Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
  • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
  • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
  • F28F2225/02—Reinforcing means for casings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
  • F28F2265/14—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing damage by freezing, e.g. for accommodating volume expansion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
  • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a stacked plate heat exchanger.
• the invention applies to any type of heat exchanger, especially for a motor vehicle, such as for example exchangers intended to be mounted in the engine compartment of the vehicle such as charge air coolers (RAS) or exchangers recirculation of the engine exhaust gas, also called EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers or EGRC).
• RAS charge air coolers
• EGR exhaust Gas Recirculation Coolers
• heat exchangers comprising a heat exchange bundle having a series of plates stacked parallel to one another above.
• the plate stack forms heat exchange surfaces, between which a fluid to be cooled and a cooling fluid circulate, in alternating layers, in fluid passage circuits, interleaves that can be provided to improve the exchange of heat. heat between the fluid to be cooled and the cooling fluid.
• the stack of the plates is thus configured to define two different circuits: that of the fluid to be cooled and that of the cooling fluid.
• the plates are provided with punctured stamped pockets allowing a circulation of the cooling fluid perpendicularly to the plane of the plate for the passage of said coolant from one coolant circulation layer to the other without communicating with the fluid circulation layer to be cooled located between the two.
• the invention aims to improve the situation. It proposes for this purpose a stacked plate heat exchanger, comprising a housing inside which there is a plurality of stacked plates intended to allow a heat exchange between a first and a second fluid flowing in contact with said plates, said plates comprising an area designed to undergo thermal variations that can create mechanical stresses, called the stress zone.
• said exchanger comprises a reinforcement in contact with said stress zone and the housing.
• the reinforcement makes it possible to stiffen the stress zone, thereby limiting the risk of breakage that may occur there.
• the plates are arranged in pairs, each pair of plates defining a flow layer of the first fluid, each plate comprising a zone, called the stamped zone, provided with stamped pockets for the passage of the first fluid of a circulation layer of the first fluid to another layer, said stress zone corresponding to said stamped zone.
• the reinforcement then makes it possible to reinforce the zone of the plates where the pockets are located stamped.
• the pockets are, for example, punctured perpendicular to the planes in which the plates extend.
• said exchanger comprises a heat exchange zone intended to promote heat exchange between the first and second fluid, and a bypass zone capable of allowing the second fluid to bypass the zone.
• heat exchange said bypass zone corresponding to said stress zone, said reinforcement leaving free circulation of the second fluid over the entire exchange zone.
• the reinforcement only covers the stress zone, that is to say the bypass zone or the embossed zone, without exceeding in the heat exchange zone in order to reinforce the stress zone without disturbing the inlet second fluid in the exchange zone.
• the plates comprise, at the level of the stress zone, a folded edge extending in a plane perpendicular to a plane in which the plates extend so that the contact between the reinforcement and the stresses is done at least through the folded edge. The folded edges thus allow the contact between the reinforcement and the plates to be plane to plane. They improve the mechanical maintenance of the reinforcement on the plates made, in particular, by brazing.
• said housing comprises two side walls coming opposite a peripheral edge of the plates, a bottom wall and / or an upper wall, located at the top and at the base of the plurality of plates.
• the housing may comprise, for example, four so-called upper, right, lower and left walls, said walls being interconnected so as to form an internal volume within which the plurality of plates is located.
• the reinforcement is in contact with one of the side walls of the housing, located near the stress zone. It is, in particular, the wall left of the case which is located near the stress zone.
• proximity here means a distance of between 0 and 30 mm.
• the reinforcement is in contact with the upper wall and / or the lower wall.
• the reinforcement may also be in contact with the left wall, the upper wall and the bottom wall of the housing so as to increase the solidification it provides to the stress zone.
• the reinforcement is continuous from an upper edge to a lower edge of said reinforcement so that it is in contact with all said plates.
• the upper wall of the housing comprises a first housing receiving said reinforcement.
• the upper wall of the housing receives in particular the upper edge of the reinforcement.
• the side wall of the housing in contact with said reinforcement comprises a second housing receiving said reinforcement.
• the first housing and / or the second housing can preposition the reinforcement on the housing before joining it to the latter, for example, by brazing.
• an upper and / or lower end of the reinforcement comprises a first flange, extending in a plane parallel to the plane in which the upper and lower walls of the casing extend, so that the contact between the reinforcement and the upper wall and / or between the reinforcement and the lower wall is plane to plane.
• a lateral end of the reinforcement comprises a second flange, extending in a plane parallel to the plane in which the lateral wall of the housing in contact with said reinforcement extends so that the contact between the reinforcement and the wall of the housing contact with said reinforcement is plan on plan.
• the first and / or second wings make it possible to improve the mechanical retention of the reinforcement on the housing by means of the wall of the housing in contact with said reinforcement, its upper wall and / or its lower wall by increasing the surface area. intended to be brazed between the reinforcement and the housing.
• a vertex of the reinforcement comprises a protuberance conforming to an upper part of the side wall of the housing in contact with said reinforcement.
• the reinforcement comprises at least one clip stapling on the housing.
• the staples staple for example, on the left wall, the top wall and / or the bottom wall. They thus facilitate the prepositioning of the reinforcement on the housing while improving the mechanical support of the reinforcement on the housing.
• the reinforcement is a separate part of the housing.
• the reinforcement is a piece integral with the housing.
• the reinforcement is, for example, integral with the left wall, the top wall and / or the bottom wall of the housing.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an exploded heat exchanger according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a side portion of the housing and associated plates
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lower or upper portion of the housing and associated plates, the reinforcement is not shown;
• - Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing an alternative embodiment;
• FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a lateral edge of the exchanger
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of a lateral edge of the exchanger illustrating a variant of FIG.
• the invention relates to a heat exchanger 1 enabling a heat exchange between a first fluid, in particular a coolant C and a second fluid that will be called a fluid to be cooled G, for example a gas .
• a first fluid in particular a coolant C
• a second fluid that will be called a fluid to be cooled G, for example a gas .
• It may be a charge air cooler in which a flow of compressed air for supplying a heat engine, for example a motor vehicle engine, is cooled by a cooling liquid, in particular a mixture of water and glycol.
• the exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle 2 comprising a stack of plates 4 intended to allow a heat exchange between the cooling liquid C and the fluid to be cooled G flowing in contact with the plates 4.
• the plates 4 determine between alternating circuits 6, 8 for the fluid to be cooled G and for the coolant C.
• the bundle 2 is here of generally parallelepipedal shape and has an inlet face 10 and an opposite, non-visible, outlet face of the fluid to cool G. It is completed on both sides of the stack of a plate, said upper, 12 and a plate, said lower, 14.
• the exchanger 1 comprises a housing 5 in which the beam 2 is located. It guides the fluid to be cooled G between the plates 4 of the inlet face 10 to the exit face of the bundle 2. It here comprises four so-called upper 23, right 19, lower 22 and left 18 walls, interconnected to form an internal volume within which is the plurality of plates 4.
• the left wall 18 comes into contact with a first peripheral edge 16, plates 4, 12, 14, the right wall 19 comes into contact with a second peripheral edge 16 ', plates 4, 12, 14, the upper wall 23, located at the top of the stack of plates, comes into contact of the upper plate 12 and the lower wall 22, situated at the base of the stack of plates, comes into contact with the lower plate 14.
• the upper wall 23 may be provided with orifices 24, 26 allowing passage, as input and at the outlet, coolant C in the bundle 2.
• the exchanger 1 may also comprise nozzles 28, 30 for the outlet and / or inlet of the cooling liquid C communicating with orifices 24, 26 provided in the casing 5.
• the various components of the exchanger are, for example, aluminum or aluminum alloy. They are, in particular, soldered to each other.
• Each plate 4, 12, 14 comprises, for example, a bottom 31, substantially plane, surrounded by a peripheral edge 32 terminated by a flat portion 34, for brazing the plates together.
• the coolant circuit 8 C is defined, on the one hand, by the peripheral edge 32 and, on the other hand, by one or more edges 60, 60 ', for example derived from material of the bottom 31 of the plate.
• the plates 4, 12, 14 are grouped in pairs and assembled by their flats 34 and / or the edges 60, 60 '. In this way, the circuit of the upper plate and the lower plate of a pair of plates are added to form a coolant flow channel C. Each pair of plates thus defines a flow layer of the first fluid C
• the circuits 6 for the circulation of the fluid to be cooled are provided between two plates 4 vis-à-vis two pairs of adjacent plates 4.
• top 12 and bottom 14 plates are assembled with the top 23 and bottom 22 walls of the housing to define a coolant flow channel C.
• the plates 4 have, for example, the general shape of an elongated rectangle having two long sides and two short sides, each plate having two stamped pockets 38, a first of the pockets having an inlet 40 of the circuit 8 and the other of the pockets having an outlet 42 of the circuit 8 for circulating coolant C.
• the pockets 38 are here pierced with a passage 50 for passage of the coolant oriented perpendicular to the bottom 31 of the plates and are intended to come into contact with the pockets 38 of an adjacent plate 4 to form an inlet manifold, not visible, and an outlet manifold 44, not visible, for the cooling fluid.
• the pockets 38 thus allow the first fluid to pass from one layer to another, that is to say from one pair of plates to another.
• the inlet manifold opens, for example, into the inlet pipe 28 through the inlet orifice 24 of the housing and / or the outlet manifold opens, for example, into the outlet pipe 30 through the output 26 of the housing 5.
• the cooling fluid enters the beam 2 through the inlet pipe 28 and is distributed between the plates 4 in the circuits 8 for circulating coolant C by the inlet manifold. It flows into the coolant circulation circuits C from their inlets 40 to their outlets 42 where it enters the outlet manifold 44. It then exits the exchanger 1 through the outlet pipe 30 .
• the pockets 38 are located along the same small side of the plates 4, 12, 14 located on the left in Figure 1, that is to say near the first peripheral edge 16 of the plates 4, 12, 14.
• the pockets 38 of two pairs of plates 4 determine between them the height of the circulation circuits 6 for the fluid to be cooled G.
• the exchanger 1 then comprises a heat exchange zone facilitating the exchange of heat between the coolant C and the coolant G which extends between the pockets 38 and the second peripheral edge 16 'of the plates 4.
• the zone where the pockets 38 are located that is to say the zone near the first peripheral edge of the plates, called the stamped zone, is an area likely to allow the second fluid to bypass the heat exchange zone.
• An inlet manifold and an outlet manifold may be adapted to the periphery of the housing to bring and evacuate the fluid to be cooled.
• the exchanger may also include secondary exchange surfaces, for example, corrugated disruptors (referenced 55 in Figure 5) reported between the plates 4 in the circulation circuits 6 of the fluid to be cooled G. These disrupters can disrupt the flow of the fluid to be cooled G so as to improve the heat exchange between the two fluids.
• Each plate 4, 12, 14 for example comprises corrugations 52 arranged in the circuits 8 for circulating coolant C. These corrugations 52 extend between the pockets 38 constituting the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold 44 of the liquid C and the second peripheral edge 16 'of the plates 4, 12, 14.
• the corrugations 52 are, for example, derived from the bottom material 31 of the plates 4, 12, 14, in particular by stamping the plates 4, 12, 14 .
• the coolant circulation circuit 8 defined by the plates 4, 12, 14 makes it possible to guide the cooling liquid in a number n of successive passes, here four, in which the liquid flows between the inlet 40 and the outlet 42 of said circuit. Two adjacent passes are separated, for example, by the borders 60, 60 'of the plates 4, 12, 14.
• the passes are arranged parallel to each other in a direction of extension, here the large side of the plates 4, 12, 14. They may be provided in series one after the other.
• edges 60, 60 ' are thus oriented along the long side of the plates 4 to define a coil circulation of the coolant C in each of the passes of each of the circulation circuits 8 of the coolant flow C.
• Some 60 of the edges s' extend from the first peripheral edge 16 of the plates 4, 12, 14 to the second peripheral edge 16 'of the plates 4, 12, 14 while leaving a passage for fluid to flow from the pass from one side of the border 60 to the other pass. They alternate with edges 60 'extending from the second peripheral edge 16' of the plates 4, 12, 14 towards the first peripheral edge 16 of the plates 4, 12, 14 while leaving a passage for the fluid to flow. of the pass lying on one side of the border 60 'to the other.
• the circulation of the fluid to be cooled G in the circulation circuits 6 of the fluid to be cooled is effected in a direction generally perpendicular to that of the flow of the cooling liquid C, that is to say of the front face of the beam 2 to its back side.
• the zone of the exchanger where the pockets 38 are located is liable to be subjected to large thermal variations since the temperature of the coolant entering or leaving can vary considerably and in a reduced time depending on the use desired heat exchanger. These sudden thermal variations are likely to create stresses greater than the stresses experienced by the rest of the exchanger.
• This stamped zone of the exchanger where the pockets 38 are located and subjected to high stresses is also called the stress zone 70.
• the stress zone 70 is thus located near the first peripheral edge 16 of the plates 4, 12, 14, and that is to say at a distance of between 0 and 30 mm.
• the exchanger comprises a reinforcement 71 in contact with the stress zone 70 and the housing 5.
• the reinforcement 71 here takes the form of a wall which extends in a plane perpendicular to the planes in which extend the left wall 18 and the upper wall 23 of the housing 5.
• the reinforcement 71 is, for example, in contact with the entire stress zone 70. It is in contact with the housing 5, in particular, through the left wall 18 and the upper wall 23 and / or the lower wall 22.
• the reinforcement 71 is here a separate piece of the housing 5 but it could also be integral with the housing 5, for example, with the left wall 18, with the lower wall 22 and / or with the upper wall 23.
• the reinforcement 71 of the invention is illustrated in more detail in FIG. 2.
• the reinforcement 71 here takes the form of an L-shaped wall. Indeed, a left-hand lateral end 61 of the reinforcement 71 comprises a wing 72 s extending in a plane parallel to the plane in which the left wall 18 of the casing 5 extends. In this way, the contact between the reinforcement 71 and the left wall 18 of the casing 5 is a plane-to-plane contact which facilitates, in particular, brazing between the reinforcement 71 and the housing 5.
• FIG. 3 illustrates another aspect of the invention according to which the plates 4, 12, 14 comprise folded edges 75 at the level of the stress zone 70.
• the folded edges 75 take birth near the first peripheral edge 16 plates 4, 12, 14 at a lateral end 65 of the plates 4, 12, 14 located on the side of the inlet face of the fluid to be cooled. They extend parallel to the stamped pockets 38 that is to say in a plane perpendicular to the plane in which the bottom of the plates 4, 12, 14 extends, that is to say a plane parallel to the plane in which extends the reinforcement.
• the folded edges 75 take birth especially at the flats 34 peripheral edges of the plates 4, 12, 41. In this way the contact between the reinforcement and the stress zone 70 is at least via the folded edges 75.
• the upper wall 23 of the housing 5 comprises, for example, a first housing 76 receiving the upper end of the reinforcement.
• This first housing 76 takes the form of a groove extending from one end of the upper wall 23 in contact with the left wall, directed towards the bundle and extending above the stress zone 70.
• This first housing 76 allows pre position the reinforcement on the housing 5 and maintain it in a correct position to perform the brazing operation.
• An identical housing may also be provided on the left wall (said second housing), and / or on the bottom wall and perform the same function as the first housing 76, namely to allow prepositioning the reinforcement on the housing 5 and maintain it in a correct position to perform the brazing operation.
• FIG. 4 shows the reinforcement 71 in an embodiment where it comprises an outgrowth 80 situated at the upper end 62 of the reinforcement 71 and protruding with respect to the left-hand lateral end 61 of the reinforcement 71 in contact with the left wall 18 of the housing 5.
• the protrusion 80 here marries an upper portion 81 of the left wall 18 of the housing 5.
• the protrusion 80 has a curved portion conforming to the upper portion 81 of the left wall 18 also curved. This protrusion 80 allows, in particular, to limit the entry of the fluid to be cooled in the bypass zone, that is to say the stress zone of the exchanger.
• FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the reinforcement 71 is continuous from an upper edge to a lower edge of the reinforcement, that is to say from the upper wall 23 to the bottom wall 22 of the housing 5.
• the reinforcement 71 is thus in contact with all the plates 4, 12, 14. It then makes it possible to reinforce the entire stress zone of the exchanger 1. It can also be noted in this figure that the reinforcement 71 leaves free circulation of the fluid to be cooled over the entire heat exchange zone.
• the reinforcement 71 is thus in contact at its left-hand lateral end with the left wall 18 of the housing 5 and continues inwardly of the bundle 2, its right-hand lateral end 63 stopping at the boundary between the bypass zone and the heat exchange zone, without exceeding in the heat exchange zone that is to say at the limit between the stress zone and the rest of the exchanger.
• the reinforcement 71 may also comprise, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, staples 85.
• These staples 85 are, for example, located at the left-hand lateral end 61 of the reinforcement 71 (FIG. 5) so as to staple. on the left wall of the housing 5. They are, in particular, located on the upper end of the reinforcement 71 (FIG. 6) so as to be stuck on the upper wall 23 of the housing 5.
• the staples 85 are stuck on the left wall 18, on the bottom wall 22 and / or on the upper wall 23 of the housing 5 at the notches 86 present on the housing.
• the staples 85 thus penetrate the notches 86 and have a folded portion 87 in contact with a face of the left wall 18 opposite the face of the left wall 18 with which the reinforcement 71 is in contact so as to pinch the left wall 18 .
• These staples 85 serve to maintain the mechanical strength of the reinforcement 71 on the housing 5 in particular to optimize the soldering process between these two elements.

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• 2011
  • 2011-10-04 FR FR1158948A patent/FR2980837B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2012
  • 2012-10-02 KR KR1020147011765A patent/KR20140088122A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-10-02 US US14/349,502 patent/US20140246185A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-10-02 WO PCT/EP2012/069502 patent/WO2013050394A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2012-10-02 CN CN201280059670.XA patent/CN103988041A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-10-02 EP EP12769093.1A patent/EP2764313A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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