EP2737977B1 - In einer Richtung wirkender Ratschenschlüssel - Google Patents

In einer Richtung wirkender Ratschenschlüssel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2737977B1
EP2737977B1 EP12195169.3A EP12195169A EP2737977B1 EP 2737977 B1 EP2737977 B1 EP 2737977B1 EP 12195169 A EP12195169 A EP 12195169A EP 2737977 B1 EP2737977 B1 EP 2737977B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
rotor
torque tool
pawls
angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12195169.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2737977A1 (de
Inventor
Yi-Min Wu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Matatakitoyo Tool Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Matatakitoyo Tool Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matatakitoyo Tool Co Ltd filed Critical Matatakitoyo Tool Co Ltd
Priority to ES12195169.3T priority Critical patent/ES2565854T3/es
Priority to EP12195169.3A priority patent/EP2737977B1/de
Priority to PL12195169T priority patent/PL2737977T3/pl
Priority to SI201230478T priority patent/SI2737977T1/sl
Publication of EP2737977A1 publication Critical patent/EP2737977A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2737977B1 publication Critical patent/EP2737977B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/465—Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an internally toothed ring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a one-way torque tool and, more particularly, to a one-way torque tool that requires a small angle of neutral rotation before active rotation can be executed again.
  • a conventional torque tool is often used to drive a nut or screw.
  • a wrench may be used to drive a nut or screw.
  • a screwdriver may be used to drive a screw.
  • An Allen key may be used to drive a screw.
  • a one-way torque tool is often used to drive a nut or screw in a limited space.
  • a one-way torque tool may be a one-way (or "ratchet") wrench or screwdriver.
  • a one-way wrench includes a handle extending from a hollow head, a rotor rotationally placed in the head, and a one-way driving unit or transmission arranged between the head and the rotor.
  • a one-way screwdriver includes a handle, a rotor rotationally placed in the handle, and a one-way driving unit or transmission arranged between the handle and the rotor.
  • the one-way transmission generally includes a pawl pivotally connected to the head or handle and a toothed wheel co-axially connected to the rotor.
  • rotor In operation, then rotor is engaged with a nut or screw via a socket for example, and the handle is rotated to and fro.
  • the rotor is driven by the handle via the one-way transmission as the pawl is engaged with the toothed wheel when the handle is rotated in an active direction.
  • the rotor is not driven by the handle via the one-way transmission as the pawl is disengaged from the toothed wheel when the handle is rotated in a neutral direction.
  • a ratchet tool includes a head 30, an engaging ring 40, a pawl 50 and a spring 34.
  • the engaging ring 40, the pawl 50 and the spring 34 are placed in the head 30. Biased by the spring 34, teeth of the pawl 50 are engaged with teeth of the engaging ring 40.
  • a reversing-ratchet wrench includes a lever 10 formed with a fulcrum end 12, a pawl carrier 20 placed in the fulcrum end 12, a double pawl element 27 supported on the pawl carrier 20, and a ratchet drive selector mechanism 30 connected to the double pawl element 27.
  • the ratchet drive selector mechanism 30 is used to bring teeth formed on a selected one of two ends of the double pawl element 27 with teeth formed on an internal side of the fulcrum end 12.
  • the reversing-ratchet wrench is switched between a tightening mode and a loosening mode.
  • a similar wrench can be found in US Patent No. 4261233 .
  • US Patent No. 5074174 discloses a socket wrench including a body 1, a ratchet member 108 and a plurality of socket members 102, 103 and 104.
  • the ratchet member 108 and the socket members 102, 103 and 104 are placed in the body 1.
  • the ratchet member 108 includes two pawls 180 and 181 and a cam 182. By operating the cam 182, teeth of a selected one of the pawls 180 and 181 is engaged with teeth of the socket member 104.
  • the handle after the handle is rotated in the active direction to drive the nut or screw, the handle must be rotated in the neutral direction for the angle of at least one tooth to return the pawl into engagement with the toothed wheel before the handle can be rotated in the active direction to drive the nut or screw again.
  • the toothed wheel includes twenty-four teeth, i.e., the angle of each tooth is 15°
  • the handle must be rotated in the neutral direction for at least 15° before the handle can be rotated in the active direction to drive the nut or screw again. There is however not enough space for the rotation of the handle in the neutral direction for the angle of one tooth.
  • the number of the teeth can be increased to reduce the angle of a tooth. As disclosed in US Patent No. 6666111 for example, the number of the teeth is 90 to 180 so that the angle of one tooth is 4° to 2°. As the number of teeth is large, the size of the teeth is small, and the strength of the teeth is low. The teeth could easily be worn away.
  • the number of the teeth is constant, i.e., the angle of one tooth is constant.
  • a user may not be able to exert large torque if he or she chooses to use a toque tool with a large number of teeth such as disclosed in US Patent No. 6666111 in limited space.
  • a torque tool to allow a user to exert large torque in limited space.
  • a torque tool with two pawls and two switches is known, wherein the two pawls are oriented in opposite rotational direction so that by use of the switches the active direction can be selected.
  • a torque tool with six pawls is known, wherein the pawls are arranged such that even a slight rotation in a reverse direction is prevented.
  • a torque tool with two double claws and a switch is known, wherein the switch allows to select which of the two corresponding claw portions of the pawls are engaging ratchets with a 180° angle in between, so that the active direction can be selected.
  • a torque tool with two claws is known, wherein the two with 180° displaced claws serve to double the number of effective available ratchets.
  • a torque tool with four pawls is known, which otherwise has the features of the preamble of claim 1, but which lacks an operation mode in which a reduced number of effective ratchets is available, so that the user can adjust the operation mode to whether a large or small space is available.
  • the present invention is therefore intended to obviate or at least alleviate the problems encountered in prior art.
  • the one-way torque tool includes the features as defined by claim 1.
  • the wrench 20 includes a head 21, a rotor 30 rotationally placed in the head 21, a switch 40 and a one-way transmission 50.
  • the one-way transmission 50 is arranged between the head 21 and the rotor 30.
  • the head 21 can be rotated in an active direction to drive the rotor 30 via the one-way transmission 50.
  • the head 21 can be rotated in a neutral direction opposite to the active direction without driving the rotor 30 via the one-way transmission 50.
  • the switch 40 is operable to change a minimum angle of the rotation of the head 21 in the neutral direction before the head 21 can be rotated in the active direction to drive the rotor 30 via the one-way transmission 50 again.
  • the head 21 includes an upper space 28 axially defined therein and a lower space 29 axially defined therein.
  • the upper space 28 is made with a diameter larger than that of the lower space 29.
  • the rotor 30 includes an upper section 32, a lower section 33 and a middle section 34 extending between the upper section 32 and the lower section 33.
  • the upper section 32 is made with a diameter substantially identical to that of the lower section 33.
  • the diameter of the upper section 32 is smaller than that of the middle section 34.
  • a groove 31 is defined in the periphery of each of the upper and lower sections 32 and 33.
  • the one-way transmission 50 preferably includes thirty-six ratchets 51 for engagement with two pawls 60 for example.
  • the one-way transmission 50 may include another proper number of ratchets 51 and another proper number of pawls 60.
  • the ratchets 51 are formed on the wall of the lower space 29 of the head 21.
  • the angle ⁇ of each of the ratchets 51 is 10°.
  • the pawls 60 are pivotally connected to the middle section 34 of the rotor 30.
  • the pawls 60 are separated from each by an angle ⁇ of 85° for example.
  • the upper ring 41 includes a rib 43 extending on a lower face 42 which is in contact with the head 21.
  • the rib 43 includes two thin portions 44 and two thick portions 45.
  • the thin portions 44 and the thick portions 45 are alternately arranged along the rib 43.
  • One thick portion 45 (the "long thick portion 45) extends longer than the other thick portion 45 (the "short thick portion 45).
  • An internal diameter of the thin portions 44 is larger than that of the thick portions 45.
  • the long thick portion 45 includes two recesses 47 defined in an internal side. The recesses 47 are separated from each other by a peak 48 which does not extend beyond the long thick portion 45.
  • the pawl 60 includes an arched face 61, an inclined face 62, a long side 63, a short side 64, a pivot 65 and a tip 66.
  • the arched face 61 is placed opposite to the inclined face 62.
  • the long side 63 is placed opposite to the short side 64.
  • the pivot 65 is placed near the arched face 61.
  • the tip 66 is formed by and between the inclined face 62 and the long side 63.
  • the rotor 30 includes two cutouts 35, two pockets 56 and a bore 52 defined in the middle section 34.
  • the cutouts 35 are defined in the periphery of the middle section 34 of the rotor 30.
  • the shape of the cutouts 35 is in compliance with that of the pawls 60.
  • Each of the cutouts 35 includes an inclined face 36, an arched face 37 and a flat side 38 extending between the inclined face 36 and the arched face 37.
  • a center of the arched face 37 of the first cutout 35 is separated from that of the second cutout 35 by the angle ⁇ .
  • Each of the pockets 56 is in communication with a corresponding one of the cutouts 35.
  • An axis of each of the pockets 56 does not extend to the center of the arched face 37 of the corresponding one of the cutouts 35.
  • a spring 18 is placed in each of the pockets 56.
  • the pawls 60 are placed in the cutouts 35, respectively.
  • the pawls 60 are biased by the springs 18.
  • Another spring 53 and a detent 54 are subsequently placed in the bore 52.
  • the detent 54 is preferably a ball.
  • the spring 53 is used to bias the detent 54 into a selective one of the recesses 47.
  • a square axle 24 is placed in a square aperture axially defined in the rotor 30.
  • a spring-biased detent 25 is placed on a lower section of the square axle 24 that is placed outside the rotor 30.
  • the lower section of the square axle 24 can be inserted in a square cavity defined in a socket that in turn can be engaged with a nut or a head of a screw.
  • the spring-biased detent 25 is used to keep the lower section of the axle 24 in the square cavity of the socket.
  • the middle section 34 of the rotor 30 is placed in the head 21 while the upper section 32 and the lower section 33 are placed outside the head 21.
  • the upper ring 41 is placed on an upper edge of the head 21.
  • the rib 43 is placed in the upper space 28 so that the upper ring 41 can smoothly be rotated on the head 21.
  • the upper ring 41 is kept on the head 21 by a clip 23 that is placed in the groove 31 of the upper section 32 of the rotor 30.
  • a lower ring 26 is placed against a lower edge of the head 21.
  • the lower ring 26 is kept in position by another clip 23 placed in the groove 31 of the lower section 33 of the rotor 30.
  • the upper ring 41 is placed in a first angle relative to the rotor 30 as the spring 53 biases the detent 54 in the first recess 47.
  • the first pawl 60 can be pivoted relative to the rotor 30. That is, the tip 66 can be moved out of the first cutout 35 while the pivot 65 is rotationally placed in the first cutout 35.
  • the arched face 61 of the first pawl 60 is in contact with the arched face 37 of the first cutout 35.
  • the short thick portion 45 of the upper ring 41 keeps the second pawl 60 in the second cutout 35 and prevents the second pawl 60 from pivoting relative to the rotor 30.
  • the head 21 When the head 21 is pivoted clockwise, one of the ratchets 51 is engaged with the tip 66 of the first pawl 60 so that the head 21 rotates the rotor 30. As the head 21 is pivoted counterclockwise, the ratchets 51 can be disengaged from the first pawl 60 so that the head 21 does not rotate the rotor 30. After the head 21 is pivoted counterclockwise for 10°, the head 21 can be pivoted clockwise again to engage a next one of the ratchets 51 with the tip 66 of the first pawl 60 so that the head 21 rotates the rotor 30.
  • the upper ring 41 is rotated to a second angle on the rotor 30 so that the spring 53 biases the detent 54 in the second recess 47.
  • the short thick portion 45 of the upper ring 41 is moved away from the second pawl 60 to allow the second pawl 60 to pivot relative to the rotor 30.
  • the first pawl 60 can still be pivoted relative to the rotor 30.
  • the head 21 When the head 21 is pivoted clockwise, one of the ratchets 51 is engaged with the tip 66 of the first pawl 60 so that the head 21 rotates the rotor 30. As the head 21 is pivoted counterclockwise, the ratchets 51 can be disengaged from the first pawl 60 so that the head 21 does not rotate the rotor 30. After the head 21 is pivoted counterclockwise for 5°, the head 21 can be pivoted clockwise again to engage one of the ratchets 51 with the tip 66 of the second pawl 60 so that the head 21 rotates the rotor 30. Then, the head 21 is pivoted counterclockwise so that the head 21 does not rotate the rotor 30. After the head 21 is pivoted counterclockwise for another 5°, the head 21 can be pivoted clockwise again to engage one of the ratchets 51 with the tip 66 of the first pawl 60 so that the head 21 rotates the rotor 30.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown a one-way transmission according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second embodiment is like the first embodiment except including twenty-four ratchets 51 and three pawls 60.
  • the angle ⁇ of each of the ratchets 51 is 15°.
  • the first pawl 60 is separated from the second pawl 60 by an angle ⁇ 1 of 50° for example.
  • the second pawl 60 is separated from the third pawl 60 by an angle ⁇ 2 of 50° for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel mit
    einem Kopf (21),
    einem Rotor (30), der in dem Kopf (21) angeordnet ist,
    einer Mehrzahl an Sperreinrichtungen (51), die entweder an dem Kopf (21) oder dem Rotor 30 ausgebildet sind, wobei die Sperreinrichtungen (51) durch einen ersten Winkel α voneinander getrennt sind, der 360 Grad geteilt durch die Anzahl der Sperreinrichtungen (51) entspricht,
    zwei Sperrklinken (60), die schwenkbar mit dem anderen von dem Kopf (21) oder dem Rotor (30) verbunden sind und lösbar mit den Sperreinrichtungen (51) in Eingriff stehen, wobei die Sperrklinken (60) durch einen zweiten Winkel (β) voneinander getrennt sind, der einem Vielfachen des ersten Winkels (α) plus einem dritten Winkel (θ), der kleiner als der erste Winkel (α) ist, entspricht,
    gekennzeichnet durch
    einen Schalter (40), der betätigt werden kann, um eine der Sperrklinken (60) von den Sperreinrichtungen (51) fernzuhalten, wobei der Schalter (40) einen Ring (41) umfasst, der entweder in Bezug auf den Kopf (21) oder den Rotor (30) zwischen einer ersten Position, in welcher der Ring (41) eine der Sperrklinken (60) von den Sperreinrichtungen (51) fernhält, und einer zweiten Position, in welcher der Ring (41) keine der Sperrklinken (60) von den Sperreinrichtungen (51) fernhält, umschaltbar ist.
  2. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem die Sperreinrichtungen (51) an einer Innenseite des Kopfes (21) ausgebildet sind, wobei die erste und die zweite Sperrklinke (60) schwenkbar mit einer Außenseite des Rotors (30) verbunden sind.
  3. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 1, welcher eine weitere Sperrklinke (60) umfasst, die von einer der Sperrklinken (60) durch einen vierten Winkel (β) getrennt ist, der einem Vielfachen des ersten Winkels (α) plus einem fünften Winkel (θ), der kleiner als der erste Winkel (α) ist, entspricht.
  4. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 3, bei welchem der fünfte Winkel gleich dem dritten Winkel ist oder der fünfte Winkel von dem dritten Winkel verschieden ist.
  5. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem der Ring (41) eine Rippe (43) beinhaltet, die in dem Kopf (21) angeordnet ist.
  6. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 5, bei welchem die Rippe (43) einen breiten Abschnitt (45) umfasst, um gegen eine der Sperrklinken (60) zu drücken.
  7. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem der Schalter (40) ferner ein Sperrstück (54) beinhaltet, um an die Rippe (43) anzuschlagen, um den Ring (41) entweder in der ersten oder der zweiten Position in Bezug auf den Kopf (21) oder den Rotor (30) zu halten.
  8. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 7, bei welchem in der Rippe (43) eine erste und eine zweite Aussparung (47) ausgebildet sind, wobei das Sperrstück (54) in der ersten Vertiefung (47) aufgenommen ist, wenn sich der Ring (41) in der ersten Position in Bezug auf entweder den Kopf (21) oder den Rotor (30) befindet, wobei das Sperrstück (54) in der zweiten Vertiefung (47) aufgenommen ist, wenn sich der Ring (41) in der zweiten Position in Bezug auf entweder den Kopf (21) oder den Rotor (30) befindet.
  9. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 7, bei welchem der Schalter (40) ferner eine Feder (53) beinhaltet, um das Sperrstück (54) vorzuspannen.
  10. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 9, bei welchem entweder der Kopf (21) oder der Rotor (30) eine Bohrung (52) beinhaltet, die zur Aufnahme der Feder (53) dient.
  11. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem entweder der Kopf (21) oder der Rotor (30) zwei Ausschnitte (35) umfasst, die jeweils zur Aufnahme von wenigstens einem Teil einer zugehörigen Sperrklinke (60) dienen.
  12. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 1 oder 11, welcher ferner zwei Federn (18) beinhaltet, um die Sperrklinken (60) vorzuspannen.
  13. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 12, bei welchem entweder der Kopf (21) oder der Rotor (30) zwei Taschen (56) umfasst, die zur Aufnahme der Federn (18) dienen.
  14. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 11, bei welchem jede der Sperrklinken (60) einen Drehzapfen (65) beinhaltet, der jeweils in dem zugehörigen Ausschnitt (35) positioniert ist, und eine bewegliche Spitze (66), die von der entsprechenden Sperrklinke (60) in Eingriff mit den Sperreinrichtungen (51) gebracht werden kann.
  15. Einwegdrehmomentschlüssel nach Anspruch 14, bei welchem jeder der Ausschnitte (35) eine gebogene Fläche (37), eine schräge Fläche (36) und eine ebene Fläche (38) umfasst, die sich zwischen der gebogenen Fläche (37) und der schrägen Fläche (36) erstreckt, wobei jede der Sperrklinken (60) eine gebogene Fläche (61) beinhaltet, die nahe des Drehzapfens (65) ausgebildet ist und mit der gebogenen Fläche (37) des entsprechenden Ausschnitts (35) in Kontakt steht.
EP12195169.3A 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 In einer Richtung wirkender Ratschenschlüssel Active EP2737977B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES12195169.3T ES2565854T3 (es) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Herramienta de torsión unidireccional
EP12195169.3A EP2737977B1 (de) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 In einer Richtung wirkender Ratschenschlüssel
PL12195169T PL2737977T3 (pl) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Jednokierunkowe narzędzie dynamomeryczne
SI201230478T SI2737977T1 (sl) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 V eno smer delujoče zaskočno orodje

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12195169.3A EP2737977B1 (de) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 In einer Richtung wirkender Ratschenschlüssel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2737977A1 EP2737977A1 (de) 2014-06-04
EP2737977B1 true EP2737977B1 (de) 2016-01-06

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12195169.3A Active EP2737977B1 (de) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 In einer Richtung wirkender Ratschenschlüssel

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EP (1) EP2737977B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2565854T3 (de)
PL (1) PL2737977T3 (de)
SI (1) SI2737977T1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI505918B (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-11-01 具可變的空轉角度的扭矩工具
TWI505916B (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-11-01 用於狹窄空間的扳手
TWI530368B (zh) * 2014-10-03 2016-04-21 史丹利七和國際股份有限公司 棘輪扳手
PL3056313T3 (pl) * 2015-02-10 2018-01-31 Wu yi min Klucz wielotrybowy
CN108032246A (zh) * 2017-12-13 2018-05-15 温州大学 一种可记录旋转圈数的不卸扳手

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2112693A (en) * 1937-06-16 1938-03-29 Independent Pneumatic Tool Co Portable hammer wrench
DE2365124A1 (de) * 1973-12-29 1975-07-10 Elora Werkzeugfabrik Erich Rau Knarre fuer steckschluesseleinsaetze
US4147076A (en) 1977-10-31 1979-04-03 The Wright Tool And Forge Company Reversing-ratchet socket wrench
US4261233A (en) 1979-02-05 1981-04-14 Thorsen Tool Company Ratchet wrench of the socket drive type
DE3818470A1 (de) * 1988-05-31 1989-03-02 Mueller Hans Joachim Schraubenschluessel mit einer ratsche ausgeruestet, zwecks freien rueckhubes des handgriffes
US5074174A (en) 1989-09-02 1991-12-24 Dae Sam Co., Ltd. Socket wrench
US6655238B1 (en) 2002-11-07 2003-12-02 Chih-Ching Hsien Reinforcement teeth structure for ratchet
US20040089108A1 (en) * 2002-11-11 2004-05-13 Chuck Chang Wrench having a locking device with a smaller driving angle
DE20219894U1 (de) 2002-12-23 2003-03-06 Hsien, Chih-Ching, Feng Yuan, Taichung Kostengünstiger Ratschenschlüssel mit kleinem Drehwinkel
US20100162857A1 (en) * 2008-12-27 2010-07-01 Chuck Chang Wrench

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2737977T3 (pl) 2016-06-30
SI2737977T1 (sl) 2016-04-29
ES2565854T3 (es) 2016-04-07
EP2737977A1 (de) 2014-06-04

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