EP2737202A2 - Structure flexible destinée à produire de l'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues - Google Patents

Structure flexible destinée à produire de l'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues

Info

Publication number
EP2737202A2
EP2737202A2 EP12735536.0A EP12735536A EP2737202A2 EP 2737202 A2 EP2737202 A2 EP 2737202A2 EP 12735536 A EP12735536 A EP 12735536A EP 2737202 A2 EP2737202 A2 EP 2737202A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flexible
layer
tube
buoyant tube
electroactive polymer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12735536.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gabriele Michalke
Benjamin Hagemann
Matthias Grauer
Istvan Denes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2737202A2 publication Critical patent/EP2737202A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/20—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" wherein both members, i.e. wom and rem are movable relative to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the kinetic energy of waves can be used.
  • One possibility is, for example, to use movably connected floats, the movement of which drives a generator to one another.
  • Such devices are known, for example, from European patent EP 1 15976 B1, which claims a device for recovering energy from waves, which includes a plurality of floating body parts joined together to form an articulated structure each pair of adjacent body parts being connected to the other by a coupling part so as to allow relative rotational movement of the body parts, each coupling part including an element adapted to gain energy from relative rotational movement of the body parts;
  • the apparatus further includes means for imparting a roll-cutting angle to the axis of relative rotational movement at each coupling member away from the horizontal and / or vertical directions.
  • This device is characterized in that it includes variable restricting means provided on each coupling part and adapted to impose periodically varying restrictions on the relative rotation of each pair of adjacent body parts in response to the prevailing sea condition.
  • Electroactive polymers are characterized by the fact that they change their shape by the application of an electrical voltage. Because of this, electroactive po- Polymeric use as actuators.
  • EAPs allow operation as a generator in which a direct conversion of mechanical strain energy into electrical energy occurs. The conversion is done on a capacitive basis by moving landings.
  • the generator comprising two flexible electrodes, between which the electroactive polymer is introduced, is stretched due to external forces. In the state of maximum elongation of the electroactive polymer generator, the arrangement is subjected to electrical charges below the breakdown field strength.
  • the present invention provides a device for generating electrical energy from the movement of waves or for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy, which does not require hydraulic transmission of the wave motion to a hydraulic motor, but uses the electroactive polymers for power generation.
  • the present invention further provides a method for generating electrical energy from the movement of waves, in which the kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy with the aid of electroactive polymers.
  • the device according to the invention comprises at least one flexible, buoyant tube, which is closed at both ends, so that a hollow structure is formed.
  • the tube is characterized by comprising a wall having at least one stack lying longitudinally of the flexible floatable tube (1, 12, 21, 40), the at least one layer comprising a layer of an electroactive Polymer and at least one acting as a flexible electrode layer comprises.
  • the layer of electroactive polymer and the electrode layer (s) of each Location are in direct contact with each other.
  • the electrode layers may be metallic or formed from conductive polymers.
  • the wall of the flexible buoyant tube has a plurality of mutually parallel, lying stack. In embodiments with multiple stacks parallel to each other, these strands are impermeable to each other for water and / gas.
  • the connection can be made for example by gluing or welding adjacent strands together.
  • the strands can also be embedded in another material, preferably a polymer.
  • the at least one stack has a plurality of contiguous layers, each layer of which is made up of a layer of an electroactive polymer and a layer acting as a flexible electrode.
  • Stack a plurality of two-layer layers, so that the electrode layer of one layer is also in contact with the layer of electroactive polymer of the next layer of the stack and thus the second electrode for the electroactive polymer of the subsequent layer.
  • the at least one stack has a plurality of layers, of which each layer is composed of a layer of an electroactive polymer arranged between two layers acting as flexible electrodes, successive layers being separated from one another by at least one insulating layer.
  • the at least one stack has a plurality of three-layer layers, in which a layer of electroactive polymer is flanked on both surfaces by in each case one electrode layer.
  • the electrode layers of adjacent layers are separated from each other electrically by at least one insulating layer arranged therebetween, for example made of a non-conductive polymer.
  • the stacks may be stacks of successive separate layers of a nonconductive polymer and an electroactive polymer. This means that the at least one stack is not formed in one piece.
  • the layers may be formed as a one-piece component, for example by a corresponding folding of a film strip of electroactive polymer and / or an electrode strip, for example by a Leporellofaltung this strip.
  • the flexible buoyant tube is formed of at least one helically wound strip comprising a layer of electroactive polymer and at least one electrode layer, the layer of electroactive polymer preferably being in the form of separate ring segments.
  • the helically wound strip may comprise a layer of electroactive polymer disposed between two electrode layers and an insulating layer on at least one side of the strip.
  • the successive turns of the helix are firmly and water and / or gas impermeable connected to each other so that they form the wall of the resulting flexible tube, wherein the successively arranged segments of electroactive polymer form a stack.
  • each turn may have two segments. With this embodiment, it is possible to use the movement of the helix in a plane for power generation.
  • each turn of the helix has more than two ring segments, more preferably 4 ring segments.
  • Each turn of the helix may also have 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, or more electroactive polymer ring segments. More than 2 ring segments of electroactive polymer per turn of helix allows the use of wave motion, regardless of their direction.
  • all turns of the helix have the same number of ring segments of electroactive polymer.
  • the number of ring segments per turn in the cylindrical structure may also vary with respect to each other.
  • the tubes are not open, but closed at its two opposite ends.
  • the tubes are closed with plates which are sensitive to the are arranged of the tube above the respective opening.
  • a cavity is formed in the interior, which gives the tube its buoyancy.
  • the flexible buoyant tube has a flexible one
  • the spine in its cavity.
  • the spine extends substantially the entire length of the cavity and is made of a flexible material that can accommodate the wave motion.
  • the backbone may be a rod, a rope or a thin tube.
  • the backbone inside the flexible buoyant tube prevents kinking or forgiving of the flexible, buoyant tube under heavy loads.
  • the flexible buoyant tube has spacers which are spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the flexible buoyant tube. The spacers hold the spine inside the flexible buoyant tube at substantially the same distance from the wall of the tube.
  • the flexible, buoyant tube includes rings surrounding the flexible, buoyant tube, or integrated between two layers of the stacks in the wall of the flexible buoyant tube.
  • the rings are spaced apart from each other along the longitudinal direction of the flexible buoyant tube.
  • the rings may be made of a metal, preferably of steel, more preferably of stainless steel, or of a polymer.
  • the cavity of the flexible floatable tube is filled with a gas, a gas mixture or a liquid.
  • the liquid may be seawater.
  • the filling of the cavity is under pressure, so that the forces acting from the outside on the structure, which can lead to buckling or distortion of the flexible, buoyant tube, are at least partially compensated.
  • the hollow, cylindrical structure can be at least one Have valve with which the pressure of the filling can be adjusted or controlled.
  • the device further comprises control electronics, i. H. at least one electronic circuit, with the between different sections of a
  • Stack can be switched back and forth to provide the required for the electroactive polymers by means of wave-generating current recovery charge for a layer of electroactive polymer or for the layers of electroactive polymer in a portion of the flexible buoyant tube.
  • different stacks of successive layers and / or different sections of the same stack or different stacks are interconnected by the control electronics so that a portion of the electrical energy generated in the discharge phase of the electroactive polymers of a stack section for the initial charge of the charge phase layers of electroactive polymer of another section can be used.
  • the device of the invention allows with their flexible, buoyant tube better adaptation of their movement to the wave motion as a rigid, articulated floating body. As a result, power generation by means of electroactive polymers is possible, even at relatively low swell.
  • the device according to the invention can be anchored to the seabed and connected to the land via a cable that conducts electricity.
  • the present invention extends to a method of generating electrical energy from the movement of waves, i. H. from the kinetic energy of the waves, in particular to a method in which the device according to the invention is used.
  • the flexible, buoyant tube floats on the water, preferably on the sea, and is exposed to the wave movements.
  • the flexible, buoyant tube in the areas of the troughs and the wave crests is bent by its own weight.
  • portions of the stacks are stretched or compressed.
  • the stack sections located in the water are stretched and the opposite stack sections facing away from the water surface are compressed.
  • the stack sections located in the water are compressed and the stack sections opposite them, which are remote from the water surface, are stretched.
  • all stacks, stack sections and layers of electroactive polymer undergo a repetitive cycle of compression and elongation. These cycles are used to generate electrical energy.
  • the generation of the electrical energy or the power generation with the device according to the invention comprises the following phases:
  • the method for generating electrical energy from wave movements is characterized in that the at least one flexible, buoyant tube of a device comprising at least one flexible, buoyant tube which is closed at both ends and comprises a wall, the at least one lying and in the longitudinal direction of the tube, comprising at least one layer comprising a layer of an electroactive polymer and at least one layer acting as a flexible electrode, which is exposed to undulations of water, wherein portions of the stacks are stretched or compressed, and the layers the electroactive polymers in the compressed sections are loaded by means of control electronics and then the resulting from the relaxation of these sections and the associated separation of the charges in elektroak- tive polymer of this area resulting excess electrical energy is obtained by a capacitive discharge phase.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a flexible, buoyant tube 1 of a device according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • the flexible buoyant tube 1 floats on the water 2.
  • the flexible buoyant tube 1 comprises a substantially circular cylinder wall 3 consisting essentially of parallel strands 9, each of which consists of a stack of successive layers comprising one Layer of an electroactive polymer is constructed, and define a cavity 4.
  • the flexible, buoyant tube 1 is closed at its two ends with respect to its longitudinal extent, for example by a first plate 5 at one of its ends and by a second plate 6 at its other, opposite the first end second end.
  • the two plates 5, 6 define the cavity 4 at the ends of the flexible, buoyant tube.
  • the flexible buoyant tube 1 has a spine 7 that extends substantially the entire length of the flexible buoyant tube 1 and extends in the center of the flexible buoyant tube 1 with respect to the circular cross section.
  • the flexible, buoyant tube 1 further comprises spacers 8, which are arranged at regular intervals along the longitudinal axis of the flexible buoyant tube 1 and keeps the backbone at a substantially constant distance from the cylinder wall 3.
  • the tube 1 is buoyant and so flexible that it reflects the movement of the
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-section through a flexible buoyant tube 1 according to Figure 1 taken along the line AA and illustrates that the wall of the tube is essentially constructed of mutually parallel strands 9, which are impermeable to each other for water and / or gas ,
  • the spacer 8 may consist of a drilled ring 10, with the strands passing through the bores.
  • the spacer has at least one strut extending from the inside of the tube wall to the spine 7.
  • the spacer has a plurality of struts 1 1, more preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 8 transverse struts extending from the inner edge of the ring 10 to the spine 7.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the flexible, buoyant tube of a device according to the invention, wherein Figure 4 shows a cross section through the shown in Figure 3 in longitudinal section flexible, buoyant tube 12 along the line B-B.
  • the flexible, buoyant tube 1 floating on the water 2 has a substantially circular wall 13 which is essentially composed of the strands 9 running parallel to one another and which delimit a cavity 14.
  • the tube 12 is closed at its two ends, with respect to its longitudinal extent, by a first plate 15 at one end and by a second plate 16 at the opposite end.
  • the two plates 15, 16 define the cavity 14 at the ends of the structure 12.
  • the tube 12 further comprises rings 20 which are provided with bores through the wall of the strands 9 run, and which are arranged at regular intervals from each other along the tube 12.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show another embodiment of the flexible, buoyant tube of a device according to the invention, wherein Figure 6 shows a NEN cross section through the shown in Figure 5 in longitudinal section flexible buoyant tube 21 along the line CC.
  • the cavity 24 is formed by the substantially mutually parallel strands 9, which are formed of stacks of successive layers comprising a layer of an electroactive polymer and embedded in another material 23, as well as by the opposite to the tube 21 Plates 25 and 26 limited.
  • the cavity 24 is filled with a fluid 27, ie a gas, gas mixture or a liquid, preferably water, particularly preferably seawater.
  • Figure 7 illustrates the possible construction of a stack 30 of successive layers.
  • the stack 30 is arranged in a tubular casing 31.
  • the stack 30 consists of a regular sequence of superimposed layers of an electroactive polymer 32 and an electrode layer 33 wherein the layers of electroactive polymer on the one hand and the electrode layers on the other hand not as completely separate layers, but connected to each other at an outer region of the stack 30 and thus are integrally formed, so that the layers are zipper-like "interlocked" in one another.
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment in which the flexible buoyant tube is formed by a helically wound strip 42.
  • the strip 42 comprises a layer of an electroactive polymer.
  • the turns of the strip 42 are gas and / or waterproof connected to each other, so that a tube is formed in which the helically wound band forms the wall, which encloses a cavity 43 when the individual turns of the strip 42 lie directly on each other.
  • FIG. 9 shows a cross section through an embodiment according to FIG. 8 along the line DD and shows an arrangement of 4 segments (44, 45, 46, 47) of electroactive polymer which are present per complete turn, so that one of these strips is shaped Pipe four mutually parallel stack of successive layers each of an electroactive polymer and an electrode are formed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de production d'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues, comprenant au moins un tube flexible flottant qui est fermé à ses deux extrémités. Le dispositif selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que le tube flexible flottant comprend une paroi qui comporte au moins un empilement étendu, s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale du tube flexible flottant et comprenant au moins une couche qui comporte un film de polymère électro-actif et au moins un film jouant le rôle d'électrode flexible. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de production d'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues, suivant lequel le tube flexible flottant est exposé aux mouvements des vagues, ce par quoi des segments de l'empilement sont étirés ou comprimés et les couches des polymères électro-actifs sont chargées dans les segments comprimés à l'aide d'une électronique de commande, après quoi l'excédent d'énergie électrique résultant de la détente de ces segments et de la séparation qui lui est liée entre des charges dans le polymère électro-actif de cette zone est extrait par une phase de décharge capacitive.
EP12735536.0A 2011-07-29 2012-07-16 Structure flexible destinée à produire de l'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues Withdrawn EP2737202A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011080120A DE102011080120A1 (de) 2011-07-29 2011-07-29 Flexible Struktur zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie aus Wellenbewegungen
PCT/EP2012/063888 WO2013017400A2 (fr) 2011-07-29 2012-07-16 Structure flexible destinée à produire de l'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2737202A2 true EP2737202A2 (fr) 2014-06-04

Family

ID=46514366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12735536.0A Withdrawn EP2737202A2 (fr) 2011-07-29 2012-07-16 Structure flexible destinée à produire de l'énergie électrique à partir du mouvement des vagues

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20140319969A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2737202A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011080120A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013017400A2 (fr)

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US9145875B2 (en) * 2007-05-01 2015-09-29 Pliant Energy Systems Llc Ribbon transducer and pump apparatuses, methods and systems
US9777701B2 (en) * 2013-04-22 2017-10-03 The Regents Of The University Of California Carpet of wave energy conversion (CWEC)
US10312834B2 (en) * 2013-11-13 2019-06-04 Single Buoy Moorings Inc. Multi-phase EAP system and method for controlling such a system
CN103994018B (zh) * 2014-06-11 2016-08-24 董万章 波浪能量综合采集转换发电装置
US10428787B2 (en) 2014-07-14 2019-10-01 Syed Mohammed Ghouse Free floating wave energy converter having variable buoyancy flexible pipe and enhanced capture width
GB201511042D0 (en) * 2015-06-23 2015-08-05 Royal College Of Art And Kong Ming Sensor device and method
US10514019B2 (en) * 2016-07-26 2019-12-24 Gaynor Dayson Floating piezoelectric assembly for generating energy from waves
CN107060373A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2017-08-18 成都协恒科技有限公司 发电型集装箱房
CN107387301B (zh) * 2017-07-28 2023-09-05 东北电力大学 一种压力激波式波浪能发电装置
US10823136B2 (en) 2018-04-27 2020-11-03 Pliant Energy Systems Llc Apparatuses, methods and systems for harnessing the energy of fluid flow to generate electricity or pump fluid
CN113027664B (zh) * 2021-03-23 2022-08-05 华中科技大学 一种基于电化学原理的波浪能量回收装置及能量回收方法
CN114033605B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2023-05-12 浙江师范大学 一种压电式波浪能发电机

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011080120A1 (de) 2013-01-31
WO2013017400A3 (fr) 2013-03-28
US20140319969A1 (en) 2014-10-30
WO2013017400A2 (fr) 2013-02-07

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