EP2724357B1 - Buchholz relay - Google Patents

Buchholz relay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2724357B1
EP2724357B1 EP12720874.2A EP12720874A EP2724357B1 EP 2724357 B1 EP2724357 B1 EP 2724357B1 EP 12720874 A EP12720874 A EP 12720874A EP 2724357 B1 EP2724357 B1 EP 2724357B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
buchholz relay
collecting chamber
magnetic
float
flow flap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12720874.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2724357A1 (en
Inventor
Kai Hämel
Ullrich REHNELT
Karsten Viereck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP2724357A1 publication Critical patent/EP2724357A1/en
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Publication of EP2724357B1 publication Critical patent/EP2724357B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/55—Oil reservoirs or tanks; Lowering means therefor
    • H01H33/555—Protective arrangements responsive to abnormal fluid pressure, liquid level or liquid displacement, e.g. Buchholz relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H36/02—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding actuated by movement of a float carrying a magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
    • H01F2027/404—Protective devices specially adapted for fluid filled transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/40—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by devices allowing continual flow of fluid, e.g. vane

Definitions

  • a Buchholz relay is a long-known protective device for oil-insulated power transformers.
  • the Buchholz relay indicates faults such as short circuits, windings or even defects in the transformer oil. For small deviations, such as gas development, this condition is usually only reported - there is a so-called "Buchholzwar Vietnamese". For significant errors, such. B. short circuits, the transformer is turned off.
  • the well-known Buchholz relay is based on the fact that in oil-cooled transformers insulation faults or even a heavy overload can lead to local overheating, which causes gas to develop in the oil space of the transformer.
  • the gas bubbles collect in the upper part of the housing of the Buchholz relay and displace the oil there in the regular state. With small errors, this gas formation lowers a float of the Buchholz relay and a contact is closed, which reports this error. For larger errors, a sudden overpressure arises, which causes an equally strong strong flow of oil.
  • another switch is closed in the Buchholz relay with the help of a throttle valve, a flap or a similar device, which switches off the transformer immediately and thus protects against further damage.
  • the known Buchholz relay is usually located in the oil connection line from the transformer to its expansion vessel.
  • the well-known Buchholz relay has a pipe connection on the upper housing cover. This can occasionally be taken by the operator of the transformer, a gas sample and carried out a gas analysis.
  • DE3248275 A1 discloses a Buchholz relay according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages and to provide a simple design, compact Buchholz relay, the functionally reliable electrical contact elements, which are easily replaceable and also allows a (remote) testing the functionality of the Buchholz relay from the distance without shutting down the transformer.
  • the general inventive idea consists firstly of providing magnetic interrupters, preferably protective gas magnetic interrupters, in a separate housing.
  • the further general inventive idea is to provide a separate line, the free end leads to the area of the damper and can be supplied from the outside by oil or air under pressure, so that a function monitoring also far away from the Buchholz relay, in a safe place , can be done.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Buchholz relay according to the invention with a housing 1, on which an upper part 2 is fastened by means of a screw connection 3.
  • a first screw 4 is provided with a connection 4.1, also a screw 5 with a connection 5.1.
  • a cable gland 6 is provided, through which the electrical lines not shown here are led by the electrical switching elements inside to the outside.
  • Housing 1 and upper part 2 enclose a collecting space, which is at least partially - in regular operation completely - filled with insulating liquid.
  • FIG. 2 shows in the sectional plane AA first a cover 7, wherein the underlying components are explained later.
  • This cover 7 is fastened by means of a screw 8 on the lid.
  • a fall flap 9 and a flow channel 10 are shown in the lower region, further a fuse 10.1.
  • the side is vertical in the housing of Buchholz relay a dip tube 11, comprising an upper part 11.1, a lower part 11.2, a lower, final sealing plug 11.3 and a glass tube holder 11.4.
  • a protective gas solenoid 12 Within the dip tube 11 is a protective gas solenoid 12, which here has two superimposed contacts, which are designed as openers has. Instead of a normally closed contact, the contacts can also be designed as normally open contacts or else as changeover contacts.
  • a guide rod 13 is shown having a lower connecting rod 14 and an upper connecting rod 15.
  • the upper connecting rod 15 is mechanically connected to an upper float 16; the lower connecting rod 14 is connected via a disc 14.1 with a lower float 17 in connection.
  • FIG. 3 shows the Buchholz relay according to the invention in the sectional view BB.
  • a flow flap 18 and its retaining bolt 19 are also shown.
  • a fork 20 for connection to the lower float 17.
  • Sideways on the upper lid area is a button 21 under the previously mentioned cover 7. This button 21 serves to reset as well for functional testing on site at the device; it is connected via a test rod 22 with a pressure lever 24, wherein between a spring 23 is inserted.
  • a return plate 25 with a holder 25 a.
  • a magnetic assembly for fixation in the tripped state consisting of a magnet housing 26, a magnetic plate 27, a magnet 28 and its magnet holder 29th
  • FIG. 4 is shown in section DD further side a check valve 30 with a screw 30.1 shown, which communicates via a connecting part 30.2 with a line 31 in connection.
  • This line 31 ends with its free end in the region of the flow flap 18.
  • a holder 32 of the trapdoor 9 which has already been mentioned earlier, furthermore a corresponding locking washer 32.1.
  • the line 31 leads over the in FIG. 1 shown screw 4 from the there also shown connection 4.1 to the outside. It can be of any length and be led to a location located on the ground or in another location. From there it can be supplied with air or pressurized oil, so that a functional test of Buchholz relay can be done from a distance. The air can be released from the Buchholz relay via the further connection 5.1.
  • protective gas solenoid switch 12 which are arranged vertically above one another in the immersion tube 11 also explained, can be easily removed with the entire dip tube or by disassembly of the glass tube holder 11.4.
  • two upper contacts which correspond to the upper float 16, and two lower contacts, which correspond to the lower float 17 and are actuated by the respective float deflection, are opened one above the other, are opened here, intended.
  • the invention is not limited thereto; There are also other magnetic interrupters with other numbers of individual contacts possible, which need not necessarily be designed as an opener. It is also possible within the scope of the invention to provide two parallel immersion tubes 11, each having one or more shielding gas solenoid 12.
  • the gas in the insulating liquid moves upward, accumulates in the Buchholz relay and reduces the liquid level in the Buchholz relay.
  • the upper float 16 is deflected; it operates without contact the upper contact or the upper contacts of the inert gas magnetic switch 12 and thus triggers an alarm.
  • the lower float 19 is not affected.
  • the upper float 16 thus switches at gas accumulation at least one upper contact of the protective gas magnetic switch 12th
  • the upper float 16 also switches these contacts when oil is lost.
  • the lower float 17 switches with complete loss of oil the at least one lower contact of the protective gas magnet switch 12.
  • the inert gas solenoid 12 can thus both by one or both float 16 and / or 17 and the flow flap 18 are actuated; separate contacts for triggering by the flow flap 18 omitted so.
  • the flow flap 18 can be detected by the trap door 9; An unlocking of the fall flap 9 is carried out by pressing the button 21 under the cover 7. An automatic reset can also be done by removing the trap door 9.
  • a remote inspection of the flow flap 25 is possible by injecting oil from the outside into the conduit 31.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)

Description

Ein Buchholzrelais ist eine seit langem bekannte Schutzeinrichtung für ölisolierte Leistungstransformatoren. Das Buchholzrelais zeigt Fehler wie Kurzschlüsse, Windungsschlüsse oder auch Mängel am Transformatorenöl an. Bei kleinen Abweichungen, wie einer Gasentwicklung, wird dieser Zustand in der Regel nur gemeldet - es erfolgt eine sogenannte "Buchholzwarnung". Bei erheblichen Fehlern, wie z. B. Kurzschlüssen, wird der Transformator hingegen abgeschaltet.A Buchholz relay is a long-known protective device for oil-insulated power transformers. The Buchholz relay indicates faults such as short circuits, windings or even defects in the transformer oil. For small deviations, such as gas development, this condition is usually only reported - there is a so-called "Buchholzwarnung". For significant errors, such. B. short circuits, the transformer is turned off.

Das bekannte Buchholzrelais geht von der Tatsache aus, dass in ölgekühlten Transformatoren Isolationsfehler oder auch eine starke Überlast zu einer örtlichen Überhitzung führen können, die eine Gasentwicklung im Ölraum des Transformators verursacht. Die Gasblasen sammeln sich im oberen Teil des Gehäuses des Buchholzrelais und verdrängen das dort im regulären Zustand vorhandene Öl. Bei kleinen Fehlern senkt sich durch diese Gasbildung ein Schwimmer des Buchholzrelais und ein Kontakt wird geschlossen, der diesen Fehler meldet. Bei größeren Fehlern entsteht ein plötzlicher Überdruck, der eine ebenso plötzliche starke Ölströmung hervorruft. Dadurch wird im Buchholzrelais mit Hilfe einer Drosselklappe, einer Stauklappe oder einer vergleichbaren Einrichtung ein weiterer Schalter geschlossen, der den Transformator sofort abschaltet und so vor weiteren Schäden schützt. Das bekannte Buchholzrelais befindet sich üblicherweise in der Ölverbindungsleitung vom Transformator zu dessen Ausdehnungsgefäß.The well-known Buchholz relay is based on the fact that in oil-cooled transformers insulation faults or even a heavy overload can lead to local overheating, which causes gas to develop in the oil space of the transformer. The gas bubbles collect in the upper part of the housing of the Buchholz relay and displace the oil there in the regular state. With small errors, this gas formation lowers a float of the Buchholz relay and a contact is closed, which reports this error. For larger errors, a sudden overpressure arises, which causes an equally strong strong flow of oil. As a result, another switch is closed in the Buchholz relay with the help of a throttle valve, a flap or a similar device, which switches off the transformer immediately and thus protects against further damage. The known Buchholz relay is usually located in the oil connection line from the transformer to its expansion vessel.

In vielen Fällen besitzt das bekannte Buchholzrelais am oberen Gehäusedeckel einen Rohrleitungsanschluss. Damit kann vom Betreiber des Transformators gelegentlich eine Gasprobe entnommen und eine Gasanalyse vorgenommen werden.In many cases, the well-known Buchholz relay has a pipe connection on the upper housing cover. This can occasionally be taken by the operator of the transformer, a gas sample and carried out a gas analysis.

Aus der DE 2049972 ist ein solches Buchholzrelais zur Überwachung der Gasbildung und der Flüssigkeitsstandsänderung bekannt. In dieser Schrift ist der Stand der Technik, insbesondere der Betätigung von Schaltern durch die bereits erwähnten Schwimmer, ausführlich erläutert.From the DE 2049972 Such a Buchholz relay is known for monitoring gas formation and fluid level change. In this document, the prior art, in particular the operation of switches by the already mentioned float, explained in detail.

Bereits die frühere DE 746146 beschreibt eine Entnahmeleitung, die vom Deckel des Buchholzrelais abgezweigt ist. Die Leitung selbst und ein mit ihr in Verbindung stehender Gasauffangbehälter sind mit Ventilen versehen, die es gestatten, Gas- oder Ölproben an einem bequemen Ort zu entnehmen.Already the former DE 746146 describes a sampling line, which is branched off from the cover of the Buchholz relay. The conduit itself and a gas collector associated with it are provided with valves which allow gas or oil samples to be taken in a convenient location.

DE3248275 A1 offenbart ein Buchholzrelais gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. DE3248275 A1 discloses a Buchholz relay according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der umfangreiche Stand der Technik zu Buchholzrelais weist insgesamt verschiedene Nachteile auf. Zum einen sind die in aller Regel verwendeten Reedkontakte anfällig und nur schwer austauschbar.The extensive state of the art for Buchholz relays has a number of disadvantages. First, the reed contacts that are usually used are vulnerable and difficult to replace.

Zum anderen ist eine Funktionsüberwachung der bekannten Buchholzrelais nur direkt am Buchholzrelais selbst, d. h. am Trafo, an dem er montiert ist, möglich. Dies ist aufwändig und auch nicht ungefährlich, da sich das Buchholzrelais in der Regel wegen der Nähe zu den hochspannungsführenden Anbauteilen nicht in einer gefährdungsfreien Umgebung befindet und der Transformator für diese Prüfungen abgeschaltet werden muss.On the other hand, a function monitoring of the known Buchholz relays is only possible directly on the Buchholz relay itself, ie on the transformer to which it is mounted. This is complex and not without danger, because the Buchholz relay is usually not located in a hazardous environment because of the proximity to the high voltage leading attachments and the transformer must be turned off for these tests.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile zu beseitigen und ein einfach aufgebautes, kompaktes Buchholzrelais anzugeben, das funktionssichere elektrische Kontaktelemente aufweist, die einfach austauschbar sind und zudem eine (Fern-)Prüfung der Funktionsfähigkeit des Buchholzrelais aus der Distanz ohne Abschaltung des Transformators ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages and to provide a simple design, compact Buchholz relay, the functionally reliable electrical contact elements, which are easily replaceable and also allows a (remote) testing the functionality of the Buchholz relay from the distance without shutting down the transformer.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention.

Die allgemeine erfinderische Idee besteht zum einen darin, Magnetschaltröhren, vorzugsweise Schutzgasmagnetschaltröhren, in einem separaten Gehäuse vorzusehen. Die weitere allgemeine erfinderische Idee besteht darin, eine separate Leitung vorzusehen, deren freies Ende bis zum Bereich der Stauklappe führt und durch die von außen Öl bzw. Luft unter Druck zugeführt werden kann, so dass eine Funktionsüberwachung auch fern vom Buchholzrelais, an einem ungefährlichen Ort, erfolgen kann.The general inventive idea consists firstly of providing magnetic interrupters, preferably protective gas magnetic interrupters, in a separate housing. The further general inventive idea is to provide a separate line, the free end leads to the area of the damper and can be supplied from the outside by oil or air under pressure, so that a function monitoring also far away from the Buchholz relay, in a safe place , can be done.

Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend an Hand von Zeichnungen beispielhaft noch näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to drawings.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Buchholzrelais in seitlicher Darstellung
Figur 2
dieses Buchholzrelais entlang der Schnittebene A-A
Figur 3
ein solches Buchholzrelais entlang der Schnittebene B-B
Figur 4
ein solches Buchholzrelais entlang der (in Figur 2 dargestellten) Schnittebene D-D.
Show it:
FIG. 1
an inventive Buchholz relay in a lateral view
FIG. 2
this Buchholz relay along the cutting plane AA
FIG. 3
Such a Buchholz relay along the cutting plane BB
FIG. 4
such a Buchholz relay along the (in FIG. 2 shown) cutting plane DD.

Zur Erläuterung der Figuren ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht in allen Zeichnungen alle Bauteile mit Bezugszeichen versehen worden sind.To explain the figures, it should be noted that for reasons of clarity not all components have been provided with reference numerals in all drawings.

Figur 1 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Buchholzrelais mit einem Gehäuse 1, auf dem ein Oberteil 2 mittels einer Verschraubung 3 befestigt ist. Am Oberteil 2 ist eine erste Verschraubung 4 mit einem Anschluss 4.1 vorgesehen, weiterhin eine Verschraubung 5 mit einem Anschluss 5.1. Auf diese Anschlüsse wird später noch detailliert eingegangen werden. Ferner ist eine Kabelverschraubung 6 vorgesehen, durch die die hier nicht dargestellten elektrischen Leitungen von den elektrischen Schaltelementen im Inneren nach außen geführt werden. Gehäuse 1 und Oberteil 2 umschließen einen Sammelraum, der zumindest teilweise - im regulären Betrieb vollständig - mit Isolierflüssigkeit gefüllt ist. FIG. 1 shows a Buchholz relay according to the invention with a housing 1, on which an upper part 2 is fastened by means of a screw connection 3. At the upper part 2, a first screw 4 is provided with a connection 4.1, also a screw 5 with a connection 5.1. These connections will be discussed in detail later. Furthermore, a cable gland 6 is provided, through which the electrical lines not shown here are led by the electrical switching elements inside to the outside. Housing 1 and upper part 2 enclose a collecting space, which is at least partially - in regular operation completely - filled with insulating liquid.

Figur 2 zeigt in der Schnittebene A-A zunächst eine Abdeckung 7, wobei die darunter befindlichen Bauelemente noch später erläutert werden. Diese Abdeckung 7 ist mittels einer Verschraubung 8 am Deckel befestigt. Weiterhin sind in dieser Figur eine Fallklappe 9 und ein Strömungskanal 10 im unteren Bereich gezeigt, weiterhin eine Sicherung 10.1. Seitlich befindet sich senkrecht im Gehäuse des Buchholzrelais ein Tauchrohr 11, aufweisend ein Oberteil 11.1, ein Unterteil 11.2, einen unteren, abschließenden Verschlussstopfen 11.3 und eine Glasröhrenhalterung 11.4. Innerhalb des Tauchrohres 11 befindet sich ein Schutzgasmagnetschalter 12, der hier jeweils zwei übereinander angeordnete Kontakte, die als Öffner ausgebildet sind, besitzt. Statt als Öffner können die Kontakte auch als Schließer oder auch ais Wechsler ausgebildet sein. Ferner ist seitlich und parallel zum Tauchrohr 11 sich senkrecht durch das Gehäuse erstreckend, eine Führungsstange 13 gezeigt, die eine untere Verbindungsstange 14 und eine obere Verbindungsstange 15 aufweist. Die obere Verbindungsstange 15 steht mit einem oberen Schwimmer 16 mechanisch in Verbindung; die untere Verbindungsstange 14 steht über eine Scheibe 14.1 mit einem unteren Schwimmer 17 in Verbindung. FIG. 2 shows in the sectional plane AA first a cover 7, wherein the underlying components are explained later. This cover 7 is fastened by means of a screw 8 on the lid. Furthermore, in this figure, a fall flap 9 and a flow channel 10 are shown in the lower region, further a fuse 10.1. The side is vertical in the housing of Buchholz relay a dip tube 11, comprising an upper part 11.1, a lower part 11.2, a lower, final sealing plug 11.3 and a glass tube holder 11.4. Within the dip tube 11 is a protective gas solenoid 12, which here has two superimposed contacts, which are designed as openers has. Instead of a normally closed contact, the contacts can also be designed as normally open contacts or else as changeover contacts. Further, laterally and parallel to the dip tube 11 extending vertically through the housing, a guide rod 13 is shown having a lower connecting rod 14 and an upper connecting rod 15. The upper connecting rod 15 is mechanically connected to an upper float 16; the lower connecting rod 14 is connected via a disc 14.1 with a lower float 17 in connection.

Figur 3 zeigt das erfindungsgemäße Buchholzrelais in der Schnittdarstellung B-B. Hier sind wiederum sehr gut oberer Schwimmer 16 und unterer Schwimmer 17 zu erkennen. Ferner gezeigt ist eine Strömungsklappe 18 sowie deren Haltebolzen 19. Ferner gezeigt ist eine Gabel 20 zur Verbindung mit dem unteren Schwimmer 17. Seitlich am oberen Deckelbereich befindet sich ein Knopf 21 unter der bereits früher erwähnten Abdeckung 7. Dieser Knopf 21 dient zur Rückstellung als auch zur Funktionsprüfung vor Ort am Gerät; er ist über eine Prüfstange 22 mit einem Druckhebel 24 verbunden, wobei dazwischen eine Feder 23 eingefügt ist. Darunter befindet sich eine Rückstellplatte 25 mit einer Halterung 25a. Ebenfalls dargestellt ist eine magnetische Baugruppe zur Fixierung im ausgelösten Zustand, bestehend aus einem Magnetgehäuse 26, einer Magnetplatte 27, einem Magnet 28 und dessen Magnetaufnahme 29. FIG. 3 shows the Buchholz relay according to the invention in the sectional view BB. Here again very good upper float 16 and lower float 17 can be seen. Further shown is a flow flap 18 and its retaining bolt 19. Also shown is a fork 20 for connection to the lower float 17. Sideways on the upper lid area is a button 21 under the previously mentioned cover 7. This button 21 serves to reset as well for functional testing on site at the device; it is connected via a test rod 22 with a pressure lever 24, wherein between a spring 23 is inserted. Below is a return plate 25 with a holder 25 a. Also shown is a magnetic assembly for fixation in the tripped state, consisting of a magnet housing 26, a magnetic plate 27, a magnet 28 and its magnet holder 29th

In Figur 4 ist in Schnittdarstellung D-D weiterhin seitlich ein Rückschlagventil 30 mit einer Verschraubung 30.1 gezeigt, die über ein Anschlussteil 30.2 mit einer Leitung 31 in Verbindung steht. Diese Leitung 31 endet mit ihrem freien Ende im Bereich der Strömungsklappe 18. Ferner gezeigt ist eine Halterung 32 der Fallklappe 9, die bereits früher erwähnt wurde, weiterhin eine entsprechende Sicherungsscheibe 32.1. Ebenfalls dargestellt ist eine Blende 33 mit ihrer Blechabdeckung 34.In FIG. 4 is shown in section DD further side a check valve 30 with a screw 30.1 shown, which communicates via a connecting part 30.2 with a line 31 in connection. This line 31 ends with its free end in the region of the flow flap 18. Further shown is a holder 32 of the trapdoor 9, which has already been mentioned earlier, furthermore a corresponding locking washer 32.1. Also shown is a panel 33 with its metal cover 34th

Die Leitung 31 führt über die in Figur 1 dargestellte Verschraubung 4 von dem dort ebenfalls gezeigten Anschluss 4.1 nach außen. Sie kann beliebig lang sein und zu einem auf dem Boden oder in einem anderen Ort befindlichen Standort geführt werden. Von dort kann sie mit Luft oder Drucköl beaufschlagt werden, derart, dass eine Funktionsprüfung des Buchholzrelais aus der Entfernung erfolgen kann.
Über den weiteren Anschluss 5.1 kann die Luft wieder aus dem Buchholzrelais abgelassen werden.The line 31 leads over the in FIG. 1 shown screw 4 from the there also shown connection 4.1 to the outside. It can be of any length and be led to a location located on the ground or in another location. From there it can be supplied with air or pressurized oil, so that a functional test of Buchholz relay can be done from a distance.
The air can be released from the Buchholz relay via the further connection 5.1.

Die in Figur 2 dargestellten Schutzgasmagnetschalter 12, die im ebenfalls erläuterten Tauchrohr 11 vertikal übereinander angeordnet sind, lassen sich auf einfache Weise mit dem gesamten Tauchrohr bzw. durch Demontage von dessen Glasröhrenhalterung 11.4 entfernen. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind jeweils - übereinander angeordnet - zwei obere Kontakte, die mit dem oberen Schwimmer 16 korrespondieren, sowie zwei untere Kontakte, die mit dem unteren Schwimmer 17 korrespondieren und durch die jeweilige Schwimmerauslenkung betätigt, hier geöffnet, werden, vorgesehen. Die Erfindung ist nicht darauf beschränkt; es sind auch andere Magnetschaltröhren mit anderen Zahlen von Einzelkontakten möglich, wobei diese nicht zwingend als Öffner ausgebildet sein müssen.
Es ist im Rahmen der Erfindung auch möglich, zwei parallele Tauchrohre 11 vorzusehen, die jeweils einen oder mehrere Schutzgasmagnetschalter 12 aufweisen.In the FIG. 2 shown protective gas solenoid switch 12, which are arranged vertically above one another in the immersion tube 11 also explained, can be easily removed with the entire dip tube or by disassembly of the glass tube holder 11.4. In the illustrated embodiment, two upper contacts, which correspond to the upper float 16, and two lower contacts, which correspond to the lower float 17 and are actuated by the respective float deflection, are opened one above the other, are opened here, intended. The invention is not limited thereto; There are also other magnetic interrupters with other numbers of individual contacts possible, which need not necessarily be designed as an opener.
It is also possible within the scope of the invention to provide two parallel immersion tubes 11, each having one or more shielding gas solenoid 12.

Die Funktion des erfindungsgemäßen Buchholzrelais lässt sich folgendermaßen zusammenfassen, wobei drei unterschiedliche Fehlerfälle unterschieden werden können.The function of the Buchholz relay according to the invention can be summarized as follows, with three different error cases can be distinguished.

Im ersten Fall ist eine übermäßige Gasbildung in der Isolierflüssigkeit vorhanden. In einem solchen Fall bewegt sich das Gas in der Isolierflüssigkeit nach oben, sammelt sich im Buchholzrelais und verringert den Flüssigkeitsstand im Buchholzrelais. Dabei wird der obere Schwimmer 16 ausgelenkt; er betätigt berührungslos den oberen Kontakt oder die oberen Kontakte des Schutzgasmagnetschalters 12 und löst damit einen Alarm aus. Der untere Schwimmer 19 ist davon nicht betroffen.In the first case, excessive gas formation is present in the insulating liquid. In such a case, the gas in the insulating liquid moves upward, accumulates in the Buchholz relay and reduces the liquid level in the Buchholz relay. In this case, the upper float 16 is deflected; it operates without contact the upper contact or the upper contacts of the inert gas magnetic switch 12 and thus triggers an alarm. The lower float 19 is not affected.

Im zweiten Fall, wenn durch eine Undichtigkeit Isolierflüssigkeit entweicht, bewegt sich zunächst wiederum der obere Schwimmer 16 und löst auf die beschriebene Weise einen Alarm aus, wenn in diesem Fall Luft aus dem hier nicht dargestellten Ausdehnungsgefäß in das Buchholzrelais eindringt. Falls der Flüssigkeitsverlust anhält, und weitere Isolierflüssigkeit entweicht, wird auch der untere Schwimmer 17 ausgelenkt, der damit den unteren Kontakt oder die unteren Kontakte des Schutzgasmagnetschalters 12 betätigt. Durch diese Kontaktbetätigung wird der Transformator komplett abgeschaltet.In the second case, if escapes through a leak insulating liquid, first moves again the upper float 16 and triggers in the manner described an alarm when in this case air from the expansion tank, not shown here penetrates into the Buchholz relay. If the loss of fluid stops, and further insulating liquid escapes, the lower float 17 is deflected, which thus actuates the lower contact or the lower contacts of the inert gas magnetic switch 12. This contact operation completely shuts off the transformer.

Im dritten Fall, wenn durch interne Störungen, etwa durch Lichtbogenbildung, sich eine Druckwelle bildet, erfolgt ebenfalls eine elektrische Signalgabe dadurch, dass dann die Strömungsklappe 18 ausgelenkt wird.In the third case, if a pressure wave is formed by internal disturbances, such as by arcing, an electrical signal is also given by the fact that then the flow flap 18 is deflected.

Der obere Schwimmer 16 schaltet also bei Gasansammlung mindestens einen oberen Kontakt des Schutzgasmagnetschalters 12.The upper float 16 thus switches at gas accumulation at least one upper contact of the protective gas magnetic switch 12th

Der obere Schwimmer 16 schaltet bei Ölverlust zunächst ebenfalls diese Kontakte. Der untere Schwimmer 17 schaltet bei kompletten Ölverlust den mindestens einen unteren Kontakt des Schutzgasmagnetschalters 12. Sind, wie ebenfalls möglich, zwei separate Tauchrohre 11 vorgesehen, dann werden jeweils die beiden oberen bzw. die beiden unteren Kontakte geschaltet.The upper float 16 also switches these contacts when oil is lost. The lower float 17 switches with complete loss of oil the at least one lower contact of the protective gas magnet switch 12. Are, as also possible, two separate dip tubes 11 provided, then the two upper and the two lower contacts are connected.

Durch einen unerwünschten Ölschwall infolge von Überdruck öffnet die Strömungsklappe 18, wodurch ebenfalls die mindestens eine untere Kontaktstelle des Schutzgasmagnetschalters 12 betätigt wird. Der Schutzgasmagnetschalter 12 kann also sowohl durch einen oder beide Schwimmer 16 und/oder 17 als auch die Strömungsklappe 18 betätigt werden; separate Kontakte für eine Auslösung durch die Strömungsklappe 18 entfallen damit.Due to an undesirable oil surge as a result of overpressure opens the flow flap 18, whereby also the at least one lower contact point of the inert gas magnetic switch 12 is actuated. The inert gas solenoid 12 can thus both by one or both float 16 and / or 17 and the flow flap 18 are actuated; separate contacts for triggering by the flow flap 18 omitted so.

Durch entsprechende Dimensionierung der Blende 33 lassen sich in weiten Grenzen Änderungen der Anströmgeschwindigkeit vornehmen. Ebenso ist eine Änderung der Anströmgeschwindigkeit auch durch eine Verstellung des Magnetgehäuses 26 möglich.By appropriate dimensioning of the aperture 33 can be made within wide limits changes in the flow velocity. Likewise, a change in the flow velocity is also possible by an adjustment of the magnet housing 26.

Die Strömungsklappe 18 kann durch die Fallklappe 9 festgestellt werden; eine Entriegelung der Fallklappe 9 erfolgt durch Betätigung des Knopfes 21 unter der Abdeckung 7. Eine automatische Rückstellung kann auch durch Entfernen der Fallklappe 9 erfolgen.The flow flap 18 can be detected by the trap door 9; An unlocking of the fall flap 9 is carried out by pressing the button 21 under the cover 7. An automatic reset can also be done by removing the trap door 9.

Durch Drücken des Knopfes 21 ist weiterhin vor Ort direkt am Buchholzrelais eine Testfunktion von oberem Schwimmer 16 und unterem Schwimmer 17 realisierbar.By pressing the button 21, a test function of the upper float 16 and lower float 17 can continue to be realized directly on site directly on the Buchholz relay.

Erfindungsgemäß ist durch Einblasen von Öl von außen in die Leitung 31 eine Fernüberprüfung der Strömungsklappe 25 möglich.According to the invention, a remote inspection of the flow flap 25 is possible by injecting oil from the outside into the conduit 31.

Claims (5)

  1. Buchholz relay for monitoring gas output and insulating liquid in liquid-filled high-voltage installations, particularly power transformers or tap changers, and protection of installations of that kind, wherein a collecting chamber at least partly filled with insulating liquid is provided in a housing, wherein two deflectable floats are provided one above the other in the collecting chamber, wherein the two floats act on an electrical switching device and wherein a flow flap which is deflectable and similarly acts on an electrical switching device is provided in the collecting chamber, characterised in that the electrical switching device consists of at least one magnetic switching tube (12), that the at least one magnetic switching tube (12) is arranged in at least one separate immersion pipe (11) extending vertically through the collecting chamber, that the at least one magnetic switching tube (12) is actuable by the two floats (16, 17) as also the flow flap (18) and that a line (31), the free end of which ends in the collecting chamber in the region of the flow flap, is provided, wherein the line (31) can be acted on from outside, i.e. outside the Buchholz relay, with air or oil.
  2. Buchholz relay according to claim 1, characterised in that the at least one magnetic switching tube (12) is constructed as a protective gas magnetic switch.
  3. Buchholz relay according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that two parallel immersion tubes (11) are provided, and that each of the two immersion tubes (11) has two magnetic switching tubes (12), which are arranged one above the other, with individual contacts in such a manner that two thereof are actuable by the upper float (16) and the other two by the lower float (17) and/or the flow flap (18).
  4. Buchholz relay according to claim 3, characterised in that the individual contacts are constructed as openers, closers or change contacts.
  5. Buchholz relay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the line (31) is led at the upper part (2) of the Buchholz relay to a coupling (4.1) and that a further coupling (5.1) is provided as test coupling for air or other gas.
EP12720874.2A 2011-06-22 2012-05-14 Buchholz relay Active EP2724357B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011105397 2011-06-22
PCT/EP2012/058875 WO2012175252A1 (en) 2011-06-22 2012-05-14 Buchholz relay

Publications (2)

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EP2724357A1 EP2724357A1 (en) 2014-04-30
EP2724357B1 true EP2724357B1 (en) 2016-03-16

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EP12720874.2A Active EP2724357B1 (en) 2011-06-22 2012-05-14 Buchholz relay

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EP (1) EP2724357B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103620719B (en)
ES (1) ES2577151T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1192966A1 (en)
PT (1) PT2724357T (en)
WO (1) WO2012175252A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105826128B (en) * 2015-01-07 2018-06-19 国家电网公司 Multi-functional double float gas relays
DE102017101242A1 (en) * 2017-01-24 2018-07-26 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Cooling circuit for battery with Buchholz relay
CN107564765B (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-12-28 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 A kind of floating-ball level switch resilient contact
EP3544040B1 (en) * 2018-03-20 2021-03-03 ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG A protection relay for hermetically sealed distribution transformers
CN111261456A (en) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-09 邵星源 Gas relay
CN111883385B (en) * 2020-08-12 2022-09-02 郑州赛奥电子股份有限公司 Gas relay with independent heavy gas and oil loss functions

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE746146C (en) 1939-01-12 1944-06-13 Aeg Device for determining the cause of failure in oil transformers
DE2049972C3 (en) * 1970-10-12 1973-09-13 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Protection device for liquid-cooled transformers and chokes
DD207645A3 (en) * 1982-02-04 1984-03-07 Dietrich Kroll STORAGE FLAP FOR PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
ITPD980061A1 (en) * 1998-03-24 1999-09-24 Comem Spa BUCHHOLZ TYPE IMPROVED GAS STORAGE RELAY
ITVI20070223A1 (en) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-08 Comem Spa BUCHHOLZ RELAY FOR THE PROTECTION OF ELECTRIC POWER EQUIPMENT INSULATED IN OIL.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012175252A1 (en) 2012-12-27
EP2724357A1 (en) 2014-04-30
PT2724357T (en) 2016-07-07
CN103620719A (en) 2014-03-05
CN103620719B (en) 2016-07-13
ES2577151T3 (en) 2016-07-13
HK1192966A1 (en) 2014-09-05

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