EP2742522A1

EP2742522A1 - Trigger for a circuit breaker

Info

Publication number: EP2742522A1
Application number: EP12746333.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ernst Hammermayer; Siegfried SUENDERMANN
Original assignee: Eaton Industries Austria GmbH
Current assignee: Eaton Industries Austria GmbH
Priority date: 2011-08-12
Filing date: 2012-08-13
Publication date: 2014-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-13
Also published as: EP2742522B1; AT511791A2; CN102956411A; WO2013024061A1; CN102956411B

Abstract

The invention relates to a trigger (1) for a circuit breaker (2). The trigger (1) has a coil (3), and a trigger tube (4) is mounted within the coil (3) in some areas in a movable manner in a trigger direction (5). A first sub-armature (6) which is arranged outside of the coil (3) at least in some areas is rigidly connected to the trigger tube (4), and a movably mounted second sub-armature (7) and a liquid are arranged within the trigger tube (4).

Description

Trigger for a circuit breaker

The invention relates to a trigger for a circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.

There are triggers for circuit breakers are known in which an armature is movably guided within a coil. If the current flow within the coil exceeds a given short-circuit current flow, the armature is accelerated out of the trigger due to the prevailing electromagnetic forces. Subsequently, it is provided, for example, that the moving armature unlocks a switch lock. Such triggers can, due to the high acceleration of the armature, not only unlatch a switch lock, but also deliberately accelerate parts of the switch lock, whereby a correct opening a quick opening of the switch contacts of the circuit breaker concerned can be achieved.

A disadvantage of such triggers, is that they only work reliably at very high currents, such as short circuits. A safe triggering with only small but too high currents, which are also referred to as overload currents, is such

Triggers not possible, especially when the occurrence of such overload currents is provided that they are allowed to flow unimpeded by relevant guidelines duration time, and only after exceeding this period of time, which in turn is dependent on the size of the overcurrent, the tripping of the circuit breaker.

Known circuit breaker therefore generally have two different triggers, wherein the trigger for the short circuit case, as described above with conductor loop and movable armature is formed, and wherein the separate trigger for the overload is usually formed by a so-called. Bimetallic release. In a bimetallic a bimetallic element is heated directly and / or indirectly by the resistance-related waste heat of the electrical line, and also unlatches the switch lock by bending the bimetallic element. It is therefore an electro-thermal release. A disadvantage of such known circuit breakers with two different triggers is the fact that two independent modules must be provided, manufactured and installed. In particular, by the use of the bimetallic arise considerable costs, due to the required semi-finished product. By using the bimetallic element such circuit breaker must be calibrated individually. It is necessary the

Conditions in which the relevant circuit breaker actually opens the switch contacts to check in each case, and if necessary to change settings on the switching device manually. Especially with circuit breakers, this vote is only possible with great effort.

Such circuit breakers further cause considerable due to the necessary high resistance of the bimetal or the additional indirect heating used

Power losses. Furthermore, such circuit breakers have an overcurrent tripping behavior, which is highly dependent on the ambient temperature, which has a direct influence on the bending of the bimetal. To prevent trips that are not caused by electrical faults when used in high ambient temperature environments, such as the Middle East or the tropics, specially designed circuit breakers are required for these countries.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a trigger of the type mentioned, with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided, with which a

Both short circuit and overcurrent tripping are possible, and with which overcurrent tripping is more accurate and independent of temperature, enabling high switching capacity and simple automated manufacturing.

This is achieved by the features of claim 1 according to the invention.

As a result, with just a single trigger safely both in case of overload and in the event of a short-circuit, a correct tripping can take place. This allows - waiving a separate overcurrent release - a single trigger are formed, which can be installed in a circuit breaker, which is provided for conventional electromagnetic triggers, without the need for further structural redesign of the

Circuit breaker required. This can lead to the production of new tools, such as Injection molds are dispensed with for the production of the housing of such a circuit breaker. By dispensing with a bimetallic release, the power loss of the entire trip device can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the vacated space within an otherwise unchanged circuit breaker housing can be used for other assemblies. Thus, for example, a contact device with a large contact spacing for increased switching capacity can be installed, and / or a large quenching chamber. In addition, an inventive trigger on an overcurrent tripping behavior, which is independent of the ambient temperature. Furthermore, such a trigger is simply automated to produce, and does not require subsequent individual tuning, whereby the manufacturing process can be significantly simplified, and a high accuracy in the release is present.

In the trigger according to the invention, both partial anchors are always moved when triggered, which due to the high mass, a high pulse can be achieved, which can act on a switching mechanism. This can be with such a trigger the

Opening process can be accelerated within a switching device. The opening process is therefore not only dependent on the spring forces of the switch lock. Such a trigger has a high switching capacity, and can the switching contacts of the relevant

Do not open the circuit breaker only in a zero crossing.

The subclaims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

It is expressly referred to the wording of the claims, whereby the claims are hereby incorporated by reference into the description and are considered to be reproduced verbatim.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which a merely preferred embodiment is shown by way of example. Showing:

Figure 1 shows a circuit breaker with a preferred embodiment of a trigger according to the invention with lifted upper housing shell. Fig. 2 shows the trigger of Figure 1 in a sectional view in a first operating case. FIG. 3 shows the illustration according to FIG. 2 in a reduced view; FIG.

FIG. 4 shows the trigger according to FIG. 2 in a sectional representation in a second operating case; FIG.

5 shows the trigger according to FIG. 2 in a sectional illustration in a third operating case; FIG. FIG. 6 shows the trigger according to FIG. 2 in a sectional illustration in a fourth operating case; FIG. and

Fig. 7 shows the trigger of FIG. 2 in a sectional view in a fifth operating case.

1 to 7 each show a particularly preferred embodiment of a trigger 1 for a circuit breaker 2, wherein the trigger 1 has a coil 3, wherein a trigger tube 4 is at least partially movable within the coil 3 in a triggering direction 5, wherein an outside the coil 3 arranged first partial anchor 6 with the

Trigger tube 4 is firmly connected, and wherein within the trigger tube 4, a movably mounted second sub-anchor 7 and a liquid are arranged.

As a result, with a single trigger 1 safely both in case of overload and short circuit a proper triggering done. This allows - waiving a separate overcurrent release - a single trigger 1 are formed, which can be installed in a circuit breaker 2, which is provided for conventional electromagnetic triggers, without the need for further structural redesign of the

Circuit breaker required. This makes it possible to dispense with the production of new tools, such as injection molds, for the production of the housing of such a circuit breaker 2. By dispensing with a bimetallic release, the power loss of the entire trip device can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the vacated space within an otherwise unchanged circuit breaker housing can be used for other assemblies. Thus, for example, a contact device with a large contact spacing for increased switching capacity can be installed, and / or a large quenching chamber. In addition, an inventive trigger on an overcurrent tripping behavior, which is independent of the ambient temperature. Furthermore, such a trigger 1 is simply automated to produce, and does not require subsequent individual tuning, whereby the manufacturing process can be significantly simplified, and high accuracy when triggered.

In the tripping device 1 according to the invention, both partial anchors 6, 7 are always moved when triggered, as a result of which, due to the high mass, a high impulse can be achieved, which can act on a switching mechanism 24. As a result, the opening process within a switching device 2 can be accelerated with such a trigger 1. The opening process is therefore not only dependent on the spring forces of the switching mechanism 24. Such a trigger 1 has a high switching capacity, and can open the switch contacts 18, 21 of the relevant circuit breaker not only in a zero crossing of the current.

As already explained, the trigger 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 is a particularly preferred embodiment of the subject invention. Subsequently, constructive alternatives to the preferred embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 7 will be described for individual features. There is one

Combination of the individual described technical features in the context of

objective invention intended.

A trigger 1 is to be understood as meaning an electromechanical device which, upon the occurrence of certain predetermined electrical conditions, causes a predetermined mechanical action. This mechanical process can cause the mechanical opening of switching contacts 18, 21 of a switching device. In the given electrical conditions in question is in particular the height or strength of a current flow through the trigger 1, and its duration. The implementation of the predefinable mechanical process is referred to as triggering the trigger 1 or briefly as triggering.

Triggers 1 according to the invention are intended for use in circuit breakers 2. In a circuit breaker 2 is a switching device with switching contacts 18, 21, which is provided and designed to open at certain predetermined electrical states, the switching contacts 18, 21 and so the current flow through the

To prevent switching device. Particularly preferably, the use of the trigger 1 in so-called. Circuit breaker is provided. However, it can also be used in Residual current circuit breaker and / or circuit breakers may be provided.

Subsequently, a trigger 1 will be described for use in a circuit breaker. Triggers 1 are usually designed for certain operating conditions for which the relevant circuit breaker 2 is designed and approved. The concerned

Operating conditions include limits of the currents in the coil 3 as well as the behavior in reaching or exceeding. The limit up to which no triggering should take place is referred to in the present case as a non-trip current. This depends on the local regulations, for example, 1.13 times the rated current. Furthermore, an area beyond this limit is defined, wherein in the case of a current within this area no immediate triggering should take place, but the triggering is to take place only after the lapse of a predefinable time duration, which duration depends on the actual magnitude of the occurring current. The higher the current actually occurring, the shorter the time that elapses between its occurrence and the triggering. In this case, the time behavior known from fuses is essentially reproduced. Currents in this area are referred to as overcurrents or overload currents, analogous to the occurrence of such overcurrents as an overload case. The lower limit of the overload currents is defined by the non-tripping current. When very high currents occur, so-called

Short circuit currents, in the so-called short circuit case is provided that the trigger in the

Essentially immediately, therefore with the minimum possible time delay triggers. Typical short-circuit currents reach values of a few thousand amperes in a conventional domestic installation arrangement. The respective current intensities as well as the corresponding time behavior are regulated in relevant national or international regulations, such as in the ÖVE or IEC.

It is preferably provided that a trigger 1 according to the invention is an integral part of a circuit breaker 2. However, it may also be provided to form the trigger 1 as part of a separate from a circuit breaker 2 module, which is operatively coupled to a switching device to open the switch contacts 18, 21 of the relevant

Specify switching device specifiable.

The coil 3 of the trigger 1 is intended to be traversed by an electric current, which is representative of the current which in an electric

Installation environment prevails, which is to be monitored by the trigger, or becomes. It is preferably provided that the coil 3 is flowed through by the currents actually occurring in the relevant installation environment. When preferred use according to the invention trigger 1 in circuit breakers is preferably provided that the coil is at least indirectly connected to an input terminal 22 and an output terminal 23 of the circuit breaker 2 circuit technology, and thus forms part of the current path through the circuit breaker 2. However, it can also be provided that the coil 3 in a parallel bypass current branch next to a main current branch in or on the

Circuit breaker 2 is arranged.

The coil 3 consists of a conductive wire, in particular a copper wire, predetermined cross-section, and has a predetermined number of turns and one through the

Windings formed opening. The cross-section of the wire is essentially dependent on the rated current. The type and number of turns, as well as the dimensions of the coil 3 are dependent on other parameters, which will be discussed further here.

It is preferably provided that the coil 3 is formed as a substantially cylindrical coil 3. Therefore, that the individual layers of the coil 3 are wound side by side so that the thus formed opening has substantially the shape of a cylinder. It is preferably provided that the coil 3 has only one layer, as is also apparent from FIGS. 1 to 7. But it can also be differently shaped coils 3 may be provided. As already stated, the coil 3 forms an opening. The area inside the coil 3 is the area between the oppositely disposed coil turns in the region of the opening. The coil 3 is preferably arranged or wound on a substantially nonmagnetic or paramagnetic coil carrier 20, preferably made of plastic, or such is arranged inside the coil 3.

According to a preferred embodiment of the subject invention it is provided that the coil 3 is at least partially surrounded by a yoke 8, whereby the

magnetic field lines can be targeted. Particularly preferably it is provided that the yoke 8 is formed as a U-shaped bent metal part comprising ferromagnetic material surrounding the coil 3 on three sides, it can be provided that the yoke 8 has at least one opening to the passage of other components of the trigger 1 to enable. It should be noted for all embodiments that the yoke 8 is not integral

Part of the trigger 1 must be, but in the context of the invention, one of the other modules of the trigger 1 physically separate arrangement can be provided. It can be approximately provided to achieve the effect of the yoke 8 by corresponding metal parts, which are arranged in a circuit breaker 2 around the trigger 1 around, but which are not connected as an assembly with the other parts of the trigger 1.

The trigger has a so-called trigger tube 4. The trigger tube 4 is intended to be moved in the case of triggering due to electromagnetic forces, and to cause by means of this movement triggering a circuit breaker 2. The trigger tube 4 is preferably non-magnetic or paramagnetic. In particular, that is

Trigger tube 4 as a non-magnetic metal tube, such as a brass tube formed. The trigger tube 4 is preferably closed liquid-tight at both ends. For movement due to electromagnetic forces is - as stated at another point - provided that the trigger tube 4 is connected to other components.

The trigger tube 4 is arranged in regions within the coil 3. The indication areawise refers to a length range of the trigger tube 4. Das

Trigger tube 4 is therefore a first part of its length, which also as

Trigger tube length can be designated, disposed within the coil 3, wherein other parts of the trigger tube 4 are arranged outside of the coil 3. It is particularly preferred that on both sides of the coil 3 areas of the trigger tube 4 extend beyond the coil 3 or survive.

The trigger tube 4 is movably mounted within the coil 3, wherein a mobility is given at least in a triggering direction 5. As a triggering direction 5 while the direction is referred to, in which a movement of the trigger tube 4 is provided in the case of triggering. It is preferably provided that the triggering direction 5 extends parallel to a longitudinal extension of, in particular cylindrical, coil 3. The movement in the triggering direction is preferably a linear movement. In the preferred embodiment of a trigger 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 7 it is provided that the trigger tube 4 is mounted longitudinally displaceable in a slightly larger central opening of the coil carrier 20. To specify a defined position of the trigger tube 4 within the trigger 1 or with respect to the trigger 1, it is preferably provided that the trigger tube 4 has a stop 15. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the trigger 1 with a yoke 8 is provided in a development that the stopper 15 cooperates with the yoke 8, to specify the first rest position 10. Thus, the entire trigger 1 can be easily manufactured as a completed assembly. If the trigger 1 has no yoke, it may be provided that the stop with the coil carrier 20 or the coil. 3

interacts. Alternatively, it is preferably provided that for specifying the defined position of

Trigger tube 4 of this firmly connected first part of anchor 6 - when installing the shutter in a circuit breaker - rests on a housing part of the circuit breaker.

To trigger a circuit breaker 2 can be provided that the trigger tube 4 abuts a part of a switching mechanism 24, and accelerated so, or that the trigger tube 4 pulls on a part of a switching mechanism 24 to unlock it. For this purpose, it may be provided, for example, that a hook-shaped extension is connected to the triggering tube 4.

Both can be implemented with physical trigger 1. Preferably, and as shown in the figures, it is provided that the trigger tube 4 is designed as a trigger plunger 16, which at the end remote from the first part anchor 6 has a release extension 17, which is formed approximately by a cap with an extension. As a result, there is a simple possibility of adaptation to existing distances in a circuit breaker 2.

It is envisaged that a first part anchor 6 is firmly connected to the trigger tube 4. The first part anchor 6 is formed comprehensively a ferromagnetic material. The first partial anchor 6 is at least partially arranged outside the coil 3, wherein it is provided according to a preferred embodiment that the first partial anchor is disposed substantially outside of the coil 3. The term "outside of the coil 3" designates an arrangement and design of the first partial anchor 6, in which it is arranged substantially completely or at least partially outside of the coil 3, in particular in the longitudinal extent of the coil 3. However, an arrangement laterally outside the coil 3 can also be used In particular, it is provided that the movable part of the first armature 6 is arranged to a large extent outside the coil, provided that the current flowing in the coil 3, a current of less Non-triggering current has. It is envisaged that an education of the first

Part anchor 6 in the way that this triggering the trigger 1, or during the

Period of the tripping operation, in regions within the coil 3 is arranged, but the rest of the time or during the other operating cases outside the coil 3 is arranged to be considered outside the coil 3 arranged first partial armature 6.

It is preferably provided that the first part armature 6 is acted upon by a first spring 9 in the direction of a first rest position 10 of the coil 3 away. As a result, a defined position of the first part anchor 6, and thus also of the trigger tube 4 fixedly connected thereto, can be achieved.

By specifying the spring force of the first spring 9, in particular the short-circuit current, therefore, the amount of current at the occurrence of a short-circuit release is to be influenced.

It can be provided that the first spring 9 is designed as a compression spring, torsion spring or as a tension spring. It can be provided as training when training as a tension spring, that this spring connects the first part of anchor 6 with a part of a circuit breaker 2. It is preferably provided that the first spring 9 is formed as a compression spring. This allows a particularly simple and compact design of the entire trigger 1, without sensitive protruding parts, which can be easily manufactured as a whole simply automated. It is preferably provided that the compression spring between an abutment of the bobbin 20 and an extension of the first part armature 6 is arranged. It is preferably provided that the first part anchor 6 has a region 11 extending in a disk-shaped manner normal to the release direction 5. At this disc-shaped portion 11, the first spring 9 can be supported. Such a disk-shaped region 11 of the first partial armature 6 is particularly advantageous with regard to the bundling of the magnetic

Field lines. In FIGS. 2 to 7, said disk-shaped region 11 is clearly visible. As shown, it is preferably provided that the disk-shaped region 11 is formed integrally with the remaining first part armature 6. The disk-shaped region 11 extends normal to the longitudinal extent of the coil 3 and the trigger tube. 4

The disk-shaped region 11 can with respect to its geometry or its base be formed differently. It is preferably provided that the first part anchor 6 is formed as a rotationally symmetrical body, and consequently also the disk-shaped region 11 has a circular base surface. This is especially true of the

Production costs advantageous. However, it can also be provided that the

disc-shaped portion 11 has a rectangular or square base. This is particularly advantageous in view of the arrangement with respect to a U-shaped yoke 8.

It is preferably provided that the disk-shaped region 11 essentially the

Expansion of the yoke 8 has. Under expansion is provided in forming the disc-shaped portion 11 with a circular base that the

Diameter of the disk-shaped portion 11 corresponds to a width of the yoke 8. When forming the disk-shaped region 11 with a rectangular base surface, it is preferably provided that the disk-shaped region essentially has the dimensions of the part of the yoke 8 which is arranged opposite the disk-shaped region 11. By adapting the dimensions of the disk-shaped region 11 to the dimensions of the yoke 8, the magnetic conditions in this region can be made particularly advantageous.

Within the trigger tube 4, a second part anchor 7 and a liquid are arranged. The second part anchor 7 is movably mounted within the trigger tube 4. It is preferably provided that the trigger tube 4, and also the interior thereof, have substantially circular cross-sections. Preferably, it is further provided that also the second part anchor 7 has a substantially circular cross-section. The second partial armature 7 is intended to be moved or moved within the trigger tube 4 under the influence of predeterminable electromagnetic force effects generated by the coil 3. As a result, the second partial armature 7 can enter the region of the coil 3 and locally influence the flow of the magnetic field lines. The second partial anchor 7 is therefore preferably formed comprising ferromagnetic material.

It is preferably provided that the second part anchor 7 has a substantially opposite and slightly smaller cross section than the cavity 14 of the trigger tube 4. The function of the trigger 1 and the movement of the second part anchor 7 will be explained later with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. Within the trigger tube 4, a liquid is further arranged. It is preferably provided that the entire resulting cavity 14 of the trigger tube 4 is substantially completely filled by the liquid. As the resulting cavity 14 while the entire space is designated within the trigger tube 4, which is not occupied by other representational components, in particular by the second part anchor 7 and a second spring 12 to be described later.

The liquid is intended to dampen the movements of the second part anchor 7 within the trigger tube 4, but not to prevent. The liquid has a predeterminable viscosity. By selecting the liquid with regard to its viscosity, the damping of the movement of the second partial armature 7 within the triggering tube 4 can be defined and influenced in a predeterminable manner. It is preferably provided that the liquid is a hydraulic fluid. On the viscosity of the liquid, therefore, for example, by choosing different liquids, in particular the characteristic, especially the

Time behavior of the trigger in case of overload can be influenced.

According to further embodiments of the subject invention, not shown, it is provided to influence the damping of the liquid by the shaping of the second part armature 7. Thus, by a hydrodynamic shaping, the damping of a movement within the liquid can be kept low, and by the angular shape - as shown in the figures - a high attenuation can be achieved with otherwise identical properties of the liquid and the electromagnetic structure. Furthermore, it can be provided that the second part anchor 7 has a predeterminable number of channels on a side or lateral surface, whereby the damping by the liquid can be further influenced. Through the channels while the attenuation can be reduced.

In order to achieve freedom with respect to the operating position of the trigger 1, a

Insensitivity to vibration, as well as a short time between the

Tripping case, and the reclosing ability of the trigger, it is preferably provided that in the trigger tube 4, a second spring 12 is arranged, which second spring 12, the second part of anchor 7 in the direction of the second rest position 13 is applied. This second spring 12 may be formed as a tension spring or as a compression spring. By specifying the spring force of the second spring 12, in particular the non-triggering current, therefore the Limit of the current above which an overload tripping is to be effected.

It is preferably provided that the second spring 12 is designed as a compression spring, and between the second part of anchor 7 and the first part of the anchor 6 associated region of the trigger tube 4 is arranged, whereby a simple structural implementation is supported. As a result, the exact adherence to the second rest position can be better supported than with a tension spring. In this context, the second partial anchor preferably has a shoulder, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 7, on which the

Bolt pressure spring rests.

Alternatively to the formation of the first spring 9 and the second spring 12 as a metal spring, any other means may be provided to load the first part anchor 6 and the second part anchor 7 in the direction of the respective rest positions, for example

Elastomeric elements and / or gas-filled containers.

2 and 3 show the same view of the trigger 1, wherein this is in a so-called. First case of operation, in which the coil 3 is either de-energized, or a current flow through the coil below a predetermined Uberlaststromfluss. In this case, the first part anchor 6 is arranged in its first rest position and the second part anchor 7 in the second rest position. As you can see, this is the second one

Part anchor 7 as far as possible outside the coil 3. It is preferably provided that a coil length, a trigger tube length and a length of the second part anchor 7 are formed such that the second part anchor 7 is arranged in arrangement in the second rest position 13 substantially outside of the coil 3. Particularly preferably it is provided that the second part anchor 7 in this position to at least 50%, in particular at least 60%), preferably at least 70%>, especially at least 80%>, the length of the second part anchor 7 outside the coil. 3 is arranged. The length specifications always refer to the longitudinal extension of the trigger tube or in the release direction.

In particular, it is further provided that the coil length, the first part anchor 6 and the length of the second part anchor 7 are formed such that when the second part anchor 7 within the coil 3 in the way that through the coil 3 - at a

Current flow through the coil 3 according to the Uberlaststromfluss - caused and on the second partial armature 7 acting electromagnetic forces are equal to the opposite acting spring force of the second spring, the first part armature 6 rests against the second part anchor 7. It can thereby be achieved that at the minimum flowing current, which is to cause a triggering of the trigger 1, the second sub-anchor 7 at the latest at the time in which this undergoes no further acceleration device with the first part anchor 6 in Appendix, and so the magnetic Circle at this point closes.

Subsequently, the function of an objective trigger 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. FIGS. 2 and 3 show the same view, however, in different image size, while the other FIGS. 4 to 7 each represent different operating states or operating cases.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show the trigger 1 in a first operating case. In the coil 3, either no current or a predetermined permissible current flows below one

Non-trip current and below a given overload current flow. This is a condition in which no triggering should occur. The first part anchor 6 is in the first

Rest position spaced from the coil 3 and the yoke 8 is arranged. The second part anchor 7 is arranged in the second rest position, in which the second part anchor 7

is largely outside the coil 3. The current possibly flowing through the coil 3 generates an electromagnetic force which tends to move both the first and the second partial anchors 6, 7 from their rest positions in the direction of the coil 3. However, the electromagnetic force in question is too low in this case of operation to cause a movement of one of the two partial anchors 6, 7, so that no triggering takes place in this case of operation. On the first part armature 6 acts in addition to the electromagnetic force of this opposite spring force of the first spring 9. On the second part armature 7 acts in addition to the electromagnetic force of this opposite spring force of the second spring 12, and a flow resistance force within the liquid. In essence, it can be assumed that the objectively considered

Forces - at least in the considered particularly preferred embodiment - act in the same line of action. Therefore, it is permissible to simply add or subtract the respective forces. It is considered to be within the skill of the art to describe the static and kinematic conditions described and described below in more complex mechanical arrangements or no longer coincident

Effect lines of individual forces by using known solution methods of

Mechanics, in particular the statics, kinematics and / or kinetics to solve, such as the vector calculation, the establishment of equilibrium conditions in one

Coordinate system and / or the application of d'Alembert's Theorem. The indicated ratios of forces refer to their effect on the first and / or second

Partial anchors 6, 7 which, depending on the prevailing and stated relationships of forces to certain states remain at rest, or be moved. Due to the preferred movement of the first and / or second partial armature 6, 7 in the release direction is preferably provided that the respectively relevant forces acting in the release direction

Force components are.

It is preferably provided that the coil 3, the yoke 8, the first spring 9, the first

Partial anchor 6, the second spring 12, the liquid and the second part of anchor 7 are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil 3 is smaller than a predetermined

Overload current flow - acting on the second part anchor 7 spring force of the second spring 12 and a flow resistance force within the liquid are greater than the force acting on the second part anchor 7 electromagnetic force, and that acting on the first part anchor 6 electromagnetic force is smaller than a spring force of The first spring 9. The electromagnetic forces acting on the first and the second partial armature 6, 7, although returning to the same cause, be different in size. Both the features mentioned for the first partial armature 6 and for the second partial armature 7 refer to the stated state that the current flow in the coil 3 is smaller than a predetermined overload current flow.

With increasing current flow in the coil 3 and the caused by this increases

electromagnetic effect, and thus also the electromagnetic forces acting on the first part anchor 6 and the second part anchor 7. In this case, the further behavior of the individual parts, in particular of the first and second part armatures 6, 7, depends on the size of the current flowing in the coil, therefore whether the now flowing current is an overload current, which definitely flows for a certain period of time allowed, or a short-circuit current.

Figs. 4 to 6 show the trigger 1 in each case different operating cases, which be taken in succession of an overcurrent through the trigger 1 successively. Starting from the first operating case according to FIG. 3, with the second part armature 7 being in the second rest position, a flow is made in the coil 3

Overload current. The thereby increased - in comparison to the first operating case -

Electromagnetic forces exceed the second partial armature 7 acting on the spring force of the second spring 12 and the flow resistance force within the liquid, whereby the second partial armature 7 is set from its second rest position in motion, and moves in the direction of the coil 3. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic forces acting on the first partial armature 6 are not yet sufficient to move out of the first partial armature 6 in the direction of the coil 3. The spring force of the first spring 9 keeps the first part armature 6 continues in its first rest position. 4 shows a snapshot of this

Operating Falls. Due to the damping by the liquid within the trigger tube 4, the movement of the second part anchor 7 is slowed down in time. We set out above, is therefore preferably provided that the coil 3, the yoke 8, the second spring 12, the liquid and the second part of anchor 7 are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil 3 greater a predetermined overload current flow - on the second part anchor 7 acting spring force of the second spring 12 and a

Flow resistance force within the liquid are smaller than the force acting on the second part of the armature 7 electromagnetic force. This results in the above-described force on the second part of the armature 7, which leads to a continuous movement of the second part of the armature 7.

Fig. 5 shows the trigger 1 in a third case of operation. Under the continued prevailing effect of the electromagnetic forces generated by the coil 3, the second part of anchor 7 - starting from Fig. 4 - has moved further in the direction of the first part of anchor 6 and is in the illustration of FIG. 5 within the coil 3. This is one

Interior of the coil 3 substantially occupied by the second part anchor 7. The period of time which the second partial armature 7 needs for the movement from the second rest position to the position within the coil 3 is, in addition to the embodiments of the trigger 1, which, however, are no longer changeable during operation of the trigger 1, only more of the current flow in the coil 3 dependent. The higher this one

Current flow is, the faster the second part anchor 7 is moved. By the Position change of the second part anchor 7, the magnetic circuit of the trigger 1 changes.

Fig. 5 shows a snapshot of the trigger 1 immediately before triggering. The arrangement of the second partial armature 7 within the coil 3 leads to a guidance of the magnetic field lines in this area through the first and second partial armatures 6, 7.

It is preferably provided that in this operating case, the first part anchor 6 rests against the second part anchor 7. It is therefore preferably provided that the first and the second partial anchor 6, 7 are formed such that a gap between them can go to zero in the concrete operating case.

In this respect, this type of training relates in particular to the lengths of the two

Partial anchors 6, 7, as well as on the provision of a correspondingly long space for accommodating the compressed second spring 12. The second spring 12 may for example also be received within the second part anchor 7. Even small gaps in magnetic circuits have significant effects on the magnetic flux and lead to a reduction of the magnetic flux. By a vote of the magnetic system, in which only when a gap between the two partial anchors 6, 7, the force sufficient to move the trigger tube 4, a particularly sudden or sudden release can be supported.

In the state shown in FIG. 5 now exceed the on the first part anchor. 6

acting electromagnetic forces, the spring force of the first spring 9, whereby the first part anchor 6 and with this the trigger tube 4 in the direction of the coil 3 and the

Triggering 5 are accelerated, and transferred to the state shown in FIG. 6.

It is therefore preferably provided that the coil 3, the yoke 8, the first part of anchor 6, the second part of anchor 7 and the first spring 9 are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil 3 is greater a predetermined overload current flow, and at next The first partial armature 6 arranged second partial armature 7 - acting on the first part armature 6 electromagnetic force is greater than a spring force of the first spring 9. This allows an overcurrent release can be formed, in which simply the required tripping times can be implemented depending on the amount of overload current , and which one in the event of a short circuit can already provide high impact pulse.

Based on the so-called first operating case according to FIG. 3, the objective trigger 1 behaves differently when a short-circuit current occurs than when an overload current occurs.

As soon as a current flows in the coil 3, which is higher than a predetermined one

Short-circuit current is sufficient for the electromagnetic force generated by the coil 3 to overcome the spring force of the first spring 9, and the first part of the anchor 6 with the

to move connected trigger tube 4. Although the electromagnetic force in this case tends to move the second sub-anchor 7, this remains due to the damping effect of the liquid and the short duration of the effect of

electromagnetic force, which is due to the successful triggering of the trigger 1 and thus usually associated interruption of the current flow through the coil 3, to succumb, essentially in the second rest position. In particular, due to the damping properties of the liquid and the second spring, and the

Mass inertia of the second part of the anchor can be achieved that they remain during the abrupt movement of the triggering tube 4 in the position relative to the trigger tube 4.

As a result, the full mass of the trigger tube 4 and the two partial anchors 6, 7 contribute to the generation of a high impact pulse. As a result, a strong effect on the switching mechanism 24 can be exercised.

It is therefore preferably provided that the coil 3, the yoke 8, the first part armature 6 and the first spring 9 are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil 3 greater a predetermined short-circuit current flow - acting on the first part armature 6

electromagnetic force is greater than a spring force of the first spring. 9

In summary, in an embodiment of a trigger according to the invention which is only particularly preferred, it is preferably provided that the coil 3, the yoke 8, the first spring 9, the first part armature 6, the second spring 12, the liquid and the second part armature 7 are designed in this way that

- At a current flow in the coil 3 smaller a predetermined overload current flow - a acting on the second part of anchor 7 spring force of the second spring 12 and a flow resistance force within the liquid are greater than the force acting on the second part anchor 7 electromagnetic force, and that acting on the first part of armature 6 electromagnetic force is smaller than a spring force of the first spring. 9 , and - at a current flow in the coil 3 greater a predetermined overload current flow - acting on the second part of the armature 7 spring force of the second spring 12 and a

Flow resistance within the liquid are smaller than the force acting on the second part of the armature 7 electromagnetic force, and

- At a current flow in the coil 3 greater a predetermined short-circuit current flow - acting on the first part of the armature 6 electromagnetic force is greater than one

Spring force of the first spring 9, and

- At a current flow in the coil 3 larger a predetermined overload current flow, and at next to the first partial armature 6 arranged second partial armature 7 - acting on the first partial armature 6 electromagnetic force is greater than a spring force of the first spring. 9

As stated above several times, it is required that the coil 3 and / or the yoke 8 and / or the first spring 9 and / or the first part anchor 6 and / or the second spring 12 and / or the liquid and / or the second part anchor 7 are designed to meet certain conditions defined above.

The subject embodiments represent a technical guide that allows the skilled person to fully implement the subject invention.

Although it is understood that it is clear to those skilled in the art which features of the individual assemblies are to be changed in the sense of the preceding statements for obtaining the cited features or not, is below to the individual

Assembled position. This statement is a non-exhaustive list of possibilities of influence, which have proven to be particularly advantageous in the context of the implementation of the subject invention.

The effect of the coil 3 can be changed by their geometry and especially their number of turns. The effect of the yoke 8 can be influenced by its geometry and choice of material.

The effect of the first spring 9 and the second spring 12 can be influenced by the spring constant and the number of turns.

The effect of the first partial armature 6 can be influenced by the shaping, in particular the extension of the disc-shaped area directed laterally to the longitudinal extent of the coil, as well as by the magnetic properties of the material.

The effect of the liquid can be influenced by the choice of the liquid with regard to its viscosity, wherein other aspects can be taken into account, such as the long-term stability of the relevant features, as well as the behavior of the liquid at different temperatures, frost resistance or high vapor pressure.

The effect of the second part anchor 7, in addition to the choice of material with regard to the magnetic properties can be influenced mainly by the geometric shape. By a hydrodynamic shaping, for example, the damping of the movement of the second part armature 7 in the liquid can be influenced. Furthermore, the structural design of the first and second part anchors 6, 7 has proven to be advantageous in that a substantially immediate abutment of the two partial anchors, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, is made possible.

As shown in Fig. 1, the subject invention further includes a circuit breaker 2 with a subject trigger 1. For simplified arrangement of a trigger 1 in a circuit breaker can be provided that at least one part of a contact apparatus of a circuit breaker 2 is arranged on the trigger 1 further. At the trigger 1 shown in Figs. 1 to 7, a designated as a fixed contact carrier 19 metal strip is fixed, which carries a housing-fixed electrical switching contact 18, and which in

representational execution, recognizable by the curved shape of the

Festkontaktträgers 19, forms part of a so-called. Arc running distance. It is provided that - as not shown in the sectional views of FIGS. 2 to 7 - the coil 3 is electrically conductively connected to the fixed contact carrier 19. Fig. 1 shows a circuit breaker as an exemplary or preferred embodiment of a circuit breaker 2. The switch contacts 18, 21 are in the open position, where further well the switch lock 24 can be seen, which is arranged opposite the release plunger 16. The trigger 1 is arranged in such a way in the circuit breaker 2 that the trigger tube 4 triggers the switching mechanism 24 in a movement in the triggering direction 5. Furthermore, the relevant circuit breaker 2 is free of further triggers. In particular, the circuit breaker 2 is free of separately constructed overcurrent releases, especially free of bimetallic elements.

The switching mechanism 24 of the circuit breaker is designed such that it performs certain movements for opening the switch contacts. In a further development of the invention it is provided that the trigger in the circuit breaker 2 according to FIG. 1 is arranged relative to the switching mechanism 24 of the circuit breaker 2, that - in the case of tripping - the trigger tube 4 abuts against a portion of the latching mechanism 24, and such parts of

Switching mechanism 24 accelerates in a, the opening of switch contacts supporting direction. Thereby, the shutdown or the process of separation of the switching contacts can be accelerated. As a result, a separation of the switching contacts can be forced independently of the prevailing current amplitude, in

Contrary to known zero point cancellers.

Two further embodiments of a trigger according to the invention are described below, which are not shown in the figures. According to a particularly simple embodiment of a trigger 1, it is provided that it has neither a first nor a second spring 9, 12. Such a trigger 1 is provided only for use in a specific operating position, wherein the second part of anchor 7 is arranged pointing to the ground or a center of gravity. Alternatively, the use in environments with predetermined

Centrifugal acceleration, such as centrifuges or rotating space stations, be provided, wherein the second sub-anchor 7 is held in this case by the centrifugal acceleration in its position.

It is envisaged that the trigger tube 4 by a foil or paper in its position is held within the trigger 1. The film can encompass approximately the trigger tube on the release extension 17. The film is designed such that it is strong enough, the trigger tube in cases where no triggering should take place, see in this respect the above explanations, holds in the trigger 1, and that it can be pierced by the release tube 4 in the case of release. Alternatively, it can also be provided to secure the first part anchor by means of a tear-off thread in its position. The tear thread can be fastened to a housing part of the switching device. As a result, a particularly simple single release 1 for overload as well as short-circuit release can be created, which - with slight limitation of the operating position - can perform a single trip. This is particularly advantageous in the protection of electrical systems, in which a re-commissioning, such as by laymen to be prevented. Switching devices with such triggers 1 are suitable as a replacement for fuses, and have over these the advantages of a much more accurate tripping and low aging, since the tripping characteristic is not changed after the repeated occurrence of slight overcurrents, which did not lead to a tripping. Furthermore, these have an increased security against manipulation, as they can not be easily "patched" by laymen, as conventional fuses.

According to a further embodiment it is provided that inside the trigger tube 4, the second spring 12 is arranged, which may also be referred to as Auslöserohrmnenfeder. Thus, the trigger 1 can be used in different operating positions, and there is greater freedom in defining the non-tripping current.

Further embodiments have only a part of the described features, wherein each feature combination, in particular also of various described embodiments, can be provided.

Claims

cLAIMS

1. trigger (1) for a circuit breaker (2), wherein the trigger (1) has a coil (3), wherein a release tube (4) in regions within the coil (3) in a

Triggering direction (5) is movably mounted, characterized in that a at least partially outside the coil (3) arranged first partial anchor (6) with the trigger tube (4) is firmly connected, and that within the trigger tube (4) has a movably mounted second sub-anchor (7) and a liquid are arranged.

2. trigger (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the coil (3) at least partially surrounded by a yoke (8).

3. trigger (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first part armature (6) by a first spring (9) in the direction of a first rest position (10) of the coil (3) is acted upon away.

4. trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the trigger tube (4) a second spring (12) is arranged, which second spring (12) the second part anchor (7) in the direction of a second rest position (13) acted on which second rest position (13) relative to the first part anchor (6) is arranged.

5. trigger (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the first spring (9) is designed as a compression spring.

6. trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first part of the anchor (6) has a normal to the release direction disc-shaped extending portion (11).

7. trigger (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the disc-shaped portion (11) has substantially the extension of the yoke (8).

8. trigger (1) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the second spring (12) is designed as a compression spring, and between the second part anchor (7) and a first part of the anchor (6) associated region of the trigger tube ( 4) is arranged.

9. trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a resulting cavity (14) of the trigger tube (4) is substantially completely filled by the liquid.

10. trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the release tube (4) has a stop (15).

11. trigger (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the stop (15) with the yoke (8) cooperates to specify the first rest position (10).

12. trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the trigger tube (4) as a trigger plunger (16) is formed, which at the, the first part of the anchor (6) facing away from the end of a release extension (17).

13. trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a coil length, a trigger tube length and a length of the second part anchor (7) are formed such that the second part anchor (7) when arranged in the second rest position ( 13) at least 50%, in particular at least 60%>, preferably at least 70%>, especially at least 80%>, the length of the second part anchor (7), outside the coil (3) is arranged.

14. trigger (1) according to one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the coil (3), the yoke (8), the first spring (9), the first part of the anchor (6), the second spring (12) , the liquid and the second part anchor (7) are formed such that - at a

Current flow in the coil (3) smaller than a predetermined overload current flow - acting on the second part of anchor (7) spring force of the second spring (12) and a

Flow resistance force within the liquid are greater than the force acting on the second part anchor (7) electromagnetic force, and that on the first part of the armature (6) acting electromagnetic force is smaller than a spring force of the first spring (9).

15. trigger (1) according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that the coil (3), the yoke (8), the second spring (12), the liquid and the second part anchor (7) are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil (3) greater one

predetermined overload current flow - acting on the second part of anchor (7) spring force of the second spring (12) and a flow resistance force within the liquid are smaller than the force acting on the second part of the armature (7) electromagnetic force.

16. trigger (1) according to one of claims 4 to 15, characterized in that the coil (3), the yoke (8), the first part anchor (6) and the first spring (9) are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil (3) greater than a predetermined

Short-circuit current flow - an electromagnetic force acting on the first partial armature (6) is greater than a spring force of the first spring (9).

17. trigger (1) according to one of claims 4 to 16, characterized in that the coil (3), the yoke (8), the first part anchor (6), the second part anchor (7) and the first spring (9) are formed such that - at a current flow in the coil (3) greater a predetermined overload current flow, and at next to the first partial armature (6) arranged second partial armature (7) - on the first part armature (6) acting electromagnetic force greater than a spring force of the first spring (9).

18. Circuit breaker (2), in particular circuit breaker, with a trigger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17.

19. Circuit breaker (2) according to claim 18, characterized in that the trigger and a switching mechanism of the circuit breaker are arranged such that - in the case of tripping - the trigger tube (4) abuts against a part of the switching mechanism, and thus parts of the switching mechanism in accelerates a, the opening of switch contacts supporting direction.