EP2725236A2 - Telesopic unit with additional function - Google Patents

Abstract

The unit (10) has a piston (14) that is arranged axially movable in the cylinder chamber (12) of a telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11). The hydraulic energy is stored in an intermediate reservoir, so that a hydraulic system (18) allocated to the free end (17) of the telescopic unit is energized with the hydraulic energy from the intermediate reservoir. The hydraulic medium of the hydraulic system is routed into another intermediate reservoir and into the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, so that the hydraulic system is energized with hydraulic energy conveyed to the hydraulic circuit. The bottom side (15) of the piston rod side (16) of the cylinder is fixed to a bearing allocated to the machine. An additional hydraulic system is allocated to the free end of the telescopic unit. A hydraulic system is energized with hydraulic energy by a hydraulic medium.

Description

The present invention relates to a telescoping unit for telescoping means arranged on machines, comprising at least one telescopic hydraulic cylinder and at least one in the cylinder chamber of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder arranged axially movable and connected to a piston rod piston, wherein the bottom side or the piston rod side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder on one of the machine associated bearing is formed fixable and at the free end of the telescoping unit is associated with at least one further hydraulic system, which is acted upon by a hydraulic medium with hydraulic energy.

When parts of machines are telescopically connected and these parts are telescoped by means of a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, it is necessary to allow another function at the exposed end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, a hose guide (flange, drum, etc.), a separate hydraulic unit or to install a hydraulic cylinder with an internal oil passage.

For example, a mobile crane with telescopic boom, with small counterweight can lift large loads, the boom must be as small as possible. Especially with larger working radii, it is necessary to keep the weight of the outrigger parts projecting beyond the support base as small as possible. Even when transporting a mobile crane, it is cheaper if the lowest possible weight has to be moved.

Due to this, in the majority of single-cylinder telecopying units with a securing and bolting unit - hereinafter referred to as SVE - installed in such mobile cranes. In this system, a telescopic box is secured to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder using the SVE and then unbolted from the surrounding telescopic box. Now, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder with the telescopic box extends to the desired length and bolted the telescopic boxes together and unlocks the telescopic hydraulic cylinder from just moved telescope box. This process is repeated until all telescopic boxes of a telescopic boom have reached their working position. To reduce the boom side torque of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fully retracted to a starting position. Only now can the extended boom be loaded to the maximum.

In these systems, the SVE is located at the exposed end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic energy is therefore also needed at this point, so that the boxes can be unlocked or locked. The disadvantage here is that exactly this point is driven back and forth with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder. Thus, the SVE is not directly accessible for hydraulic lines.

• Eine parallel zum Teleskophydraulikzylinder, mittels Energiekette, geführte Hydraulikschläuche.

At least two approaches are known from the prior art to ensure the supply of oil and thus the supply of hydraulic energy:

• A parallel to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, by means of energy chain, guided hydraulic hoses.

• Eine teleskopierbare Hydraulikleitung, die direkt durch den Teleskophydraulikzylinder geführt wird, um das Hydrauliköl an die SVE leiten zu können.

The disadvantage here is that the leadership of these hydraulic hoses requires a lot of space, which is not available especially for smaller telescopic boxes.

• A telescopic hydraulic line that passes directly through the telescopic hydraulic cylinder to direct hydraulic oil to the SVE.

Although this type of oil guide saves space, but has the disadvantage that such an arrangement is expensive and prone to failure (pressure transmission in the bushing lead to problems). In the event of an accident, this can be remedied only with a considerable, temporal and associated financial expense. For repair, the entire telescopic hydraulic cylinder must be removed and disassembled.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a telescoping unit of the type described above, with which the above-mentioned disadvantages can be overcome.

This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1, in particular the fact that by placing the piston in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder the hydraulic energy, which is derived and stored by changing the operating state and the resulting hydraulic pressure difference of the hydraulic medium, in at least a first buffer, so as to the at the free end of the telescoping unit associated hydraulic system with the hydraulic energy from the first latch in a case of need to act on it and wherein after consumption, the hydraulic medium stored in the hydraulic medium, the hydraulic medium is passed from the hydraulic system in at least a second intermediate memory, and from there again in the Teleskopophydraulikzylinder is passed, where it again supplied with hydraulic energy or the hydraulic primary circuit of the telescoping unit is supplied.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the first buffer is automatically loaded with the hydraulic medium as soon as the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is higher than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the first buffer.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the second intermediate store is automatically discharged from the hydraulic medium as soon as the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is less than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the second intermediate store.

Furthermore, it is provided that the pressures in the latches are measured with pressure transducers and the measured pressure data is processed by a computer or sent directly to a control unit.

For example, during load changes occur high and low pressures in the hydraulic system. The buffers act as storage tanks, which buffer the high and low pressures in the hydraulic system. The process of loading and unloading the buffer can, depending on the version, even occur at the same time.

In the telescoping unit according to the invention, it is provided to connect at least two buffer stores, one each for the high pressure and one for the low pressure, which are in operative connection with the hydraulic system (for example an SVE) with the telescoping unit hydraulically. The number of buffers should not be limited to this.

The supply of hydraulic power to the hydraulic system is provided by the temporary storage guaranteed. The latches may be formed here as a bladder accumulator or piston accumulator or spring accumulator. The memory for the high pressure and for the different low pressure to be connected via check valves directly to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the first buffer for the high pressure is automatically filled, or pressurized via the hydraulic medium, that is charged with hydraulic energy when the hydraulic pressure in the bottom space of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is higher than the pressure in the first intermediate store itself. This can be the case, for example, during telescoping, under static load or during extension of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in the bolted and secured state until it stops.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the second intermediate store is automatically discharged from the hydraulic medium as soon as the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is less than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the second intermediate store. This may for example be the case when the bottom-side valve of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is opened (i.e., the friction is greater than the static load) or the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is retracted in the bolted and secured state until it stops.

So that the functionality of the hydraulic system - for example, an SVE-can be ensured, the pressures in the buffer with pressure transducers can be measured and processed in a controller.

In a further preferred embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the control unit and / or the computer controls the telescoping unit in response to the pressure data determined and sent to it by the pressure sensors in order to load the buffer memories with hydraulic energy by changing the driving condition or to unload.

This should also be possible that the controller controls the hydraulic system via the pressure transducer to pressurize the hydraulic system with hydraulic energy as soon as the controller determines in the first latch for the placement of the hydraulic system insufficient amount of hydraulic energy. The pressure sensors are designed so that they the pressure of the hydraulic medium can convert to a proportional electrical signal.

• X -Wege ist die Anzahl der Verbindungen über die Rückschlagventile in die Zylinderräume des Telekophydraulikzylinders.
• Y-Raum ist die Anzahl der Zylinderinnenräume des Teleskophydraulikzylinders, wobei Ein-Raum die Boden- oder die Stangenseite darstellt. Zwei-Raum stellt die Boden- und die Stangenseite dar. Die normalen Zylinderanschlüsse zum Fahren des Zylinders werden hierbei nicht mitgezählt.

For a better understanding, an "X-way Y-space circuit is defined as:

• X-paths is the number of connections via the check valves in the cylinder chambers of the Telekophydraulikzylinders.
• Y-space is the number of cylinder interiors of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, with one-space representing the bottom or the rod side. Two-chamber represents the bottom and the rod side. The normal cylinder connections for driving the cylinder are not counted here.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the hydraulic system is supplied with the hydraulic medium via the rod side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit.

In another embodiment, the supply of the hydraulic system with the hydraulic medium via the bottom side by the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the hydraulic system is supplied with the hydraulic medium via the rod side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder with a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit. Also, the oil supply of the hydraulic system via the bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder can be done with a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit.

Furthermore, an advantageous embodiment, the supply of the hydraulic system with the hydraulic medium via the rod side or the bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder with a four-way two-space circuit.

It is particularly advantageous to process these with the aid of the pressure sensor signals detected by the pressure transducer in the computer or in the control unit itself so as to use the values determined for setting electric valves (poppet valves) via which the loading and unloading of the intermediate memory is regulated or controlled can be controlled. This could replace conventional check valves. As a result, not only the loading and unloading of the buffer can be controlled, but it is also possible to limit the maximum pressure in the memories. Furthermore, when loading the buffer a certain pressure difference (Delta-P) can be maintained. Thus, the removable power for the hydraulic system is fixed and there is no need for any further pressure adjustment. Instead of the electric valves and hydraulically controlled valves can be used in a further embodiment.

In a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the telescoping unit according to the invention, the oil supply takes place for the hydraulic system, on the bottom side and piston rod side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the hydraulic system is connected to the cylinder tube of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the returning oil only is directed into the bottom side.

According to another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Telekopiereinheit oil supply for the hydraulic system via the piston rod and bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder takes place in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, in which case the hydraulic system is connected to the cylinder tube of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the pressure oil only is taken from the bottom side. It is also possible to remove the pressure oil from the piston rod side.

It is also advantageous if the oil supply for the hydraulic system via the piston rod and bottom side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, the hydraulic system is connected to the piston rod of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the return oil only in the Bottom side can be passed. Also, the return oil could only be directed into the piston rod side.

Also, the oil supply to the hydraulic system is possible from the bottom side and piston rod side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a three-way two-way hydraulic circuit, where the hydraulic system is connected to the cylinder tube of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the returning oil can only be directed to the rod side.

Furthermore, the oil supply for the hydraulic system can be done via the piston rod and bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, the hydraulic system is connected to the piston rod of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders and the pressure oil only from the rod side is removed.

Fig. 1

Eine schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Kolbenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen Zwei-Wege-Ein-Raum-Schaltung erfolgt;

Fig. 2

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Stangenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen Zwei-Wege-Ein-Raum-Schaltung erfolgt;

Fig. 3

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über das Zylinderrohr des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen Zwei-Wege-Zwei-Raum-Schaltung erfolgt;

Fig. 4

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Stangenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen Zwei-Wege-Zwei-Raum-Schaltung erfolgt;

Fig. 5

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für das Hydraulikanlage, die über die Kolbenstangen- und Bodenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen Vier-Wege-Zwei-Raum-Schaltung erfolgt, wobei die Hydraulikanlage an der Bodenseite des Teleskopierzylinders angeschlossen ist;

Fig. 6

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 5 mit zusätzlichen Zwischenspeichern und Druckaufnehmern;

Fig. 7

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Telekopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 5, wobei die Hydraulikanlage an der Stangenseite des Teleskopierzylinders angeschlossen ist;

Fig. 8

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Telekopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 3, mit gedrehten Lade- bzw. Entladeanschlüssen an dem Zylinderrohr;

Fig. 9

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Telekopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 4, mit gedrehten Lade- bzw. Entladeanschlüssen an der Kolbenstangenseite;

Fig. 10

die schematische Schaltskitzze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 1, wobei hier die Versorgung aus der Stangenseite erfolgt;

Fig. 11

die schematische Schaltskitzze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 2, wobei der Anschluss hier auch durch die Kolbenstange, aber nicht zur Bodenseite des Teleskopzylinders, sondern zu dessen Stangenseite erfolgt;

Fig. 12

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Kolbenstangen- und Bodenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen "drei Wege, zwei Raum" Schaltung erfolgt; die Hydraulikanlage ist am Zylinderrohr des Teleskopierzylinders angeschlossen wobei im Unterschied zu Fig. 5 das Rücköl nur in die Bodenseite geleitet wird;

Fig. 13

die schematische Schaltskitzze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 5, wobei hier das Rücköl nur in die Stangenseite geleitet wird;

Fig. 14

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Kolbenstangen- und Bodenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen "drei Wege, zwei Raum" Schaltung erfolgt; die Hydraulikan$lage ist am Zylinderrohr des Teleskopierzylinders angeschlossen, wobei im Unterschied zu Fig. 5 das Drucköl nur aus der Bodenseite entnommen wird;

Fig. 15

die schematische Schaltskitzze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 5, wobei hier das Drucköl nur aus der Stangenseite entnommen wird,

Fig. 16

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Kolbenstangen- und Bodenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen "drei Wege, zwei Raum" Schaltung erfolgt; die Hydraulikanlage ist an der Kolbenstange des Teleskopierzylinders angeschlossen, wobei im Unterschied zu Fig. 7 das Rücköl nur in die Bodenseite geleitet wird;

Fig. 17

die schematische Schaltskitzze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 7, wobei hier das Rücköl nur in die Stangenseite geleitet wird;

Fig. 18

die schematische Schaltskizze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit in einer teilweise geschnittenen Ansicht, mit einer Ölversorgung für die Hydraulikanlage, die über die Kolbenstangen- und Bodenseite des Teleskophydraulikzylinders in einer hydraulischen "drei Wege, zwei Raum" Schaltung erfolgt; die Hydraulikanlage ist an der Kolbenstange des Teleskopierzylinders angeschlossen, wobei im Unterschied zu Fig. 7 das Drucköl nur aus der Bodenseite entnommen wird;

Fig. 19

die schematische Schaltskitzze der erfindungsgemäßen Teleskopiereinheit gemäß Fig. 7, wobei hier das Drucköl nur aus der Bodenenseite entnommen wird.

The invention is explained in more detail below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. The figures show:

Fig. 1

A schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the piston side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit;

Fig. 2

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the rod side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic two-way single-room circuit;

Fig. 3

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the cylinder tube of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit;

Fig. 4

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the rod side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit;

Fig. 5

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partial sectional view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the piston rod and bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic four-way two-space circuit, the hydraulic system is connected to the bottom side of the telescoping cylinder;

Fig. 6

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention Fig. 5 with additional buffers and pressure transducers;

Fig. 7

the schematic circuit diagram of the Telekopiereinheit according to the invention Fig. 5 , wherein the hydraulic system is connected to the rod side of the Teleskopierzylinders;

Fig. 8

the schematic circuit diagram of the Telekopiereinheit according to the invention Fig. 3 with rotated charge and discharge ports on the cylinder tube;

Fig. 9

the schematic circuit diagram of the Telekopiereinheit according to the invention Fig. 4 with rotated charge and discharge ports on the piston rod side;

Fig. 10

the schematic Schaltskitzze the telescoping unit according to the invention according to Fig. 1 , where the supply from the rod side takes place here;

Fig. 11

the schematic Schaltskitzze the telescoping unit according to the invention according to Fig. 2 , wherein the connection also takes place here by the piston rod, but not to the bottom side of the telescopic cylinder, but to the rod side;

Fig. 12

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the piston rod and bottom side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic "three way, two room"circuit; the hydraulic system is connected to the cylinder tube of the telescoping cylinder, unlike Fig. 5 the return oil is only directed to the bottom side;

Fig. 13

the schematic Schaltskitzze the telescoping unit according to the invention according to Fig. 5 , whereby here the return oil is led only in the rod side;

Fig. 14

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the piston rod and bottom side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic "three way, two room"circuit; the hydraulic system is connected to the cylinder tube of the telescopic cylinder, unlike Fig. 5 the pressure oil is taken only from the bottom side;

Fig. 15

the schematic Schaltskitzze the telescoping unit according to the invention according to Fig. 5 , where here the pressure oil is taken only from the rod side,

Fig. 16

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the piston rod and bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder in a hydraulic "three-way, two-space"circuit; the hydraulic system is connected to the piston rod of the telescoping cylinder, unlike Fig. 7 the return oil is only directed to the bottom side;

Fig. 17

the schematic Schaltskitzze the telescoping unit according to the invention according to Fig. 7 , whereby here the return oil is led only in the rod side;

Fig. 18

the schematic circuit diagram of the telescoping unit according to the invention in a partially sectioned view, with an oil supply for the hydraulic system, which takes place via the piston rod and bottom side of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders in a hydraulic "three way, two room"circuit; the hydraulic system is connected to the piston rod of the telescoping cylinder, unlike Fig. 7 the pressure oil is taken only from the bottom side;

Fig. 19

the schematic Schaltskitzze the telescoping unit according to the invention according to Fig. 7 , where here the pressure oil is taken only from the bottom side.

Like in the Fig. 1 and the Fig. 2 shown, the telescoping unit 10 essentially consists of at least one telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 and at least one axially displaceable in the cylinder tube 12 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 and connected to a piston rod 13 piston 14. The bottom side 15 or the piston rod side 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 is at one of Machine or part of the machine (not shown) associated bearing not shown) attached. The free end 17 of the telescoping unit 10 is assigned at least one hydraulic system 18.

The hydraulic system 18 is formed in this embodiment as SVE. For example, in other embodiments, the hydraulic system 18 may be configured to install / remove implements. The bolting and Entbolzen of equipment, for example, to rotate, close and open of devices such as pliers, grippers, loading troughs and lifts are conceivable. For this purpose, a hydraulic medium, acted upon by hydraulic energy and forwarded to the hydraulic system 18.

The hydraulic system 18 is, as in Fig. 1 shown connected to the bottom side 15 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 via a line 19. The line 19 has a fork 20, which divides the line 19 into a feed line 21 and a return line 22. So that the hydraulic medium can flow in each case only in a predetermined direction in the feed line 21 and the return line 22, correspondingly designed valves 23 and 24 are provided. The valves 23 and 24 are formed in this embodiment as check valves.

In the following, the path of the hydraulic medium in the supply line 21 after the check valve 23 in the direction of the hydraulic system 18 is described first. The check valve 23 prevents the unwanted reflux of the hydraulic medium from the supply line 21 back to the bottom side 15 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11. The supply line 21 is associated with a bypass 25 which is connected to a first latch 26. The buffer 26 is designed as a bladder accumulator in this embodiment.

Due to the changing operating conditions, there are differences in pressure in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 and thus also in the supply line 21. These pressure differences arise, for example, when loads are driven or when driven against Verbolzungslöcher or end stops and the like. Even with a constant load, different hydraulic pressures in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 result from the different ground to ring surface ratios. These pressure differences represent an energy potential that can be used for additional work. The higher pressures in the hydraulic fluid are now passed through the bypass 25 in the buffer 26 and stored until further notice.

The supply line 21 is connected to a control unit 27. The control unit 27 is in turn connected to the hydraulic system 18 via the supply line 21a. The control unit 27 detects and regulates the demand for hydraulic energy and provides it to the hydraulic system 18, if necessary, from the buffer 26.

After completed work, the "relaxed" hydraulic medium from the hydraulic system 18 is now directed into a return line 22a. The return flow of the hydraulic medium is regulated by the control unit 27 connected to the return line 22a. The expanded hydraulic medium is passed via a bypass 25a into a second intermediate store 28 with a hydraulic medium having a lower pressure than the first intermediate store 26 and stored therebetween. A backflow of the hydraulic medium by the control unit 27 and then further into the hydraulic system 18 is avoided by the control unit 27. The check valve 24 is connected to the supply line 19, from where the hydraulic medium is pushed back into the cylinder chamber 12 at the appropriate opportunity.

The hydraulic system 18, the control unit 27, and the latches 26, 28 together with the supply and return lines 19, 21, 21 a and 22, 22 a and the check valves 23 and 24 are formed movable together with the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11. The hydraulic system 18 can be stored floating.

The hydraulic medium is stored in a reservoir 29, from where it is provided by means of a hydraulic pump 30 via adjusting and control means 31 to the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11.

The Fig. 1 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a first embodiment in which the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium on the cylinder tube 12 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11, from the bottom side 15, with a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit.

The Fig. 2 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a second embodiment in which the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, by the piston rod 13 to the bottom side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11, with a hydraulic two-way one-space circuit. The hydraulic medium can be directed from the piston rod side 16 via a return line 32 a to the adjusting and control means 31, from where it is pumped back into the reservoir 29.

The Fig. 3 shows the Teleskopiereinehit 10 of the invention in another embodiment. In this case, the hydraulic system 18 is supplied with a hydraulic medium via the cylinder tube 12 from the bottom side 15 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 by means of a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit. Here, the relaxed hydraulic medium from the buffer 28 via the bypass 25a through the valve 24 via a return line 32 to the piston rod side 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 is passed.

The Fig. 4 also shows an embodiment of the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention. The hydraulic system 18 is supplied with a hydraulic medium, as in Fig. 2 represented, also by the piston rod 13 to the bottom and rod side 15 and 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11. In contrast to the Fig. 2 is the embodiment as in Fig. 3 , designed as a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit.

The Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of the inventive telescopic unit 10 in which the coupling of high pressure and low pressure takes place with a four-way two-space circuit. For this purpose, the feed line 21 and the return line 22 are connected via check valves to the bottom side 15 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 in this embodiment. The inlet, or the return of the hydraulic medium is regulated by the valves 23, 24. Between the latches 26, 28 and the valves 23, 24 of the supply and return line 21, 22, a further line 35, 36 associated with the supply line or the return line of the hydraulic medium via additional, the line 35, 36 associated valves 37, 38 controls the piston rod side 16.

The Fig. 6 is also an embodiment of the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention with which the coupling of high pressure and low pressure with a four-way two-space circuit, as shown in Fig. 5 described, takes place. Additional buffers 39 and 40 are provided for the intermediate buffers 26 and 28 and are connected via a bypass line 41 and 41a to a pressure sensor 42, 42a. Tailored is the bypass line 41 and 41 a to the supply line 21 and return line 22, which in turn is connected to the line 35 and 36 on the rod side 33, or with the piston rod side 16 of the cylinder chamber 12. The pressure transducer 42, 42 a detects the pressure drop or the pressure build-up in the latches 26, 28 and 39, 40 and converts the hydraulic pressure into electrical signals. This signal provides for the compensation of hydraulic medium or pressure, in the event that are used in an electrical control (not shown) to to free the control unit 27 and the buffers 26, 28 and 29, 40 by the telekopieren to load or unload.

In another embodiment, not shown, the check valves 23, 24 and 37, 38 are replaced by electric seat valves. These electric seat valves are then controlled by an electrical control, taking into account the pressure transducer signals of the pressure transducer 42, 42 a.

The Fig. 7 also shows an embodiment of the telecopying unit 10 according to the invention. The supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium takes place, as in the Fig. 4 represented, also by the piston rod 13 to the bottom and rod side 15, 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11. In contrast to the illustration in Fig. 4 this embodiment is as in Fig. 5 , designed as a hydraulic four-way two-space circuit.

The Fig. 8 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in analogy to the illustration in FIG Fig. 3 , Here, however, the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium via the cylinder tube 12 from the piston rod side 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11. Here, the relaxed hydraulic fluid from the buffer 28 via the bypass 25a through the valve 24 via the return line 32 to the bottom side 15 of the Telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 passed.

The Fig. 9 also shows an embodiment of the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention. The hydraulic system 18 is supplied with a hydraulic medium, as in FIG Fig. 4 also represented by the piston rod 13 to the bottom and rod side 15, 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11. The embodiment is, as in Fig. 4 , designed as a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit. But unlike Fig. 4 Here are the charge-discharge lines connected to the piston rod 13 rotated. Thus, the hydraulic medium is pressed from the piston rod side 16 in the memory 26 and from the memory 28, the return takes place in the bottom side 15th

The Fig. 10 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment, in which the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, on the cylinder tube 12 from the piston rod side 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11 takes place with a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit.

The Fig. 11 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment, in which the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, by the piston rod 13 to the piston rod side 16 of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 11, with a "two-way single-space circuit".

The Fig. 12 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 5 he follows. But the return line 36 and the valve 38 in Fig. 5 omitted here. This embodiment is thus a "three-way two-space circuit".

The Fig. 13 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 5 he follows. But here the return line 36 and the valve 38 are retained, but the valve 24 is omitted It is also a "three-way two-space circuit".

The Fig. 14 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 5 he follows. In this embodiment, the reservoir 26 is pressurized only via the valve 23 from the bottom side 15. The line 35 and the valve 37 are omitted. This version is also a "three-way two-space circuit"

The Fig. 15 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 5 he follows. Now, the supply of the memory 26 takes place only via the valve 37 and the line 35 from the piston rod side 16 with pressure. The valve 23 is omitted. This version is again a "three-way two-space circuit"

The Fig. 16 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 7 , So by the piston rod 13, takes place. In this variant, the medium from the reservoir 26 can only flow back into the bottom side 15 via the valve 24. Valve 38 is not installed. This is also a "three-way two-space circuit.

The Fig. 17 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 7 , he follows. In this variant, the medium from the reservoir 26 can only flow back into the rod side 16 via the valve 38. Here valve 24 is not installed. It is also a "three-way two-space circuit".

The Fig. 18 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 7 , he follows. In this embodiment, the reservoir 26 is pressurized only via the valve 23 from the bottom side 15. Here valve 37 is not installed. It is also a "three-way two-space circuit".

The Fig. 19 shows the telescoping unit 10 according to the invention in a further embodiment in the supply of the hydraulic system 18 with a hydraulic medium, analog Fig. 7 , he follows. In this circuit form, the pressure supply of the memory 26 takes place only via the valve 37 and only from the rod side 16. There is no charging connection to the bottom side 15. Again, there is a "three-way two-space circuit".

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Telescoping unit

11

Telescopic hydraulic cylinders

12

cylinder tube

13

piston rod

14

piston

15

bottom side

16

Piston rod side

17

free end

18

Hydraulikanalge

19

management

20

crotch

21, 21a

supply line

22, 22a

Return line

23

Valve

24

Valve

25, 25a

bypass

26

cache

27

control unit

28

cache

29

reservoir

30

pump

31

Actuating means / control means

32

Return line

33

rod side

34

Axial / Arrow

35

management

36

management

37

Valve

38

Valve

39

cache

40

cache

41, 41a

bypass line

42, 42a

Pressure transducer

Claims (26)

Telescoping unit for telescoping machines arranged on machines comprising at least one telescopic hydraulic cylinder and at least one in the cylinder chamber of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder arranged axially movable and connected to a piston rod piston, wherein the bottom side or the piston rod side of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is fixed to one of the machine bearing and formed on at least one further hydraulic system is assigned to the free end of the telescoping unit, which is acted upon by a hydraulic medium with hydraulic energy, characterized in that by the placement of the piston (14) in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11), the hydraulic energy that is due to the change of Operating state and the resulting hydraulic pressure difference of the hydraulic medium, in at least a first latch (26, 39) is derived and stored, so that at the free end (17) of the telescope piereinheit (10) associated hydraulic system (18) with the hydraulic energy from the first latch (26, 39) in case of need to act on it and wherein after consumption, the stored hydraulic energy in the hydraulic medium, the hydraulic medium from the hydraulic system (18) in at least a second buffer (28, 40) is passed, and from there again in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) is passed, where it is again applied with hydraulic energy or the hydraulic primary circuit of the telescoping unit (10) is supplied. Telescoping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first buffer (26, 39) is automatically loaded with the hydraulic medium as soon as the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) is higher than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the first buffer (26, 39). Telecopying unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the second buffer (28, 40) is automatically discharged from the hydraulic medium as soon as the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) is smaller than the pressure of the hydraulic medium in the second intermediate memory (28, 40). Telescoping unit according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the Pressures in the latches (26, 39, 28, 40) are measured with pressure transducers (42, 42a) and the measured pressure data is processed by a computer or sent directly to a control unit (27). Telescoping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the latches (26, 39, 28, 40) are formed as a bladder accumulator or as a piston accumulator or as a spring accumulator. Telescoping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the control unit (27) or the computer, depending on the pressure data determined and transmitted to it by the pressure transducers (42, 42a), actuates the telescoping unit (10) in order to change the driving state Latch (26, 39, 28, 40) with hydraulic energy to load or unload. Telescoping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the control unit (27) or the computer, the hydraulic system (18) by processing the data from the pressure transducer (42, 42 a) only with hydraulic energy applied when the pressure difference between the first latch (26 , 39) and the second latches (28, 40) has reached a certain minimum value. Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure transducers (42, 42a) convert the pressure of the hydraulic medium into a proportional electrical signal. Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic system (18) with the hydraulic medium via from the bottom side (15) through the piston rod (13) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit he follows. Telecopying unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic system (18) with the hydraulic medium from the bottom side (15) on the cylinder tube (12) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) takes place in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit. Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic unit (18) with the hydraulic medium from the bottom and rod side (15, 16) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) with a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit through the piston rod (13). Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic unit (18) from the bottom and rod side (15, 16) on the cylinder tube (12) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) takes place with a hydraulic two-way two-space circuit , Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic system (18) from the bottom and rod side (15, 16) by the piston rod (13) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) with a hydraulic four-way two-space circuit he follows. Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic system (18) with the hydraulic medium from the bottom and rod side (15, 16) on the cylinder tube (12) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) with a four-way two-space circuit he follows. Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic system (18) with the hydraulic medium from the rod side (16) by the piston rod (13) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) takes place in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit , Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the supply of the hydraulic system (18) with the hydraulic medium from the rod side (16) on the cylinder tube (12) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) takes place in a hydraulic two-way single-space circuit. Telescoping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the pressure transducer signals measured by the pressure transducers (42, 42a) are forwarded to the computer or the control unit (27), and to actuate valves (23, 24) for loading and unloading the intermediate accumulators (26, 39, 28, 40). Telescoping unit according to claim 17, characterized in that the valves (23, 24) are electric seat valves or hydraulically controlled valves or mechanical check valves. Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil supply for the hydraulic system (18) via the bottom side and piston rod side (15, 16) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the hydraulic system (18) on the cylinder tube (12) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder ( 11) is connected and the returning oil is passed only in the bottom side (15). Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil supply for the hydraulic system (18) via the piston rod and bottom side (16, 15) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) takes place in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the hydraulic system (18) is connected to the cylinder tube (11) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) and the pressure oil is removed only from the bottom side (15). Telescoping unit according to claim 20, characterized in that the pressure oil is removed only from the piston rod side (13). Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil supply for the hydraulic system (18) via the piston rod and bottom side (16, 15) of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders (11) takes place in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the Hydraulic system (18) connected to the piston rod (13) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) and the return oil is passed only in the bottom side (15). Telescoping unit according to claim 22, characterized in that the return oil is passed only in the piston rod side (16). Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil supply for the hydraulic system (18) via the piston rod and bottom side (16, 15) of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders (11) takes place in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the Hydraulic system (18) is connected to the piston rod (13) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) and the pressure oil is removed only from the bottom side (15). Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil supply for the hydraulic system (18) via the bottom side and piston rod side (15, 16) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the hydraulic system (18) is connected to the cylinder tube (12) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) and the returning oil is only directed into the rod side (16). Telescoping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the oil supply for the hydraulic system (18) via the piston rod and bottom side (16, 15) of the Teleskophydraulikzylinders (11) takes place in a hydraulic three-way two-space circuit, wherein the Hydraulic system (18) is connected to the piston rod (13) of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (11) and the pressure oil is removed only from the rod side (16).

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