EP2761132A2

EP2761132A2 - Method and device for supplying at least one electrical consumer of a drill pipe with an operating voltage

Info

Publication number: EP2761132A2
Application number: EP12783075.0A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Anton Scheibelmasser; Bouchra Lamik-Thonhauser; Franz Michael FASCH; Johann JUD
Original assignee: Advanced Drilling Solutions GmbH
Current assignee: THINK AND VISION GMBH
Priority date: 2011-09-26
Filing date: 2012-09-26
Publication date: 2014-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-26
Also published as: EP2761132B1; AU2012315460A1; WO2013044279A3; AU2012315460B2; NO2761132T3; AT511991B1; CA2849928C; US9840906B2; PL2761132T3; BR112014006672A2; CA2849928A1; US20140224481A1; WO2013044279A2; BR112014006672B1; AT511991A1

Abstract

In a method and device for supplying at least one electrical consumer (10) of a drill pipe with an operating voltage, at least one electrical component (10, 11, 15) on pipe rods (6) of the drill pipe is tested for defects with a test voltage that is smaller than the operating voltage before the operating voltage is applied, and the operating voltage can only be applied when no defects are present.

Description

Method and device for supplying at least one electrical load of a drill string

with an operating voltage

The invention relates to a method and a device for supplying at least one electrical load of a drill pipe with an operating voltage.

An essential element in modern petroleum, natural gas or

Geothermal wells is the data collection during the

Drilling. Only by recording the respective relevant parameters can a well be operated safely, efficiently and economically. A problem arises however with the

Real-time data transmission of measured data to the surface of the

Drilling rig. From several kilometers deep, the data should be transmitted at a high data rate.

The drill pipes are bolted at regular intervals (e.g., 9 meters). In this way, one more arises

Kilometer long drill pipe, at the end of which

Drill bit is located. Inside the pipes is the mud, which performs many functions during the drilling process. If simple steel pipes without cabling are used on drilling rigs, one of these functions is the transmission of data by means of pressure pulses. This one

Communication is very slow (e.g., 10 baud), methods were increasingly sought that use other transmission mechanisms (sonar, ground currents, etc.).

The most efficient solutions have been found, which are connected to a wiring of the drill string (power cables, light guides, etc.). Once the drill string is connected by means of electrical cables or conductive layers, a

High-speed data transmission possible. An electrically wired drill pipe offers a high bandwidth for data on the one hand, but also the possibility of one on the other hand

Energy supply for underground consumers, eg underground Measuring equipment. Since the drill string is screwed every 9 m in this case, a secure and reliable transmission must be made possible on the linkage connectors, for example with a device for connecting electrical lines in

Drill ears according to AT 508 272 A can be done.

In order to be able to control the connection of electrical energy automatically and safely (device safety, personal safety, explosion safety, multi-fault safety), a system is required which only switches on the energy for supplying the underground consumers if there is a connection between the drill pipes and an underground consumer exists and there is no danger to the derrick personnel.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes a

Method of the aforementioned type, that before applying the operating voltage at least one electrical component to drill pipes of the drill string with a test voltage that is smaller than the operating voltage is checked for errors and the operating voltage can only be applied if no error is present.

To solve this problem, the invention further proposes a device of the type mentioned, the

is characterized by a circuit with the alternatively a test circuit or an operating circuit to at least one electrical component can be applied to drill pipes of the drill string.

In the invention, it is preferred if the test voltage is a low voltage, the operating voltage then

For example, low voltage can be. Low voltage is usually understood to mean a rated voltage between 50 and 1000 V for alternating current (AC) and between 75 and 1500 V for direct current (DC). With low voltage in electrical engineering usually AC voltages up to 50 volts RMS and DC voltages (DC) are referred to 120 volts. As part of the However, these values can also be exceeded or fallen below the permissible or possible range.

Since low voltage when touching for adult people is considered not life-threatening and also the emergence of a spark is not possible, according to the invention first a

Error check be performed. The circuit of the device is designed so that the operating voltage only with positive error testing of a drill pipe or the

Drill pipe can be created.

Safe in this context means that the personal protection, the device protection, the Ex protection for Zone 1 and the

necessary recognition of exception and error situations

are guaranteed. Personal protection means protection from the

Contact with live parts, protection against

direct / indirect touching, e.g. Electrical separation,

Insulation monitoring etc.

Device protection means protection against impermissibly high currents (eg fuse), protection of the insulation against unacceptably high currents

Temperatures or mechanical destruction, etc.

Explosion-proof means: depending on the Ex-zone, measures are taken that indicate the emergence of a spark or the spread of a spark

Prevent explosion.

Furthermore, the desire may exist, the bolted

Automatically identify drill string components in the context of the drilling process. The idea of automated detection of unclodged drill pipe components has already started

Drill rigs implemented (RFID, code reader). This one

Data collection but not in the context of an automated

Bolting process is performed, it provides only conditionally valid results. For example, identification tags on the outside of drill pipes are repeatedly due to changing drill block movements Read and pretend multiple built-in drill pipes.

Furthermore, the RFID transponders or optical marks on the outside of the drill pipe may become unreadable in the course of the drilling process, for example because they are polluted or destroyed.

Here, the invention provides in a preferred development, the possibility that under application of the test voltage a

Identification of a drill pipe is read or that a drill pipe is checked by detecting a resistance value and / or identified.

Wireless identification is also possible.

It is also possible by the invention, for example, by the electrical connection in each drill pipe in addition to wireless systems, a wired, reliable

To carry out identification. The wireless identification can thus be carried out only in the area of the drill pipe storage, but is no longer necessary during the drilling or drilling operation on the derrick.

Usually for a drilling process drill pipes from the turret ("top drive") recorded on the swivel ("Pipe") with one end ("Pipe Box") screwed, raised and with the other end ("Pipe Pin") the Previous drill pipe of the

Bohrgestänges, which is wedged on the drilling table, fed and screwed with this. This process is repeated after drilling a rod length again, starting with the unscrewing of the drill pipe fixed to the drilling table from the turret.

If it is a wired drill pipe, so can

According to the invention parallel to this process a measuring and

Control system to monitor this process and the right one

Timing Take measurements and tests. By the

The system according to the invention neither obstructs nor interferes with the normal drilling process. The aim of these measurements is to automated to enable safe connection or disconnection of the power supply. In the context of this process, the screwed-in components can be identified (UU-ID, status, error-free) and the operating status of the system can be signaled.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are

Subject of the remaining dependent claims.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred

Embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a drill string according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows a diagram with voltage curves in response to a drill string according to the invention

Test signal.

A preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in FIG. 1 roughly schematically, an external measuring and

Control unit 1, which via a line 2 with a

electric pivot ("swivel") 3 is connected to a fixed part 4 and a rotating part 5 of a conventional derrick. Since the derrick apart from the components according to the invention described below can be constructed as usual, it is not shown in the drawings and will not be described in detail.

A drill string consists of a plurality of drill pipes 6 which are connected to one another, usually screwed, to connectors 7, 8. At the bottom of the drill pipe 6 is a

Drill head 9 with at least one electrical load 10, e.g. an electronic underground measuring unit arranged. For electrical supply to the consumer, the drill pipes 6 are provided with electrical conductors 11 which are connected to the

Connectors 7, 8 when screwed together electrically

get connected. This mechanical and electrical connection can be carried out, for example, as described in AT 508 272 A.

The control unit 1 has two separate, mutually

locked circuits for supplying the drill pipe, an energy-limited (optionally intrinsically safe) test circuit with a lower test voltage and a higher-energy,

safety-isolated, insulation-monitored operating circuit with higher operating voltage. These two locked circuits are switched to the common cable 2, which establishes an electrical connection with the turret 3.

The process-oriented connection / disconnection of these two locked circuits is carried out via the controller 1, which records the drilling process based on sensors, measures necessary test criteria and controls or monitors a process that complies with the drilling process. In particular, there are preferably sensors for a

Test current or test voltage measurement as well as a time measurement in a control cabinet of the control 1.

In the rotatable part 5 of the rotary joint 3 is a switch 12, which detects whether a drill pipe 6 is screwed.

Optionally, there is also an RFID reader to allow a wireless readout of stored in RFID transponders identification features that can be mounted on the front of screwed-on drill pipes 6.

In each drill pipe 6 is in this embodiment, an identification switch 13, which establishes or interrupts an electrical connection 14 to an identification chip 15 or the like.

The inventive device or the invention

Procedures work the following way, with only one

error-free function is described. Deviations from this mode of operation are treated as error handling or

Signaling supplied. The switch 12 on the hinge 3 detects when no drill pipe 6 is screwed on and signals this to the controller 1. In this case, both circuits are turned off.

When a new drill pipe 6 is screwed to the rotary joint 3, this is detected by the switch 12 and the controller 1 switches on the test circuit. The connection of the lines 2 and 11 is now closed and the electrical signals of the wired identification chip 15 can be read and to a

Data processing system to be transmitted because of

Identification switch 13 is closed. This allows an exact verification and documentation of the use of the individual drill pipes 6.

The invention enables a system for checking and

Identification (e.g., by means of a universal unique identifier chip (ÜU)) of drill string components in conjunction with a database. This stores characteristic

Drill tube data (e.g., length, diameter, weight, material, number, volume resistivity, capacitance, inductance,

Characteristic impedance, lifetime data, production date, manufacturer, operating hours, maintenance interval, drill pipe rework, service interval, replacement parts). This system can therefore optionally also prevent the installation of a mismatched drill pipe.

Additionally or alternatively, the invention provides a system for checking and identifying drill string components without a database, in which some or all of the relevant data, e.g. are additionally stored on a UU ID chip and at

Connect be read out. The controlling software may then prevent installation depending on the read data or test and use parameters of the drill pipe.

The wired identification chip 15, e.g. a UU-ID chip, is only readable at this time, as soon as the

subsequent screwing with the last drill pipe 6 of the Drill string is done, the identification switch 13 is opened and thereby the connection of the chip 15 to the line 11 is disconnected.

Alternatively, when the drill pipe 6 is supplied with a DC low voltage (DC voltage), the

Identification switch 13 in the drill pipe 6 are replaced by a diode. The test voltage (low voltage) is placed in reverse polarity as the supply voltage by the controller 1 for reading the ID of the drill pipe 6. During normal operation, the supply voltage can not destroy the ID chip because it is reverse-protected by the diode.

Alternatively or additionally, as mentioned, an RFID transponder can also be used. In order to prevent multiple readout of the RFID transponder can be provided that the RFID transponder after screwing in the steel

Hiding ear forehead and thus protected and no longer readable.

In one embodiment of the invention produces a faultless drill pipe 6 unverschraubt, so when closed

Identification switch 13, a short circuit (alternatively a certain resistance value or a current consumption from a voltage limit (Zener diode), preferably an electrical pulse shape ("1-wire protocol")), which is detected by a test current - / - voltage measurement and the status of the Drill ear 6 is set to "valid", ie the controller 1 is error-free

Drill pipe 6 detects. In addition, in this test, the positive feedback of an optional drill pipe tracking system may be awaited (e.g., drill pipe not too old, drill pipe of the correct manufacturer, drill pipe serviced, etc.).

Thereafter, the drill pipe 6 is screwed to the drill table with the drill string. In this case, contact pins of a drill pipe 6 are connected to the sockets of the other drill pipe 6, as this For example, in AT 508 272 A is described. Alternative electrical connections of the conductors 11 of the drill pipes 6 are of course also possible. The PrüfStrommessung recognizes this process, for example, by the fact that the short circuit is canceled by the opening of the identification switch 13 during the screwing. This indicates a fault-free status (eg: "drill pipe free of errors, connection screwed").

A measuring system located near the drill head 9 at great depth can also have an ID chip and one in series

connected diode to either read this with alternating polarity or to protect against the high supply voltage. Here, however, an interface in the measuring system must transmit the ID chip information in the form of a modulated constant current loop (current pulses) in order to bridge large distances (possibly several km). The interface receives power from this test current loop.

In order to further increase safety, in a preferred embodiment of the invention the controller 1 may generate a charge / discharge logic sequence by means of an energy limited test voltage. In this case, current signals (for example rectangular pulses or pulses) are applied to the drill string or its electrical components.

Konstanstrompulse) and analyzed the reaction of the system to these test signals in the current or voltage domain in time. This analysis makes it possible to distinguish an underground consumer from an open circuit or short circuit or a non-system consumer from a valid, faultless consumer even over long line lengths.

This test is based on at least one electronic

Underground consumer 10, which is connected to the wired drill string or an equivalent electrical replacement (e.g., capacitance, resistance, current draw) that simulates the load for testing purposes.

In the diagram of Fig. 2 is the course of such a test illustrated with three exemplary courses. First, a square-wave test voltage pulse 16, for example between OV and 10V and between 1 mA and 20 mA, is applied to the line 2 and the lines 11 connected thereto. If there is an electrical short somewhere in the electrical path, the measured voltage drops immediately to zero, as indicated by line 17.

Is there, for example, an electrical contact to a

Human body, the voltage drops a little slower, as shown by the line 18. For example, a time interval <400 ms and a voltage U <0.15V can be used as limits for an impermissibly fast voltage drop

be determined. In such an error case, the test is repeated until no more errors are detected or a predetermined number of tests was unsuccessful, whereupon aborted and the error must be determined concretely.

For example, a successful test is one

Voltage profile along the line 19 before, in which the capacitance of the electrical component (s) is so large that the voltage after> 500 ms is still> 0.625V. Such a positive test is preferably repeated, e.g. three times to ensure sufficient fault tolerance.

If the voltage drops too slowly, this too can be an indication of an error, so that this test is also repeated until the error is no longer detected or a predetermined number of tests were unsuccessful, whereupon the faulty component is searched or examined ,

The period of time within which the test voltage is switched on

The predetermined level must decrease, depends on the electrical or capacitive properties of the electrical component (s) and is taken into account in the control or in the evaluation of the tests by appropriate setpoints. If necessary, this test method can also be independent of the system according to the invention a test circuit and an operating circuit are used.

After a successful test, and in particular a detection of a valid or faultless underground consumer 10, the controller turns off the test circuit and the

Operating circuit safely closed. The drill pipe or the (the) underground consumers 10 are now supplied with electrical energy. There is no danger for touching

live parts or for the creation of a spark.

After drilling a drill pipe length is the

The drill pipe is wedged on the drilling table and from the swivel joint 3

unscrewed. The switch 12 on the hinge 3 detects the

Disconnection and switches off the operating circuit. Unless first unscrewed at the rotary joint 3 but at the drilling table, the controller 1 detects the power interruption and also switches off the operating circuit.

The process of connecting another drill pipe to the drill pipe then restarts at the beginning as described.

For example, the underground consumer operates as a measurement system and transmits data via the wired connection 11, e.g. via PLC ("Powerline Communication"). The controller 1

continuously checks the energy supply or the successful communication by measuring the current.

Claims

Claims :

1. A method for supplying at least one electrical

Consumer (10) of a drill string with a

Operating voltage, characterized in that before the

Applying the operating voltage at least one electrical component (10, 11, 15) to drill pipes (6) of the

Drill pipe with a test voltage that is smaller than the operating voltage, is checked for errors and the

Operating voltage can only be applied if there is no error.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that

Test the drill pipes (6) with the test tension before bolting to the drill pipe.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that under application of the test voltage an identification of a drill pipe (6) is read.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a drill pipe (6) by detecting a

Resistance value tested and / or identified.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized

characterized in that when screwing a drill pipe (6) to a rotary joint (3) of a drilling rig, a switch (12) is closed, through which the test voltage for a

Error checking and / or identification of the

Drill pipe (6) is applied to the electrical component (11, 15) of the drill pipe (6).

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that an identification switch (13) via which the test voltage to an electrical component (11, 15) for identification of the drill pipe (6) is applied, is opened when the drill pipe (6) with another drill pipe (6) of the Drill pipe bolted

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized

characterized in that the drill string with current pulses (16), in particular constant current pulses, is applied.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the current pulses generated by the current pulses (16) (17, 18, 19) is analyzed in terms of time.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an identification of the drill pipe (6) is read out wirelessly.

10. The method according to claim 3, 4 or 9, characterized in that data of a drill pipe (6) based on the

Identification extracted from a database and with

Target data to be compared.

11. The method according to claim 3 or 9, that data from a

Data memory (15), e.g. a data chip, read on the drill pipe (6) and compared with target data.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized

characterized in that the test voltage is low voltage.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized

characterized in that the operating voltage is low voltage.

14. Device for supplying at least one electrical

Consumer (10) of a drill string with a

Operating voltage, characterized by a circuit (1), with the alternatively a test circuit or a

Operating circuit to at least one electrical component (10, 11, 15) on drill pipes (6) of the drill string

can be applied.

15. Device according to claim 14, characterized by a switch (12) on a rotary joint (3) of a drilling rig, which controls the electrical connection between the electrical

Component (10, 11, 15) and the test circuit or the operating circuit via the controller 1 closes.

16. Device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized by an identification switch (13) which is closed and the test circuit for an identification of the

Drill pipe (6) with an electrical component (11, 15) of the drill pipe (6) connects when the drill pipe (6) not with another drill pipe (6) of the

Bohrgestänges is connected.

17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the identification switch (13) is opened when the drill pipe (6) is connected to a further drill pipe (6) of the drill string.

18. Device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized

characterized in that the identification switch (13) in the closed state connecting lines (11) in

Drill ear shorted.

19. Device according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized

characterized in that the identification switch (13) in the closed state, the circuit (1) with a

Data memory (15), e.g. a data chip, connects or the data memory (15) in the open state of the

Circuit (1) disconnects.