendicular cut.
[0059] 1 1 . Ornementation hors ligne (optionnel) : 1 1. Offline Ornamentation (optional):
[0060] Il est possible d'imprimer des motifs décoratifs sur une portion choisie de la lame découpée, par exemple via un rouleau chauffant pressé contre la mousse préalablement réchauffée localement, ou par un système de presse avançant avec la lame, ou tout autre procédé connu de l'homme de l'art. Brève description des dessins It is possible to print decorative patterns on a selected portion of the cut blade, for example via a heating roller pressed against the foam previously reheated locally, or by a press system advancing with the blade, or any other method known to those skilled in the art. Brief description of the drawings
[0061 ] D'autres particularités et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée de quelques modes de réalisation avantageux présentés ci-dessous, à titre d'illustration, en se référant aux dessins annexés. Ceux-ci montrent: Other features and characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description of some advantageous embodiments presented below, by way of illustration, with reference to the accompanying drawings. These show:
Fig. 1 : est une coupe transversale d'une variante de lame selon l'invention ; Fig. 1: is a cross section of a blade variant according to the invention;
Fig. 2: est une coupe transversale à travers plusieurs lames de la Fig. 1 après assemblage ; Fig. 2: is a cross-section through several blades of FIG. 1 after assembly;
Fig. 3: est une coupe transversale d'une autre variante de lame selon l'invention ; Fig. 3: is a cross section of another blade variant according to the invention;
Fig. 4: est une coupe transversale à travers deux lames de la Fig. 3 après assemblage. Fig. 4: is a cross section through two blades of FIG. 3 after assembly.
Description d'exécutions préférées Description of preferred embodiments
[0062] La Fig. 1 montre une coupe transversale à travers une première variante de lame 1 selon l'invention. [0062] FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a first blade variant 1 according to the invention.
[0063] La lame 1 comprend un profilé de mousse 5 avec deux surfaces majeures 3 et 4 reliées par au moins une première et une deuxième arêtes 15 et 25. La première arête 15 comprend une languette 12, une rainure 13 et un évidement 14. La deuxième arête 25 comprend une languette 22, une rainure 23 et un évidement 24. Ces arêtes sont conçues de manière à être complémentaires l'une de l'autre sauf à l'endroit des évidements 14, 24. Ainsi, lorsque la languette 12 d'une première arête 15 peut s'enficher dans une rainure 23 d'une deuxième lame identique (non représentée à la Fig. 1 ), la rainure 13 de la première arête 15 peut recevoir la languette 22 de la deuxième lame. The blade 1 comprises a foam profile 5 with two major surfaces 3 and 4 connected by at least a first and a second edge 15 and 25. The first edge 15 comprises a tongue 12, a groove 13 and a recess 14. The second edge 25 comprises a tongue 22, a groove 23 and a recess 24. These edges are designed to be complementary to each other except at the location of the recesses 14, 24. Thus, when the tongue 12 a first edge 15 can be plugged into a groove 23 of a second identical blade (not shown in Figure 1), the groove 13 of the first edge 15 can receive the tongue 22 of the second blade.
[0064] Comme montré à la Fig. 2, lors de l'assemblage de plusieurs lames de la manière décrite, les deux évidements 14, 24 (de sections semi-circulaires) forment une cavité (de section circulaire). Une barre 10 est alors insérée dans chaque cavité afin de bloquer et fixer l'assemblage de plusieurs lames 1 . Les lames 1 1 aux extrémités de l'assemblage sont des lames dites de finition ou de terminaison. Dans le cas montré à la Fig. 2, le bord sans rainure et languette de cette lame, et donc de l'assemblage, est droit, mais il pourrait avoir toute autre forme, par exemple arrondie, etc. As shown in FIG. 2, when assembling several blades in the manner described, the two recesses 14, 24 (of semicircular sections) form a cavity (of circular section). A bar 10 is then inserted into each cavity in order to block and secure the assembly of several blades 1. The blades 1 1 at the ends of the assembly are so-called finishing or termination blades. In the case shown in FIG. 2, the edge without groove and tongue of this blade, and thus of the assembly, is straight, but it could have any other form, for example rounded, etc.
[0065] La Fig. 3 montre une variante de lame 1 semblable à celle de la Fig. 1 , sauf que la lame 1 de cette figure comprend en outre deux canaux longitudinaux (creux) 6. L'assemblage de (deux) lames 1 selon la Fig. 3 telle que montré à la Fig. 4 se fait de manière semblable à celui de la Fig. 2, mais l'assemblage peut être rigidifié davantage (si on le souhaite) par l'introduction d'une ou de plusieurs barres supplémentaires 7 dans les canaux 6, en fonction des besoins. Légende: [0065] FIG. 3 shows a blade variant 1 similar to that of FIG. 1, except that the blade 1 of this figure further comprises two longitudinal channels (hollow) 6. The assembly of (two) blades 1 according to FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. 4 is similar to that of FIG. 2, but the assembly can be further stiffened (if desired) by introducing one or more additional bars 7 into the channels 6, as needed. Legend:
N° Désignation Désignation alternative No. Description Alternative designation
I Lame  I Blade
12 Languette de la première arête  12 Tab of the first edge
13 Rainure de la première arête  13 Groove of the first edge
14 Evidement de la première arête  14 Of course the first edge
15 Première arête  15 First edge
22 Languette de la deuxième arête  22 tongue of the second edge
23 Rainure de la deuxième arête  23 Groove of the second edge
24 Evidement de la deuxième arête  24 Of course the second edge
25 Deuxième arête  25 Second edge
3 Première surface majeure  3 First major area
4 Deuxième surface majeure  4 Second major surface
5 Mousse  5 Foam
6 Canal longitudinal additionnel  6 Additional longitudinal canal
7 Barre de rigidification Barre de rigidification additionnelle 7 Rigidity bar Additional stiffening bar
10 Elément bloquant (inséré dans la Barre ou tige de blocage 10 Blocking element (inserted in the bar or locking rod
cavité formée par les évidements)  cavity formed by the recesses)
I I Lame de finition ou de terminaison  I I Finishing or finishing blade

Claims

Revendications claims
1 . Lame en mousse (1 ) connectable à une lame de même type par un système de languette et rainure, dans laquelle la lame (1 ) comprend deux surfaces opposées majeures (3, 4) et au moins quatre arêtes reliant ces surfaces, une première (15) et une deuxième (25) arêtes parallèles opposées présentent chacune une section formant un profil de type languette (12, 22) et un profil de type rainure (13, 23), chacune des première et deuxième arêtes (15, 25) présente un évidement (14, 24) sur toute la longueur de son profil de type languette (12, 22), l'ouverture de l'évidement (14, 24) étant orientée vers le plan médian entre la languette et la rainure respective, la forme de la première arête (15) étant complémentaire de la forme de la deuxième arête (25) sauf au niveau des évidements (14, 24) et la position de chacun des évidements (14, 24) étant telle que ces évidements sont adaptés à former ensemble une cavité lors de la connexion de deux lames de même type. 1. Foam blade (1) connectable to a blade of the same type by a tongue and groove system, wherein the blade (1) comprises two major opposite surfaces (3, 4) and at least four edges connecting these surfaces, a first ( 15) and a second (25) opposite parallel edge each have a tongue-like profile section (12, 22) and a groove-like profile (13, 23), each of the first and second edges (15, 25) presents a recess (14, 24) along the entire length of its tongue-like profile (12, 22), the opening of the recess (14, 24) being oriented towards the median plane between the tongue and the respective groove, the shape of the first edge (15) being complementary to the shape of the second edge (25) except at the recesses (14, 24) and the position of each of the recesses (14, 24) being such that these recesses are adapted to together form a cavity when connecting two blades of the same type.
2. Lame selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle la mousse comprend un ou plusieurs constituants choisis parmi le polyéthylène haute densité (HDPE), le poly(chlorure de vinyle) (PVC), le polypropylène (PP), l'acrylonitrile butadiène styrène (ABS), le polystyrène (PS), le poly(acide lactique) (PLA), des mélanges de polystyrène homopolymère (cristal) ou de polystyrène choc (HIPS) avec du polyphénylène oxyde (PPO), de préférence le polystyrène. 2. Blade according to claim 1, wherein the foam comprises one or more constituents selected from high density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ( ABS), polystyrene (PS), poly (lactic acid) (PLA), mixtures of polystyrene homopolymer (crystal) or polystyrene impact (HIPS) with polyphenylene oxide (PPO), preferably polystyrene.
3. Lame selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la mousse présente une densité entre 40 et 750 kg/m3. 3. Blade according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the foam has a density between 40 and 750 kg / m 3 .
4. Lame selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant une couche extérieure non-moussée à base de polyméthacrylate de méthyle, de préférence cette couche extérieure est une couche co-extrudée. 4. Blade according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a non-foamed outer layer based on polymethyl methacrylate, preferably this outer layer is a coextruded layer.
Lame selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle l'évidement (14, 24) présente une section semi-circulaire, rectangulaire ou polygonale. Blade according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the recess (14, 24) has a semicircular, rectangular or polygonal section.
Lame selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle la première arête (15) correspond à la deuxième arête (25) par une symétrie de rotation autour d'un axe central de la lame et parallèle auxdites première et deuxième arêtes (15, 25). Blade according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first edge (15) corresponds to the second edge (25) by a symmetry of rotation about a central axis of the blade and parallel to said first and second edges ( 15, 25).
Lame selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comprenant en outre un ou plusieurs canaux longitudinaux (6) parallèles auxdites première et deuxième arêtes (15, 25). Blade according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising one or more longitudinal channels (6) parallel to said first and second edges (15, 25).
Utilisation d'une lame selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes pour des applications extérieures, telles que les volets, les brises-vues, les clôtures, les revêtements de façade, les parements et la menuiserie extérieure. Use of a blade according to any one of the preceding claims for exterior applications, such as shutters, sunblinds, fences, facings, siding and exterior joinery.
Procédé d'assemblage d'au moins deux lames selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant: A method of assembling at least two blades according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
a) le placement côte à côte d'une première arête (15) d'une première lame à profil de type languette et à profil de type rainure avec une deuxième arête (25) d'une deuxième lame, a) side-by-side positioning of a first edge (15) of a first tongue-like and groove-like profile blade with a second edge (25) of a second blade,
b) la connexion de la première et de la deuxième lame par enfichage des profils de type languette dans les profils de type rainure de chacune de deux lames de telle manière que l'évidement (14) de la première arête de la première lame et l'évidement (24) de la deuxième arête de la deuxième lame forment ensemble une cavité, b) connecting the first and second blades by inserting the tongue-like profiles into the groove-like profiles of each of two blades such that the recess (14) of the first edge of the first blade and the recess (24) of the second edge of the second blade together form a cavity,
c) l'introduction par au moins une arête perpendiculaire auxdites première et deuxième arêtes d'un élément bloquant (10) dans ladite cavité, la section de l'élément bloquant (10) correspondant essentiellement à celle de ladite cavité et c) introducing at least one edge perpendicular to said first and second edges of a blocking element (10) into said cavity, the section of the blocking element (10) substantially corresponding to that of said cavity and
d) la réitération éventuelle des étapes a) à c) en fonction du nombre de lames à connecter. d) the possible reiteration of steps a) to c) according to the number of blades to be connected.
10. Procédé d'assemblage selon la revendication 9 de lames selon la revendication 7, comprenant en outre l'étape d'introduction d'une barre de rigidification (7) dans le ou les canaux longitudinaux (6) parallèles auxdites première et deuxième arêtes. 10. An assembly method according to claim 9 blades according to claim 7, further comprising the step of introducing a stiffening bar (7) in the longitudinal channel (s) (6) parallel to said first and second edges .
1 1 . Kit d'assemblage comprenant n lames de mousse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 et n-1 éléments bloquants (10) destinés à être introduits dans la cavité formée par deux évidements (14, 24) de lames adjacentes, n étant un nombre entier > 2. 1 1. Assembly kit comprising n foam blades according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and n-1 blocking elements (10) to be introduced into the cavity formed by two recesses (14, 24) of adjacent blades, n being an integer> 2.
12. Procédé de fabrication d'une lame selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant les étapes de 12. A method of manufacturing a blade according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of
a) dosage des constituants polymères de la mousse et optionnellement d'autres additifs et adjuvants,  a) dosage of the polymeric components of the foam and optionally other additives and adjuvants,
b) plastification des constituants dans une extrudeuse afin d'obtenir un mélange homogène,  b) plastification of the constituents in an extruder in order to obtain a homogeneous mixture,
c) introduction d'un ou de plusieurs agents moussants,  c) introduction of one or more foaming agents,
d) malaxage et mise sous pression du mélange résultant, e) optionnellement, refroidissement progressif dudit mélange, f) extrusion du mélange et passage du mélange dans un outil de mise en forme afin de former une lame comprenant une première et une deuxième arêtes parallèles opposées présentent chacune une section formant un profil de type languette et un profil de type rainure, chacune des première et deuxième arêtes présente un évidement sur toute la longueur de son profil de type languette, g) passage de la lame ainsi formée à travers un système de calibrage optionnellement contrôlé en température, h) tirage de la lame calibrée.  d) kneading and pressurizing the resulting mixture, e) optionally, progressively cooling said mixture, f) extruding the mixture and passing the mixture through a forming tool to form a blade having a first and a second opposite parallel edges each having a section forming a tongue-like profile and a groove-like profile, each of the first and second edges has a recess along the entire length of its tongue-like profile, g) the passage of the blade thus formed through a system of calibration optionally controlled in temperature, h) pulling of the calibrated blade.
13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, comprenant en outre l'étape de co- extrusion d'une couche de finition et/ou de protection pendant ou après l'étape f). The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of coextruding a topcoat and / or protective layer during or after step f).
EP12775723.5A 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Foam blade having connection means Active EP2771521B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12775723T PL2771521T3 (en) 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Foam blade having connection means

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2011/0632A BE1020286A5 (en) 2011-10-27 2011-10-27 FOAM BLADE FOR MULTI-BLADE ASSEMBLIES.
PCT/EP2012/071301 WO2013060871A1 (en) 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Foam blade having connection means

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2771521A1 true EP2771521A1 (en) 2014-09-03
EP2771521B1 EP2771521B1 (en) 2015-11-18

Family

ID=47071311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12775723.5A Active EP2771521B1 (en) 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Foam blade having connection means

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2771521B1 (en)
BE (1) BE1020286A5 (en)
BR (1) BR112014009913A2 (en)
CL (1) CL2014001069A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2562902T3 (en)
MX (1) MX2014005073A (en)
PL (1) PL2771521T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2014121156A (en)
WO (1) WO2013060871A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201403016B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3042801A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-28 Bepos Concept CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, CORRESPONDING CONSTRUCTION KIT AND METHOD
CN105735832A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-07-06 藤县正钻门业有限公司 Assembly type door pattern section
WO2023059174A1 (en) 2021-10-08 2023-04-13 Clt Factory, Sia A joint for wall panels made of cross laminated timber

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1569757A (en) * 1967-03-16 1969-06-06
EP0196672A3 (en) * 1985-04-03 1987-05-13 Herbert Heinemann Panels to cover the exterior walls of buildings
FR2840949B1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2004-07-23 Jean Paul Brunet INVISIBLE DEVICE FOR PREVENTING THE DEFORMATION OF BUILDING CLOSURES MADE OF FULL EXTRUDED POLYSTYRENE
FR2938588B1 (en) * 2008-11-20 2012-09-28 Mcc Extrusion DEVICE FOR RIGIDIFYING A RECTILINE EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE ELEMENT
FR2944552B1 (en) * 2009-04-21 2012-08-03 Mcc Extrusion DEVICE FOR RIGIDIFYING A RECTILINE EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE ELEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VENTS

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2013060871A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA201403016B (en) 2015-06-24
BR112014009913A2 (en) 2017-04-25
BE1020286A5 (en) 2013-07-02
PL2771521T3 (en) 2016-04-29
CL2014001069A1 (en) 2014-08-29
ES2562902T3 (en) 2016-03-09
EP2771521B1 (en) 2015-11-18
RU2014121156A (en) 2015-12-10
WO2013060871A1 (en) 2013-05-02
MX2014005073A (en) 2014-08-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Pritchard Two technologies merge: wood plastic composites
EP1242220B1 (en) Method for forming composite material and composite material therefrom
EP2771521B1 (en) Foam blade having connection means
EP1931842B1 (en) Set of profiles
WO2007075693A3 (en) Coextruded reinforced plastic composite articles and methods for making such articles
EP3445578B1 (en) Multilayer panel
FR2886203A1 (en) DIE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PLANAR STRUCTURES OF LARGE WIDTH BASED ON PLASTIC MATERIAL
FR3095156A1 (en) low density polyester foam core composite profiles
EP2647479B1 (en) Method for injection moulding of a foam plastic material
CA2788049C (en) Method for making foamed synthetic boards
EP1628818B1 (en) Method for continuous production of solid, hollow or open profiles
EP3647527A2 (en) Hollow chamber profile, in particular for the facade, window and / or door structure and for components in the area of the sun protection, and method for producing a hollow chamber profile, and device for carrying out said method
US20050285293A1 (en) Synthetic textured thatch elements for building construction and methods of making the same
FR2754838A1 (en) Hollow twin-wall plastic extrusion, e.g. for partitions or ceilings
CH678708A5 (en)
GB2313088A (en) Extruded plastics composite
FR2889819A1 (en) Alveolar structure fabrication method for e.g. door, involves subjecting sides of blades to action of gas and depression and vice-versa to deform blades and their soldering with formation of structure which is subjected to action of air jet
AU2014228146B2 (en) Building product and method of manufacture and use
FR2878874A1 (en) INSULATING ANGLE PANEL
AU2008301217C1 (en) Co-extrusion and method of making a co-extrusion
FR3098832A1 (en) Flexible and elongated band for the formation of at least one profile
JP2003305705A (en) Hollow resin molded sheet and method for manufacturing hollow resin molded sheet
FR3051139A1 (en) PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE WORKPIECE FROM A WOODEN MATERIAL AND A THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL
BE600256A (en)
BE827562A (en) SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS IN PLATES, PANELS OR PROFILES SPECIFICALLY INTENDED FOR CONSTRUCTION AND FURNISHING

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20140508

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 602012012453

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: E04C0002200000

Ipc: E06B0003480000

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: E04F 13/18 20060101ALI20150515BHEP

Ipc: E04C 2/20 20060101ALI20150515BHEP

Ipc: E04H 17/14 20060101ALI20150515BHEP

Ipc: E04C 2/40 20060101ALI20150515BHEP

Ipc: E06B 9/02 20060101ALI20150515BHEP

Ipc: E04F 13/08 20060101ALI20150515BHEP

Ipc: E06B 3/48 20060101AFI20150515BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20150615

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 761674

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20151215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602012012453

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2562902

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20160309

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 761674

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20151118

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160218

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160318

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160219

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160318

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: T3

Ref document number: E 20498

Country of ref document: SK

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602012012453

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 5

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20160819

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20161031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20161031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20161026

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20161026

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20121026

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20151118

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20210927

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Payment date: 20211013

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20211013

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SK

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Ref document number: E 20498

Country of ref document: SK

Effective date: 20221026

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20221026

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221026

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221026

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221026

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231018

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230918

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20230927

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231117

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20231005

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230918

Year of fee payment: 12