EP2739712A1 - Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets

Info

Publication number
EP2739712A1
EP2739712A1 EP12743384.5A EP12743384A EP2739712A1 EP 2739712 A1 EP2739712 A1 EP 2739712A1 EP 12743384 A EP12743384 A EP 12743384A EP 2739712 A1 EP2739712 A1 EP 2739712A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
agitator
water
treatment plant
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12743384.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georg Gibis
Georg PERSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZWECKVERBAND ABFALLBEHANDLUNG KAHLENBERG
Original Assignee
ZWECKVERBAND ABFALLBEHANDLUNG KAHLENBERG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZWECKVERBAND ABFALLBEHANDLUNG KAHLENBERG filed Critical ZWECKVERBAND ABFALLBEHANDLUNG KAHLENBERG
Priority to EP12743384.5A priority Critical patent/EP2739712A1/fr
Publication of EP2739712A1 publication Critical patent/EP2739712A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B02C17/1815—Cooling or heating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/02—Feeding devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the treatment of waste in a mechanical or mechanical-biological waste treatment plant, and to an apparatus for the mechanical or mechanical-biological treatment of waste.
  • Waste in particular municipal waste and household waste, may only be disposed of in a landfill since 2005 if it has been pretreated in Germany.
  • waste is treated thermally in a traditional waste incineration plant, the residues from incineration can safely comply with the allocation values for DepV.
  • waste can be treated mechanically-biologically.
  • this technology also enables the recovery of recyclable fractions (metals, plastics) and the conversion into otherwise usable material flows (eg quality-assured material flows)
  • Substitute fuels is becoming increasingly important. Separate allocation values apply to the disposal of residues that can no longer be used in the mechanical-biological treatment of municipal waste.
  • waste in particular household waste with organic components
  • Treated composting or fermentation of the remaining more organic fraction by separating coarser components and Treated composting or fermentation of the remaining more organic fraction.
  • the separated coarser components are recycled as a rule substitute fuels, the remaining portion is fed in many cases a final rotting and
  • EP 0 937 504 A2 discloses a process for recycling residual household waste, in which a large part of the organic substances contained is utilized for energy.
  • a division into coarse and fines is carried out in a first step, wherein the coarse materials are divided into contaminants and recyclables.
  • the fines are subjected to a biological treatment.
  • the extracted water is used to produce biogas.
  • the resulting solids are used as a substitute fuel upon completion of biological drying and separation of non-combustible and inert fractions.
  • a disadvantage of this method is a comparatively large use of water, the water drains easily clogged by penetrating waste, which requires a high technical effort to clean and keep the processes.
  • the object of the invention is to homogenize wastes, possibly after passing through a preceding biological precursor, in order to ensure a high and constant quality of substitute fuels to be produced therefrom. Furthermore, the consistency of the treated waste should be optimally adjusted for the further treatment steps. In this case, the biogenic fraction of the material obtained from the waste, ie the organics, should be preserved as far as possible or used ecologically advantageous. Furthermore, the system should be safe and manageable at all times. Disclosure of the invention
  • a process for the treatment of waste in a mechanical or mechanical-biological waste treatment plant comprising the following process steps: a) introduction of waste into the waste treatment plant at least one
  • the waste treatment plant is divided into at least two zones and in each zone the consistency of the waste is regulated separately by the entry of waste and / or adding or removing water ,
  • the waste comes from an upstream biological treatment plant or from a waste bunker and are entered from there, for example with a conveyor belt, a screw conveyor or a crane at a point of entry of the treatment plant.
  • the introduction of the waste can be carried out continuously or discontinuously as needed.
  • the proposed waste treatment plant is preferably designed as a multi-zone reactor (MZR).
  • the MZR has a reactor vessel designed as an elongated trough, wherein the reactor vessel is divided into at least two zones and each of these zones may have its own entry point.
  • the MZR includes at one end of the trough a discharge point where the treated waste is removed.
  • the transport of waste introduced into the waste treatment plant takes place by means of filling level compensation, that is to say the waste flows without external drive from the at least one entry point in the direction of the at least one discharge point. If the waste treatment plant is designed with several entry points can be set by the choice of the used entry point the treatment duration of the introduced waste.
  • wastes which are suitable for further treatment without significant residence time in the waste treatment plant such as homogeneous fibrous materials or sludges, are added via a close to the discharge point entry point.
  • an agitator is arranged, which homogenizes the introduced waste.
  • the consistency of the waste is regulated by adjusting the water content.
  • the adjustment of the water content is carried out separately in each zone.
  • water can be added or removed, or further waste can be introduced.
  • a zone where the water content of the waste is too low, either water or, if available, waste having a higher water content than the waste already present in the zone concerned, such as high biogenic fraction waste (eg B.
  • waste in a given zone has too high a proportion of water, either drier waste, ie waste which has a lower water content than the waste already in the zone, is introduced, or excess water is removed.
  • the waste treatment plant is designed as a multi-zone reactor and divided into three zones. In the first zone is an intense
  • Irrigation of the waste introduced.
  • the aim is to produce a pulpy consistency with a water content of about 70%.
  • For irrigation preferably circulating water (wastewater from a water treatment, treated process water, process water) is used. This minimizes the amount of waste water, which saves resources. But it can also be used fresh water.
  • the desired water content of about 70% should be maintained during the entire residence time of the waste. For this purpose, the consistency or the water content of the waste is readjusted with the measures already described above.
  • a defined drier consistency with a water content of about 60% is aimed at before discharge of the waste.
  • Waste level must not be reduced during the treatment of the waste
  • the waste to be treated is supplied with the water in areas in which the waste has been loosened by the agitator and / or as a result of the breaking up of clumps and / or caking.
  • the agitator and the breaking up of the clumps and / or caking furrows in the waste through which introduced water can easily penetrate into deeper layers. The introduction of water in these areas facilitates the production of a uniform water content in the waste.
  • the introduced waste is mixed.
  • the introduced waste is selectively comminuted by the agitator according to step b).
  • the crushing effect of the agitator is effective only on softer materials, preferably biogenic nature such as biowaste. Hard materials pass through the waste treatment plant without being crushed.
  • the transport of the waste from the at least one entry point to the at least one discharge point is effected by level level compensation. The waste flows due to locally different filling heights without external influence to the at least one discharge point.
  • the movement of the agitator supports the transport of the waste.
  • the flow direction of the waste does not depend on the direction of rotation of the agitator.
  • the support of the flow movement takes place by shaking and / or paddling through the agitator. Since no feed elements are arranged on the agitator in order to support the transport, the direction of flow of the waste is not influenced by the direction of rotation of the agitator. Since the direction of rotation of the agitator can be adjusted independently of waste transport, the
  • the power requirement of the agitator is determined to determine the consistency of the waste in the waste treatment plant. At low water content, the waste has a tough material consistency and cause great shear forces during mixing and stirring. The power requirement for turning the
  • Agitator shaft is large. At a high water content, however, the waste has a pulpy to liquid consistency and the shear forces are smaller. The power required to rotate the agitator shaft is lower in this case. The force required to rotate the agitator shaft can be determined, for example, via the current consumption of the drive of the agitator.
  • the determination of the consistency of the waste takes place optically, in particular via a camera.
  • the camera image can be displayed for example on a monitor in a control room, where it can be inspected by the operating personnel.
  • an automatic computer-aided image analysis and / or the use of other sensor types are also possible.
  • Consistency combines several processes, so for example, monitors the power consumption of the agitator and visually assessed the consistency of the waste.
  • Another aspect of the invention is the provision of a device for
  • the apparatus is preferably designed as a multi-zone reactor (MZR) and comprises a horizontal reactor vessel, a discharge point at one end of the reactor vessel and a horizontal agitator, the reactor vessel being divided into at least two zones, and each zone having means for supplying water has at least one zone is provided with an entry point and disposed in at least one zone means for withdrawing water.
  • the reactor vessel preferably has a rounded cross-section, in particular a circular arc-shaped cross-section, at least in the lower reactor vessel half.
  • the reactor vessel is arranged horizontally, in which description also a slight inclination of the reactor vessel in the flow direction of up to three degrees from the term horizontal is encompassed. Such a slight inclination of the cylindrical
  • Reactor tank can be provided to support waste transport. A significantly greater inclination is not preferred because otherwise a defined long residence time of the water and the waste introduced is no longer guaranteed.
  • the reactor vessel of the MZR is airtight to avoid unwanted emissions and odor nuisance. So that no explosive atmosphere can form in the air space above the fill level in the reactor vessel, the device according to the invention further comprises means for supplying air and / or an inert gas and means for removing exhaust air.
  • the means for supplying the air are arranged at or in the vicinity of the first entry point.
  • Closure arranged to close the entry point. The closure of the
  • Entry point is preferably designed as a slide. The closeability of the
  • Entry points makes it easier to carry out the reactor vessel gas-tight and helps in this way to avoid unwanted emissions.
  • the closure of one or more entry points is designed as a flap.
  • Other closure designs, for example in the form of a removable lid are also possible, with a gas-tight
  • Embodiment of the closure is preferred.
  • at least one of the closures for closing an entry point is equipped with means for supplying air. If the closure is designed as a slide, the supply air quantity is controlled by the position of the slide.
  • the means for removing water are designed as shafts in the ground, wherein slides are arranged on the shafts for closing these shafts.
  • the shafts are preferably arranged at the lowest point of the cylindrical reactor vessel and covered with a grid or sieve. This avoids that larger pieces of waste can penetrate into the shafts.
  • the slides allow opening and closing the removal of water from the inside
  • valves are opened and liquid can penetrate through the grid in the shaft.
  • the individual shafts are preferably connected to a central outlet via a suitable unit, preferably a time-clocked spiral.
  • a pressure-resistant slide is arranged at the discharge point, wherein the pressure resistance is dimensioned such that the slide can retain all materials and waste in the reactor container in any operating state.
  • This gate valve is an important safety measure to ensure that no waste and / or liquids can escape from the MZR in an uncontrolled manner. This could occur, for example, if the water content in the waste is too high.
  • the pressure-resistant slide allows the water-waste mixture to be retained until, by removing water through the wells, a consistency required for controlled sampling is restored.
  • the slides, which cover the shafts for the removal of water, thus represent an important safety measure.
  • the bottom opening in the reactor container for the material discharge is preferably rectangular and arranged directly on the rear end wall of the cylinder, so that no projection remains between the container walls and the bottom opening.
  • Embodiments of the reactor vessel in which the rear end wall is bent it is preferred that the bottom opening deviating from a strict
  • Waste treatment plant treated waste understood.
  • Waste treatment plant treated waste understood.
  • the device are on the agitator
  • the agitator arms help homogenize, mix and selectively dispose of waste.
  • the wear protection elements reduce material abrasion on the agitator and thus extend the service life.
  • means for breaking up clots and material caking are arranged in at least one zone.
  • These means are preferably designed rod-shaped and / or sword-shaped and arranged starting from the ceiling and / or from a wall in the interior.
  • the means for supplying water are designed as openings in the ceiling of the container. The water gets out of these
  • the means for supplying water are arranged in the region of the agitator arms and / or, if present, in the region of the means for breaking up material clots and caking. Since, as already described, water can penetrate deep into the trash through trenches caused by the agitator arms, this measure promotes uniform wetting of the waste.
  • the device further comprises means for optical monitoring of the interior. These can be designed, for example, as a camera. By this means, an assessment of the consistency of the waste contained in the MZR is made possible by optical means. Advantages of the invention The inventive method is during mixing and
  • Homogenizing water is only taken from the process if the waste is too high in water content. As a result, a high residence time of the water is achieved in the process and the total water flow is lowered. Furthermore, a high proportion of organic matter remains in the waste, so that the substitute fuel produced from it later has a high biogenic content. In addition, if waste with a lower water content than the one currently in the tank is available, the overall water content can be lowered by introducing this drier waste. Since only little water is taken from the process, only a small amount of water needs to be removed
  • Treatment period of the waste to be regulated.
  • homogeneous fibrous or muddy wastes which only require a short residence time in the waste treatment plant, can be introduced into the waste treatment plant at a point of entry located close to a discharge point. This can optimize the effective processing capacity of the waste treatment plant.
  • Another effect results from the fact that a smaller amount of exhaust air has to be treated in order to avoid undesired emissions and odor nuisance in the environment of the waste treatment plant.
  • Material accumulation ensures improved homogenization of the waste and guarantees a consistent quality of the resulting substitute fuel.
  • the preferred introduction of water into the areas that have been loosened by the agitator arms or when breaking up clumps, ensures that the water can easily and completely penetrate the material.
  • the contact between waste and water is considerably improved and the release of pollutants from the waste is facilitated.
  • the organic components can be uniformly distributed in the entire material during homogenization.
  • the coarse structures of the material are retained.
  • the coarse material structures ensure a good ventilation of the material in a subsequent biological drying. This ensures a uniform drying result and a consistent quality of the recovered fuel from the material.
  • the intended visual inspection of the interior of the reactor vessel makes it possible, on the one hand, to easily deduce the consistency of the material and, on the other hand, possible critical system conditions can be easily identified and remedied.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment variant of the waste treatment plant according to the invention, having three zones, in a view from the side,
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of the invention
  • waste treatment plant comprising three zones, in a view from above,
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through the waste treatment plant according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through the waste treatment plant according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a section through a further embodiment of FIG
  • Inventive waste treatment plant at the level of a discharge in a view from the front.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the invention
  • Waste treatment plant in a representation from the side to take.
  • Figure 1 shows a reactor vessel 10, which is designed as a horizontal container.
  • the length of the reactor vessel 10 is typically in the range of 20m to 30m.
  • the cross section of the reactor vessel is preferably round, in particular designed as a circular area.
  • the diameter of the container 10 is between 3 m and 6 m.
  • In the upper area in addition to rounded geometries, also angular, for example rectangular, geometries are possible. Examples are given in subsequent views from the beginning.
  • the reactor vessel 10 receives an agitator shaft 20, which the
  • the agitator shaft 20 breaks through the end wall 18 and the rear wall 19.
  • a stirrer drive 24 is arranged on the agitator shaft 20. Through him the agitator 29 is rotatable in both directions.
  • the agitator drive 24 can also be arranged in the region of the rear wall 19. Also possible
  • Agitator drive is arranged.
  • the agitator shaft 20 is coated with a wear protection 26.
  • the agitator 29 is not only protected by a kind of armor of the agitator arms 22 from wear, but it is generated on the agitator shaft 20 by axially mounted metal ribs a controlled waste deposition.
  • agitator shaft 20 Corrosion on the agitator shaft 20 itself avoided.
  • a plurality of agitator arms 22 are distributed over the entire length of the reactor vessel 10.
  • the agitator arms 22 are arranged equidistant from each other.
  • waste 12 is mixed.
  • the agitator arms 22 are arranged in different directions on the agitator shaft 20. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, two adjacent ones are included
  • the invention also other orientations are possible.
  • the rotation of the orientation of the agitator arms 22 may be a multiple of 180 °.
  • the waste treatment plant 1 is designed as a multi-zone reactor (MZR) and divided into three zones 15, 16, 17.
  • MZR multi-zone reactor
  • an opening 40, 42, 44 arranged for the waste entry.
  • the intended for the waste entry in the first zone 15 opening 40 it is arranged at a distance 46 to the end wall 18.
  • a slider 41, 43, 45 provided for closing the entry openings 40, 42, 44 of each opening.
  • Exhaust air is taken from the reactor vessel 10 via an air vent 54 located near the rear wall 19 of the reactor vessel 10.
  • an air flow is generated in the direction indicated by reference 52. Due to the steady flow of air flammable gases are removed from the air space 56, so that no
  • openings for the water entry 30, 32, 34 are arranged distributed over the entire length of the reactor vessel 10 and over all zones 15, 16, 17.
  • the openings for the water entry 30, 32, 34 are arranged flush with the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1.
  • the openings for the water inlet 30, 32, 34 in the form of tubes, which partially project into the interior of the reactor vessel 10, designed.
  • Reactor vessel 10 means for removal of excess water 79 arranged. These means 79 include wells 70, 73 which are covered with a sieve 71, 74 to prevent the ingress of waste into the wells 70, 73. To control the Water outlet slides 72, 75 attached to the wells 70, 73, with which the wells 70, 73 can be sealed tight. Water withdrawn from the reactor vessel 10 is collected via the shafts 70, 73 in a central water drain, which in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is designed as a spiral 78. With the spiral 78, unlike a common tube, water with a large amount of floating and suspended matter and other suspended substances can be reliably discharged. The flow direction of the water is indicated by the arrows 76.
  • a bottom opening 60 is arranged in the region of the rear wall 19 on the underside of the container 10.
  • the bottom opening 60 preferably connects directly to the rear wall 19 and is preferably provided with a rectangular cross-section.
  • a discharge unit 61 connects below the bottom opening 60.
  • the discharge unit is designed as a double trough screw 62.
  • Other possible embodiments for the discharge unit 61 include double spirals, simple trough screws or simple spirals.
  • Double trough screw 62 is located in the bottom of a discharge opening 64.
  • a pressure-resistant slide 66 is further attached to the discharge unit 61.
  • the compressive strength of the slider 66 is chosen so that it is able to retain the waste 12 in each operating state of the waste treatment plant 1 according to the invention.
  • a camera 84 is mounted in the reactor vessel 10. In the illustrated in Figure 1
  • the camera 84 is mounted in the region of the rear wall 19 on the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10. In other embodiments, an arrangement of the camera in other areas of the reactor vessel 10 is possible. Besides the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10, the upper portions of the walls are also adapted to receive the camera 84. Also conceivable is an embodiment of the
  • Waste treatment plant 1 in which several cameras are mounted inside the reactor vessel 10.
  • the roll cutters 80 are preferably designed bar, wedge or heavy and preferably fixed to the ceiling.
  • the waste treatment plant 1 shown in Figure 1 is designed as a MZR and has three different zones 15, 16, 17 with different tasks or
  • the agitator arms 22 In the first zone 15 of the MZR intensive irrigation of the introduced waste 12.
  • the water is applied via the valves 31 and the openings in the ceiling 30 on the introduced waste 12.
  • the agitator arms 22 By rotation of the agitator shaft 20, the agitator arms 22 begin to homogenize and selectively disintegrate the waste 12.
  • the water inlet openings 30 are located directly above the agitator arms 22 in the first zone 15.
  • the water flows directly through the trenches created by the agitator arms 22 in the waste 12 and thus can penetrate deeply into the Waste 12 penetrate.
  • the aim is a strong mushy consistency of the waste 12 with a water content of about 70%. An indication of the consistency of the waste 12 provides the power requirement of the agitator drive 24.
  • the agitator 24 an increased power requirement for the rotation of the agitator 29 is detected. If the water content is too high, correspondingly lower forces occur or a lower power requirement is measured than in normal operation.
  • level level compensation the introduced material 12 flows in the direction indicated by the reference numeral 13 further into the second zone 16. For the flow from the first zone 15 into the second zone 16 of the introduced waste 12 takes up to one day.
  • circulation waters processes waters or industrial waters
  • the supply of fresh water is possible, but is not preferred because externally supplied fresh water the
  • Biogas plant for aftertreatment be supplied.
  • Another way to reduce the water content of the waste 12 is the addition of waste having a lower water content than the waste 12 located in the reactor vessel 10.
  • This drier waste can be introduced via the opening 42 directly into the second zone 16.
  • water can be introduced through the openings for the water inlet 32 in the ceiling by opening the valves 33. Since in the illustrated embodiment 16 roll cutters 80 are installed in the second zone 16, it is preferable to arrange the openings for the water entry 32 in the area of the roll cutters 80. The roll cutter 80 loosen the waste 12 and thus facilitate the entry of water.
  • waste can again be introduced via the introduction opening 42, which has a greater water content than the waste 12 in the interior of the reactor vessel 10. Examples are waste with high biogenic
  • the third zone 17 of the MCR represents a pre-drainage zone prior to the downstream discharge.
  • the pulpy consistency of waste 12 having a water content of about 70% is reduced to a defined drier consistency with a water content of about 60%.
  • the reduced water content ensures optimal or consistent downstream solid-liquid separation. Since a drier consistency of the waste 12 exerts greater forces on the agitator 29, it is preferable to provide openings for the water inlet 34 in the third zone 17 in order to reduce the forces that occur, if necessary, by introducing water. Excess water is again discharged through shafts 73 in the ground.
  • the waste 12 Via the bottom opening 60, the waste 12 finally reaches the discharge unit 61, from where it is conveyed via the double trough screw 62 to the discharge opening 64.
  • the treated waste can be supplied to a device for drying the waste, where it
  • Waste treatment plant 1 as MZR with a division into three zones 15, 16, 17 and arranged in the respective zones openings for the waste entry 40, 42, 44, different waste at different locations in the
  • Waste treatment plant 1 are entered to optimize their treatment time.
  • the supply of customary residual household waste preferably takes place.
  • the second zone 16 for example, waste, the
  • waste is preferably introduced, which is already largely homogeneous and
  • Waste treatment plant 1 are suitable, such as fibrous materials or
  • Agitator drive 24 can reduce the consistency of the waste 12 inside the
  • Reactor vessel 10 are also examined via the camera 84. This makes it possible, at any time from the control center, to take regulating measures such as re-watering or draining excess water, regardless of the prevailing power consumption. This is also advantageous because a defined current consumption does not necessarily have to correlate with a specific water content in the waste 12, but also by other factors (for example special
  • Waste composition due to seasonal variations or the origin of the waste due to seasonal variations or the origin of the waste.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the invention
  • Waste treatment plant shown in a view from above.
  • FIG. 2 the cylindrical container 10 of the waste treatment plant 1 is shown from above.
  • the agitator 29 with its agitator shaft 20 passes through the entire length of the reactor vessel 10 from the end wall 18 to the rear wall 19. Outside of the reactor vessel 10 in the region of the end wall 18, the agitator drive 24 is arranged. Inside the container 10 are on the agitator shaft 20 of the
  • Wear protection 26 and the agitator arms 22 are arranged.
  • the agitator arms 22 are distributed equidistantly over the entire length of the reactor vessel 10. The direction that the agitator arms 22 show is again chosen differently.
  • the waste treatment plant 1 shown in Figure 2 is again designed as MZR and the reactor vessel 10 is divided into three zones 15, 16, 17.
  • openings for the waste entry 40, 42, 44 are provided, and openings for the water entry 30, 32, 34.
  • the opening for the waste entry 40 in the first zone 15 is arranged at a distance 46 to the end wall 18 to to prevent premature wear of the end wall 18.
  • one of the agitator arms 22 is in each case arranged directly under one of the openings for the waste entry 40, 42, 44.
  • the openings for the water inlet 30 and 34 are also located above each Rlickwerksarm 22.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention
  • Waste treatment plant in a view from above.
  • FIG. 3 shows the reactor vessel 10 of the waste treatment plant 1.
  • the agitator 29 extends over the entire length of the cylindrical reactor vessel 10 from the end face 18 to the rear wall 19.
  • the agitator again a stirrer drive 24, a
  • Reactor vessel 0 is again subdivided into three zones 15, 16, 17 due to the design as MZR and has different openings in the ceiling.
  • an opening for the waste entry 40 is arranged centrally above the agitator 29 at a distance 46 from the end wall 18 in the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10.
  • the openings for the water entry 30 in the first zone 15 are shown in FIG.
  • Embodiment while still at the level of one of the agitator arms 22, but arranged offset from the center of the reactor vessel 10. In the region of the second zone 16 are again starting from the ceiling on one side of the agitator 29th
  • Roller cutter 80 is arranged.
  • the openings for the water entry 32 in the second zone 16 are in turn at the level of the roll cutter 80, but also offset from the center of the reactor vessel 10 attached.
  • the openings for the water inlet 34 are also not mounted directly above the agitator 29, but each in the range of one of the agitator arms 22.
  • the opening for the waste entry 44 in the third zone 17 is in the illustrated in Figure 3
  • the bottom opening 60 which connects directly to the rear wall 19.
  • the bottom opening 60 has a rectangular cross section as in the previous embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the waste treatment plant according to the invention according to FIG. 2 along the line marked IV in a representation from the front.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through the waste treatment plant 1 according to the invention at the level of the roll cutters 80 in the second zone 16
  • Wear protection 26 is attached.
  • the direction of rotation of the agitator 29 is indicated by the arrow designated by reference numeral 28. While the waste 12 is processed inside the reactor vessel 10, the rotational direction of the agitator shaft 20 is changed several times. This will avoid long fibers, films and the like can wind around the agitator shaft 20.
  • the roll cutter 80 Starting from the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10, the roll cutter 80 are arranged. The roll cutters 80 prevent the entire material 12 from rotating as a single cylindrical roll together with the agitator shaft 20. In the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10, one of the openings for the water entry 32 in the second zone 16 can be seen.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section at the point marked V in the waste treatment plant shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows the cross-section of the reactor vessel 10.
  • the cross-section of the reactor vessel 10 is round, in particular, as shown here, designed in a nearly circular arc shape.
  • the agitator shaft 20 with the wear protection 26 can be seen.
  • one of the agitator arms 22 can be seen.
  • one of the shafts 73 is for removal of
  • the shaft 73 is in turn covered with a grid 74 and can be sealed by a slider 75.
  • the grid 74 and the slider 75 are designed plan and do not follow the rounding of the reactor vessel 10.
  • the withdrawn water is discharged via the spiral 78. In the ceiling of the reactor vessel 10, one of the openings for the waste entry 44 can be seen.
  • FIG. 6 shows a section along the line marked VI in the illustration of the waste treatment plant according to FIG.
  • the reactor vessel 10 has a substantially circular cross-section.
  • the agitator shaft 20 with the wear protection 26 and one of the agitator arms 22 can be seen.
  • the bottom opening 60 In the lower region of the reactor vessel 10 is the bottom opening 60, through which the waste 12 can get into the discharge unit 61. From there, the waste 12 is transported to the discharge opening 64 via the discharge unit 61, which is preferably designed as a double-trough screw 62.
  • the agitator arm 22 arranged directly above the bottom opening 60 supports the flow of the waste 12 in the direction of the discharge unit 61.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement de déchets (12) dans une installation (1) de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets. Ce procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : a) introduction de déchets (12) dans l'installation (1) de traitement de déchets dans au moins une zone d'entrée (40, 42, 44), b) homogénéisation des déchets (12) par au moins un agitateur (29), c) détermination de la consistance des déchets (12) dans l'installation (1) de traitement de déchets, d) addition d'eau ou de déchets qui présentent une teneur en eau plus grande que les déchets (12) dans l'installation (1) de traitement de déchets, lorsque la teneur en eau des déchets (12) dans l'installation (1) de traitement de déchets est trop faible, ou retrait d'eau ou addition de déchets présentant une teneur en eau faible lorsque la teneur en eau des déchets (12) est trop élevée, e) transport des déchets introduits (12) jusqu'au moins une zone de déchargement (64), f) retrait des déchets, l'installation (1) de traitement de déchets étant subdivisée en au moins deux zones (15, 16, 17) et, dans chaque zone (15, 16, 17), la consistance des déchets (12) étant ajustée de façon séparée par l'entrée de déchets et/ou l'addition ou le retrait d'eau. L'invention concerne également un dispositif pour la mise en œuvre du procédé.
EP12743384.5A 2011-08-01 2012-07-25 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets Withdrawn EP2739712A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12743384.5A EP2739712A1 (fr) 2011-08-01 2012-07-25 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11176112 2011-08-01
EP11007924.1A EP2554638B1 (fr) 2011-08-01 2011-09-29 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique des déchets
PCT/EP2012/003161 WO2013017224A1 (fr) 2011-08-01 2012-07-25 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets
EP12743384.5A EP2739712A1 (fr) 2011-08-01 2012-07-25 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets

Publications (1)

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EP2739712A1 true EP2739712A1 (fr) 2014-06-11

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EP11007924.1A Active EP2554638B1 (fr) 2011-08-01 2011-09-29 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique des déchets
EP12743384.5A Withdrawn EP2739712A1 (fr) 2011-08-01 2012-07-25 Procédé et dispositif de traitement mécanique ou mécanique-biologique de déchets

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US (1) US9708559B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2554638B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103890149B (fr)
BR (1) BR112014002566B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2842986C (fr)
PL (1) PL2554638T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013017224A1 (fr)

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NL1040425C2 (nl) 2013-10-02 2015-04-07 Technologies Holding B V D Werkwijze en inrichting voor het scheiden van lichtere deeltjes en zwaardere deeltjes.
US11180391B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2021-11-23 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
US11033940B2 (en) 2015-11-02 2021-06-15 Anaergia B.V. Method and device for processing solid waste
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CN115353266B (zh) * 2022-09-16 2023-03-21 北京铁路物资有限公司物资供应分公司 一种用于生物处理废物的吸污装置及其工艺

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103890149B (zh) 2016-12-28
EP2554638A1 (fr) 2013-02-06
PL2554638T3 (pl) 2019-12-31
CA2842986C (fr) 2018-08-14
US20140203120A1 (en) 2014-07-24
US9708559B2 (en) 2017-07-18
EP2554638B1 (fr) 2019-05-08
WO2013017224A1 (fr) 2013-02-07
CA2842986A1 (fr) 2013-02-07
BR112014002566A2 (pt) 2017-02-21
CN103890149A (zh) 2014-06-25
BR112014002566B1 (pt) 2019-10-22

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