EP2740922B1 - Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé - Google Patents

Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2740922B1
EP2740922B1 EP12008152.6A EP12008152A EP2740922B1 EP 2740922 B1 EP2740922 B1 EP 2740922B1 EP 12008152 A EP12008152 A EP 12008152A EP 2740922 B1 EP2740922 B1 EP 2740922B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
ceramic material
assembly according
piston assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12008152.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2740922A1 (fr
Inventor
Anna Kerstin Dipl.-Ing. Usbeck
Dieter Prof. Dr.-Ing. Krause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Hamburg TUHH
Tutech Innovation GmbH
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Hamburg TUHH
Tutech Innovation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Hamburg TUHH, Tutech Innovation GmbH filed Critical Technische Universitaet Hamburg TUHH
Priority to EP12008152.6A priority Critical patent/EP2740922B1/fr
Publication of EP2740922A1 publication Critical patent/EP2740922A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2740922B1 publication Critical patent/EP2740922B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2270/00—Constructional features
    • F02G2270/40—Piston assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
    • F05C2251/048—Heat transfer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder-piston assembly operated with a closed working gas according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such cylinder-piston assemblies are used for example in heat engines such as hot gas engines, in particular Stirling engines, which are also offered in use in combined heat and power plants.
  • the Stirling engine is operated unlike internal combustion engines with a sealed gas.
  • the working process includes a heating phase and a cooling phase of the gas used.
  • the heat dissipation and supply takes place at locally different locations.
  • the (working) piston is thus operated on one side with high, on the other side with low temperature. This leads to following technical problem.
  • the piston must withstand a high temperature gradient over the axial extent, the piston must be thermally insulating and it must be operated and sealed due to the closed gas volume without additional lubricants.
  • the Stirling engine thus operates on the principle of a closed cycle and is an example of the energy conversion of a poorly usable form of energy (thermal energy) in the better usable form of energy of mechanical energy.
  • the Stirling engine can be operated with any external heat source, resulting in significant environmental benefits.
  • Out DE 1 940 526 is a tightly closed piston compressor known which works without lubrication.
  • An electromagnetic field operates the piston to prevent radial contact between the piston and the cylinder.
  • the use of electromagnetic fields is expensive.
  • a cylinder-piston assembly is off JP 2008 231949 known.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a cylinder-piston assembly operated with a closed working gas to provide, in which the piston and the cylinder are sealed against each other improved.
  • a cylinder-piston assembly in which for the piston at least two ceramic materials are combined with different thermal properties.
  • the sealing function can then be separated from the thermal insulation function.
  • a voltage-minimized connection of the ceramic components to a metallic basic construction can take place. It is advantageous to increase the service life and a lasting during the operating times high efficiency of the cylinder-piston assembly for performing mechanical work.
  • a portion of the piston acts thermally-insulating, another is designed with a thermally conductive ceramic. Due to the fact that the thermally conductive ceramic is arranged downstream of the thermally insulating ceramic, the thermally conductive ceramic is located on the colder side of the cylinder. This opens up the possibility of forming a sealing point that can be kept at a cold level.
  • the seal can be designed differently. Due to the lack of lubrication, however, u.a. a gap seal may be provided, i. a long gap between the piston and the cylinder inner wall, which is tightly tolerated. This is made possible by a suitable ceramic material selection, which allows for low start-up between stationary and moving components even in dry running.
  • a temperature gradient can be obtained which leads to a sealing surface cooled in relation to the heated cylinder space. At the same time it can be achieved that only small temperature differences between the piston and the cylinder inner wall occur in the region of the sealing surface. This prevents a different expansion of the components during operation. Thus, a narrow gap and thus a sufficiently small gas leakage is possible.
  • the thermally conductive ceramic simultaneously forms the sealing gap and can come into tribological contact with the stationary cylinder. It may therefore be provided that the cylinder a similar or identical ceramic material is made.
  • the thermally insulating ceramic material is subjected to high thermal loads, but can be made slightly smaller in diameter and can not come into tribological contact with stationary components.
  • the invention relates to a cylinder-piston assembly 1 operated with a closed working gas for forming a heat engine, preferably a Stirling engine, by external heat supply.
  • the external heat supply allows the use of a variety of heat sources, which includes in particular the external combustion.
  • Such hot gas engines have a high thermal efficiency.
  • a working gas for example, air, nitrogen, helium or hydrogen can be used. In order to gain mechanical work, the working gas is to be alternately heated and cooled and the volume change work to be given to the (working) piston.
  • the cylinder-piston assembly 1 has a double-acting piston 2 which is translationally movable in a cylinder 3.
  • the piston height h can be selected, if necessary, the cylinder height is adapted to it.
  • the operating principle of the cylinder-piston assembly 1 is determined by the fact that the working gas expands in a heated or hot cylinder space (expansion space) 4 and in a colder or cold cylinder chamber (compression space) 5 contracts again to volume change work on one end deliver with different temperatures operated piston 2.
  • the expansion chamber 4 and the compression chamber 5 are separated by a sealing point 10, which seals the translationally movable piston 2 in the cylinder 3. A mixing of the working gas from the expansion space 4 with the compression space 5 would lower the efficiency immediately.
  • the piston 2 may be connected via a piston rod 6 to a transmission (not shown).
  • the temperature of the working gas is selectable and is preferably in the range of 900 ° to -50 ° C.
  • the piston 2 is designed as a ceramic piston and comprises a heated or selectable heatable cylinder space (expansion space) 4 facing axial piston portion 7 of a thermally insulating ceramic material and a piston section 7 downstream, the sealing point 10 facing piston portion 8 of a thermally conductive ceramic material.
  • the piston 2 is consequently composed of at least two partial bodies or of several layers.
  • the composite piston 2 pursues the goal of dividing the piston 2 into different heat ranges.
  • the piston 2 should have a relatively low and preferably constant temperature in a preferably defined area.
  • the design of the piston 2 from at least two parts also allows a low heat conduction through the piston. 2
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the piston 2 comprises an upper, the expansion space. 4 facing piston portion 7, which is made of a thermally insulating ceramic material, whereas a lower, the compression chamber 5 facing piston portion 8 is made of a thermally conductive ceramic material.
  • This will set a high temperature gradient for the temperature T of the piston 2 in the insulating piston area of the piston portion 7, while in the lower piston area of the piston portion 8, the heat is dissipated quickly and thus the smallest possible temperature gradient occurs, as the diagram of Fig. 2 shows.
  • the transition region 9 between the two piston sections 7, 8 is the piston region where the sealing point 10 is formed.
  • the sealing point 10 can also be pulled into the piston portion 8, for which purpose the gap distance between the piston 2 and the inner wall 11 of the cylinder 3 should be as low as possible in order to avoid power losses. A narrow gap eliminates the need for additional guidance.
  • the cylinder and piston surfaces can be adapted to each other to make a clearance fit.
  • plain bearing bushings (not shown), for example made of silicon carbide, or segment guides can be used.
  • the seal for the sealing point 10 is selectable and can in a known manner, if necessary, assume leadership function for the piston 2 in the cylinder 3.
  • a gap leakage between the piston 2 and the inner wall 11 of the cylinder 3 is to be minimized in order to produce a high compression can.
  • this creates a high burden.
  • the thermal load is reduced.
  • a closely tolerated gap 12 can be formed between the inner wall 11 of the cylinder 3 and the piston 2 in order to minimize gas leakage between the work spaces expansion space 4 and compression space 5.
  • the at least two piston sections 7, 8 are in particular material or non-positively connectable by, for example, sintering, bonding or clamping.
  • the piston portion 7 of a thermally insulating ceramic material and the piston portion 8 of a thermally conductive ceramic material may be formed as ceramic sleeves which are fastened to each other to form a composite structure.
  • a hollow material for example, a solid material or a foamed material can be used.
  • An axial extension of the piston section 7 made of a thermally insulating ceramic material can be selected depending on a thermal depth step in which a predetermined temperature drop occurs (cf. Fig. 2 ).
  • the thermal depth stage can be determined by a temperature of the colder cylinder chamber 5.
  • An axial extent of the piston portion 8 of thermally conductive ceramic material can be up to the colder cylinder chamber 5 done.
  • the sealing and guiding surface 22 is the lateral surface of the piston portion 8. It can also only an axial portion of the lateral surface of the Piston section 8 may be formed as a sealing and guiding surface 22.
  • the sealing task is integrated in the cylinder-piston assembly 1. In this case, the working gas should at most only be able to flow past the piston 2 slightly and thus be compressed.
  • the advantages of this piston seal include low wear, long service life and lubrication-free operation. The leakage rate leads to a power loss during operation, so that it is to minimize.
  • the piston 2 here comprises the two piston sections 7, 8.
  • the heat transfer in the upper piston section 7 has been minimized by selecting the ceramic material and optionally the piston height h.
  • An adjustable large temperature gradient can be formed.
  • the piston portion 7 is made of zirconia, for example.
  • the lower piston portion 8 is made of silicon carbide, for example, and has it a high heat conduction.
  • the temperature gradient is characterized in the piston section 8 low and the thermal expansion in the entire piston section 8 almost constant.
  • the mating surface of the cylinder 3 is also made of silicon carbide, for example, so that the sealing and guiding surface 22 and the surface of the cylinder 3 may have the same coefficients of thermal expansion.
  • a good heat transfer can be achieved by a very narrow gap 12 (see. Fig. 1 ) and high conductivity of the materials is possible.
  • low coefficients of linear expansion of the materials facilitate the formation of a very narrow gap 12.
  • a clearance can be set between 0... 41 ⁇ m. The demand for such a narrow gap is due to the very strong increase in power loss.
  • the diameter of the upper piston portion 7 is preferably selected to be slightly smaller than that of the piston portion 8.
  • the diameter difference between the piston portion 7 and the piston portion 8 is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
  • the upper piston section 7 and the lower piston section 8 can be braced via a piston cover 13 with a piston head 14.
  • an expansion screw 15 can be screwed into the piston rod 6 in advance.
  • a closure cap 16 and a special nut 18 By means of a closure cap 16 and a special nut 18, the penetration of working gas into the piston 2 can be prevented, for which purpose additionally a flat gasket 17 can be provided. Tensioned ceramic is more resistant to pressure.
  • the upper and lower piston portion 7, 8 may each be made of several parts and made of different materials of the category thermal-insulating or thermal-conductive. Adjustable thermal depth stages for the upper piston portion 7 can be formed according to the application. The same applies to the thermally conductive lower piston portion 8, in particular if a choice of material is to be made for this in order to minimize the power loss due to a very narrow leakage gap 12.
  • thermally conductive ceramic material may preferably be provided silicon carbide or aluminum nitride.
  • thermal insulating ceramic material for example, alumina, zirconia or silicon nitride may be provided.
  • the insulating effect can be enhanced by targeted porosity. Due to the low thermal conductivity of the working gas, for example air, the gas inclusions provide an additional reduction in the thermal conductivity.
  • a field of application here are in particular small, decentralized combined heat and power plants.
  • the Stirling engine can also be used as a chiller. It is mechanically driven and transports heat from the cold to the hot area. It is a reverse cycle in this case.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé, qui se dilate dans une chambre de cylindre chauffée et se contracte à nouveau dans une chambre de cylindre plus froide par rapport à celle-ci pour émettre un travail de changement de volume à un piston actionné côté extrémité par différentes températures, et une zone d'étanchéité, qui étanchéifie le piston mobile en translation dans le cylindre, caractérisé en ce que le piston (2) est réalisé en tant que piston céramique, qui comprend une section de piston (7) axiale tournée vers la chambre de cylindre (4) chauffée, en un matériau céramique thermo-isolant et une section de piston (8) tournée vers la zone d'étanchéité (10), en aval de cette section de piston (7), en un matériau céramique thermo-conducteur.
  2. Module piston-cylindre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'enveloppe de la section de piston (8) en un matériau céramique thermo-conducteur forme au moins en partie une surface d'étanchéité et de guidage (22) en tant que zone d'étanchéité (10).
  3. Module piston-cylindre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la section de piston (7) en un matériau céramique thermo-isolant et la section de piston (8) en un matériau céramique thermo-conducteur sont réalisées en tant que manchons céramiques, qui peuvent être fixés l'un à l'autre pour la réalisation d'une construction composite (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18).
  4. Module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une extension axiale de la section de piston (7) en un matériau céramique thermo-isolant est sélectionnable en fonction d'un niveau de profondeur thermique, dans lequel une chute de température prédéterminée a lieu.
  5. Module piston-cylindre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de profondeur thermique est déterminé par une température de la chambre de cylindre plus froide (5).
  6. Module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une extension axiale de la section de piston (8) en un matériau céramique thermo-conducteur a lieu jusqu'à la chambre de cylindre plus froide (8).
  7. Module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que du carbure de silicium ou nitrure d'aluminium est prévu en tant que matériau céramique thermo-conducteur.
  8. Module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que de l'oxyde d'aluminium, de l'oxyde de zirconium ou du nitrure de silicium est prévu en tant que matériau céramique thermo-isolant.
  9. Module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le piston (2) transmet un travail mécanique à un entraînement par une tige de piston (6).
  10. Module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par une utilisation en tant que pompe à chaleur ou machine frigorifique.
  11. Moteur à gaz chaud avec au moins un module piston-cylindre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la section de piston (8) dispose pour la réalisation d'une surface d'étanchéité et de guidage (22) au niveau d'au moins une zone partielle de sa surface d'enveloppe un diamètre qui est supérieur au diamètre de la section de piston (7), et la différence de diamètre se trouve dans une plage de 0,1 à 0,5 mm.
EP12008152.6A 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé Active EP2740922B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12008152.6A EP2740922B1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12008152.6A EP2740922B1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2740922A1 EP2740922A1 (fr) 2014-06-11
EP2740922B1 true EP2740922B1 (fr) 2019-02-13

Family

ID=47602706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12008152.6A Active EP2740922B1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2740922B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3114621B3 (fr) * 2020-09-29 2022-09-02 Benjamin Dupas Moteur à cycle Stirling

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1587672A (fr) 1968-08-09 1970-03-27
JPH09152211A (ja) * 1995-11-30 1997-06-10 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 外燃機関のピストン
JP3796498B2 (ja) * 2003-10-30 2006-07-12 独立行政法人 宇宙航空研究開発機構 スターリングエンジン
JP2008231949A (ja) * 2007-03-16 2008-10-02 Sharp Corp スターリング機関およびスターリング機関搭載機器

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2740922A1 (fr) 2014-06-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE19909689B4 (de) Kolbenmotor mit kontinuierlicher Verbrennung
DE102008050655B4 (de) Abgasanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge mit integrierter Wärmekraftmaschine
WO2014187558A2 (fr) Procédé et moteur thermique pour exploiter des dégagement de chaleur ou de l'énergie géothermique
EP2986837B1 (fr) Machine à pistons et son procédé de fonctionnement
EP2740922B1 (fr) Module piston-cylindre actionné par un gaz de travail enfermé
DE102008011456B4 (de) Pumpe für kryogene Flüssigkeiten
DE10001460A1 (de) Pulsrohr-Leistungsverstärker und Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
EP2977587A1 (fr) Système de suralimentation à ondes de pression
DE102008050653B4 (de) Wärmekraftmaschine nach dem Pulsröhrenprinzip
EP3596309B1 (fr) Moteur à pistons axiaux et système à cycle
EP3301287A1 (fr) Moteur à cycle fermé de type stirling à piston flottant à double action pourvu de générateur linéaire
DE102015101726B4 (de) Stirlingmaschine sowie Anordnung zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie
DE102010017943A1 (de) Wärmekraftmaschine mit isochor-isobarem Kreisprozess
EP2711509A2 (fr) Procédé et moteur à combustion interne permettant de rendre exploitable les rejets thermiques ou la chaleur géothermique
EP2703630A1 (fr) Chemise cylindre pour un moteur à combustion
DE102021102648B4 (de) Kolbenkompressor, insbesondere für eine Wärmepumpe
DE102009020417A1 (de) Thermoelektrischer Wandler sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
DE102018132048A1 (de) Kolbenmaschine
DE102017123119A1 (de) Hubkolben-Expansionsmaschine, insbesondere Dampfmotor und Arbeitszylinder hierfür
DE102020117899A1 (de) Schmiermittelreservoir, Kompressor-System sowie Wärmepumpe
DE102012108195A1 (de) Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe
DE2838670A1 (de) Dampfkraftanlage
AT515218A4 (de) Heißgasmotor
DE418067C (de) Abgaswaermeverwertung
EP2562351A1 (fr) Moteur à vapeur

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20121206

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

R17P Request for examination filed (corrected)

Effective date: 20141210

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F02G 1/053 20060101AFI20180601BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180703

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1096362

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502012014250

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: DR. LUSUARDI AG, CH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20190213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190613

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190513

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190513

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190514

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190613

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502012014250

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20191114

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20191231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20191206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191206

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191206

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191206

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20121206

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190213

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20221222

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20221222

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20221213

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230227

Year of fee payment: 11

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230524