EP2737207A2 - Solarthermische anlage - Google Patents
Solarthermische anlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP2737207A2 EP2737207A2 EP12728414.9A EP12728414A EP2737207A2 EP 2737207 A2 EP2737207 A2 EP 2737207A2 EP 12728414 A EP12728414 A EP 12728414A EP 2737207 A2 EP2737207 A2 EP 2737207A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heliostats
- sectors
- heliostat
- solar thermal
- rows
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
- F03G6/067—Binary cycle plants where the fluid from the solar collector heats the working fluid via a heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Definitions
- the invention relates to a solar thermal system, in particular a solar thermal power plant.
- solar thermal systems are known in practice in the form of solar thermal power plants, which comprise as a central unit a so-called solar tower, which serves as a receiver unit and is converted in the concentrated heat energy using suitable facilities in electrical energy.
- the solar tower is arranged in front of a so-called heliostat field, in which a plurality of mirrors or heliostats are distributed in accordance with a predetermined pattern, which respectively reflect solar radiation in the direction of the receiver.
- the heliostats are thus used to concentrate solar radiation that radiates over a large area onto a small area that is formed by the receiver in order to generate high, technically usable temperatures there.
- the pattern according to which heliostats are arranged in the heliostat field influences the operating costs and the investment costs for the heliostat field and thus also the electricity production costs of the entire power plant.
- the heliostats are usually arranged in straight rows that run in east-west direction, so that the optimization of the efficiency of the heliostat field only for a Daytime, usually the solar noon, takes place.
- the height of the solar tower and the distances between the rows of heliostats were used as optimization variables.
- An optimization of the efficiency of the heliostat field with regard to a uniform distribution over the entire course of the day and the entire year has not been done so far.
- the invention has for its object to provide a solar thermal system in which the heliostat of a heliostat field are arranged such that compared to the above-described prior art, an improved efficiency over the course of the day and the year is possible.
- the invention thus relates to a solar thermal system, in particular a solar thermal power plant, which comprises a receiver unit and a heliostat panel.
- a solar thermal power plant which comprises a receiver unit and a heliostat panel.
- the sectors comprise circular sectors each comprising rows of heliostats arranged along parallel lines.
- the normal of the straight lines of a circular sector is set in relation to the normal of the straight lines of every other circular sector.
- the circular sectors each have a near-receivable portion in which the circular sectors are disposed adjacent to each other, and a receiver remote portion.
- the core of the invention is thus to divide the heliostat field into a plurality of sectors or sections.
- the circular sectors along a circular line in the circumferential direction are arranged side by side.
- the width of the circular sectors increases, so that the length of the heliostat rows increases as well.
- an additional sector here referred to as intermediate sector, is inserted between the receiver-distant sections of the circular sectors.
- the length of the heliostat rows in the intermediate sectors also increases with increasing distance from the receiver unit.
- This length can be limited by inserting further intermediate sectors, in which heliostats in turn are arranged in rows along parallel lines whose normal is set against the normals of the other sectors.
- the distance between the rows of heliostats within a circular sector influences the extent of the radiation blocked by closer to the receiver unit with increasing distance from the receiver unit.
- the adjacent rows of heliostats in a circular sector have a distance from each other which increases at least as far as a limit distance with increasing distance from the receiver unit. Accordingly, the increasing distance between adjacent rows of heliostats in a circular sector can reduce sunshade shadowing of heliostats by other heliostat of the heliostat field.
- the limit distance from which the distance between adjacent rows of heliostats in a circular sector increases may, in particular depending on the latitude at which the plant is constructed, the morphology of the terrain, on the the heliostat field is arranged and the height of the receiver unit, ie the relative position of the receiver unit with respect to the heliostat, are selected.
- the distance between the heliostats within a heliostat row is uniform at least in the respective sector, preferably in the entire heliostat field. This makes it possible to use for wiring the heliostats with each other between adjacent heliostats prefabricated cable with a uniform length, which significantly reduces the cost of the solar thermal system.
- the heliostats of adjacent heliostat rows in the circular sectors and / or in the intermediate sectors are offset in the straight direction by a half heliostat distance from one another.
- each heliostat can reflect sunlight onto the receiver unit through a gap between two heliostats which are arranged in a neighboring row arranged closer to the receiver unit.
- the heliostats of neighboring heliostat series are therefore placed within a sector on the gap.
- the distance between the rows of heliostats within a sector relative to the receiver unit in the radial direction can be kept low, since the row spacing does not have to be selected so large that the receiver unit is visible from each heliostat via the heliostats arranged in the direction of the receiver unit in front of these heliostats , This leads to a higher packing density of the heliostats and thus to a higher field efficiency and a total small footprint for the heliostat field.
- the heliostat field comprises a front field area which lies between the receivemahen Sections of the circular sectors and the receiver unit is arranged and comprises a plurality of heliostats.
- the heliostats can be arranged in sub-sectors in parallel rows without further subdivision without sacrificing field efficiency.
- maintenance paths are formed between adjacent sectors whose width is greater than the distance between adjacent heliostats within a heliostat row of the sectors. This ensures good accessibility of the individual heliostats even with heavy equipment.
- Figure 1 is a schematic overview of a solar thermal power plant with solar tower and heliostat field.
- FIG. 2 shows a heliostat distribution in the heliostat field
- Fig. 3 is a graph showing the change in the distance between rows of heliostridges with increasing distance from the solar tower;
- FIG. 4 shows the power distribution of the solar thermal power plant according to the invention during the course of the day and the power distribution of a solar thermal power plant according to the prior art during the course of the day;
- FIG. 5 shows a heliostat distribution in a second embodiment of a solar thermal power plant
- FIG. 6 shows a heliostat distribution in a third embodiment of a solar thermal power plant
- FIG. 7 shows a heliostat distribution in a fourth embodiment of a solar thermal power plant.
- a solar thermal power plant 10 which comprises a formed from a plurality of heliostats 12 heliostat or mirror array and a receiver or solar receiver unit representing solar tower 16, which is arranged in front of the heliostat 14 and in the direction of the sun 18 outgoing radiation is reflected by the heliostat 12 in a concentrated manner.
- the solar tower 16 has a receiver 20 for receiving the concentrated radiation, in which air is heated, which is circulated in an air circuit 22 and / or is sucked from the environment.
- a steam boiler 24 is arranged, which is also associated with a steam cycle 26 and in which for driving a turbine 28 hot steam is generated.
- the turbine 28 drives a generator 30, by means of which power is generated, which is supplied via a line 32 to a power grid.
- the steam flowing through the turbine 28 is liquefied in a condenser 36 arranged downstream of the turbine 28.
- the resulting condensate is returned to the boiler 24 by means of a pump 38.
- the condenser 36 is connected in a condenser circuit 40 to a recooler 42 in communication with the ambient air. To operate the condenser circuit 40, this further comprises a pump 44.
- the receiver 20 causes the air in the air circuit 22 upstream of the boiler 24 and air sucked in from the ambient air to absorb heat by the solar energy thus radiated and heated to temperatures of 600 ° C to 800 ° C.
- This heat is passed on the one hand to the steam boiler 24 and the other to a heat storage 46, by means of which steam generation in the boiler 24 in times is possible in which no solar radiation hits the receiver 20.
- heliostat field 14 of which a plan view is shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of heliostats, each represented by a solid circle in FIG. 2, are arranged.
- the heliostat field 14 is divided into a plurality of regions, in each of which heliostats 12 are arranged in rows along parallel straight lines.
- the heliostat 14 Adjacent to the solar tower 16, the heliostat 14 has a so-called predecessor ren field region 48, the solar tower 16 facing away from the boundary line 49 at least approximately follows a circular path.
- the heliostats 12 are arranged in rows 51 that extend in an east-west direction.
- seven so-called circular sectors 50A to 50G bounded by a polygonal line which are arranged next to each other in the circumferential direction adjoin the boundary line 49 of the front field region 48, and rows of heliostats 12 arranged along parallel lines thereof are arranged in each case are.
- the normal of the straight lines of the circle sectors 50A to 50G represents a radial at least in a generous approximation with respect to the boundary line 49 of the front field region 48.
- the normals of the straight lines of the seven circle sectors 50A to 50G are opposite to the normals of the straight lines of each other circle sector 50A to 50G, that is, the normals each span an angle greater than zero degrees and less than 180 degrees.
- the arrangement pattern of the heliostat 12 in the circle sectors 50A to 50G is identical except for the cut edges given by the shape of the panel 14.
- the circular sectors 50A to 50G thus have the same opening angle.
- the opening angle of the circular sectors 50A to 50G results from the quotient of the total opening angle of the heliostat field 14 and the selected number of circular sectors.
- Circular sectors 50A-50G each have a receiver-proximate portion 54 and a receiver-remote portion 56.
- the receiver-near section 54 extends from the receiver unit or the solar tower 16 up to a limit distance D. From the limit distance D, the receiver-remote section 56 of the circular sectors 50A to 50G begins.
- a so-called intermediate sector 58A to 58F delimited by a traverse is arranged between each two sectoral sectors, which are arranged adjacent to each other in the section near the receiver 54, in the region of the receiver-distant sections 56.
- the heliostats 12 are also arranged in rows 59 of parallel lines whose normal with respect to the circular boundary line of the front field region is at least roughly approximated represents a radial and is compared to the normal of all other sectors 50 and 58 is set, that is spans an angle which is between zero degrees and 180 degrees.
- the arrangement pattern of the heliostat 12 in the intermediate sectors 58A to 58F is identical except for the cut edges given by the shape of the panel 14.
- the rows 52 of the circular sectors 50A to 50G have a constant distance in the respective near-receivable portion 54.
- the distance between the heliostat rows 52 increases continuously with increasing distance from the receiver unit 16.
- the distance of the heliostat rows in the intermediate sectors 58 also increases with increasing distance from the receiver unit 16.
- heliostat rows are designed so that they are offset in the straight or row direction by half a heliostat distance from each other.
- the heliostats 12 are arranged on a gap, so that solar radiation which is reflected by the individual heliostats 12 in the direction of the receiver unit 16 is not or only partially is blocked by previously arranged heliostats.
- maintenance routes 60 are formed, which are free of heliostats, so that the heliostat 14 is also accessible with larger equipment for maintenance and repair purposes.
- the parameters with which the efficiency of the heliostat field 14 can be influenced include, given the dimensions of the field 14, in particular the minimum distance between the rows of heliostats within a sector 50A to 50G, 58A to 58F and in the front field region 48, the increase in the distance between the heliostat rows within a sector 50A to 50G, 58A to 58F with increasing distance from the receiver unit 16, the distance of the heliostat 12 within a heliostat series 51, 52 and 59 in the front field region And in the sectors 50A to 50G, 58A to 58F, the number of circular sectors and intermediate sectors, the maximum length of the heliostat rows 52 and 59 in the sectors 50A to 50G, 58A to 58F. In particular, by selecting appropriate values for these parameters, the power distribution of the system can be optimized throughout the day.
- the spacing of the rows within a sector increases, as already explained above, from a limit distance D with increasing distance from the receiver unit 16.
- the system according to the invention comprises a plurality of heliostat fields, in which heliostats are respectively arranged according to the above-described positioning principle and which are distributed around a receiver unit.
- the solar thermal system also comprises heliostats 12 on the side of the solar tower 16 facing away from a heliostat field 14 (north field)
- these heliostats 12 are assigned to a separate heliostat field 14 '(south field) in which the heliostats 12 are also arranged according to the aforementioned conditions.
- the heliostats 12 are in the heliostat fields 14, 14 'thus each also divided into a front field region 48 and a plurality of sector sectors 50 and a plurality of intermediate sectors 58, in which they are arranged in parallel rows on the gap.
- the normals of the series of heliostats 12 then two Heliostat fields 14, 14 'can in this case also be aligned parallel to one another or coincide.
- FIG. 6 shows a solar thermal system in which heliostats 12 are distributed around a solar tower 16, which constitutes a receiver unit, on four heliostat fields 14, 14 ', 14 "and 14"' which form an all-round field, each having an opening angle of 90 ° ° and in which the heliostats 12 are also arranged according to the conditions mentioned above in connection with the embodiment according to the figures 1 to 4.
- the heliostats 12 of the heliostat fields 14, 14 ', 14 "and 14”' are thus each likewise divided into a front field region 48 and a plurality of circular sectors 50 and a plurality of intermediate sectors 58, in which they are each arranged in gaps in parallel rows.
- the normals of the rows of heliostats 12 of the four heliostat fields 14, 14 ', 14 ", 14"' can in this case also be aligned parallel to one another or coincide.
- FIG. 7 shows a solar thermal system in which heliostats 12 are distributed around a solar tower 16, which constitutes a receiver unit, on three heliostat fields 14 (north field), 14 '(southeast field) and 14 "(southwest field), each having an opening angle of about 120 ° and in which the heliostats 12 are also arranged according to the conditions mentioned above in connection with the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4.
- the heliostat 12 in the three heliostat fields 14, 14 'and 14 " the areas of different sizes In other words, they are each likewise divided into a front field region 48 and a plurality of circular sectors 50 and a plurality of intermediate sectors 58 in which they are each arranged in gaps in parallel rows.
- the normals of the rows of heliostats 12 of the three heliostat fields 14, 14 ', 14 "could in this case also be aligned or coincide with one another Depending on the geographical location, the heliostat fields can occupy different areas in a solar thermal system with several heliostat fields It can be useful to design a north field larger than the other heliostat fields since the heliostats north of the receiver unit usually have a higher efficiency than the heliostats located to the south - Conditions that have been met, ie the heliostats located to the south of the receiver unit have a greater efficiency than the heliostats arranged to the north.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011108857.5A DE102011108857B4 (de) | 2011-07-28 | 2011-07-28 | Solarthermische Anlage |
PCT/EP2012/059040 WO2013013851A2 (de) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-05-15 | Solarthermische anlage |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2737207A2 true EP2737207A2 (de) | 2014-06-04 |
Family
ID=47503087
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12728414.9A Withdrawn EP2737207A2 (de) | 2011-07-28 | 2012-05-15 | Solarthermische anlage |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2737207A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102011108857B4 (de) |
IL (1) | IL230569B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013013851A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012214308B4 (de) * | 2012-08-10 | 2018-02-15 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren zur Auslegung von Heliostatfeldern |
DE102012223429A1 (de) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-12-05 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren zur wirkungsgradoptimierten Anordnung von Heliostaten in einem Heliostatfeld eines Solarkraftwerkes |
EP2963290A1 (de) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-01-06 | NEM Energy B.V. | Solarturmanlage |
CN110044080B (zh) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-07-14 | 中国联合工程有限公司 | 一种基于腔柱式集热器的塔式太阳能热发电系统 |
CN110570045A (zh) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | 塔式太阳能热电站定日镜场的玫瑰图布局方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3029864A1 (de) * | 1980-08-07 | 1982-03-11 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München | Anlage zur konzentrierung solarer strahlungsenergie |
US8365719B2 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2013-02-05 | Angeles Technologies, Inc. | Multi-receiver heliostat system architecture |
ES2496265T3 (es) * | 2007-11-26 | 2014-09-18 | Esolar, Inc. | Diseños de matrices de helióstatos para plantas de energía solar de receptores centrales de torres múltiples |
US8613278B2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2013-12-24 | Esolar, Inc. | Solar thermal receiver for medium- and high-temperature applications |
US20090260619A1 (en) * | 2008-04-20 | 2009-10-22 | The Boeing Company | Autonomous heliostat for solar power plant |
JP5342301B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2013-11-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 太陽光集光受熱器 |
-
2011
- 2011-07-28 DE DE102011108857.5A patent/DE102011108857B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-05-15 WO PCT/EP2012/059040 patent/WO2013013851A2/de active Application Filing
- 2012-05-15 EP EP12728414.9A patent/EP2737207A2/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-01-21 IL IL230569A patent/IL230569B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2013013851A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL230569B (en) | 2018-05-31 |
WO2013013851A2 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
IL230569A0 (en) | 2014-03-31 |
DE102011108857A1 (de) | 2013-01-31 |
DE102011108857B4 (de) | 2017-08-31 |
WO2013013851A3 (de) | 2013-10-31 |
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