Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
  • B01D69/04—Tubular membranes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
  • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
  • B01D63/021—Manufacturing thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
  • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
  • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
  • B01D63/061—Manufacturing thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
  • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
  • B01D65/003—Membrane bonding or sealing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
  • B01D2313/02—Specific tightening or locking mechanisms
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
  • B01D2313/04—Specific sealing means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
  • B01D2313/04—Specific sealing means
  • B01D2313/041—Gaskets or O-rings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
  • B01D2313/04—Specific sealing means
  • B01D2313/042—Adhesives or glues
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
  • B01D2313/20—Specific housing
  • B01D2313/201—Closed housing, vessels or containers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a filter device for the filtration of liquid media according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention relates to a method for producing a filter device for the filtration of liquid media according to the preamble of claim 11.
• the invention relates to the field of filter devices formed by membrane modules for filtering liquid media, in particular contaminated water (so-called unfiltrate).
• a membrane module comprises, for example, at least one elongated filter element which is traversed by at least one longitudinal channel. It consists of a porous material, such as ceramic.
• the inner wall of the longitudinal channel is covered with a wafer-thin filter membrane.
• the membrane module further comprises a housing, preferably made of stainless steel, which surrounds the filter element.
• the unfiltered material is cleaned transversely to the flow direction by the applied to the wall surface of the longitudinal channel filter membrane and enters as filtrate from the wall surface in a collecting space between the filter elements and the housing.
• the housing must be reliably sealed to the outside at least for liquids.
• filter elements In the field of water filtration two types of filter elements are known from the prior art. On the one hand there are round filter elements in cross-section, which are referred to as “tube membranes” and in which the liquid medium is usually filtered from the inside to the outside. The filter membrane is applied inside the longitudinal channels. On the other hand, rectangular filter elements are known in the prior art in cross-section, which are referred to as “flat membranes” and are generally filtered from the outside to the inside. However, a filtration in a respective reverse filtration direction is also known in both types.
• the filter element When assembling and sealing membrane modules, various embodiments are found in the prior art. If the filter element consists of a monolith, it is usually machined in the upper and lower regions such that the diameters of the end pieces are somewhat smaller than those of the actual body. On the machined ends 0-rings for sealing against the housing of the membrane module are placed and inserted the monolith with its 0-ring or alternatively an L-ring in the module housing.
• the membrane module comprises a potted membrane bundle (that is to say a plurality of filter elements arranged in parallel)
• an L-shaped seal is preferably pre-installed in the module housing into which the entire bundle is accurately inserted.
• the L-shaped seal can first be placed on the membrane bundle and then inserted together with this into the housing, but preferably the seal is pre-installed in the housing.
• WO 2006/009449 A1 shows a membrane module with filter elements which, at least at one end, have a conical ceramic flange, e.g. made of refractory concrete.
• DE 690 19 552 T2 shows a membrane module in which the end regions of the filter elements have an excess thickness with an oblique shoulder, wherein the excess thickness can be made of different materials and the shoulder cooperates with different seals.
• DE 198 46 041 A1 shows a membrane module in which the end regions of the filter elements, for example, are sealed against a housing by conically formed L-shaped seals.
• the conical surface of the seal cooperates with a complementary shaped surface of a lid of the membrane module.
• the invention has for its object to make a membrane module such that a reliable separation of filtrate and unfiltered material is ensured even with thermal expansion of different materials and that this can be achieved by a simple installation without damaging or slipping the seal.
• the membrane module is to be produced inexpensively.
• the present invention is based on the idea of creating a new type and function of a seal for the filter device.
• the filter element In cooperation of the conical surface of the flange, which is part of the at least one filter element, with the complementarily shaped surface of the seal, the filter element is securely fixed in the housing for operation, and there is slippage of the filter element in the housing and damaging the seal during a Assembly avoided.
• a safe separation of the filtrate from the unfiltered is realized without a possible accumulation by microorganisms.
• the invention is independent of the use of round or flat membranes as a filter element, as well as independent of the number of filter elements in the housing.
• the housing and the filter element or the filter elements are preferably circular-cylindrical in cross-section; but they can also be polygonal.
• the seal preferably has an inwardly extending lip portion which at least partially covers the flange.
• the flange is formed by a potting compound applied end. It is preferably provided that the entire end region of the at least one filter element or the bundle of filter elements with the same potting compound is closed during the manufacturing process to the outside.
• the flange can thus be produced in a common manufacturing step for closing the entire end region, forming an integral unit with the at least one filter element.
• the casting material to be applied to the end region of the at least one filter element for example in the form of a melt which cures to form a solid potting compound, comprises a plastic, preferably a polymer, in particular a thermoplastic. Also thermosets or two-component plastics such as epoxies or acrylates are possible. The plastics mentioned work reliably, can be processed easily and are inexpensive. In addition, all mentioned materials of the filter device are approved materials for drinking water.
• the conical surface of the flange can thereby be produced by immersing the end region of the at least one filter element in the casting material in a conical shape during the production process.
• the conical surface is produced by a subsequent mechanical processing.
• the seal of a clamping piece axially, preferably resilient, is acted upon.
• the clamping piece is preferably formed as a metal plate, which may be angled to it.
• the clamping piece acts filter device, in particular as a counter flange or as a fixing plate for sealing and thus supports the sealing effect. Also, this makes the filter element easily and securely supported in the housing.
• the housing preferably has a notch, in which the sealing ring is inserted with a part of its cross section.
• the additional sealing effect arises from the fact that, for example, an extension of the clamping piece not far from the seal pressurizes the sealing ring inserted in the notch and compresses it.
• the sealing ring is preferably designed as an O-ring; angularly formed seals or partially angularly formed seals or gaskets are also conceivable, with the use of flat gaskets, the notch adjusted accordingly or must be dispensed with the notch entirely.
• the clamping piece and / or a side facing the clamping piece of the seal is structured by elevations and / or recesses.
• the recesses may be formed, for example, as grooves.
• the recesses and protrusions on the seal serve, for example, to compensate for any unevenness of the device.
• the clamping piece is acted upon in the axial direction of the filter device with force while the elevations partially compressed, so that the sealing effect arises.
• the seal can be fixed accordingly.
• An inventive manufacturing method of the filter device provides the following method steps:
• a casting material made of plastic is applied around a first end region of the at least one filter element, by means of which the at least one filter element is encased and at the same time the laterally outwardly extending flange is produced in the region of the first end region.
• a second end region of the at least one filter element is moved in accordance with the method steps a) and b) in the same manner, so that at the second end region, a second laterally outwardly extending flange is generated.
• the flanges of the first and second end regions are preferably identical.
• a first elastic seal is arranged at a first end, which is formed on its side facing the first flange side to the conical shape of the first flange complementary.
• the first seal may have on an outer side (transverse to the conical shape of the seal) recesses and elevations.
• the housing is pushed together with the first seal over the at least one filter element, so that the first flange cooperates with the conical shape of the first seal.
• the housing compresses any elevations of the first seal together.
• a second elastic seal is inserted on the second flange, wherein the second seal is complementary to the conical shape of the second flange.
• the second seal may have on an outer side (transverse to the conical shape of the seal) recesses and elevations.
• the clamping piece is fixed to the outside of the housing, wherein the second seal of the clamping piece axially, preferably resilient, is applied. This eventual elevations of the second seal are compressed.
• the production costs are very low in the inventive method.
• the installation of the filter device can advantageously be done on site (on site). Also, a simple disassembly is possible for repair or service purposes.
• the term "casting material” encompasses all plastics that are initially in a substantially liquid phase, for whatever reason, and then cure, again, for whatever reason. Suitable plastics include polymers, thermoplastics, thermosets, two-component plastics such as epoxies or acrylates and many others.
• FIG. 1 shows a filter device according to the invention in a longitudinal sectional view
• Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section through an upper end portion of the filter device of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a representation similar to FIG. 2 with different clamping pieces
• FIG. 4 is a more detailed illustration of part of the embodiment of Fig. 1;
• Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 of a second embodiment with another housing.
• Fig.6-10 sectional views through a range of further embodiments of filter devices with different clamping pieces.
• FIG. 1 shows a filter device 10 according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
• the filter device 10 has a tubular housing 12, which is preferably made of stainless steel. After lateral outward on the housing 12, two outlet ports 14 are arranged, which are preferably standardized in order to allow compatibility with other devices.
• a plurality of elongate filter elements 16 are arranged in the longitudinal extension of the housing 12.
• the filter elements 16 are made of porous material, preferably ceramic, and have longitudinal channels 18 and on the inside of a filter membrane.
• the filter elements may be tube membranes and / or flat membranes.
• the filtration direction is preferably from inside to outside. This means that in one end of each longitudinal channel 18, the medium to be filtered (unfiltered) is introduced (see arrow 20). On the way of the unfiltrate through the longitudinal channel 18, the unfiltered material is cleaned transversely to the flow direction through the filter membrane applied to the wall surface of the longitudinal channel 18 (porous material) and emerges as filtrate from the wall surface to the outside (so-called permeation).
• the interior of the housing 12 must be reliably sealed to the outside.
• the filter elements 16 in Figure 1 at the lower and upper end portion of a sealing potting compound 22 which surrounds the filter elements 16.
• the potting compound 22 is produced from a cured casting material, wherein the casting material consists of a plastic, preferably a polymer, in particular a thermoplastic material. Also thermosets or two-component plastics such as epoxies or acrylates are possible.
• the arrangement in an extension of the potting compound 22 at the top and bottom has a flange 24 in the manner of an annular and radially outwardly extending collar, which is preferably made of the same material of the potting compound 22 exists.
• the flange 24 is so an integral part of the filter elements in the interior of the housing 12.
• Both flanges 24 are on a radially projecting peripheral surface 25 conically inclined and preferably top and bottom identical, but mirror-inverted.
• the smaller diameter is axially outside and the larger diameter axially inside.
• the conical peripheral surface 25 of the flange 24 and the housing 12 is in each case one to the flange 24 complementary formed elastic seal 26 is arranged.
• This thus has a radially inner conical or oblique peripheral surface 27, with the smaller diameter axially outside and the larger diameter axially inside.
• the seal 26 has a radially inwardly extending lip portion 29 which partially overlies the flange 24.
• the seal 26 is pre-installed at the lower end portion on a shoulder 28 of the housing 12.
• the housing 12 is initially open so that from there the filter assembly consisting of filter elements and potting compound can be inserted into the housing 12. A dimensional accuracy of the housing 12 and the filter assembly is assumed.
• the seal 26 is inserted between the flange 24 and the housing 12 in the upper end region.
• the housing 12 is then closed with a clamping piece 30 in the region of the flange 24 and the seal 26.
• the clamping piece 30 is preferably made of a resilient sheet, which may also be angled.
• the clamping piece 30 acts as a fixing plate or as a counter flange and acts on the seal 26 with an axial force.
• the interior of the housing 12 is protected against any penetrating liquid that is not guided in the longitudinal channels 18. Further information on the design of the regions of the seal 26 for improving or optimizing a sealing effect will follow later.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram for explaining the function of the conical seal 26 according to the present invention. All embodiments have in common that each of the conical peripheral surface 25 of the flange 24 is flush with the complementary formed peripheral surface 27 of the seal 26 is present. In this case, the seal 26 and the flange 24 preferably have a same axial extent of the conical surfaces 25 and 27. Thus, a sealing area is not punctiform as when using an O-ring, but the sealing area is realized by a surface, which causes an improvement in the sealing effect.
• the clamping piece 30 and the shoulder 28 act on the seal 30 with pressure, whereby the actual sealing effect between the flange 24 and seal 26 is formed.
• Figure 3 shows the conical seal 26 with five different configurations of the clamping piece 30.
• the different configurations of Figure 3 and the following figures may alternatively be selected as needed and serve to adjust the sealing effect of the filter device 10 to individual conditions of use.
• the clamping piece 30 is partially against the housing 12 and partially on the seal 26 and is attached to the housing 12 in a manner not shown, for example screwed.
• the seal 26 in Figure 3 projects beyond the flange 24 from the outside to the radially inward.
• An end-side outer surface of the seal 26 has annular and bead-like and concentric to the longitudinal axis of the filter device 10 and in cross-section semi-circular elevations 34.
• the housing 12 has on its front-side outer side also to the longitudinal axis of the filter device 10 concentric groove 36.
• a) of the clamping piece 30 has this to the elevations 34 complementary grooves 37, in which the elevations 34 are received in the installed position and thereby fix the seal 26.
• the groove 36 engages a corresponding elevation of the clamping piece 30, which also serves a fixing or centering of the clamping piece 30.
• a second embodiment b) of the clamping piece 30 this has an encircling and in cross-section in approximately semicircular groove 38 at the same height of the groove 36 of the housing 12, but arched opposite thereto, on.
• the two grooves 36, 38 thus form a circumferential and approximately circular in cross-section receiving space in the installed position, in which an O-ring 40 is inserted.
• a flat surface 42 of the clamping piece 30 At the elevations 34 is a flat surface 42 of the clamping piece 30 at.
• the flat surface 42 is offset from the embodiment b) axially outwardly.
• a fourth embodiment d) of the clamping piece 30 the flat surface 42 relative to the embodiment b) is axially inwardly offset (to the seal 26).
• the use of an O-ring is not mandatory, a corresponding circumferential groove is therefore missing.
• the entire surface of the clamping piece 30 is not structured but just designed and thus represents the simplest form of the clamping piece 30.
• Figures 4 and 5 show possible embodiments of the region of the seal 26 in the upper and in the lower end region of the filter device 10.
• the filter assembly consisting of filter elements 16 and flanges 26 is inserted in the lower end in a step of the housing 12, the seal 26 is located with an elevations 34 formed axially lower side on the shoulder 28 of the housing 12.
• the seal has axially outward or upward elevations 34 which abut the clamping piece 30 according to the embodiment d) of Figure 3.
• a sealing ring 46 is inserted with its angularly formed lower side, which bears with its round upper side formed on the planar part 42 of the clamping piece 30.
• the sprung clamping piece 30 acts on the elevations 34 and the sealing ring 46 with an axial compressive force.
• the filter assembly consisting of filter elements 16 and flanges 26 in the lower end region is placed flat on a portion 48 of the housing 12 at one edge; the seal 26 rests on the flat part 48 of the housing 12 with an axial end face formed with elevations 34. Also in the upper end region, the seal on axially outwardly circumferential bead-like elevations 34 which abut a clamping piece 30 according to the embodiment e) of Figure 3.
• the groove 36 of the housing 12 of the sealing ring 46 is inserted with its angularly formed lower side, which rests with its round upper side formed on the clamping piece 30 just formed.
• the sprung clamping piece 30 acts on the elevations 34 and the sealing ring 46 with an axial compressive force.
• FIGS. 6 to 10 show further design possibilities of the seal 26 with the clamping piece 30.
• the seal 26 has bead-like, circumferential and concentric axial elevations 34 on the axial axis of the filter device 34 (directed towards the clamping piece 30). on.
• the housing 12 has the rectangular cross-section groove 36 into which the O-ring 40 is inserted with some play.
• the newly formed clamping piece 30 (according to the embodiment e) of Figure 3) abuts the O-ring 40 and the elevations 34.
• the sprung clamping piece 30 acts on the elevations 34 and the O-ring 40 with an axial compressive force.
• the housing 12 has the rectangular cross-section groove 36, in which the sealing ring 46 is inserted with its angularly formed bottom side.
• the newly formed clamping piece 30 according to the embodiment e) of Figure 3 is applied to the round upper part of the sealing ring 46 and the elevations 34.
• the sprung clamping piece 30 acts on the elevations 34 and the sealing ring 46 with an axial compressive force.
• the filter device 10 according to the invention can be produced inexpensively by a manufacturing method described in the first part of this document.
• the assembly can also be done on site (on site).
• the choice of suitable embodiment of the region of the seal 26 can be determined by current conditions on site.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
• Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Gasket Seals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=46598565

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

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• 2011
  • 2011-08-10 DE DE102011080763A patent/DE102011080763A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-08-02 CN CN201280038909.5A patent/CN103747853A/zh active Pending
  • 2012-08-02 KR KR1020147006379A patent/KR20140079371A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-08-02 CA CA2844526A patent/CA2844526A1/en active Pending
  • 2012-08-02 JP JP2014524341A patent/JP6092866B2/ja active Active
  • 2012-08-02 US US14/238,155 patent/US9833745B2/en active Active
  • 2012-08-02 EP EP12741021.5A patent/EP2741844A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-08-02 SG SG2014010342A patent/SG2014010342A/en unknown
  • 2012-08-02 AU AU2012292985A patent/AU2012292985B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-08-02 WO PCT/EP2012/065138 patent/WO2013020887A1/de active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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